社会工作专业英语 课件 chapter 9 Correctional Services、chapter 10 Social Work with Addiction、chapter 11 Family Social Work

Chapter

9

CorrectionalServicesTheSocialProblemofDelinquencyandCrimeScialWorkandCorrectionsCaseExamplesChapterSummaryExercisesCatalogue1.Corrections,turnedouttobeamedicalterminologythenitwasintroducedtosocialdomainbecomingajudicialterm.2.Correctionmeansaprocessthatthenationalauthoritiesandrelevantstaffimplementvariousmeasuresandmeanstomaketheoffendersorthepeoplewhohavecriminaltendenciesgetcorrectionalservicesideologically,psychologicallyandbehaviorally,therebyreintegratingintosociety,beinganormalsocialmember.3.Communitytreatmentisthemainfieldofcorrectionalsocialworkers.Itmeansputthecriminalsintocommunity,underthehelpofsocialorganization,nongovernmentalorganizationandsocialvolunteers,thespecialnationalofficecorrectedtheircriminalmentalityandbadbehaviorinthetermofcourtverdict,judgmentordecision,andimpelthemreturnsociety.【KeyPoints】

Delinquencyandcrime

havebecomemajorsocialproblemsofcurrentsociety.

Theynotonlybringbigchallengestosocialsecurity,butalsocauseirreparabledamagestonumerousfamilies.Globally,morethan8.75millionindividualsareincarcerated,withalmosttwomillionoftheseindividualsincarnatedintheUnitedStates.With686per100,000oftheU.S.nationalpopulationincarceratedin2001,theUnitedStateshasthedistinctionofhavingthehighestprisonpopulationrateintheworld.【TheSocialProblemsofDelinquencyandcrime】ChineseAcademyofSocialScience’sBluebook2010indicatedthatthecriminalandpublicordercaseloadshavesubstantiallygrowninChina.Theannualnumbersofcriminalcasesamountedto5,300,000andthegrowthrateofmorethan10percent.Thenumbersofpublicordercaseshavereachedto9,900,000;thegrowthratewasupto20percent.Meanwhile,murder,robbery,rapeandotherseriousviolentcrimeshaveincreasedsharply.Correctionalserviceistheproductofhumanpenalconceptsupdateandmodernprisonsystemsreform.Penalty,asthecounterpartoftheoffenders,isameanstodealwithcriminalactivities.Inthehistoryofhumanbeing,therewasalwaysexistingasystemorprocesstopunishorrehabilitatethecriminals.

【SocialWorkandCorrections】Atthefirstbeginning,punishmentsespeciallycorporalandcapitalwerethecommonwaystobeofferedtothe

offenders,hanging,branding,banishment

and

otherkindsofphysicalpenaltieswereutilizedto“punishthe

culprit

andbealessontoothers”Untiltheendoftheeighteenthcentury,thebourgeoisideaof“Liberty,EqualityandFraternity”wasconsideredintopenaltysystem---theincarcerationsystemcameintogeneraluse.Insteadofpenitentiary

systemwasdeveloped.In1925,theAmericanCongresspassedFederalProbationLaw,whichmadecorrectionalsocialworkwasestablishedinthewholeU.S.ABostonshoemaker,JohnAugustus

exploitedprobationasasubstituteforimprisonment

whoearnedthetitleof“thefatherofprobation”

Corrections，turnedouttobeamedicalterminologythenitwasintroducedtosocialdomainbecomingajudicialterm.Itmeansaprocessthatthenationalauthoritiesandrelevantstaffimplementvariousmeasuresandmeanstomaketheoffendersorthepeoplewhohavecriminaltendenciesgetcorrectionalservicesideologically,psychologicallyandbehaviorally,therebyreintegratingintosociety,beinganormalsocialmember.Theprocessofcorrectionsisatotalprocessofrehabilitatingtheoffenders.TheSocialWorkDictionarydefinescorrectionsas“thelegalspecialtythatseekstochangeandimprovethebehaviorsofconvicted

