广东省六校2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考英语试题 Word版含解析

东莞中学、广州二中、惠州一中、深圳实验、珠海一中、中山纪念中学2024届高三第二次六校联考试题英语本试卷共8页，满分120分，折算成150分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASoontherewillbeaReviewBlitz!Inamonth,wearesearchingforreasonablereviewsthatreflectyoursincereopinions.JustkeepinmindthatthedeadlineforyourreviewsisOctober23,2023.Rules:Toenter,youmustbeateen(aged13-19)withaTeenCreativityaccount.Submissionsoughttoberelevanttothetopic.Eachreviewmustbenomorethan250words.Thereisnorestrictiononthenumberofpiecesyoucansubmit.Guidelines:Giveabriefsummaryofthebook.Avoidexplainingtheentireplotortellingyourreaderhowthebookends.Informthereaderwhatyoulikeordislikeaboutthebook.Recommendthebooktospecificreaders.Doesthebooklenditselfwelltoolderteens?Wouldsciencefictionenthusiastsshowinterestinthisbook?It’shelpfulforreaderstothinkaboutthebookinlightofotherbooksthey’veread.Rememberthatit’sokaytohaveastrongopinion!Don’tstartsentenceswith“Ithink”,“Ibelieve”or“Inmyopinion”.Prizes:Allparticipantswillbegivenacertificate.FirstprizewinnerswillrespectivelyhaveonereviewpublishedinTeenCreativitymagazineandobtainafree6-monthmagazinesubscription.Second-placewinnerswilleachreceiveafree3-monthmagazinesubscription.You’llreceivetheseprizesbeforeDecember28,2023.Submityourworksto.Wehopereviewingbooksbringsyoujoy.1.WhichofthefollowingmeetstherequirementofReviewBlitz?A.Apersoncanpresentnomorethanonepieceofwork.B.Eachpieceofworkcanhaveamaximumof250words.C.Reviewsmustbewrittenbypeopleunder20yearsold.D.WorksmustbeuploadedbytheendofOctober2023.2.Whatshouldparticipantsincludeintheirreviews?A.Thelikesanddislikesofthebook.B.Therecommendationtoallreaders.C.Statementscontaining“Inmyopinion”.D.Asummarythatdemonstratesthewholeplot.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Self-learners. B.Teachingstaff.C.Professionaltrainers. D.Bookishadolescents.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是寻找反映读者真诚意见的合理评论的广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Rules:下列条目中“Eachreviewmustbenomorethan250words.(每篇评论不得超过250字。)”可知，ReviewBlitz的要求每篇文章最多250字。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Guidelines:下列条目中“Informthereaderwhatyoulikeordislikeaboutthebook.(告诉读者你喜欢或不喜欢这本书。)”可知，参与者在他们的评论中应该包括对这本书的喜好和厌恶。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Inamonth,wearesearchingforreasonablereviewsthatreflectyoursincereopinions.(在一个月内，我们正在寻找反映您真诚意见的合理评论。)”和最后一段中“Submityourworksto.Wehopereviewingbooksbringsyoujoy.”（提交你的作品到。我们希望读书给你带来快乐）可知，本文是寻找反映读者评论的，所以，这篇文章的读者是爱读书的青少年。故选D项。BWhenImadethedecisiontoquitmyfull-timeemployment,IneverthoughtthatIcouldgetinvolvedinanincreasingglobaltrend.Ihadtoleavemyrelativelyhigh-profilepositionforanunexpectedmovethathurtmyprideandpreventedmefromgettingpromoted.Yet,Iexcusedmydeparturebysaying“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily”.Curiously,afteraroundtwoandahalfyears,myexperienceinwhatAmericansrefertoas“downshifting”hasturnedmyexcuseintoanabsolutereality.IhavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofLindaKelsey’s“haveitall”concept,whichshehasbeenpromotingforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoiscontenttoacceptalittlebitofeverything.Ihavediscoveredthatabandoningtheideaof“jugglingyourlife”andadoptingthealternativestrategyof“downshifting”hasbenefitsthatgofarbeyondfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldconvincemetogobacktothelifestyleKelseyusedtopromoteandwhichIhadpreviouslyenjoyed:12-hourworkdaystightdeadlines,theterrifyingpressureofofficepolitics,andthedemandofbeingaparenton“qualitytime”.Afterthewidespreadlayoffs(裁员)broughtonbycost-cuttinginthelate1980s,Americastartedtomovetowardasimpler,lessmaterialisticwayoflifeasaresponsetotheeconomicdownturn.InAmerica,simplifyingone’slifeisfrequentlydoneforfinancialreasons,butinBritain,atleastamongthemiddleclassIknow,wehavedifferentmotivationsfordoingso.Forthewomenofmygenerationwhowereencouragedtokeepjuggling,downshiftingisnotsomuchasearchforamythical(虚无的)goodlife—growingyourownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone—asapersonalrecognitionofyourlimitations.4.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.Thewriterdidn’ttakeprideinheroriginaljob.B.Full-timeemploymentisanewinternationaltrend.C.Thewriterwaseagertospendmoretimewithherfamily.D.Thewriterwasforcedtoresignduetoanexternalfactor.5.Whatdoweknowaboutdownshiftingaccordingtothetext?A.Thewriterabandonedherhighsocialstatusfordownshifting.B.Downshiftingallowedthewritertomakeherdreamcometrue.C.Thewriterchangedherwayofthinkingthroughdownshifting.D.ThewriteracceptedtheconceptofShemagazinebecauseofdownshifting.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“jugglingyourlife”inparagraph3mean?A.Settlingforabitofeverything.B.Choosingtoliveasimplelife.C.Adoptingabusyandstressfullifestyle.D.Stayingawayfromamaterialisticwayoflife.7.Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellus?A.Itisnevertoolatetopursueyourdream.B.Downshiftingresultsinamoresatisfactoryandsimplerlife.C.ThereisadifferencebetweentheAmericanandBritishcultures.D.Peopleshouldadoptdownshiftingtosearchformythicalexperiences.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了作者改变了原来繁忙，有压力的生活方式，采取了“降速”的方式，意识到了“降速”有很多好处，同时，生活也变得简单和令人满意。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ihadtoleavemyrelativelyhigh-profilepositionforanunexpectedmovethathurtmyprideandpreventedmefromgettingpromoted.(我不得不离开我相对高调的职位，因为一个意想不到的举动，伤害了我的自尊心，并阻止我得到晋升。)”可推知，由于外部因素，作者被迫辞职。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Curiously,afteraroundtwoandahalfyears,myexperienceinwhatAmericansrefertoas“downshifting”hasturnedmyexcuseintoanabsolutereality.IhavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofLindaKelsey’s“haveitall”concept,whichshehasbeenpromotingforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoiscontenttoacceptalittlebitofeverything.(奇怪的是，在大约两年半之后，我在美国人所说的“减速”中的经历使我的借口变成了绝对的现实。我已经从琳达•凯尔西(LindaKelsey)“拥有一切”理念的热情倡导者(她在过去七年里一直在《她》杂志上宣传这一理念)，变成了一个满足于接受一点点所有事情的女人。)”可知，通过“downshifting”，作者已经从“拥有一切”理念的热情倡导者变成了一个满足于接受一点点所有事情的女人，由此可推知，通过“downshifting”作者的思考方式发生了变化，故选C。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线短语下文“NothingcouldconvincemetogobacktothelifestyleKelseyusedtopromoteandwhichIhadpreviouslyenjoyed:12-hourworkdays,tightdeadlines,theterrifyingpressureofofficepolitics,andthedemandofbeingaparenton“qualitytime”.