2020-2021年八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结和题型总结(word)

2020-2021年八年级英语下册语法填空知识点总结和题型总结（word）一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填上适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Birthdayisanimportantdayinone'slife,especiallyforchildren.For365daysthechildwaitsforthatspecialdaybecausehe'llbecomeoneyear________（old）.Birthdayisalsothebesttime________（have）apartywithyourfriendsandfamilymembers.Tohave________differentbirthdayparty,youhavetopreparelotsof________

（thing）.Youshouldgeteverythingready.Youmayinviteyoufriends________（come）tothepartybecauseyouhopetocelebratethemeaningfuldaywiththeonesyoulove.It'sbest________（send）somebeautifulbirthdayinvitationcardstothem.There________（be）manywaysforyoutohavetheinvitationcards.Youcanbuysomeinvitationcardsintheshopsorchoosesomee-cardsontheInternet.________

youhavetime,youcanevenmakecardsby________（you）.Theywillshowyoureffort（努力）toinvitefriends.I'm________

（sure）peoplewouldbehappytoreceive（收到）thosehand-makecards.【答案】order；tohave；a；things；tocome；tosend；are；if；yourself；sure【解析】【分析】本文介绍了生日聚会的信息，同时介绍了制作生日卡片邀请人们参加聚会。（1）句意：365天，孩子们一直在等待这一天因为他将要大一岁。根据此处描述的是比以前大一岁，用比较级，填入older，故答案为older。（2）句意：生日是和朋友和家人一起开聚会最好的时光。根据短语itisthebesttimetodosth，是做某事的最好时间，填入tohave，故答案为tohave。（3）句意：为了有一个不一样的生日派对。根据短语，haveaparty，开聚会，可知填入a。（4）句意：你需要准备很多东西。根据lotsof后面加名词复数，填入things，故答案为things。（5）句意你可以邀请你的朋友来参加聚会。根据短语，invitesbtodosth，邀请某人做某事，可知，空缺处填入toinvite，故答案为toinvite。（6）句意：最好送一些美丽的生日邀请卡给他们。根据短语itisbesttodosth，最好做某事，故填入tosend，故答案为tosend。（7）句意：有很多种渠道方式可以使你买到邀请卡片。根据therebe句型可知，空缺处填入are，由于ways为复数，故be动词用复数，故答案为are。（8）句意：如果你有时间。根据句意可知，该句型构成条件从句，填入If，故答案为If。（9）句意：你甚至可以自己做卡片。根据句子意思可知，空缺处为靠你自己，短语，byyourself，故答案为yourself。（10）句意：我肯定人们会很高兴收到手工制作的卡片。根据句型I'msure+句子，可知空缺处填入sure，故答案为sure。【点评】本文考查了语法填空，做此类题，首先通读文章，了解文章大意，然后结合语法结构，填写出词汇的正确形式，即可。2．根据短文内容及括号内所给单词的提示填空

Mrs.Blackhasthreedaughters.Sueisthe________

（young）ofthethree.Sheis________（outgoing）thanhertwosisters.Shealwaystellssomefunnyjokes________

（make）peoplelaugh.Atschool,herteacherthinksthatSueisthe________

（hard-working）studentandthatshedoesthingthe________

（carefully）.

Suehasadreamshewant________

（be）areporter.Toachieve（实现）herdream,Suemakesaplan.Firstshedecides________

（join）thewritingClubtopracticewriting.Second,shetries________

（talk）withherpenfriendsindifferentlanguages.Tomeetmorepeopleandtalkwiththem,Sueplans________（work）insomepublic（公共的）places.I'msureshewillbeoneofthe________

（famous）reportersintheworld.Goodlucktoher!3．语法填空

Anartistpaintedmanypicturesofgreatbeauty.Buthefoundthathehadnotyetpainteda"real"picture.

Hebeganhistriptolook________

themostbeautifulthingintheworld.________theway,hemetanagedpriest（神父）who________

（ask）himwherehewasgoing."Idon'tknow,"saidtheartist."Iwant

________

（paint）themostbeautifulthingintheworld.Perhapsyoucandirectmetoit.""Howeasy,"repliedthepriest."Inanychurch,youwillfindit'Faith'（信仰,信任）isthemostbeautifulthingintheworld."

