新教材高中英语Unit2BesportybehealthySectionⅠWeletotheunitReading学案牛津译林版必修第二册

Unit2Besporty,behealthy话题阅读背景导入：社会在发展，科技在进步，人们的生活方式却越来越不健康。吸烟、酗酒、熬夜、食用垃圾食品等不良生活方式导致人们在身心方面出现很多问题。因此，健康的生活方式成为当今社会越来越受关注的话题之一。本文作者拉里·刘易斯是一名健身教练，“用健康的生活方式生活”理念的创始人，《赫芬顿邮报》新闻网站的撰稿人。最近他在《星期日邮报》上刊登了一篇特写。他在本文中倡导人们选择健康的生活方式，摒弃不良生活习惯。Stopmakingunhealthychoicesifyouknowwhat'sgoodforyou.Don'tattempttogainshort-termpleasureatthecostoflong-termhealth.Drinkingtoomuchalcohol,eatingfattyunhealthyfoods,maybeafry-upbreakfastandtakeawayortwo?Whyisitthatmanyofyoupletelyforgetaboutmakinghealthychoicesanddoallthewrongthings?Ahealthylifestyleisallaboutmakingtherightchoicesandremovingunhealthylifestylechoices.Anunhealthylifestyleisdefinedasalifestylewhereapersonengagesinactivitiesthatareknowntobeharmfultoone'shealth,suchassmoking,notexercisingregularlyorenough,eatingunhealthyfoodonaregularbasis,andnotmaintainingahealthyweight.Choosingahealthylifestylewillleadtoalonger,happierlife.Makingunhealthychoicescouldendupwithyouexperiencingillhealthorworse.Soeverydaywehaveachoicetolivehealthilyornot.YoucouldchoosetospendyourfreetimetodaywatchingTVoralternativelyyouchoosetospendonehourinthegym.Youchoosetoeatafattyfry-upforbreakfastoralternativelyyouchoosevegetablesandfruit.Everytimeyou'rethirstyyouchoosetodrinkCoca-Colaoralternativelyyouchoosewater.Weallknowwhatweshoulddo:eatmorefruitandvegetables,drinkmorewater,moveourbodiesmoreandlookatscreensless.Buthowoftendoyousticktothesehealthychoices?Thefirststepinstoppingyourunhealthychoicesistodeterminewhattheyare.Breakingbadhabitstakestimeandeffort,butmostlyittakesidentifyingthem,followedbymakingthedecisiontochange,andstickingtoyourchoices.Mostpeoplewhoendupbreakingtheirbadhabitstryandfailmanytimesbeforetheymakeitwork.Youmightnothavesuccessrightaway,butthatdoesn'tmeanyoucan'tdoitsuccessfully.MyillnessforcedmetomakehealthychoicesandIpaidthepricephysicallyandtoapointmentally.Ifyoudon'tdosomethingaboutyourlifestylenow,you'llbeforcedtogetridofyourunhealthychoicesbecauseofillhealth.Goodlifestylechoiceswillleadtogoodhealth.Ibelievethatthegreatestgiftyoucangiveyourfamilyandtheworldisahealthyyou.【译文】如果你知道什么对你有好处的话，就停止做那些不健康的选择吧。不要为了获得短暂的快乐而牺牲长期的健康。喝太多酒，吃高脂肪的不健康食物，或者吃一两顿油炸的早餐或者外卖真的快乐吗？为什么许多人老是把健康的生活方式抛到九霄云外，而去做那些错误的事呢？健康的生活方式就是作出正确的选择，摒弃不健康的生活方式。不健康的生活方式是指一个人经常做那些对健康有害的活动，比如吸烟、不经常锻炼或锻炼不够、经常吃不健康的食物和不维持健康的体重。选择健康的生活方式会让你更长寿，更幸福。反之，选择不健康的生活方式会使你生病，或者更糟。因此每天我们都面临健康或不健康生活的选择。你可以选择在今天空闲时看电视，或者花一个小时健身。你可以选择早餐吃高脂肪的煎炸食品，或者选择吃蔬菜和水果。每当你渴了的时候，你可以选择喝可口可乐，或者选择喝水。我们都知道我们应该做什么：多吃水果和蔬菜，多喝水，多运动，少看电子屏幕。但是你多久坚持一次健康的生活方式呢？摒弃不健康生活方式的第一步是确定它们是什么。改掉坏习惯需要时间和精力，但是最主要的是去发现坏习惯，然后下定决心做出改变并且坚持你的选择。大多数人成功改掉坏习惯之前都经历了很多次尝试和失败。同样地，你可能不会立即成功，但是那并不意味着成功不会到来。我生病后不得不选择健康的生活方式，我付出了身体上的代价，在某种程度上也付出了精神上的代价。如果你现在不做一些事情来改变你(不健康)的生活方式，你就会因为身体不好而被迫去摆脱那些不健康的生活方式。选择良好的生活方式会带来健康。我坚信，健康的你是你能给你的家人和这个世界最好的礼物。SectionⅠWeletotheunit&ReadingⅠ.核心词汇1．____________n.(美)足球运动2．____________n.蝙蝠；球棒，球板vt.&vi.用球棒(板)击球3．____________n.跳伞运动4．____________n.肺5．____________vi.往往会；趋向vt.照看6．____________n.疾病7．____________adv.此外，而且8．____________n.常规，惯例adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的9．____________n.肌肉，肌10．____________n.慢跑锻炼11．