2021届高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十五）

2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十五）

-：词汇梳理

1.p。se/pauz/vt.①提出（问题等）②造成（困难等）vi.①摆姿势②假装n.样子

2.vow/vau/n.誓言vt.立誓

3.courtesy/'ko:tisi/n.①谦恭有礼②有礼貌的举止

4.rank/r^gk/n.①排②军衔③社会阶层v.①把…分类②排列

5.genius/'d3i：ni9s/n.天才，天才人物

6.overturn/,ouvo'匕:n/v.①（使）翻倒②颠覆

7.abandon/。'baendon/vt.①抛弃②放弃n.放纵

8.disguise/dis'gaiz/n./v.假装，伪装

9.conceive/kan'si:v/v.①想象②构思③怀胎

10.undo/An'du:/vt.①解开②消除…的影响③撤销

11.obedience/。'bi:dions/n.顺从

12.beloved/bi'lAvid/a,深爱的，钟爱的n.挚爱

13.conspicuous/kan'spikjuos/a.显眼的，明显的

14.exempt/ig'zempt/a.被免除义务（责任）的vt.免除

15.relish/'reliJ7n.①滋味②调味品vt.享受，喜爱

16.persist/pa'sist/vi.①坚持②持续

17.brand/b侬nd/vt.①打烙印于②使铭记n.商标

18.smuggle/'smAgWvt.走私，偷运

19.anonymous/o'nonimas/a.①匿名的②无名的③无特色的

20.extravagant/ik'strasvogont/a.①（花费等）奢侈的②过于昂贵的③（言行等）

放肆的

21.commentary/'komantsri/n.①实况报道②评论

22.divorce/di'vo:s/v.与…离婚vt.使分离n.①离婚②分离

23.rotate/rou'teit/v.①（使）旋转②（使）轮流做

24.drip/dnp/vi.①滴下②漏水n.液滴

25.plausible/'pb:zibol/a.似乎合理的

26.renew/n'nju:/vt.①更新②重新开始③延长（…的）有效期

27.evaluate/i1vaeljueit/vt.评估,评价

28.invaluable/in'vseljuobal/a.非常宝贵的，无价的

29.monitor/'mornto/n.①显示器②（班级的）班长vt.监测

30.crane/krem/n.①鹤②起重机vt.伸长

二：短语梳理

1.nowandthen时而，偶尔

2.offandon断断续续，间歇地

3.offduty下班

4.onalarge/smallscale大/小规模地

5.onaccountof由于

6.on（an/the）average平均，通常

7.onbehalfof代表

8.onboard在船（车/飞机）上

9.onbusiness为了公事，出差

10.onconditionthat如果

11.onduty上班，值班

12.onearth究竟，到底

13.onfire起火，着火

14.onfoot步行

15.onguard站岗，值班

三：阅读训练

（一）

Onthefirstdayofschoolourteacherintroducedhimselfandchallengedustoget

toknowsomeonewedidn,talreadyknow.Istooduptolookaroundwhenagentle

handtouchedmyshoulder.

Iturnedaroundtofindalittleoldladywithawarmsmile.Shesaid,

uHi,handsome.MynameisRose.I'meighty-sevenyearsold.”

“WhyareyouinuniversityatsuchaYOUNGage?”Iasked.Shereplied,

mheretomeetarichhusband,getmarried,haveacoupleofkids,andthenretireand

travel.w

Iknewshewasjoking.Iwascurious（好奇）whatmighthaveencouragedherto

betakingonthischallengeatherage.

“IalwaysdreamedofhavingauniversityeducationandnowI'mgettingone!”

shetoldme.Webecamefriends.Everydaywewouldtalknonstopafterclass.Ialways

enjoyedlisteningtothis“timemachine“asshesharedherwisdomandexperience

withme.AndRoseeasilymadefriendswherevershewent.

AttheendofthetermweinvitedRosetomakealittlespeech.Sheclearedher

throatandbegan/'Wedonotstopplayingbecauseweareold;wegrowoldbecausewe

stopplaying.!?velearnedafewsecretstostayingyoung,beinghappy,andachieving

success.Youhavetolaughandfindhumoreveryday.You'vegottohavea

dream.Whenyouloseyourdreams,youwilldie.”

“Thereisahugedifferencebetweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Anybody

cangrowolder.Thatdoesn'ttakeanytalentorability.Theideaistogrowupby

alwaysfindingtheopportunityinchange

1.WhentheauthorandRosefirstmet,theybegantheirconversationina(n)_manner.

A.politeB.impoliteC.seriousD.humorous

答案:D由“Iknewshewasjoking.”可知,他们第一次见面时是以一种幽默的

方式问候的。

2.Rosewenttotheuniversityinorderto.

A.meetarichhusband

B.makenewfriends

C.getabetterjob

D.getauniversityeducation

答案:D由第五段首句"Ialwaysdreamedofhavingauniversityeducationand

nowTmgettingone!,,可知，她上大学的目的是为了接受大学教育。

3.TheauthorconsideredRoseasa“timemachine"because.

A.shealwayscametoclassontime

B.shemadefriendseasilyatuniversity

C.sheenjoyedalonglifeandhadlotsofwisdomandexperience

D.sheknewthedifferencebetweengrowingolderandgrowingup

答案:C由第五段中的"asshesharedherwisdomandexperiencewithme”可

知,C项为正确选项。

4.FromthispassageweknowRosebelieved“”

A.Easiersaidthandone.

B.Wellbegunishalfdone.

C.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.

D.Readingmakesafullman.