(没有什么能够说服我回到凯尔西曾经提倡的生活方式，也就是我以前喜欢的生活方式：12小时的工作时间，紧迫的截止日期，办公室政治的可怕压力，以及作为家长对“高质量时间”的要求。)”可知，作者以前的生活方式是繁忙的，有压力的，结合画线短语所在句子“Ihavediscoveredthatabandoningtheideaof“jugglingyourlife”andadoptingthealternativestrategyof“downshifting”hasbenefitsthatgofarbeyondfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.(我发现，放弃“jugglingyourlife”的想法，采取“降速”的替代策略，其好处远远超出了经济成功和社会地位。)”可推知，作者以前的生活是繁忙，有压力的，如今作者放弃了原来的生活方式，转而“降速”，感到很好，由此可推知，画线短语jugglingyourlife指的是作者以前那种繁忙，有压力的生活方式，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ihavediscoveredthatabandoningtheideaof“jugglingyourlife”andadoptingthealternativestrategyof“downshifting”hasbenefitsthatgofarbeyondfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.(我发现，放弃“繁忙有压力的生活”的想法，采取“降速”的替代策略，其好处远远超出了经济成功和社会地位。)”和最后一段中“Forthewomenofmygenerationwhowereencouragedtokeepjuggling,downshiftingisnotsomuchasearchforamythical(虚无的)goodlife—growingyourownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone—asapersonalrecognitionofyourlimitations.(对于我们这一代被鼓励继续应付的女性来说，降低工作速度与其说是为了追求神话般的美好生活——自己种植有机蔬菜，并冒着变成有机蔬菜的风险——不如说是为了个人认识到自己的局限性。)”可推知，文章主要讲述了作者改变了原来繁忙，有压力的生活方式，采取了“降速”的方式，感到很多好处，生活也变得简单。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是告诉我们“降速”会带来更令人满意和更简单的生活。故选B。CLikemostnerdswhoreadsciencefiction,I’vekeptwonderinghowsocietywillgreettrueartificialintelligence,ifandwhenitarrives.Willwepanic?Ignoreitandgoaboutourdailylives?Hence,it’sbeenfascinatingtowatchtheTwitterspheretrytomakesenseofChatGPT,anewcutting-edgeA.I.chatbotopenedfortestingattheendof2022.ChatGPT—whichstandsfor“generativepre-trainedtransformer”—landedwithasplash.Infivedays,morethanamillionpeoplesigneduptotestit.Inrecentyears,thoughafewA.I.toolshavegottengoodatdoingnarrowandwell-definedtasks,likewritingmarketingcopy,theystilltendtobeweakwhentakenoutsidetheircomfortzones.ButChatGPTfeelsdifferent.Smarter.Moreflexible.Itcanwritejokesandcollege-levelessays.Itcanalsoguessatmedicaldiagnoses,andevenseemsgoodatansweringthetypesofopen-endedanalyticalquestionswhichfrequentlyappearonschoolassignments.ThetechnologythatpowersChatGPTisn’t,strictlyspeaking,new.It’sbasedonwhatthecompanycalls“GPT-3.5,”anupgradedversionofGPT-3in2020.WhiletheexistenceofahighlycapablelinguisticsuperbrainmightbeoldnewstoA.I.researchers,it’sthefirsttimesuchapowerfultoolhasbeenmadeavailabletothegeneralpublicthroughafree,easy-to-usewebinterface.UnlikeGoogle,ChatGPTdoesn’tcrawlthewebforinformationoncurrentevents,anditsknowledgeisrestrictedtothingsitlearnedbefore2021.SinceChatGPTtrainingdataincludesbillionsofexamplesofhumanopinion,representingeveryreasonableview,it’salso,insomesense,moderatebydesign.Withoutspecificprompting,forexample,it’shardtocoax(诱导)astrongopinionoutofChatGPTaboutpoliticaldebates.Usually,you’llgetafairsummaryofwhateachsidebelieves.8.HowdidthepublicinitiallyrespondtoChatGPT?A.Peopleworriedaboutthisnewtechnology.B.ManypeoplefoundithardtounderstandChatGPT.C.Anumberofpeoplecouldn’twaittoregisterforatry.D.MillionsofpeoplewereignorantofthisnewA.I.chatbot.9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.ChatGPTisatypicalA.I.toolusedforspecifiedtasks.B.A.I.appsprovideperfectanswerstoanalyticalquestions.C.ChatGPThelpsdoctorswithseriousmedicaldiagnoses.D.HomeworkmightnotbeaproblemforChatGPTusers.10.InwhichaspectisChatGPTdifferentfromtheGPT-3?A.Peoplecangainaccesstoitfreeofcharge.B.Linguisticresearchersspeakhighlyofit.C.ItiswelcomedbyA.I.researcherswithenthusiasm.D.Itisthefirstpowerfultoolopentothegeneralpublic.11.