lawoffendersthroughincarceration,parole,probation,andideallyeducationalprogramsandsocialservices.”Correctionisatotalprocessofhelpingtheoffendersorthepeoplewhohavecriminaltendenciestoberehabilitated,whilesocialworkersplayanextremelyimportantroleinthisprocess.Socialworkers,ascaringprofessionals,workwithpeopletoenhancetheircompetenceandfunctioning,toaccesssocialsupportsandresources,tocreatehumaneandresponsivesocialservices,andtoexpandstructuresofsocietythatprovideopportunitiesforallcitizens.CorrectionsandSocialWorkerTheirbasictargetissummarizedasfollows“Thecorrectionalprocesshascometomeantheadministrationofthepenaltyinsuchawaythattheoffenderis‘corrected’,i.e.,hiscurrentbehavioriskeptwithinacceptablelimitsatthesametimethathisgenerallifeadjustmentismodified.Thisisconcerningtotwomethodstorealizethattarget:(1)workingwiththecorrectionobjectstomakethemhaveabetterunderstandingofthemselvesandthroughexploringone’sownstrengthsandresourcestohelpthem,(2)Modifyingenvironmenttobringaboutahealthierandmoresupportivesocialclimateforcorrectionobjectstolivein,suchasprovidingsomehelpwithinadequatehousingconditions,jobplacementoreconomicstresses.Correctionalinstitutionsarecharacterizedbyfourdifferentphilosophies,retribution,deterrence,incapacitation,andrehabilitationortreatment.Realistically,mostsystemsuseamixtureofthesephilosophies.Themajorityofthesephilosophiesfocusonpunishmentratherthanrehabilitation.Thevaluesocialworkplacesonthetreatmentandonthecapacityofindividualstochangetheirbehaviorthroughcounselingeducation,andinvolvementinadaptiveactivity.Thesocialworker’saimistorehabilitatetheoffendersratherthanpunishthem.Thegoalis“toutilizetheprofessionalknowledgeandskillsinacorrectivemanner,torehabilitateindividuals,tohelpthemtohelpthemselvessothattheycanreturntoandbecomepartofsociety,andtoguidethemtowardbecomingcomfortablewiththemselvesandtheirassociates”.VSSocialworkersbelievethatcommunitysafetycanbebestachievedinasystemthatplacesemphasisonindividualaccountabilitythroughpersonaldevelopmentandgrowth,aswellasequalemphasisonaccountabilityofthesystem.Socialworkerswithincorrectionshavetocontinuallybalancetheneedsandinterestsoftheindividualinconflictswiththelaw,themandateandthefocusonthevariouscorrectionalagenciesandorganizations,theperspectiveofvictims,andobligationstothecommunity,withanoverriding

emphasisonbothpublicandpersonalsafety.Theskillsthatsocialworkersbringtothefieldofcorrectionsareincreasinglyindemandduetothegreaterfocusonthementalandphysicalhealthcareneedsofindividualsinconflictwiththelaw.Themethodofcorrectionalsocialworkisintervention.Throughintervention,thesocialworkershelptheclientstoachievetheirgoals.Socialworkrealizesitsimportantfunctioninthecorrectionalservicesfieldthroughtwokindsofsettings:institutionalandcommunitytreatment-probationorparole.Communitytreatmentisthemainfieldofcorrectionalsocialworkers.Itmeansputthecriminalsintocommunity,underthehelpofsocialorganization,nongovernmentalorganizationandsocialvolunteers,thespecialnationalofficecorrectedtheircriminalmentalityandbadbehaviorinthetermofcourtverdict,judgmentordecision,andimpelthemreturnsociety.Withinanykindsoftreatment,traditionallytherearethreemethodsinparticular:casework,groupwork,andcommunitywork.Researchandadministrationalsobolstersocialworkservicesbothdirectlyandindirectly.Caseworkisthemostcommonlyusedservicemodel.Socialworkersestablishprofessionalrelationshipwithclientstomakethecorrectionalobjectivescometrueduringtheprocessofcasework.Ifwetakethesametypeofoffendersasagroup,groupworkmethodisalwaysadopted.Astothewaysofcommunitytreatment---usingcommunityresourcestoassistoffendersandtheirfamiliesmustregardcommunityworkasthemainmeans.Thesocialworkactsasacatalyticagentwhomakesitpossibleforanoffendertogainself-understanding,tofeelbetter,andinparticular,tointeractwithothersmoreconstructively.Theworkhelpstheoffendertotaphisorherownstrengths,bringingaboutbetterharmonywithinthepersonandinassociationswithothersThekeyprinciplesthatsocialworkersmustbearinmindare:(1)toaccepttheclients,understandandrespectthem;(2)topossesssympathyandbefulloflove,usinglovetoexchangetheoffenders’trust;(3)tohavehighlysocialresponsibility,admitthattheoffendersarealsothemembersofthissociety,andwehavenorightstomarginalize