Theartisttraveledon.

________

（late）,ayoungmothertoldhimthemostbeautifulthingis"Love".

"Love"________

（make）theworldgoround.Withoutlovethereisnobeauty.

Stilltheartistcontinuedhissearch.Heaskedasoldierthesamequestionandhisanswerwas"Peace".Hesaid,"Warisuglyandwhereveryoufindpeace,youwillfindbeauty,faithandlove."

"HowcanIpaintallof

________

（they）—Faith,LoveandPeace?"Hethoughtandthought.Hewassurprisedthatwithout________

（think）wherehewasgoing,hehadgottohisfamiliarplace.Inthe________

（face）ofhiswifeandchildren,hesawLoveandFaith."Wearethinkingofyouallthetime.Weprayed（祈祷）youwouldreturntoussafely,"saidhiswife.Theartistsatonhisfavouriteoldchairandhisheartwasatpeace.

Theartistpaintedthemostbeautifulthingintheworldand________

（call）it"Home".4．语法填空

Everyone,rich________

poor,canhavehappiness.Youdon'tneedtothinktoomuch________

thoserichpeople.Theymayalwaysfeel________

（lone）becausetheirhousesarctoobig,andtheymaywant________

（walk）oncountryroadsbecausetheydrivetoworkeverydayinthebusycity.

Infact,happinessisalwaysaroundyou.Whenyouareunhappy,your________

（friend）willcometohelpyouandthiswillsurely________

（make）youhappy.

Whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,youwillgetgoodgrades________

ofcourseyouwillfeelhappyaboutit.Ifyoudon'tfeel________

（good,yourparentswilltakegoodcareofyouandyouwillbehappy.Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouarehappy________