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.ThefutureofChatGPT.B.ThebrillianceofChatGPT.C.ThedevelopmentofChatGPT.DTheargumentsaboutChatGPT.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT是很智能的。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Infivedays,morethanamillionpeoplesigneduptotestit.(五天之内，超过一百万人注册了测试)”可知，在ChatGPT发布后，很多人第一时间注册了ChatGPT。由此推知，最初，公众对ChatGPT的反应是：许多人迫不及待地想要注册试一试。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Itcanalsoguessatmedicaldiagnoses,andevenseemsgoodatansweringthetypesofopen-endedanalyticalquestionswhichfrequentlyappearonschoolassignments.(它可以写笑话和大学水平的论文。它还可以猜测医疗诊断，甚至似乎善于回答学校作业中经常出现的开放式分析问题)”可知，ChatGPT善于回答学校作业中经常出现的开放式分析问题。由此推知，对于ChatGPT用户来说，家庭作业可能不是问题。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThetechnologythatpowersChatGPTisn’t,strictlyspeaking,new.It’sbasedonwhatthecompanycalls“GPT-3.5,”anupgradedversionofGPT-3in2020.WhiletheexistenceofahighlycapablelinguisticsuperbrainmightbeoldnewstoA.I.researchers,it’sthefirsttimesuchapowerfultoolhasbeenmadeavailabletothegeneralpublicthroughafree,easy-to-usewebinterface.(严格来说，驱动ChatGPT的技术并不是新技术。它基于该公司所称的“GPT-3.5”，即2020年GPT-3的升级版。尽管对于人工智能研究人员来说，语言能力强大的超级大脑的存在可能已经是老生常谈了，但这是第一次通过一个免费的、易于使用的网络界面向公众提供如此强大的工具)”可知，ChatGPT与GPT-3的不同之处在于：人们可以免费使用ChatGPT。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段提出ChatGPT发布后很受人们欢迎；第二段指出ChatGPT与一些人工智能的不同之处在于ChatGPT更智能，更灵活；第三段指出ChatGPT相比于GPT-3的优点；第四段指出ChatGPT相比于Google的优点。由此可知，文章主要介绍了ChatGPT的智慧之处。故选B。DThedodo,aMauritianbirdlastseeninthe17thcentury,willbebroughtbacktoasemblance(外观)oflifeifattemptsbyagene-editingcompanyaresuccessful.Gene-editingtechniquesnowexistthatallowscientiststoextractthedodogenome(基因组)thattheybelievetheycantheneffectivelyrecreatewithinthebodyofalivingrelative.Thescientistsinquestionsaidtheirwork,beyondprovidinganinsightintotheextinctdodo’sexistence,couldhelpinformtheconservationofrarespeciesthatarenotyetextinct.However,thereisafiercedebateamongbiologistsoverwhetherthissortofresearchshouldbepursued.BethShapirotheleadpaleo-geneticist(古遗传学家)atColossal,toldtheGuardianshetriedtopersuadeamuseumtoletherextractDNAfromapreserveddodoexhibitedthere.Shesaidtherewerehundredsofdodosincollectionsaroundtheworld,soithadbeenpossibletosequencethedeadbird’sgenome.Butshewarnedthatthereviveddodocouldneverreplacewhathasbeenmadeextinct.“Itwouldbecrazytothinkthesolutiontotheworld’sbiodiversitycrisiswastobringbackaproxy.”shesaid.BenLamm,thechiefexecutiveofthecompany,saidtheywereraisingafurther150milliondollarstopursuetheresearchonthedodo.Hepointedoutthatitcouldassistconservationeffortsformanyotherthreatenedspeciesaroundtheworld,asitwoulddeveloptechniquesthatcouldallowscientiststodetectandpreservekeyfeaturesinthoseexistingspeciesthatcouldhelpthemadaptinachangingclimate.Prof.EwanBirneyfromEuropeanMolecularBiologyLaboratory,whowasnotinvolvedwithColossal’swork,saiditwouldbe“very,verychallenging”torecreatethedodogenome.Headded,“I’venoideawhethertheprojectwillworkastheyclaim,butthequestionisnotjust‘canyoudothis’,but‘shouldyoudoit?’