初中英语人教版九年级上册Unit 8 Section A Grammar Focus-4c

SectionAGrammarFocus-4cObjectivesTolearnthewordsandexpressions:laboratory,outdoors,coat,sleepy...Tolearntomakeinferencesbyusingmust,could,might,can’t.Translatethephrases.outsidethewindowhavefunnext-doorneighboratfirstrunawayfeeluneasyhavenoideahavefun(in)doingsth.在窗外玩得高兴隔壁邻居最初；首先逃跑心神不安一点不知道；没办法做某事很愉快ReviewItcouldbe__________.Italsomightbe______________.Canyouguesswhatitis?ThreebirdsabeautifulfaceCanyouguesswhatitis?Itcouldbe__________.Italsomightbe_________.awhitevasetwofacesItcouldbe______.Italsomightbe________.Canyouguesswhatitis?adogtwogirlsCouldAbebiggerthanB?Infact,AandBmustbe___________________.ABthesamesizeNo.Whichoneisbigger,AorB?Whosevolleyballisthis?Whosehairbandisthis?ItcouldbeMei’shairband.OritmightbelongtoLinda.Theybothhavelonghair.Whatdidyouseethatnight?I’mnotsure,butitcan’tbeadog.Itwasbigger.Ithinkitmightbeabearorawolf.GrammarFocusItmustbeCarla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.Whosevolleyballisthis?ItmustbeCarla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.Whosehairbandisthis?ItcouldbeMei’shairband.OritmightbelongtoLinda.Theybothhavelonghair.Whatdidyouseethatnight?I’mnotsure,butitcan’tbeadog.Itwasbigger.Ithinkitmightbeabearorawolf.Whosevolleyballisthis?It________Carla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.mustbe

Whosehairbandisthis?It________Mei’shairband.Orit________mightbelongtoLinda.Theybothhavelonghair.couldbe

might

Whatdidyouseethatnight?I’mnotsure,butit________adog.Itwasbigger.Ithinkit_________abearorawolf.can'tbe

mightbe

Use“must”toshowthatyouthinksomethingisprobablytrue.Use“might”or“could”toshowthatyouthinksomethingispossiblytrue.Use“can’t”toshowthatyouarealmostsuresomethingisnottrue.Grammar—Whosevolleyballisthis?—ItmustbeCarla’s.Shelovesvolleyball.—Whosebookisthis?—ItmustbeMary’s.J.K.Rowlingisherfavoritewriter.—Whosehairbandisthis?—ItcouldbeMei’s.Readthesentencesbelow,payingattentiontothecoloredparts.—Whosenotebookisthis?—ItmustbeMing’s.Ithashernameonit.—WhoseFrenchbookisthis?—ItcouldbeCarol’s.ShestudiesFrench.—Whoseguitaristhis?—ItmightbelongtoAlice.Sheplaystheguitar.—WhoseT-shirtisthis?—Itcan’tbeJohn’s.Itistoosmallforhim.Readmoresentences.

表示推测的情态动词

在英语中，表示对某件事物的确定程度，即表示推测的时候，我们通常会用到以下情态动词，must,might,could,may,can’t,couldn’t.can’tcouldmight100%probablytrue20%-80%possiblytrue0almostnottruemustLearntomakeinference程度肯定句否定句疑问句must★★★★√may★★★√√might/could★★√√√√can’t/can★√√can和could的区别和用法1.can表示体力和脑力方面的能力，

或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“能力”。例如：►CanyouspeakEnglish?

►Canyoumakeacake?

can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的“猜测”或“不肯定”。►Canthenewsbetrue?

(在日常会话中，can可代替may表示“允许”，may比较正式。)2.could是can的过去式，表示过去有过的能力和可能性，还有怀疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑问句中)。►Shecouldn’tskatewhenshewasfiveyearsold.（能力）►Atthattimewethoughtthestorycouldbetrue.（可能性）

could用来提问，是有礼貌的请求Could....Please?

语气较为婉转。►CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?might和may的区别和用法:

1.may的用法:

a.表示“允许”或“请求”。►MayIcomein?

在使用这一用法时需注意：may表示“允许”的否定形式是mustnot，意思是“不应该”，“不许可”。►

—MayItakethisbookoutofthereading-room?