youmayhavesomethingelsethatmoneycan'tbuy.Whenyouhaveproblems,say________

（loud）thatyouarehappybecauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Thenyoucansucceedinwhatyoudoandthismaybringyouhappiness.5．【答案】was；started；left；met；myself；anyone；decided；takes；studies；get【解析】【分析】本文介绍作者和朋友比尔的友谊。⑴句意：他于2005年出生在纽约。根据in2005可知用一般过去时，故答案为was。⑵句意：7岁的时候，他开始上学。根据时间attheageofseven可知用一般过去时，故答案为started。⑶句意：当他11岁的时候，他和父母离开纽约搬到了华盛顿特区。根据Whenhewaseleven和andmoved可知此处用一般过去时，故答案为left。⑷句意：在他的新学校，他遇到了我，成为了我的同桌。根据下文的became和上文的动词moved等可知此处用一般过去时，故答案为met。⑸句意：因为发生了一些糟糕的事情，那时我不开心。短语：enjoyoneself玩得开心，所以用反身代词，故答案为myself。⑹句意：我不想跟任何人说话。anyone，任何人。故答案为anyone。⑺句意：我决定跟他讲一些事。之后比尔成了我的好朋友。根据上下文可知此处用一般过去时，故答案为decided。⑻句意：每天，他和我乘地铁上学。根据前一句的now和本句的everyday可知此处用一般现在时，he是第三人称单数，故答案为takes。⑼句意：像我一样，他努力学习，努力锻炼。根据exercises可知此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故答案为studies。⑽句意：我们总是取得好成绩。always是一般现在时的标志，故答案为get。【点评】本题考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，加强词汇记忆以及学会灵活词性转换。6．【答案】written；since；them；in；friendly；songs；an；saw；photos；know【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一封书信，介绍自己在外国学习的情况，其中包括结交了一些不同国籍的朋友，寄宿家庭的情况。（1）句意：我到现在才写。write，书写；因前面haven't，其后要用过去分词形式，故填written。（2）句意：当我来到这里的时候一直忙于课程和交新朋友。根据上文的tillnow，可知已经来了很久了，因此一直在交朋友，根据havedone，可知是过去完成时，因此连词用since，自从……，故填since。（3）句意：我一直和同学们讲英语，晚上和他们一起出去。they，他们；因前面有介词with，要用宾格形式，故填them。（4）句意：我们用英语谈论各种事情，我也学到了很多其他语言和国家的知识。固定短语inEnglish，用英语，故填in。（5）句意：父母很友善。friend，朋友；由kind可知此句需要形容词，表示有好的，故填friendly。（6）句意：我现在对所有的歌曲都心中有数了！song，歌曲，可数名词。由句中的all可知此句要用复数形式，故填songs。（7）句意：有一座古堡，我们下周要去那里。ancient，古老的，第一个音素是元音音素，故填an。（8）句意：我们看到一个魔术师在玩纸牌游戏，真是太有趣了！see，动词，看到；根据语句itwassomuchfun!可知此句要用一般过去时，故填saw。（9）句意：下次我会给你寄一些爱丁堡城堡的照片。photo，照片，可数名词；由some提示可知此句要用复数形式，故填photos。（10）句意：保重，让我知道你在做什么。固定结构letsbdosth，让某人做某事；故填know。【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。7．【答案】around；call；The；kilometers；our；bigger；but；on；or；life【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文介绍了太阳系的八颗行星和太阳。（1）句意：他和其它七个行星绕着太阳转。goaround，绕着……转，故答案为：around。（2）句意：我们成这八颗行星和太阳为太阳系。这是客观事实，句子时态是一般现在时，句子主语是we，谓语动词用原形，故答案为：call。（3）句意：第一颗行星，挨着太阳，是水星。序数词前使用定冠词the,表示顺序，故答案为：the。（4）句意：他距离太阳5千八百万千米。kilometer，千米，可数名词，58million后跟可数名词复数，故答案为：kilometers。（5）句意：金星是太阳的第二颗行星，我们的行星。planet行星，可数名词，前面缺少修饰词，we人称代词，our我们的，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故答案为：our。​​​​​​​（6）句意：金星、土星、海王星和天王星都比地球大，根据比较词than可知此处用比较级结构，故答案为：bigger。（7）句意：但是金星、火星和水星比地球小。前面介绍比地球大的行星，此处介绍比地球小的行星，可知两者之间是转折关系，关系词用but，故答案为：but。​​​​​​​（8）句意：动物、树和人类只能居住在地球上——我们太阳系的其它行星没有空气和水。在地球上用介词on，故答案为：on。（9）句意：动物、树和人类只能居住在地球上——我们太阳系的其它行星没有空气和水。在否定句中表示“和”，用连词or，故答案为：or。​​​​​​​（10）句意：在太阳系有其它的行星有生命吗？life，生命，不可数名词，故答案为：life。【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先阅读短文，了解短文大意。然后根据英语语法知识和上下文的联系确定句子中所缺的词，填上适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。8．【答案】childhood；smile；when；an；winner；first；wasdrawing；on；phone；toys【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者童年时和圣诞老人通电话的一个故事。（1）句意：事实上，在我们的童年里，有一些记忆会和永远和我们在一起。根据下文Iwasaboutfouryearsold可知此处指小时候，即童年时候，childhood，童年，故填childhood。（2）句意：一些在那个时候看起来如此可怕的东西可能会让我们在几年后微笑。make是使役动词，makesbdo，是固定搭配，使某人做某事，故填动词原形，故填smile。（3）句意：其中一个记忆就是我四岁时接到的一个电话。根据Iwasaboutfouryearsold可知此处是表示时间，故应是时间状语从句的引导词，when，当......的时候，故填when。（4）句意：竞争对手会讲一个关于他们孩子的有趣故事，获胜的人将接到在皇家空军工作的圣诞老人的电话。根据story是单名词数，interesting是元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，一个，故填an。（5）句意：竞争对手会讲一个关于他们孩子的有趣故事，获胜的人将接到在皇家空军工作的圣诞老人的电话。the是定冠词，其后应是名词，根据下文的Mr.SantaClauswouldgivethewinner'schildsomegifts可知此处是获胜者，winner，故填winner。（6）句意：电话来了，妈妈先和圣诞老人谈了一会，然后她把电话给了我。根据andthen可知首先是妈妈接的电话，first，首先，故填first。（7）句意：妈妈告诉圣诞老人我正在用蜡笔在墙上画画。根据Atthattime可知时态是过去进行时，主语是I，故填wasdrawing。（8）句意：然后圣诞老人在电话里问我关于我的艺术作品的事情。onthephone，固定搭配，在电话里，故填on。（9）句意：所以我扔下电话，哭着跑出房间。根据上文描述可知两个人在打电话，故扔掉的是电话，phone，故填phone。（10）句意：不过，我确实从电台得到了两个软玩具。two后是名词复数，toy的复数是toys，故填toys。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）9．阅读理解

