考研《英语一》2023年菏泽市鄄城县高分通关卷含解析VIP

考研《英语一》2023年菏泽市鄄城县高分通关卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WilliamButlerYeats,amostfamousIrishwriter,wasborninDublinonJune13,1865.Hischildhood1theharmonythatwas2ofahappyfamily.Later,Yeatsshockedhisfamilybysayingthatheremembered“littleofchildhoodbutitspain”.Infact,he3excellenttasteinartfromhisfamily—bothhisfatherandhisbrotherwerepainters.Buthefinally4literature,5dramaandpoetry.Yeatshadstrong6inthecomingofnewartisticmovements.Hesethimselfthe7taskinfoundinganIrishnationaltheatreinthelate1890s.Hisearlytheatricalexperiments,8,werenotreceived9atthebeginning.Hedidn’tloseheart,andfinallyenjoyed10inhispoeticaldrama.11withhisdramaticworks,Yeats’spoemsattractmuch12notice.Thesubjectmatterincludeslove,nature,history,timeandaging.ThoughYeatsgenerallyreliedonverytraditionalforms,hebroughtmodern13tothem.Ashisliterarylife14,hispoetrygrewfinerandricher,whichledhimtoworldwide15.Hehadnot16amajorpubliclife17winningtheNobelPrizein1923.Yet,hecontinuedwritingalmosttotheendofhislife.HadYeatsstoppedwritingatage40,hewouldprobablynowbe18asaminorpoet,forthereisnootherexampleinliteraryhistoryofapoetwho19hisgreatestworksbetweentheagesof50and75.AfterYeats’sdeathin1939,W.H.Audenwrote,amongothers,thefollowinglines:Earth,receivean20guest:WilliamYeatsislaidtorest.LettheIrishvessel(船)lie.Emptiedofitspoetry.1、A．held B．lacked C．expected D．desired2、A．typical B．special C．awkward D．capable3、A．inherited B．developed C．abandoned D．formed4、A．carriedon B．decidedon C．puton D．basedon5、A．regularly B．instantly C．particularly D．finally6、A．desire B．energy C．access D．faith7、A．fresh B．stupid C．small D．difficult8、A．therefore B．however C．besides D．furthermore9、A．possibly B．honorably C．favorably D．doubtfully10、A．failure B．fame C．pleasure D．success11、A．Connected B．Occupied C．Compared D．Tired12、A．admiring B．amusing C．amazing D．envying13、A．potential B．sensibility C．possibility D．benefit14、A．finished B．produced C．created D．progressed15、A．praise B．spread C．recognition D．assessment16、A．enjoyed B．accepted C．purchased D．taken17、A．before B．since C．until D．after18、A．respected B．admired C．valued D．favored19、A．prohibits B．attempts C．recommends D．produces20、A．appealed B．advocated C．advanced D．honoredSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Travelisoneofthemostexcitingexperiencesahumanbeingcanhave.ImaginehowItaliantravelerMarcoPolomusthavefeltwhenhefoundhimselfonChinesesoil,seeingawayoflifequitedifferentfromanythinghe’dseenbefore.AndhowmarvelousmustithavebeentolistentoZhangQianwhenhereturnedtoChinafromhisjourneythroughCentralAsiaandWestAsia?Hisbrainmusthavebeenpackedwitheverythinghe’dseenandheard,leadingtothefoundingoftheSilkRoad.Somepeoplehavetraveledallovertheworld,andtravelisawayoflifetothem.Theyperhapsknowwhattoexpectbeforetheytravel.That’swhythebesttraveliswhenit’sforthefirsttime.ImagineapersonwhohasalwayswantedtotraveltotheUnitedStates.Ofcourse,they’veprobablyseentheStatueofLibertyathousandtimesonTV,andtheWhiteHouse,andalltheotherfamoussights.Butnoneofthatwouldcomparetothethrilloflookingoutofthecabinwindowastheplanelands,watchingthecitiesandstreetsoftherealAmericacomeintoview.Althoughtravelisoftenjustforrecreation,it’salsoeducational.Wemaynotknowthatwearegettinganeducation,butwestillare.We’relearningeveryday:newwordsinanewlanguage,newpeople,andnewwaysoflife.Butthislearningtakesplaceintheschooloftheworld,nottheclassroom.Oneofthelessonswelearnisundoubtedlyamoralone.Aswegettoknowforeignplaces,wecometounderstandthattherearemanydifferentwaystolive,andthatthewayweliveisn’tnecessarilythebestway.TheBritishpoliticianBenjaminDisraelisummedthisupwellwhenhesaid,“Travelteachestoleration.”1、TheauthorusesMarcoPoloandZhangQianasexamplesto.A．explainhowtheSilkRoadwasfoundedB．presenttravelasanamazingexperienceC．showhowthewaypeopletravelhaschangedD．describeimportantculturalexchangesinhistory2、Bysaying“thebesttraveliswhenit’sforthefirsttime”,theauthormeansthat.A．one’sfirsttripisusuallythemostchallengingB．noothertripisbetterthanone’sfirsttripC．