—No,youmustn’t．

b.表示说话人的猜测，认为某一事情“或许”或“可能”发生。►Hemayknowtheanswer．

c.may用在感叹句中可表示祝愿、愿望。►Mayyousucceed．(祝你成功。)►Mayyouhaveapleasantjourney．(一路平安。)2.might的用法:a.might可以代替may，表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。►MightItakeasuggestion？

b.might用来表示现在时间时，还可表示“规劝”。►YoumightpaymoreattentiontospokenEnglish．must与haveto的区别haveto比较强调客观需要，must着重说明主观看法。另外haveto能用于更多时态，比较下面的句子：►Wehadtobethereat10:00.有时两者都可以用，意思差别不大。►Wemust/havetoleavenow.must在表示说话人对事物的推测时候要注意它，比may肯定得多，相当于汉语的“一定”或“是”。(只有在肯定句中能这样用。)Thismustbeyourroom．

►

在回答由must引起的问题时,如果是否定的答复，不能用mustn’t,

而需要用needn’t或don’thaveto,因为mustn’t是“一定不要”的意思。1.—Whosebookisthis?—ItmustbeMary’s.ItmustbelongtoMary.3.ThehairbandmightbelongtoLinda.mightbeLinda’s.2.—WhoseFrenchbookisthis?—ItcouldbeAli’s.ShestudiesFrench.4.TheT-shirtcan’tbeJohn’s.It’smuchtoosmallforhim.(肯定；一定)(可能)(可能)(不可能)1.—AreyougoingtoBeijingbyplane?—It’sfast,butexpensive.SoIamnotsure.I____takeatrain.A.shouldB.mayC.mustD.will2.—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar．A.must

B.can

C.may

D.need1.A:Where’sJean?B:I’mnotsure.She_________(is/mightbe/mustbe)inthelaboratory.2.A:Everyoneisgoingtothepoolafterschool.B:Really?It_________(mustbe/can’tbe/couldbe)hotoutdoors.mightbemustbe4aChoosethebestwaytocompleteeachsentenceusingthewordsinthebrackets.3.A:That’sthephone.B:Hmm.Iwonderwhoit________(mustbe/couldbe/shouldbe).4.A:IwonderiftheseareJim’sglasses.B:They________(can’tbe/mightbe/couldbe)his.Hedoesn’twearglasses.5.A:Ihearwaterrunninginthebathroom.B:It_________(couldbe/mustbe/can’tbe)Carla.Shewasthinkingoftakingashower.couldbecan’tbemustbe1.A:Manypeoplearewearingcoats.B:Theweathermustbe________.2.A:Sallyhasbeencoughingalot.B:Shemightbe_______.A:Thisrestaurantisalwayscrowed.B:Thefood_____________.4.A:WheneverItrytoreadthisbook,Ifeelsleepy.B:Itcan’t________________.beinterestingcoldillmustbedelicious4bCompletethereresponses.4cLookatthispictureofaroom.Howmuchcanyoutellaboutthepersonwholiveshere?Isitaboyoragirl?Whatarehis/herhobbies?Discussyourideaswithapartner.A:Itcouldbeagirl’sroombecauseit’sverytidy.B:Iguessso.Butitmightbeaboy’sroombecausetheclotheslooklikeboys’clothes.Lookatthetworoomsbelow.Makeguessesabouttheownerofeachroom.1.—Who’ssinginginthenextroom?—It____beher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.A.can’tB.mustC.shouldn’tD.canExercises2.—WhoseT-shirtisthis?—It______beJohn’s.It’s______smallforhim.A.can’t;muchtooB.can’t;toomuchC.mustn’t;muchtooD.mustn’t;toomuchAA3.—Whereareyougoingthismonth?—We______gotoXiamen,butwe'renotsure.A.needn’tB.mustC.mightD.mustn'tC4.—Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?—Notyet.We_______gotoQingdao.It'sagoodplaceforvacation.A.mayB.needC.mustA5.—MustIwatertheflowersnow,mum?—No,you______.You_____doitlater.A.mustn’t;mustB.mustn’t;mayC.needn’t;mayD.needn’t;must6.—______Iknowbywhattimeyouwanttheprojecttobedone?—Bythedayaftertomorrow.______youfinishitontime?A.May;Can B.Must;Need C.Could;Must D.Nee