…I’mnotsurewhatpurposeitserves,andwhetherthisisreallythebestdistributionofresources.Weshouldbesavingthespeciesthatwehavebeforetheygoextinct.”12.Whatcanwelearnaboutdodofromthetext?A.ItisabirdthatisonlyuniquetoMauritius.BTheresearchonithasraisedconflictingopinions.C.Ithasbeensuccessfullybroughtbacktolife.D.Itcouldberecreatedwithintheremainsofarelative.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proxy”meaninparagraph3?A.fake B.creature C.model D.replacement14.What’sProfEwanBirney’sattitudetowardsColossal’swork?A.Critical B.Indifferent C.Supportive D.Conservative15.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ProsandConsofRevivingDodoB.Gene-editingTechniquesinEffectC.ScientistsTryingHardtoRecreateDodoD.AVainAttempttoBringDodoBacktoLife【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是科学家正努力复活渡渡鸟，但是生物学家对是否应该进行这类研究存在激烈的争论。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thescientistsinquestionsaidtheirwork,beyondprovidinganinsightintotheextinctdodo’sexistence,couldhelpinformtheconservationofrarespeciesthatarenotyetextinct.However,thereisafiercedebateamongbiologistsoverwhetherthissortofresearchshouldbepursued.(参与研究的科学家们表示，他们的工作，除了提供对已灭绝渡渡鸟存在的深入了解之外，还可以帮助保护尚未灭绝的稀有物种。然而，生物学家对是否应该进行这类研究存在激烈的争论。)”可知，科学家们对已灭绝的渡渡鸟进行深入的研究，但是，这项研究是否应该进行存在着激烈的争论，由此可知，对渡渡鸟的研究引起了不一致的观点。故选B项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Butshewarnedthatthereviveddodocouldneverreplacewhathasbeenmadeextinct.(但她警告说，复活的渡渡鸟永远无法取代已经灭绝的渡渡鸟。)”可知，BethShapiro认为复活的渡渡鸟永远不会代替灭绝的渡渡鸟，由此可以推测，她所说的话，也就是划线单词所在的句子所表达的意思应与此相同，所以划线单词所在的句子表达的意思应为“解决世界生物多样化危机的方法是带回一个‘替代品’是一个疯狂的想法，所以该单词的意思应与划线单词前的句子中的replace意义相关。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Headded,“I’venoideawhethertheprojectwillworkastheyclaim,butthequestionisnotjust‘canyoudothis’,but‘shouldyoudoit?’…I’mnotsurewhatpurposeitserves,andwhetherthisisreallythebestdistributionofresources.Weshouldbesavingthespeciesthatwehavebeforetheygoextinct.”(他补充说：“我不知道这个项目是否会像他们声称的那样成功，但问题不仅仅是‘你能做到吗’，而是‘你应该这样做吗？’。我不确定它的目的是什么，以及这是否真的是最好的资源分配。我们应该在它们灭绝之前拯救我们拥有的物种。)”可知，ProfEwanBirney认为研究复活渡渡鸟的问题不是能不能做的问题，而是应不应该做的问题，他也怀疑这种研究是不是最好的资源分配，并且提议应该在动物灭绝钱去拯救这些物种，由此可知，ProfEwanBirney对他们的这项研究持批判的态度。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Thescientistsinquestionsaidtheirwork,beyondprovidinganinsightintotheextinctdodo’sexistence,couldhelpinformtheconservationofrarespeciesthatarenotyetextinct.However,thereisafiercedebateamongbiologistsoverwhetherthissortofresearchshouldbepursued.(参与研究的科学家们表示，他们的工作，除了提供对已灭绝渡渡鸟存在的深入了解之外，还可以帮助保护尚未灭绝的稀有物种。然而，生物学家对是否应该进行这类研究存在激烈的争论。)”以及下文中不同人员对这项研究的利与弊的分析可知，本文讲述的应是科学家们要复活渡渡鸟的利和弊，所以本文的题目为“复活渡渡鸟的利和弊”与本文内容吻合，且概括全文主题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SoothetheSundayScariesAstheweekendcomestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandanxiousabouttheupcomingweek.Expertshavenicknamedthisworrythe“Sundayscaries”.