thereisalwaysmuchtolearnonone’sfirsttripD．peopleusuallymakebetterpreparationsfortheirfirsttrip3、Theunderlinedwordinparagraph4probablymeans.A．learningB．knowledgeC．funD．risk4、Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorbelievesthat.A．travelingshouldbeincludedinformaleducationB．travelingimprovespeople’sconfidenceintheirlifestyleC．aforeignjourneymayraisepeople’sculturalunderstandingD．thereismoretolearnfromadventuresthanbeinginclassroomText2Ineverseenthenightnorseenastar;I’veseenneitherspringnorfallnorwinter.IwasbornattheendoftheReiningAge(刹车时代),justastheEarth’srotation(旋转)wascomingtoafinalstop.TheReininglastedfor42years,threeyearslongerthantheUnityGovernmenthadplanned.Mymotheroncetoldmeaboutthetimeourfamilywitnessedthelastsunset.TheSunhadeversoslowlycrepttowardthehorizon,almostasifithadstoppedmovingaltogether.Intheend,ittookthreedaysandthreenightstofinallyset.Naturally,thatwastheendofall“days”andall“nights”.TheEasternHemisphere(半球)wascoveredinweaklightforalongtimethen,perhapsforadozenyearsorso—withtheSunhidingjustbeyondthehorizon—itsraysreflectedbyhalfofthesky.ItwasduringthatlongsunsetthatIwasborn.Duskdidnotmeandarkness.TheNorthernHemispherewaslitupbytheEarthEngines.ThesegiantengineshadbeenraisedallacrossAsiaandNorthAmerica;onlythesolidplatesbeneaththosetwocontinentscouldresistthegreatpushingforcestheyexerted.Therewereabout12,000EarthEnginesbuiltanddistributedacrosstheAsianandAmericanplains.FrommyhomeIcouldseethebrightplasmaplumes(等离子气柱)ofseveralhundredEarthEngines.Justimagineatitanicpalace,oneaslargeastheParthenonontheAcropolis.Nowimaginecountlesstitanicpillarsrisingfromthatpalace,reachingtotheheavens,eachreleasingbrilliant,bluish-whitelightlikeatitanicshiningtube.Andthenthereisyou;youareamicrobeonthepalace’sfloor.Thisonlybeginstopaintthepictureoftheworldwelivedin.Thispicture,however,isnotyetcomplete.Inordertosurvivethemeltingtemperatureoftheexpandingsun,wehavetopushtheEarthawayfromit.First,theEarthmustbestoppedfromrotating.Onlytheforcesactingtangentially(正切地)totheEarth’srotationcouldslowit,sotheEarthEngineshadtobebuilttoaspecificangle.Thosegiganticpillarsoflightwereleaningtothatangle.Nowimaginewhatthatmeantforourpalace,withitspillarsallleaningonthepointoffallingdown!ManywhocamefromtheSouthernHemispherewentmadwhensuddenlyseeingthisawesomeview.WorsethantheviewwastheburningheatreleasedbytheEarthEngines.Outdoorsthetemperaturewasstuckataround160to180degrees,forcingustowearspecialsuitsjusttoleavethehouse.Theextremelyhightemperaturesoftenbroughtpouringrains.ItwasalwaysaterrifyingscenewhenthebeamofanEarthEnginecutthroughdarkclouds.Thecloudsscatteredthebrilliant,bluish-whitelightofthebeam,eruptingitintoendlessrainbowlightthatcoveredtheentireskylikewhite-hotmagma(岩浆).Tomygeneration,bornintheNorthernHemisphere,allofthiswasperfectlynormalandnatural,justliketheSun,starsandMoonhadbeentogenerationsbeforetheReiningAge.WecalledtheentirehistoryofthehumanracethathadcomebeforeusthePre-SolarAge;whatafascinatingandgoldenerathathadtrulybeen!TheReiningAgelefttheearthwithahorrifyingresult.Theseatides,quickenedbytheEarthEngines,hadswallowedtwooutofeverythreecitiesintheNorthernHemisphere;thentheglobalincreaseintemperaturesmeltedthepolaricecap,resultinginfloodsthatspreadtotheSouthernHemisphere.Thirtyyearsearliermygrandfatherhadwitnessedgiant300-footwavesthathadengulfedShanghai.Evennow,hecouldnevertellusaboutitwithouthisgazeslippingintoathousand-milestare.Ourplanethadalreadychangedbeyondrecognitionbeforeitevensetoutonitsjourney.Whoknewwhathardshipswerewaitingforusonourlongtravelsthroughouterspace?1、Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasborn?A．Theearthhadstoppedturningforforty-twoyears.B．Thesunwasmakingitslastfalltowardsthehorizon.C．AlltheEarthEngineshadnotbeenfinished.D．Hisfamilyweresufferingfromthesummerhotness.2、WhichofthefollowingabouttheEarthEnginesisright?A．TheywerebuiltinAsiaandNorthAmericaduetotheirhugenumberandweight.B．Theirlightandheatprovidednecessaryenergyforpeopletosurvive.C．