____________n.滑雪12．____________n.引体向上13．____________n.骨头，骨14．____________n.体操，体操训练15．____________vt.&vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸16．____________n.(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列17．____________n.活动，转动；移动；运动18．____________n.汽油19．____________n.蛋白质20．____________n.平均水平，一般水准adj.平均的；典型的21．____________prep.自始至终；各处，遍及22．____________n.汗水vt.&vi.出汗；流汗23．____________n.(人、动植物细胞的)组织；(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸24．____________n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺vt.&vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺25．____________vt.维持；维修，保养Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．________n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→________vt.祝贺2．________vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→________n．假定；假设；承担→________conj.假定，假设3．________vt.减少，缩小→________n．减少，缩小，降低4．________n．能，能量；精力；能源→________adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的5．________n．伤害，损伤→________vt.使受伤，弄伤→________adj.受伤的；有伤的6．________vt.阻止，阻碍→________n．预防；防止；阻止7．________n．设备；配备，装备→________v．装备，配备Ⅲ.重点短语1．____________迈出第一步2．____________创造奇迹，产生神奇作用3．____________首先4．____________长期5．____________高/低风险6．____________锻炼7．____________克服8．____________在……中起作用9．____________首先，尤其是10．____________持续，坚持11．____________保持12．____________一般来说13．____________弥补，补偿14．____________努力前进，排除困难15．____________受伤16．____________热身Ⅳ.重点句型1．制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善：心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。Whenyouplananexerciseroutine,thefirstthingtoconsideris__________________________________________________________________________________.2．什么时间吃也很重要。________isalso__________________________．3．为避免软组织受伤，锻炼时一定要穿戴合适的衣服和护具。Topreventsofttissueinjury,makesurethatyouwearproperclothesandequipment________．根据课文内容选择正确答案1．Whichofthefollowingisnotthebenefitofexercise?A．Physicalactivityincreasestheefficiencyofyourheartandlungs.B．Workingoutmakesyourheartandlungsgrowstrongeroverthelongterm.C．Afterexercise，peopledon'thavediseasesanymoreoverthelongterm.D．Exercisecanhelpyoureducestressandgetovernegativefeelings.2．Whatactivitiesshouldyoudotoincreasemusclestrengthandencouragebonedevelopment?A．Joggingandweightlifting.B．Swimmingandjogging.C．Weightliftingandpull-ups.D．Gymnasticsandtaichi.3．Whenshouldweeataccordingtothearticle?A．Eatimmediatelyafterexercise.B．Waitanaverageofhalfanhourbeforeatypicalroutine.C．Waitanaverageof1.5to2.5hoursafterahardworkout.D．Haveourmealanaverageof1.5to2.5hoursbeforeexercising.4．Whatshouldyoudotopreventinjury?A．Youshouldwearproperclothesandequipmentafterexercising.B．Youshouldexerciselongerandharderfirst.C．Youshouldwarmupbeforeexercising.D．