Embroidery（刺绣）hasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.EmbroideryisverypopularinmanycountriessuchasChina,IndiaandJapan.Embroideryisthehandicraftofdecoratingfabricorothermaterialswithneedlesandthreadoryarn.EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.Embroideryisavailablewithawidevarietyofthreadoryarncolours.

Embroideryhasmanyuniquecharacteristics（特点）.Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.Theyarestillthefundamentaltechniquesofhandembroiderytoday.

Embroiderycanbeclassifiedaccordingtowhetherthedesignisstitchedontopoforthroughthefoundationfabric;andbytherelationshipofstitchplacementtothefabric.Differentembroiderieshavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages.In'modernsociety,wecanproducemanydifferentembroideries.Machineembroideryisoneofthem:ItappearsintheearlystagesoftheIndustrialRevolution.（1）Fromthepassage,wecanknowembroiderycandatebacktoA.

theWarringStatesPeriod

B.

theSpringandAutumnPeriodC.

themoderntimes

D.

theMingDynasty（2）Whichofthefollowingmaterialscannotbeusedinembroideryaccordingtothepassage?A.

Metalstrips.

B.

Pearls.

C.

Quills.

D.

Wood.（3）Fromthepassage,howmanythingscanembroiderybeusedon?A.

Seven.

B.

Six.

C.

Five.

D.

Eight.（4）Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsbelongstoembroidery?A.

Theflyingstitch.

B.

Thesatinstitch.

C.

Theflatstitch.

D.

Thebuttonstitch.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了刺绣的起源，构造以及特点和用途。（1）细节题。根据第一段提到的

EmbroideryhasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.

可知刺绣来自theWarringStatesPeriod，故选A。（2）细节题。根据第一段提到的EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.

可知材料不包括wood，木料，故选D。（3）细节题。根据第一段提到的Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.

可知一共有8个，故选D。（4）细节题。根据第二段提到的Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.可知thesatinstitch是它的特点，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

OnFebruary3rd,1949,NewYorkHarbor（港）wasanexcitingplace.ManypeopleweretheretogreetashipfromFrance.Ontheshipwere49Frenchrailroadboxcars（火车车厢）filledwithgiftsfromthepeopleofFrancetothepeopleofAmerica.TheseboxcarswerefromthefamousMerciTrain（Merci:aFrenchwordmeaning"thankyou"）.

AfterWorldWarⅡ,alotoffactories,roadsandfarmsinFrancehadbeendestroyed.ManyFrenchpeoplehadnojobsormoneyandhadlittletowearandlittletoeat.Inthewinterof1947,atrainwassentacrosstheUnitedStates,stoppingincitiesandtownsalongtheway.Ateverystop,peoplegavewhatevertheycould.Factoriesgaveclothingandmedicine.Farmersgavefood.Familiesgavemoney.Evenschoolchildrengaveawaytheirpocketmoney.AllthethingswerethentakentoFrancebyship.

By1949,theFrenchhadbeguntorecover（恢复）fromthewar.TheMerciTrainwastheirwayofsaying"thankyou"toAmerica.Frenchpeoplehadfilledtheboxcarswithgifts.Mostofthemwerepersonal,likehand-madetoys,children'sdrawings,orpostcards.Buttheboxcarsthemselveswereperhapsthemostmeaningfulofthegifts.Oneachcar,theFrenchpeoplehadpaintedthepicturesofalltheir40provinces,withanAmericaneagleonthefront.TheboxcarsweretakentoeachstateofAmerica,wheretheywerewarmlygreeted.

