考研《英语一》2023年海东地区平安县临考冲刺试卷含解析

考研《英语一》2023年海东地区平安县临考冲刺试卷

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Ourteacherstriedteachingusaboutdeathduringnursingtraining.Asastudentnurse,IknewIwouldseedeathinmy

1.Ihadnoideaofthe2itwouldhaveonme,3.

ThefirstpersonIsawdiewasanelderlyman,John,whohadbeen4forweeks.Hisheartwas5andthehealth—careteamwaskeepinghimcomfortableand6hissymptoms.Hehadstoppedspeakingdaysbeforebutwas

stillawakeattimes,andhis7whenwespoketohimwasbeautiful.

WhenIcameontothe8onemorning,thenightstaffsaidhehaddeteriorated(恶化)overnightandhad9

lefttoleave.AtrainednurseandIgavehimabedbath,shavedhimandchangedhissheets.ForthenextsixhoursI10

hishandandtalkedtohim.Thedoctorcameinregularlyandaskedifheneededmorepainreliefbutheseemed11

mostofthetime.Heonly12openedhiseyestosmileatme.Earlyintheafternoonthenursecamebackinandwe

washedhisfaceand13hishair.Asshewasjustabouttoleavetheroom,shestrokedhishairandsaid:"OhJohn,just

14."Minuteslater,hedid.

Ithasbeen20yearssinceJohn'sdeath.Ihaveseen15deathsinmytimenursing.Ihaveseenstaffgofarbeyondthe16oftheirjobsto17thatapatienthasasgoodadeathaspossible.Iremembersomeoftheotherfaces,

butnoneisquiteas18asJohn's.He,andtheprofessionalswhowere19him,taughtmethatit20

howwetreatthosewhoaredying.

1、A.lifeB.careerC.mindD.family

2、A.impactB.differenceC.reflectionD.affection

3、A.insteadB.regardlessC.thereforeD.however

4、A.insistingB.challengingC.strugglingD.recovering

5、A.strikingB.failingC.beatingD.aging

6、A.comfortingB.decreasingC.disappearingD.relieving

7、A.faceB.eyesC.smileD.expression

8、A.wardB.classroomC.hospitalD.department

9、A.daysB.hoursC.minutesD.seconds

10、A.heldB.reachedC.huggedD.touched

11、A.silentB.painfulC.peacefulD.anxious

12、A.frequentlyB.occasionallyC.hardlyD.easily

13、A.

combed

B

.

tied

C.washed

D.smelt

14、A.

comeon

B

.

passaway

C.letgo

D.goaway

15、A.

priceless

B

.

constant

C.considerate

D.countless

16、A.

qualifications

B

.

ability

C.expectations

D.exception

17、A.

pretend

B

.

assume

C.believe

D.ensure

18、A.

beautiful

B

.

vivid

C.pale

D.scary

19、A.

caringfor

B

.

lookingfor

C.bringingup

D.cheeringup

20、A.

trains

B

.

works

C.influences

D.matters

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

PresidentXiJinping,whilevisitingavillageinNorthChina'sShanxiprovince,calledonWednesdayforgreaterefforts

andmoreeffectivemeasurestohelpthoselivinginpoverty.

Thepresidenthaspaidmuchattentiontopovertyreductioninrecentyears.InhisNewYear'saddress,Xisaidthatwhathecaresmostaboutispoorpeople.Thepeople'slongingforahappylifeisthegoalthattheCommunistPartyofChinaisstriving

for,XisaidduringastopinthevillageofSongjiagou,Kelancounty,duringhisShanxiinspectiontour.Thevillageisnewly

builtforlocalpeoplewhorelocatedfrompoverty—strickenhomesnearby.Hecalledonthevillagersto"rolluptheirsleeves

andworkon"andthepeople'slivelihoodswill"risejointbyjointlikesesameflowersonthestem,"thepresidentsaid.