Theywereallbuilttopointstraightupwardtotheskytostoptheearthrotating.D．Theirexistencebroughtbothopportunitiesandinconveniencetopeopleontheearth.3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A．PeoplebornintheSouthernHemispherecouldenjoyfourdifferentseasons.B．TheauthormissedhisPre-SolarAgelifestyleverymuch.C．GrandfatherwouldneverforgetthesceneofShanghaibeingswallowed.D．Theauthorwasdiscouragedbutoptimisticaboutthefutureoftheearth.4、Inthisexcerpt(节选)wecanclearlyseethattheauthorisgoodat__________.A．describingmentalactivities B．visualizingvividscenesC．doingexperimentalanalysis D．expressingpersonalbelief5、Thisexcerptisapartof__________.A．adocumentarynovel B．anacademicessayC．ascientificresearchreport D．asciencefiction6、Whatisthebesttitleofthischapter?A．TheLastSunset B．TheEarthEngines C．TheReiningAge D．ThePost-SolarLifeText3Thehealthofmillionscouldbeatriskbecausesuppliesofmedicinalplantsarebeingusedup.Theseplantsareusedtomaketraditionalmedicine,includingdrugstofightcancer.“Thelossofmedicinalplantsisaquietdisaster,”saysSaraOldfield,secretarygeneraloftheNGOBotanicGardensConservationInternational.Mostpeopleworldwiderelyonherbal(药草制的)medicineswhicharegotmostlyfromwildplants.Butsome15,000ofthe50,000medicinalspeciesareunderthreatofdyingout,accordingtoreportfromtheinternationalconservationgroupPlantlife.ShortageshavebeenreportedinChina,India,Kenya,Nepal,TanzaniaandUganda.Over-harvestingdoesthemostharm,thoughpollutionandcompetitionfrominvasivespecies(入侵物种)andhabitatdestructionallcontribute.Businessmengenerallyharvestmedicinalplants,notcaringaboutsustainability(可持续性),”thePlantlifereportsays,“damageisseriouspartlybecausetheyhavenoideaaboutit,butitismainlybecausesuchcollectionisunorganized”.MedicinaltreesatriskincludetheHimalayanyew(紫衫)andtheAfricancherry,whichareusedtotreatsomecancers.Thesolution,saysthereport’sauthor,AlanHamilton,istoencouragelocalpeopletoprotecttheseplants.TenprojectsstudiedbyPlantlifeinIndia,Pakistan,China,Nepal,UgandaandKenyashowedthismethodcansucceed.InUganda,theprojecthaskeptasustainablesupplyoflow-costcancertreatments,andinChinaapublic-runmedicinalplantprojecthasbeencreatedforthefirsttime.”“Improvinghealth,earninganincomeandkeepingculturaltraditionsareimportantinencouragingpeopletoprotectmedicinalplants,”saysHamilton,“Youhavetopayattentiontowhatpeopleareinterestedin.”GhilleanPrance,theformerdirectoroftheRoyalBotanicGardensatKewinLondon,agreesthatmedicinalplantsareinneedofprotection.“Notnearlyenoughisbeingdone,”hetoldNewScientist.“Wearedestroyingtheveryplantsthatareofmostusetous.”1、Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanlearnthat________.A．millionsofpeoplearethreatenedwithcancerB．mostcountriesseeashortageofherbalmedicinesC．abouttwothirdsofmedicinalspecieswilldisappearD．anumberofmedicinalspeciesareindangerofextinction2、Themajorfactorthatcausesthedecreasingofsuppliesofmedicinalplantsis________.A．over-harvestingB．habitatdestructionC．pollutionD．invasivespecies3、Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3refersto________.A．pollutionB．otherspecies’invasionC．sustainabilityD．over-harvesting4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Protectingmedicinalplantshasalongwaytogo.B．Localpeopledon’tknowhowtoprotectmedicinalplants.C．GhilleanPranceisoptimisticaboutmedicinalplants’future.D．Chinahasmadegreatprogressinprotectingmedicinalplants.Text4Ifyouwanttoconvincethebossyoudeserveapayriseorpromotion,thesolutioncouldbesimple—eatthesamefoodastheydo.Psychologistshavediscoveredmanagersaremuchmorelikelytoinstantlytrustusifwechoosethesamedishesasthem.Duringexperiments,discussionsoverwagesandworkconditionsweremuchmoresuccessfulifbothsideschosetosnackonthesametreats.AndshoppersweremuchmorelikelytobuyaproductadvertisedonTVbysomeoneeatingasimilarfoodtothematthetime.Thereasonisthoughttobeso-calledsimilarityattractiontheory—wherepeopletendtolikeotherswhohavesimilartastesorhabitstothemselves.Butthisisbelievedtobeoneofthefirststudieshighlightingtheroleoffoodinthisrelationship.Researchersat

