2022-2023学年河南省高三英语上学期入学摸底考试（一）附答案解析

2022-2023学年河南省高三英语上学期入学摸底考试（一）

考生注意：

1.本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。

2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转

涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话•每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读

一遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.WhenwillJimprobablygethisticket?

A.At7：00.B.At9；00.C.At10：00.

2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theman'shobbies.B.Theman'suncle.C.Theman'sholidayplan.

3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Atcanteen.

4.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Tryingonahat.B.Takingaphoto.C.Paintingapicture.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherlifehere?

A.Difficult.B.Satisfying.C.Unforgettable.

第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各

小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6.Whatisthewomangoingtodothisafternoon?

A.Goswimming.B.Doherhomework.C.Prepareforatest.

7.Whenwillthespeakersgoswimming?

A.NextMonday.B.Ontheweekend.C.NextTuesday.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fellowworkers.C.Classmates.

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9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.Shehasmuchworkexperience.

B.Shewillgraduateinayear.

C.Shegraduatedfromcollegethissummer.

10.Whatistheheadmasterlike?

A.Serious.B.Bad-tempered.C.Easy-going.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?

A.Toinvitehimtothepaintingexhibition.

B.Tointroducetohimsomefamouspainters.

C.Toaskhimtobuyaticketforher.

12.Whencanthespeakersgetthetickets?

A.After9a.m.onSaturday.

B.After8a.m.onThursday.

C.After7a.m.onMonday.

13.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Husbandandwife.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whatisthewoman'smajor?

A.Architecture.

B・Engineering.

C.Informationtechnology.

15.Whatfactordoesthewomancareaboutmostaboutbuildingdesign?

A.Safety.

B.Advancedtechnology.

C.Environmentalprotection.

16.Whatkindofmaterialisnotneededtodefendagainstanearthquake?

A.Flexiblematerial.R.Strongmaterial.C.Softmaterial.

17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman*sideas?

AAwful.B.Awesome.C.Impractical.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.What'sthepurposeofthespeech?

A.Tointroducetheleaguetonewmembers.

B.Tocelebratethefoundingofanewleague.

C.Topromotethecooperationamongteammembers.

19.Howmanyteamsdidtheyhavewhentheywerefirstfounded?

A.19teams.B.30teams.C.4teams.

20.What'sthebasicrequirementforenteringthebasketballleague?

A.Raceandsex.B.Minimumage.C.Teamworkspirit.

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第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Sittingontheedgeoftheworld,Sydneyisconsideredasoneoftheworld'sgreatestcities

forareason.WanttorelaxyourselfinSydney?TliisshortlistofthingstodoandseeinSyd­

neyshouldpointyouintherightdirection.

Hitthebeaches

EveryoneknowsaboutBondiBeachanditsIcebergspool,restaurantsandthecrashing

wavesarethepostcardimageofSydney.BondiisagreatplacetostartButafteryou've

caughtsomesunortakenasurflessonwithLet'sGoSurfing,we'dsuggesttakingtheCoogee

CoastalWalk.BeginningattheBondiIcebergsswimclub,the3.7-milewalkaffordsamazing

cliffsideviewsofrockpoolsandbays.

Catchashow

Sydneyisfullofeventsandperformanceseverynightoftheweek.Thefirstplacethat

jumpstomindistheiconicSydneyOperaHouse,designedbyJornUtzon.AUNESCOWorld

Heritagesiteythisincrediblepieceofarchitecturedoesn'tjustdoopera.You'llalsofind

stand-upcomedy,ballets,andmore.Butit'snottheonlyplacemSydneyputtingonashow.

The1920sStateTheatre,inthecentralbusinessdistrict,isknowntohostinternational

ballets>concertsandworld-classorchestras.

Gotothezoo

Fromtheskylineviewstothecharminggrounds,there'sareasonwhySydney'sTaronga

Zooattractsmorethan1millionvisitorseveryyear.Theexpansivespaceplayshosttomore

than4,000animals>includingtigers,giraffes,kangaroos?platypus,koalas,Komododrag­

ons,elephants,lionsychimpsandmore.Loveitsomuchthatyouneverwanttoleave?Stay

thenightinoneofitsluxurysafari（狩猎）tents.

