Unit+3+Fit+for+life+Grammar+and+usage+课件【知识精讲精研】牛津译林版（2020）高中英语选择性必修第二册

GrammarandusagePresentperfectcontinuoustenseUnit3

Fitforlife把自己封闭起来P34 withdrawintooneself能够感知不同程度的压力 becapableoffeelingvaryingdegreesofpressure因……而感激 begratefulfor义肢P35 artificiallimbs反馈感官信息给某物 feedsensoryinformationbackintosth获得关于某物的专利 takeoutapatentonsthLead-inIfsomeonelosehishandsasaresultofcaraccident,whatwouldhe/shedo?newrobotichand!•Weusethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandisstillcontinuingnow,oranactionthathasjustfinishedbutisstillconnectedwith(1)_______________(thepast/thepresent/thefuture)insomeway.•Theverbformofthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseis

“(2)______________________

”.thepresenthas/havebeendoingWorkingouttherulesGothroughthegrammarnotesonpage99.Workingouttherules一.

现在完成进行时的构成：have/hasbeendoing→“一直在做某事”二.现在完成进行时的作用：表示动作从过去某个时刻开始一直持续到现在，甚至将来，强调进行的过程。1.

I'vebeenworkingwithherfor20years.我与她一起工作有20年了。该句中的固定句型为havebeendoingsth“一直在做某事”，该句中有个延续的时间for20years“20年”，前面的短语havebeenworking“一直在工作”，意为这个动作持续了20年，我和她一起共事了20年之久。2.Hewastired,hehasbeenworkingallday.他累了，他整天都在工作。该句的固定句型为hasbeenworking“持续工作”。他累了，是因为他整天都一直在工作，是一个动作的持续状态。3.ShehasbeenburningthemidnightoiltoprepareforGRE.她最近在熬夜准备GRE考试。该句的固定句型为hasbeenburningthemidnightoil“一直在燃油→一直在熬夜”，burnthemidnight=stayup"熬夜”，是一个动作的持续状态，表示的是她最近一直在做的事情。表示从过去到现在时的一段时间被反复进行的动作或存在的状态。1.Allthesedayshehasbeenwritingarticlestoourmagazine.这些天来他一直在给我们的杂志写文章。该句中的一个时间段是allthesedays“这些天”，他“他一直在给我们写文章”，表示的是一段时间反复进行的动作。2.TomhadbeenphoingAliceeverynightforseveralmonths.几个月来，汤姆每天晚上都给艾丽斯打电话。该句中的固定搭配为hadbeenphoing“一直在打电话”，属于一段时间内反复进行的动作，强调Tom最近几个月反复给Alice打电话。3.HehasbeengoingtoSeattleforahalfayear.他这半年间经常去西雅图。该句中的时间段为forahalfayear.近半年来，句子的固定句型为hasbeengoing，表达的是经常反复去某个地方。）三.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：1.Ihavewaterdedtheflowers.

。（该句属于现在完成时，表示的动作已经完成。该句中的过去分词havewatered“已经浇过花了”，属于动作的完成时，对现在的影响是已经浇过花了，所以现在不浇水了。）2.Ihavebeenwateringtheflowers.（该句属于现在完成进行时。“我一直在给花浇水”，属于一直在做的事情。）3.Theyhavealreadyrepairedthebrokenroad.（该句属于现在完成时。他们把那条损坏的路修好了，是表示的动作已经完成了，所以用havealreadyrepaired的结构。）4.Theyhavebeenrepairingthebrokenroad.（该句属于现在完成进行时，强调的是动作的持续性。havebeenrepairing“一直在维修”。）四.注意状态动词、知觉动词和情感动词see/feel/know/love等，不可用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。Ihaveknownherforalongtime.（该句中的状态动词know是一个非延续的动词，所不能用现在完成进行时，只能用现在完成时。）ApplyingtherulesB1Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets.Applyingtherules1.I__________________(reflect)onthearticleIreadaboutancientmedicineallday.2.I_________________(wait)fortwohourstoseethedoctorbutitisstillnotmyturnyet.3.Mymother________________(write)areportonthenewtreatmentallmorning.4.Thecompany________________(make)herbalmedicinesformorethan100years.5.Scientists________________(do)researchonthediseasesinceitwasfirstdiscoveredintheearly20thcentury.havebeenreflectinghavebeenwaitinghasbeenwritinghasbeenmakinghavebeendoingApplyingtherulesB2Belowisanarticleaboutroboticlimbs.Circlethecorrectexpressionstocompleteit.

ApplyingtherulesIt(1)

isbeingestimated/hasbeenestimatedthatover30millionpeopleworldwidehavelostarmsorlegs,andmanyofthemfailtogetthehelpthattheyneed.Forsometime,they(2)arehopingfor/havebeenhopingforbetter-qualityartificial

limbs.Fortunately,oneexcitingnewadvancecouldhelpthesephysicallydisabledpeopleleadanormallifeagain:roboticlimbs.Overthelastfewyears,scientists(3)havebeendeveloping/willbedevelopingnewkindsofartificiallimbstohelppeopleovercometheirdisabilities.Boboticlimbscandomuchmorethanconventionalartificiallimbs.Someoftheearliestartificiallimbsweremadeofwoodandleather,anduntilrecently,artificiallimbs(4)haveonlyserved/haveonlybeenservingbasicfunctions.Withtheadvancementinrobotictechnology,articficiallimbscannowperformmuchmorecomplextasksandcomeclosertorealhumanlimbs.Notonlycantheymakeamuchwiderrangeofmovements,buttheycanalsobecontrolleddirectlybythebrainandfeedsensoryinformationbackintoit.ApplyingtherulesDavidJonesisoneofateamofscientistsdevotedtomakingevenbetterroboticlimbs.“We(5)havedone/havebeendoingeverythingwecantoadvancethistechnologyandwewillnottakeoutapatentonit,”saidDavid.“Hopefully,moreandmorepeopleinneedofroboticlimbswillbeequippedwiththemandenjoyahigherqualityoflife.”IntensivereadingQuestions:1.Whatweresomeoftheearliestartificiallimbslike?2.Whatcanroboticlimbsdo?3.WhydidDavidJonessaytheywouldnottakeoutapatentonthetechnologyofroboticlimbs?1.Whatweresomeoftheearliestartificiallimbslike?Theyweremadeofwoodandleather,andservedonlybasicfunctions.2.Whatcanroboticlimbsdo?Theycomeclosertorealhumanlimbsandcanperformmuchmorecomplextasks.Theycanevenbecontrolleddirectlybythebrainandfeedsensoryinformationbackintoit.3.WhydidDavidJonessaytheywouldnottakeoutapatentonthetechnologyofroboticlimbs?Becausetheyhop