them;(4)torespecttheirrightofself-determination,thatis,toassistthemtothinkandfeelthroughtheirproblemsandsituations,butnottomakebasicdecisionsforthem,helpingtoprovideanemotionalclimateinwhichtheycanfacetheirproblemsandworkoutappropriate

solutions;(5)torecognizethatonehastostudyandunderstandnormalbehavioraswellasantisocialbehaviorinordertocomprehendthewhyofdelinquencyandcriminalityandwhatshouldbedoneaboutthem;(6)toprovideasecurity-givingfirmness,notphysicalpunishment,butnot“coddling”,assomemaintain,recognizingthatinmanywaysachildislikeacoilspring,andthattheharderonepushesthefatherheorshewillbelikelytospringbackwhenanopportunityarises;(7)touseauthorityinapositivemannertohelpoffenderstohelpthemselvesface

theirproblemsandreadjusttheirthinkingandbehaviors.Thesocialworkers’

specificfunctionsconcerningtojuveniledelinquencyandcrimeare:(8)Helpingtoempowermotivationisaprimaryfunctionofsocialworker.They,throughtalkingwiththeclientssympatheticallyandunderstandingly,canusuallybeofaid.Forapersontoknowthatsomeoneisinterested,andwillaccepthimorherasis,isatremendouslymotivatingfactor;(9)Allowingforventilationoffeelingisasecondserviceofthesocialworker.Youthandadultshavefeelingswellupwithin,andsocialworkersprovideasafeemotionclimateinwhichtheycanexpressandverbalize

them;(10)Thegivinginformationisanotherimportantfunctionofthesocialworker.Manyyouthsandadultsneedhelpinunderstandingwhotheyare,wheretheyaregoing,andwheretheymightgo,whilesocialworkercanhelpthemtodevelopsuchanunderstandingandtoacquireinsightsintotheirproperroles;(11)Theprobationofficerhelpsoffenderstomakedecisions.Theydonotmakedecisionsforthem,buthelpthemtoconsider,rationally,theirproblemsandthealternatives(12)Thesocialworkerhelpstheclienttodefinethesituation.Heorsheassiststheindividualnotonlyinthinkingaboutaproblemorasituation,butalsoinfeelingaboutthesituation;(13)Assistinginmodificationoftheenvironmentisanothermajorfunction.Withknowledgeofcommunityresources,thesocialworkerisabletohelppersonsandfamiliestapvariousfinancialandsocialresourcestomeettheirindividualneeds;(14)Helpingoffendersreorganizebehaviorpatternsisoneofthemostdifficultfunctionsofthesocialworker.Thisincludeshelpforthechronicalcoholic,thedrugabuser,andthosewithotherpersonalityproblems.Thesocialworkermayrefersuchapersontoanotherexpertortalktotheindividualpersonally,dependingonhisorherbackground,training,andexperience.(15)Anothermajorfunctionisfacilitatingreferral.Oftenitisdifficultforapersontotakepersonalproblemstoanother,andheorsheneedssupportinsodoing.Thesocialworker’scomprehensiveknowledgeofcommunityresourcesisusedtoadvantageinmakingreferrals.Inrecentyears,correctionalserviceisnotjustthespecificdutyofjudicialdepartmentanylongerwhilesocialworkhasbeenincreasinglyinvolvedinthisfield.Socialworkcanbeengagedinthepre-judicialtrial,incarcerateinstitutions,communitycorrectionsandreleasedafterservinghissentencethesekindsofcorrectionalpractices.Itnotonlyplaysacatalyticroleinthecontrolofdelinquencyandcrime,butalsomakesavaluableexplorationintheprovisionofhumanitarianservices.