____16____Here’showyoucaneaseyourend-of-weekendanxiety.WhenstructuringyourSunday,trynottoarrangetoomanyerrandsandchores.Ifyou’refeelingmorestress,it’simportanttomakespaceforsomeactivitiestorelaxyourself.Andthere’snorightwaytodoso—maybeamidafternoonshowerorbath,maybeanengagingmovieorshow.____17____Anxietyisanormalhumanexperience,andoneofthemainwaystomanageitistoidentifyyourpersonaltriggers._____18_____Isitadeadline,meeting,orpresentation?Evenifthere’snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,organizingthestressyouexpectfromtheweekaheadintosmallpiecescanhelpit.GettingridoftheSundayscariesisn’tjustaboutminimizingthegloomoftheweekahead,either.Havingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingpleasingtothinkabout,ratherthanonlyfocusingontheanxietyyoufeel._____19_____Insteadoffocusingontheawfulthingsyouexpectfromtheweek,buildexcitementoveralunchdatewithafriend.MakeSundaynightsaboutdoingsomethingforyourselftoreduceyouranxietyaboutMonday.Plansomefavoritefoodstoenjoyorgoallinforsomeself-care._____20_____DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou—leavetheworkemailsforMondaymorning.A.It’saformofshiftingyourthoughts.B.Thisisanopportunitytogiveyourselfarefreshingtime.C.Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutofeartheweek.D.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoshiftyourthoughtstosomethingfun.E.ButeventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyaremanageable.F.Itcanbewhateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontorelievefromthestress.G.Insteadofsittingonthesofaandwatchingtheclock,dosomethingthatyouenjoy.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.A20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何缓解周日恐慌。【16题详解】根据空前的“Expertshavenicknamedthisworrythe“Sundayscaries”.(专家们把这种担忧戏称为“周日恐慌”)”可知，此处引出本文的话题“周日恐慌”，根据空后的“Here’showyoucaneaseyourend-of-weekendanxiety.(以下是缓解周末焦虑的方法)”可知，此处说明周末恐慌是可以缓解的，由此可推断，此空处应为承上启下的作用，从周日恐慌过渡到缓解周日恐慌，E选项“ButeventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyaremanageable.(不过，尽管周日恐慌很常见，但它们是可控的)”中的“周日恐慌很常见”承接了上文，同时之处，“它是可控的”引出下文，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】分析语篇可知，此空处应是对本段的概括总结，根据空前的“Andthere’snorightwaytodoso—maybeamidafternoonshowerorbath,maybeanengagingmovieorshow.(没有什么正确的方法可以做到这一点——也许是午后的淋浴或沐浴，也许是一场引人入胜的电影或表演。)”可知，此处应是腾出一些空间来放松自己的方法，F选项“Itcanbewhateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontorelievefromthestress.(它可以是任何感觉有助于分散注意力以缓解压力的东西)”讲述的是“任何能有助于分散注意力来缓解压力的方法都是可以的”，这是对空前的内容作进一步的总结陈述，符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】根据本段的主题句“Anxietyisanormalhumanexperience,andoneofthemainwaystomanageitistoidentifyyourpersonaltriggers.(焦虑是一种正常的人类经历，管理它的主要方法之一就是找出你个人的触发因素)”可知，本段讲述的是弄清焦虑的原因，根据空后的“Isitadeadline,meeting,orpresentation?(是截止日期、会议还是演示？)”可知，此处是在判断导致焦虑的原因，所以此空处应是与“找出焦虑原因”相关，C选项“Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutofeartheweek.(试着找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因)”讲述的内容与本段主题一致，且和空后的内容衔接。故选C项。【19题详解】根据空前的“Havingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingpleasingtothinkabout,ratherthanonlyfocusingontheanxietyyoufeel.(有一些值得期待的事情会让你想到一些令人愉快的事情，而不是只关注你感到的焦虑)”可知，此处是建议人们转换一下关注的焦点，A选项“It’saformofshiftingyourthoughts.