Chicago

University

inthe

US

conductedaseriesofexperimentstoexaminefood’sroleinearningtrust.Inatest,participantsweretoldtowatchTV—wheresomeonepretendingtobeamemberofthepublicpraisedacertainproduct.ThevolunteersweregivenKitKatbarstonibble(咬),whiletheTVpeopleateeitheraKitKatorgrapesastheytalked.TheresultsshowedviewersweremuchmorelikelytoexpressaninterestinbuyingtheproductiftheTVshowedtheotherpersoneatingaKitKattoo.Theresearchersadded,“Althoughsimilarityinfoodconsumptionisnotasignofwhethertwopeoplewillgetalong,wefindconsumerstreatthisassuch.Theyfeelmoretrustingofthosewhoconsumeastheydo.Itmeanspeoplecanimmediatelybegintofeelfriendshipanddevelopabond,leadingtosmoothertransactions(交易)fromthestart.”HarleyStreet

psychologistDr.LucyAtchesonsaiditwasalreadyknownthatwearingsimilarclothescouldinstantlycreatetrust.Butthiswasthefirstreportthatfoodhadthesameeffect.Shesaid,“Thisisreallyinteresting.Itmakessenseaspeoplefeeltheyhavecommongroundandcantrusttheotherperson.Thatmeansnegotiationsaremorelikelytobesuccessful.”1、Accordingtothepassage,customersarelikelytobuyaproductfromadealerwho______.A．hasthesametasteasthemB．advertiseshisproductsonTVC．reducesthepriceofhisproductsD．paysattentiontothequalityofhisproducts2、Theexperimentsconductedbyresearchersat