Xirecognizedthelocalgovernment'seffortstorelocatevillagersfromimpoverished(贫困的)areastonewlybuilt

residences.Heurgedlocalauthoritiestotakemoremeasurestohelppoorpeopleimprovelivingconditionsandraisetheir

incomes.InthevillageofZhaojiawa,Xiheldtalkswithcivilservantswhoweredispatched(派遣)fromtheKelancounty

people'scongressforthevillage'spovertyalleviation(缓和)work.Heencouragedthecivilservantstohaveintensivecontacts

withvillagersandhelpthemoutofpoverty.

NotingthattheCPChasdispatchedanumberofofficialsandteamstotakechargeofpovertyreliefatgrassroots

organizationsinrecentyears,Xisaidthatthemeasuresareeffectiveforpovertyalleviation.Thenumberofpeoplelivingin

povertynationwidewasreducedby12.4millionlastyearto43.35million.Thegovernmentwillliftanother10millionpeople

outofpovertythisyear,accordingtotheGovernmentWorkReport.

1、WhatdoesthepresidentthinkofthefuturelifeofthepeopleinNorthChina?

A.Itisquitepromising.B.Itwillbelikeastem.

C.Itwillremainthesame.D.Itwillbecomeharder.

2、Howmanypeoplewerelivingunderpovertytheyearbeforelast?

A.12.4million.B.43.35million.

C.55.75million.D.33.35million.

3、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthearticle?

A.President'sInspectionTourinSouthChina

B.President'sUrgeforPovertyReduction

C.Government'sEffortstoRelocatetheVillagers

D.Government'sPlanforPovertyAlleviation

Text2

WhatCocktailPartiesTeachUs

You'reataparty.Musicisplaying.Glassesareclinking.Dozensofconversationsaredrivingupthedecibel(分贝)level.Yetamongallthosedistractions,youcantuneyourattentiontojustonevoicefrommany.Thisabilityiswhatresearcherscall

the"cocktail-partyeffect".

ScientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanFranciscohavefoundwherethatsound-editingprocessoccursinthebrain—intheauditorycortex(听觉皮层)justbehindtheear,notinareasofhigherthought.Theauditorycortexboostssomesounds

andturnsdownotherssothatwhenthesignalreachesthehigherbrain,"it'sasifonlyonepersonwasspeakingalone,"says

investigatorEdwardChang.

Thesefindings,publishedinthejournalNaturelastweek,explainwhypeoplearen'tverygoodatmultitasking—our

brainsarewiredfor"selectiveattention"andcanfocusononlyonethingatatime.Thatinbornabilityhashelped

humanssurviveinaworldbuzzingwithvisualandauditorystimulation(刺激).Butwekeeptryingtopushthelimitswith

multitasking,sometimeswithtragic(悲剧的)consequences.Driverstalkingoncellphones,forexample,arefourtimesaslikely

togetintotrafficaccidentsasthosewhoaren't.

Manyofthoseaccidentsaredueto"inattentionalblindness",inwhichpeoplecan,ineffect,turnablindeyetothingsthey

aren'tfocusingon.Themoreattentionataskdemands,thelessattentionwecanpaytootherthingsinourfieldofvision.

Imageslandonourretinas(视网膜)andareeitherboostedorplayeddowninthevisualcortexbeforebeingpassedtothebrain,

justastheauditorycortexfilterssounds,asshownintheNaturestudylastweek."It'sapush-pullrelationship—themorewe

focusononething,thelesswecanfocusonothers,"saysDianeM.Beck,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatthe

UniversityofIllinois.

StudiesoverthepastdecadeattheUniversityofUtahshowthatdriverstalkingonhands-freecellphonesarejustas

influencedasthoseonhands-heldphonesbecauseitistheconversation,notthedevice,thatisdistractingtheirattention.Those

talkingonanykindofcellphonereactmoreslowlyandmissmoretrafficsignalsthanothermotorists.