Correctionalsocialwork,tosomeextent,isareallytoughjobwhichrequiresustofollowthescientificprocess.Sincecorrectionisaprocessofpenaltyexecution,throughdealingwiththeoffenders’problemstorehabilitatetheirsocialfunctionandimprovethecorrectionalobjectabilitytoreintegrateintothesocietysuccessfully.Sothesocialworkerscantakepartinthecorrectionalservices,whilethesocialworkmethodalsocanbeappliedtothecorrections.Thesocialworkprocessconsistsoffiveparts:professionalrelationshipestablishment,materialcollectionandanalysis,problemsdefining,planmakingandintervention,assessmentandfollowing-up.【CaseExamples】Establishingprofessionalrelationshipisthefoundationofcorrectionalsocialwork.Thesoundprofessionalrelationshipisnotonlyasenseofidentitybetweenthesocialworkersandthecorrectionalobjects,butalsoanimportantelementofimprovingthechangeoftheobjects.Afterestablishingtheprofessionalrelationship,thecorrectionalsocialworkmayenterintothephaseofmaterialcollectionandanalysis.Generallyspeaking,themethodsofresearchingmaterialsareliterature,interview,questionnaireandobservation.Thesocialworkersadoptdifferentmethodstocollectalargeamountofdata,andthentheywillsortthemoutandundertakecorrelationanalysis.Throughtheabovesteps,thesocialworkerswillrefinetheobjects’problemsandmakeresearchandassessmentinordertodesignthecorrectionalprogram,carryingoutcommunitycorrections.1.Case:Zhangwasapersonwhoreleasedafterservinghissentence,aged37,andhasbeenunabletofindajobwhenhegotoutofjail.Heranarepairingshoesstandtomakingaliving.Duetotheroadreconstruction,hisshoesrepairbusinessterminated.Hecouldn’taccommodatethespeedofthesocietyafterencounteringlong-timeprisonlife.Hewasunemployedandtherewerenobreadandbutterforhim.Hisfamilyalwayscomplainedabouthimandhiswifeoftenhadwordswithhim.Theneighborswerenotwillingtotalktohimandhissonbecameincreasinglyintrospective.Zhangfeltpessimisticanddesperateaboutlife.2.BasicInformationandAnalysis:TheclientZhang,37-yearsold,wasaformerprisoner.Theroadreconstructionmadehisshoesrepairingstallterminate,andhislifejustsettleddownbecameturbulentagain,whichledtohisextremeemotions.Hisproblemsincluding:lackofsocialadaptability;mayencountersocialdiscrimination,familyrefusing,peeralienationandemploymentdifficultiesetc.3.MainProblemsStatement(1)Zhang’sproblemZhang’slong-timeprisonlifeledhimdeviatewiththerealworld,andhecouldn’tadapttothehighspeedofthesociety.Hewastotallylackingofsocialadaptability.Inthemeanwhile,hiscrimehadsomethingtodowithhispersonalitydefect.Ifwedidn’tchangehisattitudetowardslifeandjob,hewouldbedoomedtobedismissedevenifwehaverecommendedcountlessjobsforhim.(2)EmploymentproblemZhangwasaformerprisoner,whichwashardforhimtofindajob.Theroadreconstructionmadehisshoesrepairingstallterminate,andhealmostcouldn’tmakealiving.Onlyfindajob,couldheandhisfamilyhaveanormalliferesource.(3)Familyandalienationproblem:Zhangwasmarkedasaformerprisoner,a“badguy”andnoonewantedtotalktohim.Hiswifewasalwaysquarreling