答案:CA项意为“说着容易，做着难”;B项意为“良好的开端是成功的一半”;C

项意为“活到老，学到老”；D项意为“阅读使人充实:由全文可知，虽然罗丝已

有87岁的高龄，却仍然乐意进入大学学习。故C项符合罗丝的想法。

（二）

BarbaraMorgan?slife-longdreamhasalwaysbeentotravelintospace.On

August8,2007,herwishcametrue.Theformerteacherwasoneofsevencrewmembers

ontheSpaceShuttle（航天飞机）Endeavour,whichflewintospacefromNASA's

KennedySpaceStationinFlorida.

MorgantaughtataprimaryschoolinBoisefrom1975to1998——withsometime

offforastronaut（宇航员）training.In1985,shewaschosenasabackupforChrista

McAuliffe,whowastobethefirstteacherinspace.OnJanuary28,1986,theSpace

ShuttleChallengerexploded（爆炸）just73secondsaftertake-offkillingMcAuliffe

andtheothersixcrewmembers.

AftertheChallengeraccident,Morgancontinuedtoteach.In1998,shewasasked

tobecomeanastronaut.Morgan'smissionaboardEndeavourincludesoverseeingthe

moveof5,000poundsofgoodsfromtheshuttletotheInternationalSpaceStationand

operatingtheshuttle'sroboticarm.

Morgangavestudentsanunusualclassaftershewasinspace.Morgan's

out-of-this-worldclasswasbroadcastliveonNASAtelevision.HerhusbandClay

Morgansaidhecouldn'thelpbutsmileashewatchedhertalktostudents.aVmjust

soproudofherandhowshe'sgoingtodoallthisanddotheworkofanastronautas

wellasateacher,hesaid.uShejustkepttellingmehowunbelievableitwastobein

spaceandIthinkit'smuchbetterthansheexpected.vOnestudentaskedMorgan

howbeingateachercomparedtobeinganastronaut.uWeexplore,wediscoverandwe

share,vshesaid."Thegreatthingaboutbeingateacheristhatyougettodothings

withstudents,andthegreatthingaboutbeinganastronautisthatyougettodothemin

space;thesearebothwonderfuljobs.”

The25minutesquestion-and-answermeetingalsoincludedtheastronauts

entertaining（使欢乐）studentsbyswallowingfloatingjuicebubblesandplayingwith

ping-pongballs.

l.Theunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans"”.

A.someoneasareplacement

B.someoneasavolunteer

C.someoneasateacher

D.someoneasasupporter

答案:A词义猜测题。从下文可知,1986年1月28日“挑战者号”航天飞机

在起飞73秒后爆炸，使得前飞行员兼教师克里斯塔•麦考利芙和其他六名机组人

员全部遇难。所以这句话的意思是：“1985年,她就是作为克里斯塔•麦考利芙的

后备人员被选中的故选A项。

2.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatBarbaraMorgansaidtoastudentinParagraph4?

A.Gettingtodowithstudentsismuchgreater.

B.Beingateacherisasgreatasbeinganastronaut.

C.AnastronautJslifeismorewonderful.

D.Beingateacherisquitedifferentfrombeinganastronaut.

答案:B推理判断题。由第四段最后一句可知,她说:“当老师是和学生打交道,

这是很好的事情;当宇航员和太空打交道，也是一件很好的事情。它们都是很好的

工作。”故选B项。

3.ClayMorgan'sattitudetowardshiswife'sbeinganastronautwasthatof

A.surpriseB.pride

C.unconcernD.worry

答案:B推理判断题。从第四段中的“hecouldn'thelpbutsmile”和“I'm

justsoproudofher”可知B项正确。

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheFirstFemaleAstronaut

B.SpaceShuttleEndeavour

C.AnUnusualClass

D.BarbaraMorgan'sLong-lifeDream

答案:C主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是美国女教师巴巴拉•摩根给学生们

上的一节课，故C项最合适。

（三）

Iamlucky.Iwenttogreatschools,andIhadgoodteachersthroughoutmylife.Of

allthegreatteachersIhad,myfavoritewasDarleneMcCampbell.

MrsMcCampbellwasmyhighschoolteacheratChicagoLaboratorySchool,and

shestillteachestheretoday.Shetaughtmetobeabetterwriterandbetterreader.But

aboveall,shetaughtmehowtobeabetterstudent.InMrsMcCampbellJsclass,1

wasn'tjusttaughtaboutspellingandgrammar.Iwasencouragedtohavesomethingto

say.Iwasfreetosharemyideasandopinions,withoutfearingjudgment.Shealways

providedsupportandexpressedastrongbelief（信心）inherstudents?potential（潜

力）.Therewasnevertalkoflimits（限制）orwhatwecouldn'tdo.

Herbeliefandsupportcamewithdemandingcoursework.Shemadeitclearthat

inherclass,expectationswerehigh.Sheaskedalotofus,andinturnaskedalotof

herself.Often,therewasmoreredthanblueonourpapers.Sheputinalotofhardwork

andlatenights.

IwouldnotbewhereIamtodayifitweren'tfbrteacherslikeDarlene

McCampbell.Knowingthattherearegreatteacherslikeheracrossthecountry

encouragesme.Theyteachustoshowup,playapartinactivitiesandworkhard.They

encourageustosetgoalsandachievegreatthings.Theyarehelpfulandvery

importanttoastudent'sfutureandtothefutureofeducationinthiscountry.Theyare

myheroes.Onthisspecialday,Isincerelythankthem.

l.WecaninferthatMrsMcCampbellisateacher.

A.historyB.language

C.physics