Somepeoplecantrainthemselvestopayextraattentiontothingsthatareimportant—likepoliceofficerslearntoscancrowdsforfacesandconductorscanlistenforindividualinstrumentswithintheorchestraasawhole.Manymorethinktheycaneffectivelymultitask,butareactuallyshiftingtheirattentionrapidlybetweentwothingsandnotgettingthefulleffectof

either,expertssay

1、WhathavescientistsinUniversityofCaliforniafoundabout"thecocktail-partyeffect"?

A.Usuallythereisonlyonepersonwhoisspeakingalone.

B.Allkindsofannoyingsoundsdriveupthedecibellevel.

C.Thehigherbrainprocessessoundsandimagesselectively.

D.Soundsaresortedoutbeforereachingthehigherbrain.

2、Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.Wearebiologicallyincapableofmultitasking.

B.Wesurvivedistractionsinlifebymultitasking.

C.Wecannotmultitaskwithoutextraattention.

D.Webenefitfrompushingthelimitwithmultitasking.

3、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"inattentionalblindness"?

A.Acarelessdriverlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.

B.Policescannedthecrowdsandlocatedthecriminal.

C.Amanagertalkedonahands-freephonewithhisclient.

D.Apedestrianhadacaraccidentbecauseofphubbing(低头).

4、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto

A.compareandcontrast

B.informandexplain

C.argueanddiscuss

D.examineandevaluate

Text3

NatalieTraylingisafamousstreetartistinMelbourne.Atfirst,thosewhohappenedtopassbyherandsparesome

changedidn'tevenrealizewhatamusicalgeniuswasplaying.Theemotionaltunewasnotonlymasterfullyplayedbutalso

composedbyNatalieherselfwhenshewasonly14.Gradually,aslongassheappears,peoplewillstop,absorbedinhermusic.

Hermusicmakesyouthinkaboutcalmness,thegoodthingsinlife,andnevergivingup.

Butwhatpeopledonotknowisthatbehindthebeautifulmusicoftheoldwoman,itisfullofbitterness.Attheageof12,

shewonamusicscholarshipatSantaMariaCollege.At15sheknockedbackascholarshiptotheRoyalAcademyofMusicin

Londonbecauseherparentscouldn'tpaynon-tuitioncosts.Whensheleftschool,shetaughtpianoatSantaMaria.Latershe

metherhusband,Denis.Theyhadfourchildren,butthetwoofthemdied.In1984,Denisaskedforadivorce.Natalie'sson,

Nathan,wasgivenmedicationfordepression.NatalielivedeitheroutdoorsinRoyalParkorinboardinghousesfornineyears.

Inlate2003Nataliecollapsedwithanaemia(贫血)andwashospitalizedforsixmonths.

Forhalfacentury,Nataliehasbeenteasedbyfate.Butevenso,shenevergaveupherloveformusic.Whenaskedwhythe

musicwassoimportanttoher,shesaid:"Musiciseverything.Idofeelpartofit.Thewholeworldismusic."

WhenNataliewentontheInternet,shebecameasignofMelbourne.Peopleareimpressedbyherpersistenceindreams

andtheoptimismoflife.Nowsheisnolongerwanderingaround.Shecanplaythepianoatanytime,butaslongastheweather

isgood,shewillwalktothestreetsofMelbourne,andplayatouchingmelodyfortherushofthecity.

1、WhyisNatalie'smusicsotouchingtothepassers-by?

A.Itisfullofbitterness.

B.Shecomposeditherself.

C.It'sareflectionofherownlife.

D.Itremindsofthebeautyoflife.

2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"knockedback"inParagraph2?

A.gaveup

B.obtained

C.accepted

D.wasawarded

3、WhatdoesmusicmeantoNatalie?

A.It'sherhobby.

B.It'sthesourceofhermisfortune.

C.Itispartofherlife.

D.It'sawaytoearnaliving.

4、Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?