Youshouldeatsomefoodrichinproteinbeforeexercising.Abeginner'sguidetoexerciseYouwanttostartdoingexercise?Congratulations!Youhavejusttakenyourfirststeptowardsanewandimprovedyou!UnderstandingthebenefitsofexerciseMostpeopleassumethatregularexercisedoeswondersforthebodyandmind[1]—butwhatexactlyareitshealthbenefits?Tostartwith,physicalactivityincreasestheefficiencyofyourheartandlungs.Duringexercise,yourheartandlungsmustworkharder.Thisextraeffortmakesthemgrowstronger[2]overthelongterm.Ithasalsobeenproventhat[3]activepeopletendtohavebetterimmunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdiseases.Moreover,exerciseisgoodforyourmentalhealth.Workingout[4]canhelpyoureducestressandgetovernegativefeelings.Somestudiesevenshowthatexerciseimprovescertainbrainfunctions,meaningyoucouldactuallyexerciseyourwaytobetterperformanceatschool[5]![1]thatregularexercisedoeswondersforthebodyandmind是assume的宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分。[2]makesthemgrowstronger是“makesb.dosth.”结构，意为“让某人做某事”。[3]Ithasalsobeenproventhat...中的it为形式主语，后面that引导的从句为真正的主语。[4]workingout是动名词短语作主语。[5]meaning...是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其后是省略了that的宾语从句。PlanningyourexerciseroutineWhenyouplananexerciseroutine,thefirstthingtoconsideriswhatyouexpecttoimprove[6]:heartandlungefficiency,musclestrengthorflexibility.Aerobicactivities,likejogging,swimmingandskiing,developyourheartandlungs.Strengthtraining,suchaspull-upsandweightlifting,increasesmusclestrengthandencouragesbonedevelopment.Flexibilitytraining,includinggymnasticsandtaichi,helpsstretchyourmusclesandimproveyourbody'srangeofmovement.Thesetypesofexerciseallplayaroleinahealthyroutine.Aboveall,chooseactivitiesyouenjoy[7]because,inthisway,you'remorelikelytostickwiththem.[6]Whenyouplan...是when引导的时间状语从句，toconsider是thefirstthing的后置定语，whatyouexpecttoimprove是what引导的表语从句，what作improve的宾语。[7]youenjoy是定语从句，修饰activities，从句中缺宾语，省略了作宾语的关系代词that/which。EatinganddrinkingrightLikecarsthatrunonpetrol[8],yourbodyburnscarbohydratesforenergy.Foodslikenoodles,rice,fruitandvegetablesgiveyourbodyplentyofcarbohydratestokeepupyourenergyduringalongworkout.Tohelpyourmusclesrecoverandrepairthemselvesafterexercise[9],youneedtoeatfoodsrichinprotein,suchasfish,eggsandmilkproducts.Whentoeatisalsoofgreatimportance.Ingeneral,youshouldhaveyourmealanaverageofl．5to2.5hoursbeforeexercising.Donoteatimmediatelyafterexercise;instead,waitatleast30minutesafteratypicalroutine,orasmuchasanhourafterahardworkout.Remembertodrinkthroughoutexercisetomakeupforwaterlosttosweat.[8]thatrunonpetrol是that引导的定语句，修饰先行词cars。[9]Tohelpyourmuscles...是动词不定式短语作目的状语。AvoidinginjuryTopreventsofttissueinjury,makesurethatyouwearproperclothesandequipmentwhenexercising[10].Youshouldalsostartsmallandslowlyworkyourwaytoalongerandharderexerciseroutinetoavoidgettinghurt.Finally,remembertowarmupbeforeexercisingandstretchattheendofyourworkout.So,nowyouknowthebenefitsofexerciseandhowtodoitsafelyandeffectively.Whatareyouwaitingfor?[10]Topreventsofttissueinjury是动词不定式作目的状语；thatyouwearproperclothes...是makesure的宾语从句，连接词that在从句中不作成分；whenexercising是when引导的时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词。体育锻炼入门想开始锻炼身体了吗？祝贺(Congratulations)你！你已经向新的、更好的自己跨出了第一步。了解锻炼的益处大多数人都认为(assume)经常锻炼对身心大有益处(dowonders)——不过，锻炼究竟对健康有哪些好处呢？首先，体育活动能增强心肺(lung)功能。在锻炼时，你的心脏和肺必须更卖力地工作。久而久之(overthelongterm)，这些额外的工作使它们变得更强壮。有证据表明，经常锻炼的人往往(tend)免疫(immune)系统会更好，患病(disease)的风险更低。另外(moreover)，锻炼对心理健康有好处。锻炼身体能帮你缓解(reduce)心理压力，克服负面情绪。甚至有研究显示锻炼可以改善某些大脑机能，也就是说，通过锻炼，你确实可以提高自己的学习成绩。规划日常(routine)锻炼在做日常锻炼的规划时，首先要考虑的是你想要提升哪方面：是心肺功能，还是肌肉(muscle)强度，抑或是柔韧性。