withhimwhilehissonwasbecomingmoreandmoreintrospective.Hecouldn’tfeelthewarmandcarefromfamilyandthesociety.4.CorrectionPlanDesigningaserviceplanaccordingtoZhang’ssituation,including:(1)Takeadvantageofhisfamily,leadchangeZhang’sattitude,helphimrediscoverthegoaloflife.(2)EnhanceZhang’ssocialadaptability,providesupportingsystemtomakeZhangfeelsthewarmofthissociety,inordertohelphimtobeagoodfatherandcitizen.(3)Useavarietyofsocialresourcestoprovidehelphim,findajobforhimanddealwithhislivingdifficulties.5.CorrectionInterventionInterventionidea:toguideZhangtoestablishacorrectviewofemploymentandtoofferhimanoccupationtrainingopportunity,thusimproveZhang’ssocializationability.Also,thesocialworkersprovideasupportingsystemtomakeZhangfeelthecareandcultivationfromthesociety,directinghimtodevelopalongtherightline.(1)ToconductpsychologicalcounselingtoZhang:mayuseExistentialtherapytomakeZhangrecognizethathowthepreviouslifeimpactonhiscurrentsituationdependsonhowhelooksattheformerone;assistZhanginfindingouthisshiningpoints.(2)TocontactavocationaltraininginstitutionforZhang,helphimmastersomebasicworkingskills.(3)ToapplyforfinancialassistanceforZhang;alleviatehiseconomicpressures.(4)TotalkwithZhang’sfamily,improvetheirviewsonZhang.(5)TomakeajobregistrationforZhang;takeadvantageofcommunityrecoursestoseekajobforhim.Supportingsystem:thesocialworkersandcommunityleadersusuallyvisitZhangandhisfamilyanddistributegifts;organizeZhangtoattendtoeducationalprogramsandpublicserviceactivities;makeZhangfeellikeheisnotabandonedbythesociety,andtherearestillhavealotofpeoplewhocareabouthimandhelphimreintegrateintothesociety.6.EffectAssessmentThroughaperiodofcorrectionalservice,Zhanggotajobandworkedveryhard.Hislifebecamestableandhewasnotthatextremeanymore.Hevolunteeredtobeatrafficwardenandactivelycooperatedwiththecorrectionalsocialworkers.Hissonalsohadabigprocessandbecamepositive.7.Refectionandfollow-up7.1Reflection:Withthejobcompetitionbecomingmoreandmorefierce,itwasextremelydifficultforthepeoplewhohadcriminalrecords.Iftheydidnothaveastablesourceofincome,theywouldbebigthreatstothesocietyanddisturbthesocialorder.Therefore,whethertheauthoritiescouldcoordinatethesocialresourcesandspeciallysetupsomejobsforthem,itwascrucialfortheconductofcorrectionalsocialwork.7.2Follow-up:(1)HelpedZhangtobeagoodfather,andgotalongwellwithothers.(2)FurtherstabilizedZhang’sminds,improvedhisemploymentinitiative,andhelpedhimmastertheskillsofdealingwithproblemscalmlyandviewingthesocietycorrectly.Inthiscase,thesocialworkersadoptproblem-orientedresearchmethod,andmainlyanalyzeontheproblemsofthecorrectionalobject,hisfamilyandhisjob.Correctionalsocialworkersemployallsortsofsocialresources,notonlysolvetheclient’semploymentissue,butalsochangehisattitudetowardslife.Theyproperlyhandletheobject’semploymentandsocialintegrationproblem.Inthemeanwhile,theycomprehensivelyusecaseworkandcommunityworkmethod,andachieveasatisfactorycorrectionaleffect.Delinquencyandcrimehavebecomemajorsocialproblemsofcurrentsociety.Correctionalserviceistheproductofhumanpenalconceptsupdateandmodernprisonsystemsreform.Itisatotalprocessofhelpingtheoffendersorthepeoplewhohavecriminaltendenciestoberehabilitated,whichtranscendsthetraditionalpenaltysystem.【ChapterSummary】Socialworkhasanoutstandingfunctioninthecontrolandpreventionofdelinquencyandcrime.Socialworkattemptstohelptheindividual,family,andthecommunitytosolvedelinquencyandcrimeproblemsthroughutilizationofcasework,groupwork,andcommunitywork.Socialworkersholdtheviewthatpersonsareplastic.Thesocialworkerisengagedinmanytypesofinstitutionsincludingpolicedepartments,schools,prisonsandcommunityserviceprogramstoprovidecorrectionalservices.Withthesocialcivilizationisdevelopedandmorerespectisgiventotheoffenders’rights,moreskilledsocialworkerswillbeaskedtogointothefieldofcorrectionalservices.I.Readthepassagecarefullyandthenchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesoranswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage.1.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthearticle？A.StatutorySupervisionB.WelfareandCounsellingServicesC.IndustriesandVocationalTrainingD．PsychologicalServices【Exercises】2.Whichofthefollowingisfalse？A.CSDprovidespsychotherapyprogramsformenandwomenrespectivelyB.Toensurecontinuouscareandguidance,statutorysupervisionisprovidedforyoungpersonsincustody.C.CSDprovideshalf-daycompulsoryinformationtechnology,commercialandserviceindustrytrainingforadultpersonsincustody.D.CSDkeepsconvictedpersonspurposelyandgainfullyoccupiedformaintainingprisonstability.3.WhatotherservicescanCSDprovidetoinmates?II.Definitethefollowingnouns：1.Corrections2.CommunitytreatmentIII.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestion.1.Whatisthegoalofsocialworkersinthecorrectionspractice?2.Whatarethemethodstorealizethesocialworkers’correctionaltarget?V.Filltheblankwithsuitablewordsorsentences.1.Correctionalinstitutionsarecharacterizedbyfourdifferentphilosophies:________and_________________.2.Thebasictargetofcorrection