Nowmanyofthestatesstillkeeptheirboxcars.GiftssentbytheFrenchpeoplecanstillbeseeninsomemuseums.TheMerciTraincameoutofthewar,butitnowremindstheworldthatcountriescanalsoworktogetherinpeace.（1）ManypeoplecrowdedatNewYorkHarboronFebruary3rd,1949to________.A.

welcometheMerciTrain

B.

meettheirfamiliesC.

haveabigparty

D.

startatripbyship（2）In1947,atrainstoppedincitiesacrossAmericainorderto________.A.

giveawayclothingandfood

B.

getmoresoldiersforthewarC.

collectthingstohelpFrenchpeople

D.

showexhibitionsfromthemuseums（3）Theunderlinedword"them"inParagraph3refersto（指）________.A.

theAmericanpeople

B.

theFrenchpeople

C.

theboxcars

D.

thegifts（4）Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.

thestoryoftheMerciTrain

B.

thehistoryofWorldWarⅡC.

giftsthatAmericanpeopleliked

D.

Americanmuseumswheretheboxcarswerekept【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了来自法国的MerciTrain的故事。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段ManypeopleweretheretogreetashipfromFrance.很多人在那里欢迎一艘来自法国的船，可知这一天人们聚集在纽约港是为了欢迎MerciTrain。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段AllthethingswerethentakentoFrancebyship.所有的东西通过船被带到法国，可知火车在美国的每个城市停留是为了收集物资帮助法国人民。故选C。（3）代词辨析题。根据上文Frenchpeoplehadfilledtheboxcarswithgifts.法国人用礼物填满了火车车厢，可知划线代词them指代的是上文的gifts“礼物”。故选D。（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了来自法国的MerciTrain的故事。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、代词辨析题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；代词辨析题需要联系上下文，推断出代词指代的内容；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。11．根据短文内容，判断句子的正误。

Adentist（牙医）wasstartinghisinworkinthemorning.Suddenlyamanranin.Hisfacewasredandhecouldonlysay"Quick!Quick!"Thedentistthoughthemustbeverysick.Hisassistant（助手）helpedtomakemansitinachair.Thedentistgavethemansomemedicinetomakehimsleep.Then,helookedintotheman'smouthandpulledoutallthebadteeth.Whenthemanwokeup,hesaidinalowvoice,"Quick,doctor,quick."

"It'sallrightnow,"thedentisttoldhim."It'sover."

"Youdon'tunderstand,"saidtheman,"Icametotellyouthatyourhouseisonfire."（1）Thedentistwasstartinghisworkinthemorning.（2）Suddenlyawomanranintothedentist'soffice.（3）Thedentistthoughtthemanmustbeverysick.（4）Thedentist'sassistanthelpedtomakethemansitonatable.（5）Theassistantpulledoutalltheman'sbadteeth.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）1（4）1（5）0【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章讲的一个男的找牙医，那男人只是重复快，快，牙医以为是他很痛要拔牙，把他嘴里的坏牙都拔掉了，结果是度医家着火了的故事。（1）细节理解题。根据Adentist（牙医）wasstartinghisinworkinthemorning.

可知牙医在早上开始工作，故答案为：正确。（2）细节理解题。根据Suddenlyamanranin.

可知一个男人跑进来，而不是女人。故答案为：错误。​​​​​​​（3）细节理解题。根据Thedentistthoughthemustbeverysick.牙医认为这个人一定病得很重。可知叙述正确，故答案为：正确。​​​​​​​（4）细节理解题。根据Hisassistant（助手）helpedtomakemansitinachair.

可知助手帮助这个人坐下来，可知和短文叙述是一致的。故答案为：正确。​​​​​​​（5）细节理解题。根据Thedentistgavethemansomemedicinetomakehimsleep.Then,helookedintotheman'smouthandpulledoutallthebadteeth.