像慢跑(jogging)、游泳和滑雪(skiing)这样的有氧(aerobic)运动，能增强心肺功能。力量训练，比如引体向上(pull-up)和举重，能增加肌肉强度，促进骨骼(bone)发育。柔韧性训练，包括体操(gymnastics)和太极拳(taichi)，有助于舒展(stretch)肌肉，增大肢体活动(movement)幅度(range)。在一套健康的日常锻炼项目中，以上三种训练都是不可或缺的。而最重要的是，要挑选你喜欢的项目，因为这样才更有可能持之以恒(stickwith)。饮食得当就像汽车要烧汽油(petrol)才能跑，你的身体也要燃烧碳水化合物(carbohydrate)来获得能量(energy)。米面果蔬等食物为身体提供丰富的碳水化合物，使你有充足的能量做长时间运动。锻炼后，为帮助肌肉恢复和自我修复，你需要吃些高蛋白(protein)食物，比如鱼、蛋和乳制品。什么时间吃也很重要。一般情况(average)下，应该在锻炼之前一个半到两个半小时进食。运动后不要马上吃东西，如果是常规锻炼，至少过半小时再吃；如果是高强度锻炼，就需要等时后再吃。锻炼过程中(throughout)别忘了喝水，以弥补(makeupfor)出汗(sweat)损耗的水分。避免受伤(injury)为避免(prevent)软组织(tissue)受伤，锻炼时一定要穿戴合适的衣服和护具(equipment)。此外，刚开始锻炼强度要小，要循序渐进地增加锻炼的时间和强度，以防受伤。最后，记住锻炼前要热身，结束后要拉伸。现在，你已经明白了锻炼的好处，也知道如何安全高效地锻炼了。那么，你还在等什么呢？►第一版块|重点词汇诠释1.getintoshape强身健体intheshapeof...呈……的形状ingood/badshape情况良好/不好；体形好/不好outofshape变形，走样；不健康keep/stayinshape锻炼身体，保持健康❶Iwanttogetintoshapebydoingexercise!我想通过做运动使身体强壮起来！❷Thegardenisintheshapeofasquare.这个花园是方形的。❸Weshouldnotonlybehealthy,butalsobeingoodshape.我们不仅应该身体好，还要保持好的体形。❹Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespush-upstostayinshape.汤姆总是在早晨慢跑，他通常还做俯卧撑以保持身体健康。联想拓展“getinto＋n.”表示“进入……的状态”，类似短语还有：getintotrouble陷入困境getintooffice就职getintodebt欠债即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①Shefollowedsomeadvicefromsomeexpertsthatsheshouldworkouttoget________shape.②Maryis________goodshapephysicallyevenifshedoesn'tdomuchexercise.③Kim'sbirthdaycakewasin________shapeofatrain.④I'mdeterminedtochangemyeatinghabitsand______________(强身健体).⑤She'sboughtanexercisebiketo________________(锻炼身体).⑥Theladyis__________(身体状况好)becauseshedoesexerciseeveryday.2.preventvt.阻止，阻碍，阻挠(1)prevent...(from)doingsth.阻止……做某事＝stop...(from)doingsth.＝keep...fromdoingsth.(2)preventionn.[U]预防，防范❶Hisfevermayprevent/stop/keephimfromplayingintomorrow'sgame.他发烧了，这可能让他明天不能进行比赛。❷Preventionisbetterthancure.[谚]预防优于补救。特别提示以上短语用于主动语态时，prevent...fromdoingsth.与stop...fromdoingsth.中的from可省略，keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不能省略。用于被动语态时，这三个短语中的from都不能省略。Weareprevented/stopped/keptbythefrighteningsandstormfromgoingtoschool.可怕的沙尘暴使我们无法去上学。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①Opposedtodevelopingtheholidayresort(度假区),thelocalpeoplepreventedtheconstructionworkers________(enter)theirvillages.②Socialattentionshouldbepaidtopreventingourearthfrom________(pollute).③谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。Noonecan________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.3.congratulationn．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺（常用复数）(1)offer/sendone'scongratulationstosb.向某人致以祝贺congratulations(tosb.)onsth.为某事(向某人)祝贺(2)congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.祝贺某人(做了)某事❶—I'vejustpassedmydrivingtest！我刚刚通过了驾照考试。—Congratulations！祝贺你！❷Congratulations(toyou)onyoursuperbperformance.祝贺你精彩的演出！❸Wecongratulateyouonyourwinning“theawardforbeststudent”．我们祝贺你获得“最佳学生奖”。词语辨析congratulate与celebratecongratulate后接人，常用于结构congratulatesb.onsth.“祝贺某人某事”celebrate后接事物，如生日、节日、纪念日、胜利之类的名词celebrateNewYear庆祝元旦LiMingheldapartytocelebratehisadmissiontoTsinghuaUniversity，andallhisfriendscametocongratulatehimonit.李明举行了一个聚会来庆祝自己被清华大学录取。