Climbthebridge

Nicknameduthecoathanger”,theSydneyHarbourBridgeopenedin1932.LiketheSyd­

neyOperaHouse,itwasanengineeringmasterpiecethatwaswayaheadofitstime.Sure,

youcanwalkorcycleacrossthebridge,butthebestwaytoappreciatethearchitecturalwon­

derisupcloseandpersonal.

21.WhatcanyoudoatBondiBeach?

A.Enjoyanoutdoorconcert.B.Appreciateincrediblearchitecture.

C.Enjoycliffsideviews.D.CyclealongtheCoogeeCoast.

22.What'srecommendedforanovernightstayinTarongaZoo?

A.Inasafaritent.B.Inyourowncar.

C.Atafive-starhotel.D.Onarestbench.

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23.WhatdoSydneyOperaHouseandHarbourBridgehaveincommon?

A.Theybothholdoperas.

B.Theyareengineeringclassics.

C.Theywerebuiltinthe19thcentury.

D.TheyareontheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist.

B

Imaginethatyoutakeawalkaroundyouryardornearbyparkandimmediately,the

soundsofaninsectbandsurroundyou.Producedbythemuscularmovementsofinsectscalled

treehopper（角蝉）,thisimaginedsoundscapecomesfromvibrations（共鸣，振动）thatflow

acrossthesurfaceofplants.Butitisnotatalllikethefamiliarvocalizationsofcrickets

（蟋蟀）；instead,it'ssomethingricher,morevaried.Somesoundsaresong-like,othersare

similartothenoisesofmachinesormusicalinstruments.Thenoisemadefromevenasingle

plantmaybe“asnoisyasabusystreet".

InAnImmenseWorld：HoruuAnimalSensesRevealtheHiddenRealmsAroundUs,

Pulitzerprize-winningsciencejournalistEdYongexplainsthat,onarealwalkinsteadofthis

onewe'veimagined,humanswouldnotbeabletohearthetreehoppers'musicwithoutspecial

equipment.Inthecompanyofscientistswithalaservibrometer（振动计），adevicethat

changesthetreehoppervibrationsintosoundsaudibletohumanears,Yonggetstohearthem

inthewildandinthelaboratory.Heisshockedbytheattractivesounds.

Inthisbookthatfollowsonfrom2018*sIContainMultitudes,Yongwritesinaperfect

balanceofscientificseverityandpersonalaweasheinvitesreaderstograspsomethingofhow

otheranimalsexperiencetheworld.Communicatingthroughsurfacevibrationsisarathercool

examplethatextendsbeyondtreehopperstoelephantsandspiders,andtothisfactabout

frogs：Attunedtovibrationsenteringtheeggs,froghatchesquicklyifasnakeshowsupwith

ahardbite,butignorerain,wind,footstepsandevenanearthquake.

Myadmirationforthebookis,well,immenseLikemanythousandsofotherpeople,I

havereliedthroughoutthecourseofCOVID-19onYong'sreportingatTheAtlanticashe

crackedopenthefast-changingworldofpandemicscience.Now,withAnImmense'World,

Yongbringsintobeautifulfocusahostofotheranimalsensoryworldsthatco-existwithours,

andhowwemayprotectthem.

24.Howdoesthesoundscapecomeaboutaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.Itcomesfromhumans'muscles.

B.Itarisesfromthevocalizationsofcrickets.

C.Itcomesfromanimaginableworld.

D.Itarisesfromvibrationsflowingacrossthesurfaceofplants.

25.WhycanYonghearthetreehopper*smusic?

A.Becauseofalaserdevice.

B.Becauseofthesurfaceofplants.

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C.Becauseofthenatureoftheinsects.

D.Becauseofthespecialimaginableenvironment.

26.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnImmenseWorld?

A.Itappealstoallkindsofpeoples.

B.Itisaimedatprotectingtheanimals.

C.Itisscheduledtobepublishednextyear.

D.Itdescribesavirtualworldfullofanimals.

27.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Ahistoricalnovel.

C.Abookreview.D.Apersonalbiography.

C

StanfordUniversityresearchershavedevelopedadevicecalledanature-inspiredaerial

grasper,orSNAG,whichcanbeattachedtoaquadcopterdrone（四轴无人机）togiveitfeet

andlegslikethoseofaneagle.Whenequippedwiththedevice,thedroneisabletoflyaround

catchingandcarryingobjectsandperching（栖息）onvarioussurfaces,accordingtoaStanford

newsreleasedatedDec.1,2021,describingthework.