(这是一种转变思想的方式)”讲述的是这是一种转变思想的形式，其中的it指代的内容与空前讲述的做法吻合。故选A项。【20题详解】根据本段的主题句“MakeSundaynightsaboutdoingsomethingforyourselftoreduceyouranxietyaboutMonday.(让周日晚上为自己做点事情来减少你对周一的焦虑)”可知，本段讲述的是建议在周日晚上为自己做点事情来减少对周一的焦虑，结合空前的“Plansomefavoritefoodstoenjoyorgoallinforsomeself-care.(计划一些最喜欢的食物来享受，或者全力以赴地照顾自己)”可知，此处讲述的是在周日晚上好好的照顾自己，B选项“Thisisanopportunitytogiveyourselfarefreshingtime.(这是一个让自己放松的机会)”讲述的是周日晚上照顾好自己的好处，与本段的主题吻合。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DressedupasCaptainAmericaforparadesoccasionally,TimothyWhitecouldhavesavedthedaywithhisshield(盾牌)ifhewerethesuperhero.Butinreallife,whenhesawtroublethisSeptemberafternoon,hewasn’twearinghis_____21_____andcouldn’tdependonsuperpowers.WhitewasdrivinghomeinHarrisburgwhenhenoticedsomethinghardto_____22_____.Atruckontheoppositesideofthestreetwasmovingfromsidetosideuncontrollablyandthedriverappearedtobe_____23_____.ReferredtoasCaptainHarrisburg,Whitehadtostopthat_____24_____beforeaccidents.HavingmadeaU-turn,Whitefacedthesame_____25_____asthetruckandtriedtoovertake.Noluckwiththeheavytraffic._____26_____,CaptainHarrisburgranlikecrazytocatchupwiththetruckandleapedinthroughitsopenwindow.Themanbehindthe_____27_____,64-year-oldToddDeAngelis,wasbarelyconsciousandquite_____28_____byastrangernearhim.Whitetook_____29_____ofthestickshiftandforcedthetrucktopark.DeAngelis,adiabetic(糖尿病患者),saidhewasnotwell.White_____30_____downapoliceofficer.Anambulance_____31_____DeAngelistoahospital,whereitwas_____32_____thathadhisbloodsugargonelower,thingscouldhavebeenmuchworse.Afterhis_____33_____,DeAngeliscreditedWhitewithsavinghislife.White’sactionsthatdaywerenotoutof_____34_____.Herananonprofitandheoncetriedtosavepeopleonfire.Hewasfromplayinga_____35_____tobecomingoneinreallife.21.A.belt B.costume C.mask D.uniform22.A.spot B.recall C.miss D.forgive23.A.asleep B.alarmed C.calm D.cheerful24.A.trick B.survivor C.player D.vehicle25.A.direction B.fact C.task D.danger26.A.Speedingup B.Hurryingback C.Pullingover D.Rollingout27.A.seat B.wheel C.window D.door28.A.annoyed B.surprised C.inspired D.amused29.A.hold B.care C.account D.possession30.A.knocked B.turned C.set D.flagged31.A.pointed B.signaled C.rushed D.dragged32.A.determined B.discussed C.celebrated D.preferred33.A.injury B.training C.recovery D.retirement34.A.gratitude B.character C.kindness D.date35.A.captain B.policeman C.doctor D.superhero【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.C27.B28.B29.A30.D31.C32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述TimothyWhite救助卡车司机的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在现实生活中，这个九月的下午，当他看到麻烦时，他没有穿着他的服装，也不能依靠超能力。A.belt皮带，腰带；B.costume服装；C.mask面具；D.uniform制服。上文“DressedupasCaptainAmerica”提到TimothyWhite经常打扮成美国队长，此处指那天他看到麻烦时没有穿着美国队长的服装，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：White在哈里斯堡开车回家时，注意到一件难以忽视的事情。A.spot看见；B.recall回忆起；C.miss错过，未察觉；D.forgive原谅。根据“henoticedsomething”以及下文对事情的描述可知，White注意到一件难以忽视的事情，故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：街道对面的一辆卡车无法控制地左右移动，司机似乎睡着了。A.asleep睡着的；B.alarmed担心的；C.calm镇静的；D.cheerful快乐的。