他的朋友们都就此来祝贺他。即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译①Weofferourcongratulations________you________yourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.②—IgotthatjobIwantedatthepubliclibrary.—________________(congratulate)!That'sgoodnews.③Shecongratulatedmewarmly________mygoodexamresults.④Theletterarrived,____________________(congratulate)meonmygraduationfromtheuniversity.⑤Youcancongratulate________(you)onhavingdoneanexcellentjob．许多亲戚朋友都对他们的银婚表示祝贺。⑥Manyrelativesandfriends__________________theirsilverwedding.⑦Manyrelativesandfriends__________________theirsilverwedding.4.assumevt.认为，假定，假设(1)assumesb./sth.tobe＋n./adj.认为某人/某物是……(2)assumethat...假设……；认为……(3)Itis(generally)assumedthat...人们(普遍)认为……(4)assumingconj.假如，假设……为真assuming(that)...假定……(5)assumptionn.假定；假设makeanassumption认为，假定ontheassumptionthat...假定……，假设……❶Iassumehimtobeanhonestman.我认为他是个诚实的人。❷Manypeopletendtoassumethatinnovationjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew,butactuallyit'sanattitudetolife.许多人倾向于认为创新仅仅意味着创造新的东西，但实际上它是一种生活态度。❸Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.人们普遍认为，压力是工作过多所致。❹Assuming(that)itistrue，whatshouldwedonow?假定那是真的，我们现在应该做些什么？名师点津assuming可以用作连词，表示“假设……为真，假如”，引导从句，此用法同supposing，providing，provided，giventhat。Assuming/Supposingtheaccountistrue，whatshouldwedonow?假定这个说法是真的，我们现在该怎么办？即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①Weallcangooutforapicnicthisafternoon—________(assume)thattheothersagree.②Assuming________theadviceisaccepted，whenarewegoingtogetthemoney?③Thefactsprovedher________(assume)wrong.④Whatwillyoudo________theassumptionthatyoucan'tbeathiminthefirstroundofthematch?⑤Let's________________(假定他会迟到)forthemeeting.Whatwillhappenthen?⑥________________(普遍认为)womenarenormallymoresensitivethanmen.⑦Farmerswillhaveagoodharvest,________________(假定天气合适).5.tendvt.往往会，vi.趋向，趋于vt.&vi.照料，照管(1)tendtodosth.常常会做某事，往往会做某事(2)tendto/towards...趋向……，趋于……(3)tend(to)sb./sth.照料/照管某人/某物(4)tendencyn.[C]趋向；倾向haveatendencytodosth.有做某事的倾向❶ItendtoseepicturesinmymindwhenIamreadingorlistening.在读或听的时候，我往往会在头脑中有画面感。❷Hisviewstendtowardstheextreme.他的观点趋于偏激。❸Iwouldliketotendthestoreforyouwhileyou'reaway.你不在时我愿意替你看店。❹Shehasbeentendingtothesickandthewoundedinthehospitalsinceshegraduated.自从毕业后她就一直在这家医院看护病人和伤员。❺IhaveatendencytotalktoomuchwhenI'mnervous.我紧张时总爱唠叨。特别提示(1)tendto中to有时候为介词，有时候为动词不定式符号。(2)作“照顾，照料，护理”讲时，tend可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。即学即练单句语法填空①Thereisawidespread________(tend)thatmoreandmoreyoungpeoplechooseonlineshoppingratherthangotorealstorestobuywhattheylike.②Wetend________(have)abettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesorappealto(吸引)ouremotionsthanforstraightfacts.③Whenpeopleareverystressed,thereisatendency________(avoid)listeningtomusic.6.workout(1)锻炼身体，做运动。为不及物短语动词。❶Iworkoutregularlytokeephealthy.我经常锻炼身体以保持健康。(2)找到……的答案，解决。为及物短语动词。❷Thoughtheproblemwasverydifficult，theymanagedtoworkitoutfinally.尽管这个问题很难，他们最终还是设法解决了。(3)计算，算出。为及物短语动词。❸Canyouworkouthowmuchtheactivitywillcost?你能算出这个活动将花多少钱吗？(4)思考，制订出。为及物短语动词。❹Weworkedoutatravelplan.我们想出了一个旅行计划。(5)成功地发展。为不及物短语动词。❺Thingshaveworkedoutquitewellforus.