Chicago

University

showthat______.A．foodplaysanimportantroleinearningpeople’strustB．bosseslikeemployeesthathavethesametasteasthemC．peoplewhohavesimilartastestotheirboss’searnmoreD．peoplehavelessinterestinbuyingproductsadvertisedonTV3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Peoplewhoeatsimilarfoodaremorelikelytotrusteachother.B．Peoplewillgetalongwitheachotheriftheyliketoeatsimilarthings.C．Theeffectofwearingsimilarclotheshasn’tbeenprovedbyresearchers.D．Peoplearemorelikelytomakefriendswiththosewearingthesameclothesasthem.4、Whichofthefollowingsayingscanbeanexampleofthesimilarityattractiontheory?A．Honestyisthebestpolicy.B．Allgoodthingscometoanend.C．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.D．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)YongHuiearnedherlivingby1．(manage)arestaurant,whichservedguestswithvegetablesandfruit,suchascarrots,2．(peach)andsoonHermenuwas3．(limit)Butherfoodsbenefitedcustomers’4．(digest)themostAtthebeginning,she5．(run)herrestaurantverywellButafterWangPeng’sspying6．hermenu,herguestshardlycameandshewasindebtShehadtoconsult7．expertTheexpertsighedandsaid,“WangPeng’srestaurantmadehiscustomersputonweight8．(easy),and9．(you)madepeoplebecometooslimYoushouldcutdownvegetablesandfruitandincreasefatandenergy-givingfood10．Isuggestistocombinethetwomenusofyourrestaurants”YongHuiadoptedhisadviceBeforelong,sheachievedhersuccessFireworksmayseemlikeaveryAmericantradition,1．(especial)onthe4thofJulyButfireworksgobackmanyyearsbeforethefirstAmericanIndependenceDaycelebration,whichtookplacein1777,inPhiladelphia,PennsylvaniaThe2．(early)Fireworkscandatebacktoaround2,000yearsagoinChinaPeoplethen3．(say)tohaveroastedbamboostalks(茎)ThestalksturnedblackandmadesoundsTheairinsidethehollow(空的)stalkswouldexplodeBaozhuisaMandarinChineseword4．firecrackerItmeans“explodingbamboo”YearslaterChinesechemiststookfireworksastepfurtherThis5．(happen)sometimebetween600and900ADPeoplefilledbamboowithgunpowderTheythrewitintoafireSteeldustorironshavingswereadded6．(make)themsparkle(冒火花)InChina,thesefirecrackerswereoftenusedin7．(tradition)celebrationsInthe13thcentury,fireworksspreadtoEuropeInthecenturiesthatfollowed,8．(European)startedmovingtoNorthAmericaSoitwasnosurprisethatwhenJuly4thbegantobecelebratedasAmerica’sIndependenceDay，fireworks9．wereinventedbyChinesepeoplewitnessed10．greatmomentaspartoftheplanToday,fireworksareanestablishedJuly4thtraditionWillyouseeafireworksdisplaythisIndependenceDay?SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)BecomingRefreshedwithoutsleepingSometimesthereisjustnotenoughhoursinthedaytogeteverythingdoneandgetagoodnight’srest.1、Onceinawhileyoucangetawaywithasleeplessnightandstillfeelreasonablygoodbyadjustingyourmealsandactivities.2、Thelastthingyouwanttodowhenyouaretiredisgetwarmandcozy,thiswillcauseyoutofallasleep.Keepingtheairconditioneronwillmakeyoufeelmuchmorealertandrefreshed.Eatsmallamounts.Eatingsmallamountsofhealthyfoodwillhelprefreshyou.Fruitandnutsareagoodchoicebecausetheyarenutritiousandwillenergizeyou3、Trytosticktolowcarbonmealstokeepyougoing.Chewinggumafteryoursnackorsmallmealwillalsohelpkeepyouawake.Keepitbright.Whenitisdarkyourbodythinksitistimetogotosleep.Turnonlotsoflights,whichwilltrickyourbodyintowakingupandfeelingbetter.4、Yougetdoublethebenefitsifitisdaytime.Takeabreak.Takingalittlebreakwillhelpyouinthelongrun.Turnupsomeenergizingmusictogetyourselfpositive.Relaxandtalktoafriendinpersonoronthephoneforafewminutes.5、A．KeepitcoolB．CalmdownandsleepC．Avoidbig,heavymealsastheywillmakeyoutiredD．GoingoutsidewhetheritisdayornightforsomefreshairE.MissingsleepregularlycanmakeyousickandshouldbeavoidedF.Whenyouaretired,youmayjustwanttositaroundanddonothingG.Havingagoodtimeforafewminuteswillrefreshyouquickerthananythi