is___________________.3.Thesocialworkprocessconsistsoffiveparts_______,_______,_______,_______and_________.Chapter10

SocialWorkwith

Addiction

CatlogueI.WhatIsAddictionTreatmentⅡ.HistoryofSocialWorkinAddictionsⅢ.TheroleofsocialworkinaddictiontreatmentⅣ.ManyProblemscalledAddictionⅤ.TherequirementsofsocialworkinaddictionⅥ.OpportunitiesforSocialWorkLeadershipinAddictionTreatment【KeyPoints】1.Substanceabuseandbehavioraladdictionsdestroyrelationshipsandpreventanindividualfrombeingpresentfortheirfamilymembersandlovedones.2.Treatmenteducatesanaddict[addict:n.（尤指毒品）上瘾者，瘾君子]onhowtoliveapositivemeaningfulwayoflifeandwhattheycandotoremainabstinentfromdrugsandotheraddictivebehaviors.3.Toworkwithpatientsandfamilieswhoareexperiencingavarietyofpsychiatric,medical,andsocialproblems,socialworkersshouldutilizeindividual,group,andfamilycounselingskills.【Introduction】药物滥用和行为成瘾会极大地影响人们过上积极、快乐的生活,会破坏人际关系，会使得他们众叛亲离，会影响就业机会、教育方面的进步、金融稳定和情绪健康。因此，戒瘾社会工作对于成瘾者戒除滥用药物和成瘾行为十分必要。通过综合使用社会工作专业方法帮助成瘾者远离毒品和其他成瘾行为，帮助他们回归正常、过上一种积极的、有意义的生活，具有重要的现实意义。为了与正在经历各种精神、医疗和社会问题的成瘾患者和家庭一起工作，社会工作者应掌握戒瘾社会工作的基本技能并在社会工作伦理的指导下开展服务工作。

I.WhatIsAddictionTreatmentAddictioncandrastically[drastically:n.盛行;普遍;流行程度]affecttheabilitytoliveapositive,happylifestyle.Substanceabuseandbehavioraladdictionsdestroyrelationshipsandpreventanindividualfrombeingpresentfortheirfamilymembersandlovedones.Addictionaffectsemploymentopportunities,advancementsineducation,financialstabilityandemotionalhealth.