事情对我们来说进展得很顺利。归纳拓展workat/on从事于，致力于workin在……工作workfor为……工作workas从事……工作outofwork失业atwork在工作即学即练写出下列句中workout的含义①Aftertheydiscussedforseveraldays,theyfinallyworkedoutanewplan.____________②Iworkoutregularlytokeepfit.____________③I'mjusttryingtoworkouthowmuchIspendeachmonth.____________④Ihaveneverbeenabletoworkherout.________________7.reducevt.减少，缩小reduce...(from...)to...把……(从……)减少到……(to之后接减少后的量)reduce...by...……减少了……(by之后接减少的程度或幅度)❶Ourexpenseshavebeenreducedto2，000yuanonemonth.我们每月的开销已降到2000元。❷Theyreducedthepricesby20%.Youhadbettergoandbuysomethinginahurry.他们把价格降低了20%，你最好赶紧去买东西。联想拓展reduce(减少)的近义词是decrease，drop；反义词是increase，rise。这些词的用法相似：后可接to(用于表示增减后的量)和by(用于表示增减的程度或幅度)。语境助记Theirsalaryhasincreasedby20percentsincelastyear.自去年以来，他们的工资已经增长了20%。即学即练单句语法填空①Bydietingandexercising,Ireducedmyweight________5kilos.②Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,theywillincreasetheirsales________25percent.③Itwasfoggy,sothedriverhadtoreducethespeed________fortykilometersanhour.8.stretchvt.&vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；（使）延伸(1)stretchout/stretchoneselfout躺下(通常为休息或睡觉)(2)stretchoutone'shand伸出某人的手(3)stretchone'slegs(久坐之后)散散步，活动活动腿脚(4)stretchacross延伸穿过；伸展跨过❶Carlsatupinbed,yawned,andstretched.卡尔从床上坐起来，打了个呵欠，伸了伸懒腰。❷I'mjustgoingtostretchoutonthecouchfortenminutes.我就在长沙发上躺十分钟。❸Shestretchedacrossthetablefortheapple.她伸手到桌子那头去拿苹果。❹Istretchedoutahandandpickedupthebook.我伸出手，把书捡起来。❺Itwasgoodtogetoutofthecarandstretchourlegs.我们下了车活动活动腿脚，真不错。❻Thissweaterhasstretched.这件毛衣给撑得变形了。❼Fieldsandhillsstretchedoutasfaraswecouldsee.放眼望去，田野、山丘绵延不绝。词语辨析stretchv．伸展，延伸，并有可能超过限度；伸长、伸出(身体某部位)；enlargev．扩大，多指具体物品如相片的放大；enlargeyourvocabulary扩大词汇量expandv．指范围、体积的扩大、增大，也可以指内容或细节的充实。expandthebusiness扩展业务即学即练判断下列句子中stretch的含义/完成句子①Ahugecloudofsmokestretchedacrossthehorizon.____________②Tightnessinthismusclecanleadtoseriousbackpain,soit'simportanttostretchit.____________③Aspider'swebcanstretchconsiderablywithoutweakening．____________④学习了一段时间之后，你应当起来活动活动腿脚。Afterstudyingforsometime,yououghttogetupand____________________．9.rangen．（变动或浮动的）范围，界限，区间；一系列；山脉v．（在一定的范围内）变化，变动；（按一定位置或顺序）排列(1)awide/fullrangeof...各种各样的……in/withinrange(of...)在(……)可及的范围内outof/beyondrange(of...)超出(……的)范围in/outofone'spricerange在/不在某人能承受的价格范围内(2)rangefrom...to...在……与……之间变化；包括从……到……之间rangebetween...and...在……与……之间变化❶Thisschoolprovidesafullrangeofactivitiesforstudents.这所给学生们提供各种活动。❷Theexpensivecariswelloutofhispricerange.这辆昂贵的汽车远远超出了他能承受的价格范围。❸BetweenItalyandFrance，thereisamountainrangecalledAlps.在意大利和法国之间，有一条被称作阿尔卑斯山的山脉。语境助记Theytalkedamiablyandeasilyaboutarangeoftopics.他们亲切而又轻松地谈着一系列的话题。即学即练完成句子①她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,______________chef________swimminginstructor.②这些城市的人口在300万到500万之间。Thepopulationofthesecities____________3million________5million.10.stickwith坚持，持续stickto(to为介词)坚持；遵守；信守stickout(ofsth)伸出；探出；突出get/bestuckin(＝get/becaughtin)被陷在……；被卡在……❶Practicingistiresome,butstickwithitandsomedayyouwillbeagoodpianist.练琴是让人厌烦的，但继续练下去，终有一天你将成为一位好的钢琴演奏者。❷Hepromisedtohelpusandhestucktohisword.他答应过帮助我们，他没有食言。❸Hestuckhisheadoutofthecarwindow.他把头探出车窗外。❹Thebusgotstuckinthesnowandwehadtowalktherestoftheway.