英语专题复习（名词）知识点练习（讲义）教科版（广州）英语六年级下册

第二讲名词一、什么是名词？名，名字的意思。名词（n）就是某事物或某人的名字。二、名词的数（一）名词单复数1.名词复数的读音清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/car-cars2.可数名词单复数变化（1）规则变化①一般在词尾直接加s 如：book()chair()②以s，x，sh，ch结尾的单词通常在词尾加es class()box()brush()watch()③以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，把y改i，再加es但以元音＋y结尾的词，则直接在词尾加s family()factory()key()monkey()④以o结尾的词，部分（英雄土豆西红柿）加es，其余则直接加s，如： potato()tomato()hero()radio()zoo()kangaroo()bamboo()⑤以f/fe结尾的词，改f/fe为v加es（部分） leaf()thief()knife()self()【背记小口诀】妻子(wife)持刀(knife)去砍狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)吓得发了慌；躲在架(shelf)下保己（self）命(life)，半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮面包（loaf）。（2）不规则变化①变中间的元音字母 man()，woman()，foot()，tooth()，child()，mouse()②表示“某国人”的名词单复变化（记忆口决：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。） Chinese()Japanese()Frenchman()Englishman()German()American()Indian()Australian()③单复同形 ChineseandJapanese吃sheep,deerandfish如：aChinese--twoChinese,asheep--manysheep④由两个名词组成的名词词组，通常只变后面一个名词为复数;注意：但如果前面名词是man或woman时，则两个名词都要变成复数 anappletree(some)agirlstudent(many)amanteacher(seven)awomandoctor(ten)【注意】既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的名词：chicken鸡（可数）；鸡肉（不可数）glass玻璃杯（可数）；眼镜（可数）；玻璃（不可数）time时间（不可数）；次数（可数）（二）不可数名词1.不可数名词分布：食物自然物质抽象名词其他rice,cake,meat,bread,salt,sugar饮料：Water,coffee,juice,milk,tea,cokerain,snow,air,windhealth，weather,money，invitation，work，homework,housework,study,lovenews(新闻)，paper(纸)advice(建议)2.不可数名词量化：数+容器/单位+of单位描述对象cup,glass,bottle,box,canwater,coffee,juice,milk,tea,cokepair(双、副，对、条)chopsticks,glasses,trousers,socksPiece(片，首，块，张)bread,music,cake,paper请你补充：量词有复数形式，可以加s，如果后面的名词时可数的话，要加复数，如果时不可数名词，仍然不可加s。例：acupoftea---twocupsofteaabagofapples---twobagsofapples3.只能修饰不可数名词的词有：alittle(一点)，little(几乎没有)，much/agreatdealof(许多)【随堂练习1】一、填入所给名词的正确形式1.Ihavetwo____________(knife).2.Therearemany___________(box)here.3.Therearemany___________(bus)ontheroad.4.Afew___________(boy)aredrawingonthewall.5.The______________(child)areplayingfootballnow.6.Pleasetaketwo_______________(photo)forme.7.Ilikered________________(tomato).8.Wouldyoupleasecleanyour_____________(tooth)now?9.Doyouwantsome_________(milk)?10.Thereareten___________________(womanteacher)inourschool.二、单项选择()1.Theycomefromdifferent______.A.country B.countries C.acountry D.countrys()2.Howmany______doyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.thetomato()3.Theyarealotof______onthefarm.A.sheeps B.deers C.cows D.chicken()4.Wouldyoulike_______,please?A.twoglassofwater B.twoglassesofwater C.twoglassofwaters D.twoglassesofwaters()5.Mostof______livein_______.Germans,German B.German,Germen C.Germen,Germany D.Germans,Germany()6.Therearesome______inthekitchen.A.knifes B.knivesC.knife D.chopstick()7.Thereisno______intheplate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs()8.Myunclehasthree_______.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens()9.Catsalwayscatch________.A.mouse B.mouses C.mice D.mices()10.Thereis________milkleft.Pleasebuysome.A.little B.few C.alittle D.plentyof三、名词的格表示“……的……”（一）“某人的”用“某人+’s”规则：①加's. 例：Jane’sfather;Mymother’sbedroom.②(复数)s结尾加' 例：Teachers'Day;students'books.③共同拥有，在最后加's 例：LucyandLily'smother（共同的妈妈）④分别拥有，分别加's 例：Tom'sandJim'srooms（各自的房间）⑤表某人的家、店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地名时，所有格后面的名词常常省略：如：atthedoctor's（在医务室）；atTom’s(在汤姆的家)【注意】但是有些表示时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城市等无生命的名词，也可加's构成所有格：例：today'snewspaper今天的报纸eightdays'holiday＝an8-dayholiday八天的假期fiveminutes'walk＝afive-minutewalk五分钟的步行路程（二）“某物的”用“名词+of+名词”例：thedooroftheroom，thecoloroftheclothes【注意】双重所有格：用’s所有格/与of所有格相结合。①名词+of+某人’s②名词+of+名物代例：Afriendofmyfather'sabookofmine【随堂练习2】一、翻译词组1.玲玲的爷爷________________2.李老师的书本________________3.教师办公室________________4.妈妈的衣服________________5.五小时的走路路程________________6.今天的新闻________________7.学生的家长们______________8.John和Jack各自的房间_________________二、单项选择()1.Lookat_____photo.Isitnice?A.AliceB.Alice'sC.Alices'D.Alices()2.Theroomis_____.A.LucyandLilyB.Lucy'sandLilyC.Lucy'sandLily'sD.LucyandLily's()3.ThatgirlisSusan.Sheis_____.A.afriendmysisterB.afriendofmysisterC.afriendofmysister'sD.friendsofmysister()4.Two____walkdidn’tmademetired. A.hour B.hours C.hour’s D.hours’()5.Thewomanoverthereis____mother.A.JuliaandMary B.JuliaandMary’s C.Julia’sandMary’s D.Julia’sandMary(