A.Natalieisamusicalgenius.

B.Lifeisnoteasyforeveryone.

C.Nevergiveuphalfway.

D.Nataliehasastrongandbraveheart.

Text4

PeopleinFinlandweretheleastlikelytobelievethatpeoplelaughingintheirpresenceweremakingfunofthem.Less

thantenpercentofFinnsinthestudysaidtheywouldthinkthat,comparedtoeightypercentofpeopleinThailand.

Somepeopleinthestudysaidtheyfeltunsureofthemselvesinsocialsituationsbuthidtheirfeelingsofinsecurity(局促不

安)Otherssaidtheyavoidedsocialsituationswheretheyhadbeenlaughedatbefore.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplein

TurkmenistanandCambodiaweremorelikelytobeinthefirstgroup.Theywouldhidetheirfeelingsofinsecurityiftheywerearoundotherpeople'slaughter.ButpeopleinIraq,EgyptandJordanweremorelikelytotrytoavoidsuchsituationsiftheyfelt

theyhadbeenlaughedatbefore.

Shypeopleoftenavoidsituationsthatwouldforcethemintoclosecontact(联系)withotherpeople.Theyworrythat

somethingtheysayordowillmakeotherpeoplelaughatthem.Butsomepeopleworrymuchmorethanothers.Theymayhave

anillnesscalledgelotophobia.GelosisaGreekword.Itmeanslaughter.Phobiameansfear.Thisfearoflaughtercanbetruly

sadforthosewholivewithit.Itcanaffecthowtheyleadtheirlives.

Inthestudy,ateamfromtheUniversityofZurichledmorethanninetyresearchersfromaroundtheworld.Theywantedto

understandthedifferencebetweennormalshynessandtruegelotophobia.Anotherpurposeofthestudywastocomparethe

levelsoffearofbeinglaughedatindifferentcultures.Theresearcherssurveyed(调查)morethantwenty-twothousandpeople

inforty-twodifferentlanguages.ThefindingsappearedinthescientificmagazineHumor.

1、Whatdidthestudyfind?

A.Beinglaughedatisacommonfear.

B.Beinglaughedatisdifferentfromculturetoculture.

C.OnlypeopleinTurkmenistanwouldhidetheirfeelingsofinsecurityiftheywerearoundotherpeople'slaughter.

D.Thefearofbeinglaughedatisdifferentaroundtheworld.

2、Shypeopleoftenavoidsituationsthatwouldforcethemintoclosecontactwithotherpeoplebecause

A.theyhaveadisordercalledgelotophobia

B.Itcanaffecthowtheyleadtheirlives

C.theyworrythatsomethingtheysayordowillbelaughedat

D.theyworrythatallwhattheysayordowillmakeotherpeoplelaughatthem

3、Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph3refersto.

A.laughter.B.gelotophobia.

C.fear.D.Phobia.

PartB

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

MyStayinNewYork

Aftergraduationfromuniversity,IhadbeenunabletosecureajobinmysmalltownSoIdecidedtoleavehomeforNewYork,1.Imighthaveabetterchancetofindagoodjob2.(earn)somemoneytopaythedailyexpenses,Istartedtoworkina

localcaféasawaiterIbelievedthatassoonasI3.(offer)agoodposition,Iwouldresignatonce

Overtime,thehighcostoflivingbecamealittleburdenonmyalready4.(exhaust)shoulderOntheotherhand,mysearchfora5.(respect)jobhadnotmetwithmuch6.(succeed)AsIhadstudiedliteratureatuniversity,Ifound7.quitedifficultto

secureasuitablejobinbigcompaniesMotherhadjustsaidthatifIwantedtohaveabettercareeradvancement,Ihadtofind

workinthecityPerhaps8.mymotherhadtoldmewasdeeplyrootedinmymindIjustdidasshehadexpected