牙医给了这个人一些药让他睡了。然后他检查了这个人的嘴把所有的坏牙都拔掉了。可知不是助手拔的。故答案为：错误。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这篇短文内容简单，容易理解。先分析问题，然后阅读短文，看题中的叙述是否和短文的内容一致，然后确定问题的正误。12．阅读理解

Asavolunteerteacher,ItravelledalongwaytoasmallvillageschoolinLongzhou,Guangxi.Onmywaythere,Ithoughtaboutthevillage,theschool,andthechildrenthere.However,myheartsankwhenIarrivedthere.Itwasn'twhatIexpected.Itdidn'tlooklikeaschoolatall.Theschoolhadonly3rooms,oneforGrades1,2and3,andanotherforGrades4,5and6.Therewasathirdoneforme.

Thechildrenwelcomedmewarmlyonmyfirstday.Theyaskedmealotofquestions,andItoldthemstoriesandmylifeinShanghai.Thenextday,Igavethenatesttofindouttheirlevel.Tomysurprise,althoughthetestwasveryeasy,overhalfofthemfailedit,yettheyallwantedtolearnnewthings.Iknewtheyneededme.

Iambusypreparinglessons,andreadingtestpaperseverynight.Ienjoyedteachingtheselovelyandhardworkingchildren,andIcouldseethattheyweremakingprogresswithmyhelp.Ihavealsolearnedalotfromthem.Iunderstandtheirlivesbetterandwearenowgoodfriends.

IhaveworkedinLongzhouforayearnow.I'mveryhappy,andtheexpeeriencehasbeenveryusefulforme.Ilovethesmallvillageandthechildren.Infact,Iwouldliketocontinueworkinghere.（1）Inthepassage,"myheartsank…"meansthatthewriter

.A.

feltexcited

B.

washappy

C.

feltsad

D.

wasangry（2）Thewriterfoundthestudents'levelwas

sheexpectedafterthefirsttest.A.

justas

B.

higherthan

C.

lowerthan

D.

aslowas（3）WhatdoesthewriterthinkofherexperienceinLongzhou?A.

Itisboring.

B.

Itissilly.

C.

Itismeaningless.

D.

Itisuseful.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：作者去贵州一所学校餐馆，学校建设很破旧，学生成绩很差，作者很喜欢这份工作，这段经历对作者而言很有用，作者想继续在那里工作。（1）推断题。根据文章提到的

Itdidn'tlooklikeaschoolatall.可知，这个学校看起来不像学校，因而作者感到很悲伤，故选C。（2）细节题。根据文章提到的Tomysurprise,althoughthetestwasveryeasy,overhalfofthemfailedit,yettheyallwantedtolearnnewthings可知，那里的学生学习成绩很差，故选C。（3）细节题。根据文章提到的

andtheexpeeriencehasbeenveryusefulforme可知，作者认为这次经历对他很有用，故选D。【点评】考查细节题和推断题，做细节题的时候，熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可，做推断题，联系上下文，确定句子的意义，即可。13．阅读理解

Doyouthinkthatit'spossibletoraisemoneybyplayingtricksonothers?ItispossibleonRedNoseDayintheUK.

ThedaywasonMarch15thisyear.Peopledosomefunnythingstomakepeoplelaughandraisemoney.Theytelljokes.Theydanceinafunnyway.Mostimportantly,theywearrednoses.AllthemoneygoestohelpthepoorintheUKandAfrica.

RedNoseDayisnottheonlywaytoraisemoneyforcharity.Herearesomeotherinterestingwaystohelppeopleinneed.Let'shavealook!Charityshops

IntheUK,somepeoplelikebuyingthingsincharityshops.Thiskindofshopssellused（用过的）thingslikeclothes,shoesandbooks.Peopledonatethemtotheshops.Sothingsintheshopsareverycheap.Themoneytheyraisegoestohelpsickchildrenandhomelesspeople.Charityconcerts

Thisisacommon（普通的）wayforpopstarstoraisemoney.Concertshelpraisemoneyandawareness（意识）.TheLive8concertin2005wasoneofthelargestconcertsofthiskind.Ithelpedmakepeoplecaremore（1）OnRedNoseDay,peopleraisemoneyby

.A.

buyingthingsincharityshops

B.

holdingcharityconcertsC.

playingtricksonothers

D.

playinggameswithothers（2）Whatdon'tpeopledotoraisemoneyonRedNoseDay?A.