Butcopyingtheflexibilityofbirdswasn'teasytodo.Theresearchersshotvideosof

smallparrotsflyingbackandforthbetweenspecialperchesthatcontainedsensorstomeasure

thephysicalforcesoflanding,perchingandtakeoff.

“Whatsurpriseduswasthattheydidthesameaerialmilitaryexercise,nomatterwhat

surfacestheywerelandingon,woneoftheresearchers,WilliamRoderick,explainedinthe

newsrelease."Theyletthefeethandlethevariabilityandcomplexityofthesurfacetexture

itself,whesaii

Givingadronesimilarabilitiesrequiredtechnologicalfeat.SNAGhasa3D-printedstruc­

turethatimitatesaneagle'slightweightbones»andeachofitslegsisequippedwithamotor

formovingbackandforthandasecondoneforgrasping.

Mechanismsintherobotlegsaredesignedtoabsorbimpactenergyandpassivelychange

itintograspingforce,thewaythatabird'smuscleswould.Asaresult,adroneequipped

withthedevicecangraspsomethingstronglyinjust20milliseconds.Oncetherobot'sfeetare

wrappedaroundaperch,itsankleslockandanaccelerometer-adevicethatmeasuresvibra­

tion-detectsthelandingandactivatesabalancingalgorithm（算法）tostabilizeitonthe

perch.

Elspwhpre»researchersatotherinstitutionsh«vebeenworkingforyearsongiving

dronestheabilitytolandandhangontosomething.Asthis2019Smithsonianarticleexplains,

beingabletolandinvariousplaceshelpsdronestoconserveenergythatwouldexpendby

havingtoremainintheair.That'simportant,becausetheflighttimeofroboticaircraftsis

limitedbytheirbatterypower.

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28.WhatinspiredtheSNAG'sdevelopment?

A.Thewayparrotsperch.B.Themilitaryexercise.

C.The3EXprintedtechnology.D.Theeagle'slightweightbones.

29.Whatmakesthedrones*grabbingsomethingstronglysoquicklypossible?

A.Thepowerfulbattery.

B・Theirabilitytoimitateparrots*takingoff.

C.Theapplicationofadvancedflyingtechniques.

D.Themechanicaldevicesmodelingabird'smuscles.

30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Flighttimeisnotvitaltothedrones.

B.After2019,researchersquiteffortstoimproveflighttime.

C.Flighttimehasbeenaproblembeforethisstudy.

D・Researchingtheabilitytolandandhangontosomethingismeaningless.

31.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Drones,anapplicationtothemilitary

B.Roboticdrones,reallylikebirds

C.Roboticdrones,acomparisonofbirds

D.Quadcopterdrones,advancedtechnology

D

Anewstudysuggeststhatcropinsuranceservesasadisincentive（抑制因素）forfarmers

toadoptclimatechangereliefmeasuresontheircroplands.

ThestudybyresearchersatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityexaminedtheinteractionsof

warmertemperatures,cropyield（产量）riskandcropinsuranceparticipationbyfarmers.For

thestudy,researchersdevelopedmodelsusinghistoricalcounty-levelcornandsoybeanyield

dataintheUnitedStates,withaneyetowardunderstandingtheproductionimpactsofrising

temperatures.

Theresearchersfoundthatvariationincropyieldduetohighertemperaturesrosewhen

morefarmershadcropinsurance.Interestingly,theresultsshowedgreatervariabilityeffects

forcornyieldsthanforsoybeanyields.

"Thiscouldbeanunintendedconsequenceofthegovernment^providingsubsidiesfor

cropinsurance,whichcostsalargesumofmoney*wsaidRodM.Rejesus,professorof

agriculturalandresourceeconomicsatNCStateandtheauthoroftheresearchstudy."The

conceptofmoralcrisiscouldbepresenthere.Ifinsurancewillcovercroplossesduetovarious

effectslikedroughtorsevereweather,afarmermaynotwanttopaytheextraexpensefor

climatechangeadaptationeffortssuchasusingcovercropstoimprovesoilhealth,forexample.”

