虚拟语气复习

lesson3找出所有的条件状语从句If引导的条件句a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句

表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设,采用虚拟语气。条件句真实条件句主将从现虚拟语气与现在事实相反从：If+主语+动词的过去式（did/were)主：would/should/could/might+do

与过去事实相反从：If+主语+haddone主：would/should/could/might+havedone

与将来事实相反从：did/were/weretodo/shoulddo;主：would/should/could/might+do

5minsasif/asthough/wish/ifonly/evenif/eventhough虚拟语气的常考形式：1.

if引导的虚拟条件句2.错综时间虚拟条件句3.(if省略)倒装虚拟条件句4.含蓄条件句5.”建议/命令/要求“虚拟6.固定句式1.IfI________(see)itwithmyowneyes,iwouldn'thavebelievedit.2.ifMr.Dewey__________(be)present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.3.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI

_______(have)time,iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.4.IfI_______(be)you,Iwouldaskourteacherforadvice.5.Nothingwouldhavesavedhimevenifhe____________(tend)withoutdelay.

hadn'tseenhadbeenhadwerehadbeentended6.Iwishit

__________(rain)

tomorrow.7.Ifonlyproblems__________(come)oneatatime.8.HespeaksEnglishasifhe___________(study)inEnglandbefore.9.It___________(be)coolifIwonthiscontest.Idon'tthinkI'mgoodenough,though.10.Ifyou___________(ask)himyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.wouldrainwouldcomehadstudiedwouldbehadasked

2.错综时间条件句

if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)If+主语+had+动词的过去分词即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形错综时间条件句错综时间条件句2.

错综时间虚拟条件句即：if虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。1).Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）2).IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）3).Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）1.IfI_________(be)you,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.2.Ifit__________(snow)lastnight,itwouldbeverycoldtoday.3.IfI_________(work)hard,Iwouldbelivingahappylifenow.4.Hadyou_________(study)harderlastterm,youcouldhavepassedtheexam.

werehadsnowedhadworkedstudied3.省略if的用法：在虚拟条件句中，如果条件句中有were,had（助动词）或should时，可使用倒装结构，但if必须省略。

1).HadIseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.=IfIhadseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.2).ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfIshouldhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.3).WereInotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfIwerenotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.(5)含蓄条件句，有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，用介词短语代替条件状语从句．常用的介词有with,without,butfor等。如：1.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?2.Wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.3.Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.=Ifyouhadamilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?=Ifwehadn’tgotyourhelp/Ifyouhadn’thelpedus,…=Ifithadn’tbeenfortherain,…(4)Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.（副词）(5)Hetelephonedtotellmeofyourbirthday,or/otherwiseIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.（连词）陈述语气虚拟语气陈述语气虚拟语气5.“建议/命令/要求”虚拟(1)V+宾语从句（should）+do建议：suggest,propose,advise命令:order,commend要求:ask,request,require,demand,desire(希求),prefer,主张:insist(坚持要求),maintain,hold,urgee.g.Isuggestthatshe(should)stayathome.

(2)N+同位语从句(should)+doN+is+表语从句(should)+dosuggestion/requirement/desire/necessity/recommendation/wish/decision/proposal/demand/….e.g.Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingforsighting.=thesuggestionisthatwe(should)gotoBeijing…=Isuggestthatwe(should)gotoBeijing.=ItissuggestedthatweshouldgotoBeijing.(3)Itis+adj.+主语从句(should)+doIt+is+suggested/desired/required+that…(should)+doe.g.Itissuggestedthatyou(should)finishthefirststep.

7.固定句式.Itis(high/about)time

(that)“是时候…...(做某事)”

注意:should不能省略．sbdidsbshoulddo是时候采取措施来保护环境了。Itis(high/about)timethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.你该走了。It’s(high/about)timethatyouwent/shouldgo.2.wouldratherthat现在：过去：未来：过去时过去完成时过去时（1）Iwouldratheryou

paid

menow.（2）Iwouldratheryou

hadgone,too.（3）Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou

came

tomorrow.3.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause

从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形如：Itisimportantthatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatwe

shouldstudy

hard.TomandPeteraretwins.Theylookasifthey1._________(be)thesameperson.Boththetwoboysaresmart,butTomishard-workingwhilePeterdoesn't.However,peoplebelieveifPeter2._______(work)ashardasTom,hewoulddoaswellashisbrotherinhisstudy.Athome,theirparentssuggestthatthey3.___________(finish)theirhomeworkbeforeplayingcomputergames.ButPeterinsiststhatit4.________(be)OKtoplaygamesfirstaslongashecanhandinhishomeworkintime.Theirmothergivesinintheend.Oneday,whendoinghishomework,Tomfoundhemadeaseriousmistake.Soheputhisexercisebookasideandusedanotherone.Whenpeterfoundthepreviousexercisebook,hestruckoutTom'snameandsighedhisnameonitscoverhappily,andhandeditin