Theymakepeoplelaugh.

B.

Theydanceinafunnyway.C.

Theytelljokes.

D.

Theywearyellownoses.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthearticle?A.

慈善

B.

公益

C.

盈利

D.

目的（4）WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothearticle?A.

RedNoseDayisnottheonlywaytoraisemoneyforpeopleinneed.B.

PeopleintheUSlikebuyingusedthingslikeclothesandbooksincharityshops.C.

Popstarsperformatthecharityconcertstoraisemoney.D.

Thecharityconcertscanhelpraisemoneyandawareness.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了英国的红鼻子节，在那天人们可以通过开玩笑、慈善商店和慈善音乐会来募捐钱，用这些钱来帮助英国和非洲的穷人或病人等需要帮助的人。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Doyouthinkthatit'spossibletoraisemoneybyplayingtricksonothers?ItispossibleonRedNoseDayintheUK.可知在红鼻子节那天人们可以通过开玩笑的形式募捐钱，故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Peopledosomefunnythingstomakepeoplelaughandraisemoney.Theytelljokes.Theydanceinafunnyway.Mostimportantly,theywearrednoses.可知人们是戴着红鼻子的，所以他们不是戴着黄鼻子，故选D。（3）词义猜测题。根据下文可知人们通过这种行为募捐钱，然后把这些钱用来帮助生病的孩子和无家可归的人，可判断这种行为是慈善行为，故charity应该是慈善的意思，故选A。（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段IntheUK,somepeoplelikebuyingthingsincharityshops.Thiskindofshopssellused（用过的）thingslikeclothes,shoesandbooks.可知是在英国而不是在美国，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题常考题型，细节题要带着问题在阅读中寻找答案；词义猜测题要抓住上下文，善于利用连接词、代词及词性、同义词、反义词等进行判断选择。14．阅读下面的材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Ineverycountry,therearethousandsofpeoplewhowanttohelpout.Manyjoinorganizationsrun（管理）bytheirgovernments,forexample,thePeaceCorpsintheUnitedStatesandVoluntaryServiceOverseasinBritain.Sincethepowerful（猛烈的）earthquaketookplaceinSichuan,morethan200thousandvolunteersacrossChinahavebeenhelpingthere!Theydoallkindsofworkorcomeupwithwaystohelpimprovelife.Someoffertheirprofessionalskillsforfree.Othershavenoqualifications（资历）,buttheylovetoworkhardtohelp.

OneofthemostfamousvolunteersintheworldwasMotherTeresa.ShecouldbethebestvolunteerbecauseshegaveherlifetohelpingthepoorestpeopleofCalcutta.Shehelpedthehomeless,caredforthesick,gaveoutfood,andbecamethemotherofthosewithoutfamilies.

Nowmoreandmoreteenagersactivelylookforvolunteeringopportunities,too.Theyvolunteerbecausetheythinkitwillbefunortheywilllearnsomething.Theyalsoliketheideaofbeinghelpfultoothers,evenifitisjusthandingoutbooksfortheteacher.Astheygetolder,thesereasonsarestillthesame,butthereareotherimportantreasonsforvolunteeringsuchaslearningon-the-job,gettingworkexperience,andimprovingtheirsociallife.

Allvolunteersbringjoytothepeopletheyhelpinsomanyways.Theymightreadbookstotheblind,fixupbrokenhomes,findwaystogetwaterforvillages,Couldyoubeavolunteer?Whatkindofvolunteerworkcouldyoudo?Thereissomeoneintheworldwhoneedsyou.（1）ThePeaceCorpsis________intheUnitedStates.A.

acity

B.

anorganization

C.

avolunteer

D.

aschool（2）Theunderlinedword"those"inthepassagemeans"________".A.

thehomeless

B.

thesick

C.

thepoor

D.

thekids（3）WhatisNOTthereasonforteenagerstobevolunteersaccordingtothepassage?A.