Treatmentforaddictionallowsanindividualtolearnthetoolsnecessarytoworkonthemselvesfromtheinsideout.Theymaydealwithissuesthathavebeensuppressed[suppressed:v.镇压；封锁]formanyyearsandhavecausedpainandresentment.Treatmenteducatesanaddictonhowtoliveapositivemeaningfulwayoflifeandwhattheycandotoremainabstinentfromdrugsandotheraddictivebehaviors.Ⅱ.HistoryofSocialWorkinAddictionsMentalhealthprofessionalsalsobeganrecognizingimpulse-control[impulse-control:脉冲控制]disorders.In1980pathologicalgamblingearnedaplaceintheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation’sDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders(DSM).Eatingdisorderslikeanorexianervosa[anorexianervosa:神经性食欲缺乏]andbulimianervosa[bulimianervosa:易饿症]areconsideredmentaldisordersthatsocialworkersalsotreat,buttheyarebeyondthescopeofthischapter.Ratherthanamentaldisorder,obesityisconsideredageneralmedicalcondition.Socialworkersoftenaddresscompulsiveovereatingaswellasnicotinedependenceintheirworkwithclientswhoaredealingwithdepression,stressfulevents,orotherproblems.Ⅲ.Theroleofsocialworkinaddictiontreatment1)Possesstheknowledgeandabilitytoindependentlyimplementevidence-basedaddictiontreatmentmodalities,providecounselingorpsychotherapyforindividuals,familiesandgroupsandpsycho-educationalservices.Possesstheskillstomeasureoutcomestoappliedinterventions.2)Developstreatmentplansincollaborationwiththeveteran/familyandwiththeATSinterdisciplinary[interdisciplinary:adj.跨学科;各学科间的]treatmentteam.3)Establishesandmaintainseffectivetherapeutic[therapeutic:adj.治疗的；治疗学的；有益于健康的n.治疗剂；治疗学家]relationshipswithveterans[veterans:n.老兵；退伍军人（veteran的复数形式）]andtheirfamilies.4)Providesindividualcounseling,casemanagementservicesandmakesappropriatereferralsforclients.Ⅳ.ManyProblemscalledAddiction1.PathologicalGambling2.CompulsiveEating3.CompulsiveShoppingorSpending4.CompulsiveSexualBehavior5.ExcessiveInternetUseandOtherExcessiveBehaviorsⅤ.TherequirementsofsocialworkinaddictionToworkwithpatientsandfamilieswhoareexperiencingavarietyofpsychiatric,medical,andsocialproblems,socialworkersutilizeindividual,group,andfamilycounselingskills.Workingwithmorecomplexproblemsisdoneunderclosesupervision.

Withguidancefromthesocialworksupervisor,abilitytoassesstheypsychologicalfunctioningandneedsofpatientsandtheirfamilymembers,andtoformulateandimplement[implement:v.执行，贯彻]plan,identifyingthepatient'sproblems,strengths,weakness,copingskills,andassistanceneeded.Basicknowledgeofpsychologicaltreatmentmodalities[modality:n.形式；形态；样式],andundersupervision,abilitytoimplementtreatmentmodalitiesinworkingwithindividuals,familiesandgroupstoachievetreatmentgoals.Thisrequiresjudgmentandskillinutilizingsupportive,problemsolving,orcrisisinterventiontechniques.Ⅵ.OpportunitiesforSocialWorkLeadershipinAddictionTreatment

Further,socialworkresearchersneedto：1)expandresearchonimplementationofempiricallytested,culturallyadapted,screening,assessment,andtreatmentmethods;2)supporttheuseofanextensiverangeofhealthservicesbythosewithSUDs.3)promotethedevelopmentofpoliciesandprogramstoensuretheimplementationoftheACAincludesaccessparitytobehavioral.【ChapterSummary】Socialworkersplayimportantrolesinaddressingaddictions.Somedothisbyspecial