Thestudymodelsindicatethatanincreaseofdailyminimumandmaximumtemperatures

of1degreeCelsiuswouldincreasecounty-levelcornyieldvariabilityby8.6bushels（1bushel

equalsto35.24L）peracreif80%offarmersinacountyhavecropinsurance.Thesame

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temperatureriseinacountywith10%cropinsuranceparticipationwouldincreasecornyield

variabilitybyjust6.2bushelsperacre.

Theresearchersbringuppossiblesolutionstothissituationforpolicymakers.Theyin­

cludeprovidingmoresubsidiestoencouragefarmers1useofclimatechangereliefeffortslike

soilhealthpractices—andstartinghigh-levelpolicyconversationsabouthowtopossiblyadjust

rulesandguidelinesthatgoverncropinsurancecontractsinordertoreducethedisincentive

effects.

32.Whatdoesthestudyfindaboutcropinsurance?

A.Itensurescropproduction.

B.Itleadstounexpectedsideeffects.

C.Itresultsinworseclimatechange.

D.Itdoesn'tbringanybenefitstofarmers.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"subsidies”inparagraph4mean?

AMarketsupportB.Verbalsupport.

C.Technicalassistance.D.Financialaid.

34.Whatmightexplaintheunintendedconsequenceofcropinsurance?

A.Moralcrisis.B.Lawissue.

C.Studymodels.D.Customchange.

35.Howdidtheauthorshowtheeffectsofcropinsuranceoncornyieldvariability?

A.Bydoingexperiments.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C..Bylistingfigures.D.Byconsultingexperts.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Asoftenaswemovearoundthesedaysforschool,workorfamily,longdistancefriend­

shipsarearealityofadulthood.36,there'snoreasontoletphysicaldistancekeepyou

fromstayingconnected

Bedefiniteandintentionalaboutkeepingyourlongdistancefriend

Ifyouwanttokeeppeopleinyourlife,youhavetotellthemandbereadytoputinthe

effort.

Whetheryou'vejustmovedawayfromyourfriendoryou'vebeenapartforyears,long

distancefriendshipsrequireareciprocal（相互的）commitment.37.Thatmeansfinding

timetohangout.Thatmeansshowingyourfriendthatyouvaluethem.Andthereciprocalis

true-rememberthattheyvalueyou,too.

Usecommonintereststofeelconnectedandgetreal

Developanaanchorwforyourfriendship.Ananchorissomethingthatyouhavein

commonthatactsasatriggertoreachouttoeachother.38soyoueachsendphotosofthe

newdishesyoumakewithalinktotherecipe.Oryoubothlove,let'ssay,theHBOshow

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Euphoria,andyoutexttodiscussaftereachepisode（集）comesout.Itdoesn'treallymatter

whatitis,aslongasithelpsyoustartaconnection.

Don'thesitatetoreachout

Ifyoutwofeellikeyourcommunicationisboring）don'tbeafraidtobethefirstoneto

reachout.Itshowsyourfriendthattheydon'tneedtofearrejection.Bycreatingthespaceto

makeourfriendfeelvalued,wehelpthembecomemorecourageoustotakerisksofintimacy

（亲密）withus.39.

40

Separationishard.Miscommunicationhappens.Andbecausethere'sjustalimited

amountoftimeyougetwithyourfriend,it'seasytoletconflictsgounaddressed.Trynotto

sweepthingsundertherug.Infact,addressingconflictisoneofthewaysyoucanbecome

closerwithyourfriend.

A.Thatmeansreachingout

B.Maybeyoubothlovecooking

C.Bevitaltocommunicateopenly

D.Ifyoudeterminetoabandonthefriendship

E.Conflictsarenaturalandhealthy-addressthemopenly

F.Whiletheymightrequiresomeplansandcreativitytokeepup

G.Wehelpcreatethespaceforthemtowanttoinvestmorewithus

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项。

Anactofkindnesshaswarmedpeople'sheartsafterastrangerleftanoteandboxesof

freefoodoutinapark.Thelastyearhasbeenanespecially41timeformany.Thereare

numerouspeoplewhofindthemselvesin42ofalittlehelp.Andonekind43has

takenituponthemselvestomakeadifferencetosomeoneinneed.Theydidsoby44food

suppliesonaparkbenchforpeopletocollect,freeof45,

Alocalresident46theboxesandbagsoffreefoodonabenchwhile47through

LeithLinkspark.Hethen48itviaFacebookalertingothersthatmaybestrugglingfor

foodduringthecold49period.Thephotoshowedthereweretwobigboxesandabag

packedfullof50suchasbread,rolls,fruitandvegetableswitha51attachedthat

read：”Freetouse,pleaseputthelidbackon.MThe52whosharedthecollectionoffood

commented,**Whata53thingtodo.n

Thisisn'tthefirsttimeasimilar54ofgoodwillhasbeenspottedoverthelastfew

yearsintheareatohelphomelessindividualsandthosestruggling55.Peopleinthecom­

mentssaidthatthishasbeena56occurrenceovertheyears,withonekind-heartedsoul

takingituponthemselvesto57helpduringthewintermonths.