Theywanttomakemorefriends.B.

Theywanttobehelpful.C.

Ithelpsthemgetworkexperience.D.

Itcanimprovetheirsociallife.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.

Theworldneedsvolunteers.B.

MotherTeresawasagreatvolunteer.C.

Volunteersdoallkindsofwork.D.

Therearedifferentwaysofvolunteering.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在每个国家，有成千上万的人需要帮助，世界需要志愿者。现在越来越多的青少年积极寻找志愿服务机会。他们做志愿者，因为他们认为这会很有趣，或者他们会学到一些东西。（1）推理题。根据第一段前两句Ineverycountry,therearethousandsofpeoplewhowanttohelpout.Manyjoinorganizationsrun（管理）bytheirgovernments,forexample,thePeaceCorpsintheUnitedStatesandVoluntaryServiceOverseasinBritain.可推知，thePeaceCorps是美国的一个组织机构。故选B。（2）词义猜测题。根据本句themotherofthosewithoutfamilies.她帮助无家可归的人，照顾病人，分发食物，成为那些没有家人孩子的母亲，可知those指代“无家可归的孩子”。故选D。（3）细节题。根据第三段最后一句butthereareotherimportantreasonsforvolunteeringsuchaslearningon-the-job,gettingworkexperience,andimprovingtheirsociallife.可知，文中未提到“想交更多的朋友”这一原因，故选A。（4）主旨题。根据文章大意可知，本文主要讲述了世界上有很多人需要帮助，现在越来越多青年参与志愿活动，所以“Theworldneedsvolunteers.世界需要志愿者”最符合文意。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。15．阅读理解

Rockclimbingdidnotbecomeasportuntillateinthe1900s.Butnowithasbecomeapopularoutdooractivity.Whilerockclimbingmaystillbenecessaryformountainclimbing,mostpeoplejustclimblowmountainsforfun.

Ifyouhaveeverdonerockclimbing,youwillknowthatitisnotaveryeasysport.Indoorandoutdoorrockclimbingbothneedpractice.Whatmostpeopledon'tknowisthatrockclimbingisoneofthesportsthatdependonyourbodyandmind.

Toclimbsuccessfully,onemustusewonderfulskills.Oneoftheimportantrulesistoalwayshavethreepartsofyourbodyontherockface.Anotherimportantruleisthatyourarmsonlyholdyouclosetotherockfacewhileyourlegsarepushingyouup.Thecloseryouaretotherockface,theeasieritistoclimb.

Rockclimbingisawonderfulsport.Onceyoustarttolearnhowtoclimb,you'llfindmorefun.Peoplewholikegamessuchaschessplayingorproblem-solvingmayloverockclimbing,becausetheyarenearlythesameinthewayofthinking.Foranyonewhowantstogetintobeautifulshape,rockclimbingisafunandgoodway.Anyonewhoenjoysadifficultgameandlovestheoutdoorsshouldthinkoftakingrockclimbingasanewhobby.（1）Rockclimbingdependson__________.A.

yourbrain

B.

yourpractice

C.

yourinterests

D.

yourbodyandmind（2）Thechessplayersmaylikerockclimbingbecause

.A.

they'dliketogetintobeautifulshape

B.

itismoreinterestingthanchessplayingC.

itislikechessplayinginthewayofthinking

D.

theyreallyliketodosports（3）__________shouldthinkoftakingrockclimbingasanewhobby.A.

Peoplewhoenjoyindooractivities

B.

PeoplewhoenjoymusicC.

Peoplewhoenjoyadifficultgameandlovetheoutdoors

D.

Peoplewholovedancing（4）Youmayfindthispassageina__________.A.

storybook

B.

sportsmagazine

C.

historybook

D.

sciencemagazine【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文讲述了攀岩这项运动的相关情况。（1）细节题。根据Whatmostpeopledon'tknowisthatrockclimbingisoneofthesport