公共汽车陷在雪中了，剩下的路我们只好步行了。即学即练完成句子①Youshouldchooseanactivitythatyouenjoyandonethatyou'll_______________．(坚持)②Thecar______________________(陷入)thesnowcouldn'tstart.③米格尔决心坚持自己的决定。Miguelwasdeterminedto________________________(坚持)hisdecision.11.energyn．能，能量；精力；能源(1)fullofenergy精力充沛saveenergy节约能源alternativeenergy可替代能源(2)energeticadj.精力旺盛的；充满活力的❶Takingrightamountofexerciseeverydaycanmakeusfullofenergy.每天适量运动可以使我们充满活力。❷Thecountryshouldattachgreatimportancetoenergysavingandenvironmentalprotection.那个国家应当重视能源节约和环境保护。❸Withnaturalresourcesbeingfewerandfewer,howtomakeuseofalternativeenergy,suchassunlightandwind,hasbeeourtoppriority.随着自然资源越来越少，如何利用可替代能源，如太阳能和风能，已成为我们的当务之急。词语辨析energy/power/strength/force易混词区别例句energy主要指人的精力、活力和自然界的能源。Sheputallherenergiesintoherwork.她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。power常用来指能量、动力、权力、影响力等。Wecanusethepowerofthewindtogenerateelectricity.我们可以使用风力来发电。strength指某人或某物所具有的内在力量，如体力、力气、意志力量。Heisamanofgreatstrength.他是个大力士。force常指暴力、武装力量，也可指兵力和军队。Wehadtouseforcetogetintothehouse.我们不得不破门而入。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①Ifindthatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakesmefeelmore________(energy).②Ithinkifyouinsistonitforalongtime,you'llbefull________energyandneverfeeltired.③Youarealways______________(精力充沛).Canyoutellmethesecret?④Asthereislessandlesscoalandoil,scientistsareexploringnewwaysofmakinguseof______________________________(可替代能源),suchassunlight,windandwaterforpowerandfuel.12.averagen．平均数；平均水平，一般水准adj.平均的；一般的；普通的；典型的onaverage平均来看anaverageof平均是……above/belowaverage高/低于平均水平❶Thereisverylittlerainhere,merely60mminayearonaverage.这儿雨水极少，平均每年只有60毫米。❷Tibetliesatanaverageofover4，000metresabovesealevel.西藏平均海拔4000米以上。❸Tom'sworkatschoolisaboveaverage.汤姆的功课在是中等以上水平。❹Theaverageageoftheboysinthisclassisfifteen.这个班男生的平均年龄是十五岁。❺Therewasnothingspecialaboutthemeal;itwasaverage.饭菜没什么特别，挺平常的。语境助记Freddywasanaveragestudent，butnotanaverageperson.弗雷迪是一名普通学生，但不是个普通人。即学即练单句语法填空①________average,50topstudentsinthekeymiddleschoolgotoBeijingUniversityandTsinghuaUniversityeachyear.②Hewasagoodstudentandscored________averageinmostsubjects.③Parentsspend________averageof$220ayearontoysfortheirchildreninthecity.13.throughoutprep.自始至终；各处，遍及adv.到处，始终throughouttheday/year整个白天/一年throughouttheworld全世界throughoutone'slife终生❶Theyexporttheirproductstomarketsthroughouttheworld.他们把产品出口到世界各地的市场。❷Theputersdirectmirrorstoturnalongwiththesunthroughouttheday.这些电脑引导镜子在一天中随着太阳转动。❸Thehotelwasredecoratedthroughout.这家旅馆全部重新装修了一遍。特别提示①throughout作介词，后接表示时间或地点的名词，意为“在整个期间”“从一端至另一端”，即“在整个地区”；②allover意为“在(遍及)……的各部分”，只接表示地点的名词。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子①ManycountriesinAsia,forexampleChinaandThailand,havealotoftourists________theyear.②一杯咖啡不足以让我一整天都保持清醒。Acupofcoffeeisnotenoughtokeepmeawake____________________________．14.makeupfor弥补，补偿(1)makeup编造；形成；构成；铺床；补上(失去的东西)(2)bemadeupof由……组成(3)makeout辨认清楚；看清(4)makeit获得成功(5)makethemostof充分利用❶Theworkershavemadeuptheirmindstomakeupforthelosttime.工人们已经下决心弥补失去的时间。❷Hemadeupanexcuseabouthisdaughterbeingsick.他编了个借口，说他的女儿生病了。❸Girlsmakeup56%ofthestudentnumbers.女生占学生人数的56%。