根据“Atruckontheoppositesideofthestreetwasmovingfromsidetosideuncontrollably”可知，车辆不受控制，司机似乎是睡着了，故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：White被称为哈里斯堡上尉，他不得不在事故发生前使那辆车停下。A.trick戏法；B.survivor幸存者；C.player运动员；D.vehicle车辆。上文提到一辆卡车无法控制地左右移动，此处指White要逼停那辆车，否则会发生危险，故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：White做了一个u型转弯，面对着与卡车相同的方向，试图超车。A.direction方向；B.fact事实；C.task任务；D.danger危险。根据上文“Atruckontheoppositesideofthestreet”和本句中“HavingmadeaU-turn”可知，卡车原本在相反的方向，White做了一个u型转弯后应是和卡车同向而行，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：哈里斯堡上尉把车停在路边，疯狂地跑上卡车，从开着的窗户跳了进去。A.Speedingup加速；B.Hurryingback赶回去；C.Pullingover靠路边停车；D.Rollingout展开。根据下文“CaptainHarrisburgranlikecrazytocatchupwiththetruck”可知，White把车停在路边，疯狂奔跑去追车，故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：64岁的ToddDeAngelis坐在驾驶座上，几乎没有意识，他对身边的陌生人感到非常惊讶。A.seat座位；B.wheel车轮，方向盘；C.window窗户；D.door门。根据空后“64-year-oldToddDeAngelis,wasbarelyconscious”可知，此处是描述卡车司机的情况，behindthewheel开车，在驾驶，固定短语，故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.annoyed生气的，恼怒的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.inspired受到启发的；D.amused好笑的，逗乐的。根据空后“byastrangernearhim”可知，开车时身边出现一个陌生人，司机应是惊讶，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：White握住变速杆，迫使卡车停了下来。A.hold拿，抓；B.care护理，照顾；C.account解释，说明；D.possession拥有。根据“forcedthetrucktopark”可知，White握住变速杆，迫使卡车停了下来，takeholdof握住，控制住，固定短语，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：White拦住了一名警察。A.knocked敲；B.turned翻转；C.set设置；D.flagged标示，变弱。结合上文“DeAngelis,adiabetic(糖尿病患者),saidhewasnotwell.(DeAngelis有糖尿病，他说自己不舒服)”可知，司机不舒服，White应是拦住了一名警察求助，flagdown挥手拦下，固定短语，故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆救护车将DeAngelis紧急送往医院，在那里，医生确定，如果他的血糖再低一些，情况可能会更糟。A.pointed指向；B.signaled发信号，显示；C.rushed冲；D.dragged拖，拽。根据语境及“whereitwas_____12_____thathadhisbloodsugargonelower,thingscouldhavebeenmuchworse”可知，情况紧急，应是一辆救护车将DeAngelis紧急送往医院，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.determined决定，确定；B.discussed讨论；C.celebrated庆祝；D.preferred更喜欢。根据空后“hadhisbloodsugargonelower,thingscouldhavebeenmuchworse”可知，这是医生检查后确定的结论，故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：康复后，DeAngelis称赞White救了他的命。A.injury伤害；B.training训练；C.recovery康复，恢复；D.retirement退休。上文提到DeAngelis被紧急送往医院，结合空后“DeAngeliscreditedWhitewithsavinghislife”可知，DeAngelis应是康复后称赞White救了他的命，故选C。34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：White那天的行为并不违背他的性格。A.gratitude感激；B.character性格；C.kindness善良；D.date日期。根据下文“Herananonprofitandheoncetriedtosavepeopleonfire.(他经营着一个非营利组织，他曾经试图拯救着火的人)”可知，White乐于助人，所以救DeAngelis这件事符合他的性格，outofcharacter不符合……的性格/特点，故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从扮演超级英雄变成了现实生活中的超级英雄。A.captain船长，队长；B.policeman警察；C.doctor医生；D.superhero超级英雄。根据文章内容，结合文章首句“DressedupasCaptainAmericaforparadesoccasionally,TimothyWhitecouldhavesavedthedaywithhisshield(盾牌)ifhewerethesuperhero.(TimothyWhite偶尔会打扮成美国队长参加游行，如果他是超级英雄，他可以用他的盾牌拯救世界)”可知，TimothyWhite偶尔扮成超级英雄，此处指他从扮演超级英雄变成了现实生活中的超级英雄，故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChengduWorldUniversityGamesconcludedonAugust8asthecurtain_____36_____(raise)forthe15thNationalFitnessDay.Thishandoverhighlightstheimportanceofboth____37____(compete)sportsandthegeneralpublic’s_____38_____(pursue)ofhea