2011年中级会计职称《中级经济法》试题(版本二)

WhatisLiteratureLiterature

istheartofwrittenworks.InWesternculturethemostbasicwrittenliterarytypesincludefictionandnon-fiction.

List5fictionsand5non-fictionsyouhavereadorheard.(10min)WhatisLiteratureFiction

isthetellingofstorieswhicharenotreal.Morespecifically,fictionisanimaginativeformofnarrative,oneofthefourbasicrhetoricalmodes(includingexposition,argumentation,description,andnarration).WhatisLiteratureWorksoffiction

neednotbeentirelyimaginaryandmayincluderealpeople,places,andevents.WhatisLiteratureFiction

maybewrittenororal.Althoughnotallfictionisnecessarilyartistic,fictionislargelyperceivedasaformofartorentertainment.Elementsoffiction

“Fictionhasthreemainelements:plotting(情节）,character（人物形象）,andplaceorsetting

（场景）."(Morrell2006,p.

151)

andTheme

(主题）Style（风格）CategoriesofFiction-Typesofprosefiction:

Flashfiction

(小小说）:Aworkoffewerthan2,000words.(1,000bysomedefinitions)(around5pages)Shortstory

（短篇小说）:Aworkofatleast2,000wordsbutunder7,500words.(5-25pages)Novelette（中篇小说）:Aworkofatleast7,500wordsbutunder17,500words.(25-60pages)Novella

（中篇小说）:Aworkofatleast17,500wordsbutunder50,000words.(60-170pages)Novel

（长篇小说）:Aworkof50,000wordsormore.(about170+pages)Epic

（史诗）:Aworkof200,000wordsormore.(about680+pages)WhatisLiterature-Non-FictionNon-fiction

isanaccountorrepresentationofasubjectwhichispresentedasfact.Thispresentationmaybeaccurateornot;thatis,itcangiveeitheratrueorafalseaccountofthesubjectinquestion.However,itisgenerallyassumedthattheauthorsofsuchaccountsbelievethemtobetruthfulatthetimeoftheircomposition.Non-fictionNon-fictionisoneofthetwomaindivisionsinwriting,particularlyusedinlibraries,theotherbeingfiction.However,non-fictionneednotbewrittentextnecessarily,sincepicturesandfilmcanalsopurporttopresentafactualaccountofasubject.Typesofnon-fiction

Autobiography

Biography

Blueprint

Bookreport

Creativenonfiction

Designdocument

Diagram

Diary

Dictionary

Documentaryfilm

Encyclopedia

Essay

HistoryJournal

Journalism

Letter

Literarycriticism

Memoir

Naturalhistory

Philosophy

Photograph

Sciencebook

Scientificpaper

Textbook

Travelogue

Usermanual

Modern&ContemporaryChineseLiteratureModern

PeriodLateQing(1895-1911)RepublicanEra(1911-1949)ContemporaryPeriodMaoistEra(1949-1976)Post-Mao(1976-present)ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureLateQing(1895-1911)ScholarsnowtendtoagreethatmodernChineseliteraturedidnoteruptsuddenlyintheNewCultureMovement(五四新文化运动）(1917-23).Instead,theytraceitsoriginsbackatleasttothelateQingperiod(1895-1911).ThelateQingwasaperiodofintellectualfermentsparkedbyasenseofnationalcrisis.

ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureWhatisnationalcrisisinlateQingPeriod?ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureIntellectualsbegantoseeksolutionstoChina'sproblemsoutsideofitsowntradition.Whatdidtheydo?GoingtotheWar?Or???ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureTheytranslatedworksofWesternexpositorywritingandliterature,whichfascinatedreaderswithnewideasandopenedupwindowsontonewexoticcultures.WhatkindofnewideaswereintroducedtoChinaatthattime?Pleaselistafew.ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureExpositorywriting

isarhetoricalmodeofwritinginwhichthepurposeoftheauthoristoinform,explain,describe,ordefinehisorhersubjecttothereader.Expositorytextismeantto‘expose’informationandisthemostfrequentlyusedtypeofwritingbystudentsincollegesanduniversities.Awell-writtenexpositionremainsfocusedonitstopicandlistingeventsinchronologicalorder.ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureWecantranslateexpositorywritingintoChinese“学术文章/著作Pleaselist5expositorywritings/bookstranslatedandpublishedbyChinesescholarsinthelateQingperiod.ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureMostoutstandingwerethetranslationsofYanFu(严复)(1864-1921)andLinShu(林纾)(1852-1924).Inthisclimate,aboominthewritingoffictionoccurred,especiallyafterthe1905abolishmentofthecivilserviceexamination

(科举考试）whenliteratistruggledtofillnewsocialandculturalrolesforthemselves.

ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureStylistically

（风格上）,thisfictionshowssignsofboththeChinesenovelistic

traditionalandWesternnarrativemodes（叙述模式）.Insubject

（主题）

matter,itisstrikinglyconcernedwiththecontemporary:socialproblems,historicalupheavals,changingethicalvalues,etc.Inthissense,lateQingfictionismodern.ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureMorespecificallyOrdinarypeople’sdailylife,notemperor'slife,notroyalfamilies’life,notgenerals’life,notlifeofprince&princessDailylanguage/vernacular

language

（白话文）notwritten/classicallanguage(古文）ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureLiteratureforsomethingorliteratureforpeople（文以载道，文学为人生）Notliteraturefornothing(打倒山林文学）ABriefHistoryofModernChineseLiteratureImportantnovelistsincludeWuWoyao(吴沃尧)(1866–1