❹Themitteeismadeupofrepresentativesfromeverystate.该委员会由来自每个州的代表组成。❺TheyweresofarawaythatIcouldn'tmakeouttheirfacesclearly.他们离得那么远，我看不清楚他们的脸。❻Putyourheartinyourstudyandyouwillmakeit.把心放在学习上，你会成功的。❼We'veonlygotonedayinParis,sowe'dbettermakethemostofit.我们在巴黎只有一天时间，所以我们最好充分利用这一天。联想拓展“动词＋副词＋介词”结构：lookdownon轻视，瞧不起lookupto尊敬，敬重breakawayfrom脱离；逃离keepawayfrom远离runoutof用完，用尽thinkhighlyof对……评价高,addupto总数为liveupto不辜负getdownto开始catchupwith赶上eupwith提出，想出(答案等)getalong/onwith与……相处putupwith容忍doawaywith摆脱，废除goonwith继续即学即练用make的相关短语完成句子。①Yourholidayissupposedtobe________________toimproveyourabilities.②Heneverreally________________asanactor.③Icouldjust________________afigureinthedarkness.④Nothingcan________________thelossofachild.⑤Hehadnochoicebutto________________anexcusetoexplainhisbeinglate.15.injuryn．伤害，损伤(1)dosb.aninjury＝doaninjurytosb.使某人受伤害(2)injurevt.伤害，损害injuredadj.受伤的theinjured伤员❶Severaltrainpassengerssufferedseriousinjuriesinthecrash.在这次撞车事故中，火车上有几名乘客受了重伤。❷Mikeisoutofthebasketballteambecauseofaterribleheadinjury/aterribleinjurytohishead.迈克因头部受了重伤而退出了篮球队。❸Don'tdothat.You'lldoyourselfaninjury.＝Don'tdothat.You'lldoaninjurytoyourself.别那样做。你会把自己弄伤的。❹Somepeoplehavebeenseriouslyinjuredintheroadaccident.在这次交通事故中一些人受伤严重。词语辨析injure,harm,wound与hurtinjure一般指由于意外或事故造成的损伤harm表示对身体、物质或精神上的严重损害，常指伤害人的肉体，损坏东西以及损害健康、品质、事业等wound主要用于肉体上的“创伤”，一般指严重的外伤，主要指在战场上受枪弹伤害hurt普通用语，在口语中常见。主要指有生命的东西“受伤”。既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害即学即练单句语法填空①The________(injure)weretakentothenearbyhospitalbyanambulance.②Thefirefighterscouldn'tgetclosetotheburninghouseintime,resultinginseveraldeathsand________(injure).③LastSaturday,Iwentfishingwithmyfellows,onlytohavemyleftfoot________(injure).16.equipmentn．设备；配备，装备(1)apieceofequipment一件设备officeequipment办公室设备(2)equipvt.装备，配备；使有能力，使有所准备equipsb./sth.withsth.给……配备……equipsb.forsth.使某人胜任……beequippedwithsth.配备某物❶Thispieceofequipmentisanexcitingnewdevelopment.这台设备是一项振奋人心的最新研究成果。❷Apieceofequipmenthasbeentransportedtothisfactory.一台设备已被运到了这家工厂。❸Theyspentalotofmoneyequippingtheschoolwithnewputers.他们花了很多钱给配备新电脑。❹Theroomsareequippedwithvideocameras.房间里都装了摄像机。联想拓展v.＋-ment→n.development发展即学即练单句语法填空①He________(equip)withmuchexperienceinteaching.②Agoodeducationshouldequipyou________life.③Ourfactorydevelopsandmakesoffice________(equip)andteachingfacilities.④Weshouldequipourchildren________agoodeducation.17.lackn．缺乏，匮乏，短缺vt.&vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺)(1)(a)lackof缺乏forlackof...由于缺乏……(2)lack(for)sth.缺乏某物(3)lackingadj.缺乏的belackingin...缺少……❶Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsand(a)lackofexercise.健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺少锻炼密切相关。❷Hewasfiredbythebossforlackofskills.他因为技能不足被老板解雇了。❸Itmaybeagoodreport,butitseemstolack(for)facts.这也许是一份好报告，但似乎缺少事实依据。❹Heislackinginconfidence.他缺乏信心。＝Helacksconfidence.语境助记Herbrainwasbefoggedbylackofsleep.她因缺乏睡眠而头脑昏沉。即学即练单句语法填空①Though________(lack)experience,hewaswillingtoworkhard.②Forlack________money,theprojecthadtobestopped.③Thisboywas________(lack)inconfidence.④________lackofcarefromfamilymembersresultedinhisproblems.►第二版块|重点句型解构1.（教材P17）Whenyouplananexerciserouti