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Alotofpeoplehave58fromanxietyandmentalhealthissuesduringthepandemic

andthistouchinggestureissureto59thosewhostillfeeluncomfortablebeingwithin

closeapproachofothers,It'ssolovelytoseepeoplehavingeachother's60duringtl

mostdifficultoftimes!

41.A.greatB.difficultC.successfulD.excellent

42.A.needB.honorC.memoryD.support

43.A.farmerB.soulC.mindD.teacher

44.A.spoilingB.makingC.leavingD.selling

45.A.payB.controlC.holdD.charge

46.A.cameacrossB.tookinC.gaveoutD.sendup

47.A.drivingB.lookingC.walkingD.sleeping

48.AignoredB.declaredC.promotedD・shared

49.A.summerB.winterC.autumnD.spring

50.A.belongingsB.materialsC.suppliesD.resources

51.A.noteB.letterC.diaryD.picture

52.A.journalistB.localC.photographerD.traveler

53.A.usualB.commonC.kindD.rare

54.A.gestureB.organizationC.numberD.situation

55.A.constantlyB.personallyC.physicallyD.financially

56.A.recentB.clearC.regularD.single

57.A.arrangeB.pretendC.preventD.provide

58.A.sufferedB.differedC.heardD.learned

59.AfrightenB.benefitC.amuseD.treat

60.A.shouldersB.armsC.legsD.backs

第二节（共10小题;每小题L5分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Everypersoninthisworldhastheirownuniqueexperiencesandchallenges-andjustbe­

causetheyaren'tuniversal,itdoesn'tmeantheyaren'tthere.That'swheretheHumanLi­

braryprojectcomesin.Itgivesusachance61(explore)thestoriesthatwemightnever

knowaboutotherwise.Itgivesus62uniqueopportunitytolookattheworldthroughthe

eyesofothers.

Itisdonewithout63(judge),anditleadstounderstanding.TheHumanLibrary

started64theconceptoflivingbooks.Eachpersonbecameanopen"book"andshared

theirownexperiencesinlife.Theywouldtalkabout65lifewaslikeintheirshoes.

Theprojectbeganwithfiftydifferenthumanbookswhichwerehighlightedinanevent

that66(last)forfourdays,67(go)foreighthourseachday,asthehumanbooks

answeredquestionsandhelddiscussions.Now,theHumanLibraryhasbecomesomething

thatreachessomuch68(far)andhashadanimpactonsomanyminds.

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TheHumanLibrarygivespeopleachancetoaskquestions.Itoffersarareoptiontolearn

fromtheperspectiveofthosewho69（affect）byasituation.It*snolongeraboutalways

havinganoutsideperspective.It'sabouthavingachancetogotothesourceand70

（simple）ask.

Wouldyoubewillingtobecomeahumanbookandshareyourownstory?

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有

10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉.

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:L每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Iknowfromyourlastletterthatyouhaveastrongdesiretobuysomespeciallygiftswith

typicalChinesefeatures.I'mextremelydelightedtoofferyousomeconstructiveadvices.Here

aresomedetails.

Initially,ateapotproducingbyWuxiisanextraordinaryalternative.Whatdeservedto

bementionedisthatChinahasaprofoundhistoryconcerningteaculture,whichcoulddate

backthousandsofyearsago.Beside,notonlycandrinkingteapromoteoursenseofsatisfac­

tion,butalsocanimproveoursmemory.

Secondly,thatcallsforourspecialattentionisthetreasureofChina,Panda.Thus,atoy

isnamedBingDwenDwencanbeconsideredduetoitslovelyappearance.

Asthematteroffact,ifyoucantakemysuggestionsintoconsideration,I'msureyour

familywilllovewhatyouchooseforthem

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

你校英文报在全校发起了以"How