SoonIhadlivedinthecityforoversixmonthsbutIstilldidnotlikeitApparently,Ihaddifficulty9.(adapt)myselftolife

inthecity,letalonefindingasuitablejobAfterninemonthsoffrustration,Ieventuallydecidedtogobacktomysmalltown

NotuntilIreturned10.Irealizethataquiettownlifewasthebestforme

语法填空

Shouldnaps(小睡)actually1.(take)duringtheday?Well,wecertainlyknowfrom2.(evident)inthesleepcenterand

thatofmanyotherscientiststhatnapscangiveyoubenefitsforbothyourbrain3.yourbodyButnapscanactuallybe

4.double-edgedswordbecausewhilewe'reawakeduringtheday,we'rebuildingupsleepinessorsleeppressureSowhenyou

trytofallasleepatnight,you'llfallasleepquicklyandthenyou'llstayasleepAndwhenwesleep,weactuallyreleasethat

sleepinesssothatwewakeupthenextmorningfeeling5.(refresh)

Soifyoutakeanapduringtheday,especiallyifyoutakeittoolateintheafternoon,youwillactuallyreleasesomeofthatsleepinessanditwillmakeitmuch6.(hard)tofallasleepandstayasleepsoundlythroughoutthenightSotheadvicewould

beifyoudon'tstrugglewithyoursleepandyoucannap7.(regular),thennapsarejustfine

Butifyoudofinditdifficult8.(fall)asleeporstayasleepatnight,thenyoushouldavoidnapsandtrytobuildupthat

healthysleepinessintheevening

Theidealnapdependson9.youwantfromthatnapDifferentstagesofsleepactuallygiveyoudifferenttypesofbrain

andbody10.(benefit)

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

Theteenageyearscanbetough,andit'snormaltofeelsadeverynowandthen.Butifthesefeelingsdon'tgoawayor

becomesointensethatyoucan'thandlethem,youmaybesufferingfromdepression.1、

Trynottoisolateyourself.

Whenyou'redepressed,youmaynotfeellikeseeinganybodyordoinganything.Justgettingoutofbedinthemorningcan

bedifficult,butisolatingyourselfonlymakesdepressionworse.2、Spendtimewithfriends,especiallythosewhoareactive.

Keepyourbodyhealthy.

Makinghealthylifestylechoicescandowondersforyourmoods.Everheardofthe"RunnersHigh"?Physicalactivity

canbeaseffectiveasmedicationsfordepression,sogetinvolvedinsports,rideyourbike,ortakeadanceclass.Anyactivity

helps!3、Asforfood,makesureyou'refeedingyourmindwithplentyoffruits,vegetables,andwholegrains.

Avoidalcoholanddrugs.

Youmaybetrydrinkingorusedrugsinanefforttoescapefromyourfeelingsandgeta"moodboost",evenifjustforashorttime.However,substanceusecanmakedepressionworse.4、Youwillneedspecialtreatmentforyoursubstanceabuse

problem.

5、

Stressandworrycanleadtodepression.Talktoateacherifexamsorclassesseemoverwhelming.Inaddition,ifyouhavea

healthconcernyoufeelyoucan'ttalktoyourparentsabout,seeadoctor.Ahealthprofessionalcanhelpyouapproachyour

parentsandguideyoutowardappropriatetreatment.Ifyou'redealingwithrelationships,friendships,orfamilyproblems,talk

toanadultyoutrust.

A.Askforhelpifyouarestressed.

B.Evenashortwalkcanbebeneficial.

C.Turntoyourparentsforhelp.

D.Asyougetoutintotheworld,youmayfindyourselffeelingbetter.

E.Inshort,drinkingandtakingdrugswillmakeyoufeelworse—notbetter—inthelongrun.

F.Themoreexerciseyoudo,thehealthieryouwillbe.

G.Helpisavailableandyouhavemorepowerthanyouthink.

Youshouldmakethoroughplansbeforeyouundertakeacampingtrip.Justfollowthesesimp