)6.Kateandhersisterwentonholidaywithaclassmateof

______.A.her

B.hers

C.their

D.theirs【课后练习】一、请写出下列单词的复数形式：cityzoocountrytoothmouseboy____________broom___________cartreehorsebus______________foxbranchbabyfamilydishradiophotopianoknifeleaflifethiefmanwomanchildfootthis_____________watch___________diary____________day____________book____________dress____________sheep___________tea_____________box___________strawberry_________peach__________sandwich__________paper_________juice__________water____________milk___________rice__________peopleCDox_________deer____________fish___________二、单项选择：()1.Theyboughtmuch_______fromthesupermarket.A.chickensB.meatC.appleD.tomatoes()2.Helpyourselftosome__________.A.chickensandapplesB.chickensandappleC.chickenandappleD.chickenandapples()3.IliveinGuangzhouformanyyears.NowGuangzhouismy_______.A.familyB.houseC.homeD.room()4.Aclassmateof_________washeretenminutesago.A.youB.yourC.yoursisterD.yoursister’s()5.Agroupof_________aretalkingwithtwo___________.A.Frenchmen,GermansB.Germans,FrenchmansC.Frenchmans,GermenD.Germen,Frenchmen()6.“Wouldyoulike_________?”“________,please.”A.drink,ThreecoffeesB.acupofdrink,CoffeeC.adrink,AcoffeeD.adrink,Threecupsofcoffees()7.Thenewstudentisin__________,GradeTwo.A.ClassThirdB.ThirdClassC.ClassThreeD.Threeclass()8.TodayisSeptember10th.It's_______Day.Let'sgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers.A.TeachersB.Teachers'C.theTeachers'D.Teacher's()9.Some_________areflyingkitesneartheriver.A.childB.boyC.boysD.childrens()10.Theyarethose_________bags.Pleaseputthemonthebus.A.visitorB.visitorsC.visitor'sD.visitors'()11.Ifyoudon'ttakemore________,you'llgetfat.A.medicineB.lessonsC.photosD.exercise()12.Whichisthe________tothepostoffice?A.streetB.wayC.roadD.address()13.Maths________verydifficultsoIdon’tlikeit.A.areB.isC.amD.were()14.Allthe____enjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th.A.menworkersB.womenworkersC.womanworkersD.manworkers()