2024上海高考英语完形填空高频词汇及解题方法指导（含名校真题）

考点03完形填空高频考点词汇梳理及名校真题特训·模块一完形填空高频词汇·模块二常考形近词辨析·模块三完形填空解题技巧·模块四2020-2022年春季高考真题特训·模块五2024届上海名校模考题特训模块一模块一完形填空高频词汇动词abandon;absorb;acquire;activate;adapt;address;adjust;adopt;affect;alter;avoid;ask;addbalance;bringup;bringchallenge;collect;change;convince;comeback;carryout;choose;contain;come;cooperate;commit;counter;complete;composedefine;distribute;decrease;discourage;dominate;drive;experience;escape;enter;end;emphasize;envy;educate;equal;easefind;forbid;function;fasten;facilitate;force;formgain;gowith;giveinto;get;grant;guessinterest;introduce;judge;improve;inquire;indicate;involve;inspire;impactonlimit;load;layoff;learnmake;miss;makeanyprogressorganize;operate;prove;propose;prevent;protect;ruin;require;relieve;realize;relate;receive;resist;reach;recall;risk;review;stress;send;spread;spreadout;serveanypurpose;smile;share;sleeptake;takeanyadvantage;use;understand;winanysupport名词addict;advance;advantage;admire;attraction;aspect;adolescent;adulthood;amount;achievement;accommodation;ability;association;behavior;benefit;business;coincidence;chance;comparison;concept;condition;culture;case;company;childhood;custom;case;cause;cleaner;comparison;distraction;decision;donation;disease;distinction;evidence;expense;effort;extent;emotion;event;entertainment;falsehood;figure;fairness;feeling;fact;guidance;habit;harmony;handwriting;innovation;innocence;inquiry;intention;intent;interest;implement;impact;issue;interaction;knowledge;live;local;invitation;leisure;look;mystery;method;mood;minority;majority;mass;minimum;neighborhood;object;occasion;purpose;productivity;postponement;payment;peace;procedure;question;quantity;quality;resistance;risk;receipt;reception;result;restaurant;reform;responsibility;resource;score;scene;survey;surrounding;service;support;structure;smile;temptation;trend;tiredness;thickness;thought;trouble;tourist;transport;trust;visitor;view;wait;形容词alarming;active;alert;alternative;appropriate;appropriate;alternative;better;charming;calm;critical;concerning;courageous;creative;clearer;complex;crucial;compulsory;disappointing;delighted;extraordinary; encouraging;environmental;economic;earlier;frustrating;familiar;faster;generous;geographic;harmless;historical;inevitable;instructing;important;imaginary;innovative;individual;logic;longer;later;major;national;opposite;objective;preventable;persistent;ridiculous;resistant;relevant;strange ;silent;sustainable;sufficient;small;satisfied;same;similar;slower;slight;separate;smaller;shorter;sustainable;true;tough;temporary;unfamiliar;unblocked;universal;unconscious;unique;usefulwrong;wider;副词accidentally;bycontrast;Besides;consequently;considerably;constantly;consciously;deliberately;delicately;equally;eventually;equivalently;fully;Forexample;gradually;however;happily;Inparticular;Inconclusion;Incomparison;inaword;inaddition;inwantof;incaseof;infavourof;inadditionto;meanwhile;Moreover;necessarily;otherwise;obviously;occasionally;really;readily;really;rather;respectively;seriously;Therefore;what’smore;模块模块二常考形近词辨析春秋考形近词A.ruin B.improve C.affect D.involveA.inquires B.requires C.acquires D.gainsA.improved B.indicated C.involved D.inspiredA.concept B.receipt C.reception D.conditionA.alternative B.appropriate C.approximate D.sufficientA.make B.adopt C.adapt D.adjustA.fully B.really C.readily D.accidentallyA.generous B.persistent C.courageous D.resistantA.addict B.advance C.advantage D.admireA.forbiddenB.functionedC.fastened D.facilitatedA.intention B.extent C.purpose D.intentA.temptation B.charming C.attractions D.distractionsA.quantityB.minimumC.quality D.majorityA.eventuallyB.constantlyC.equivalently D.consciously常见形近词：【知识梳理】ferconfer商议；2.offer提供；3.differ与不同；4.infer推断；5.prefer更喜欢；6.suffer遭受；7.refer提及，参考；8.transfer转移2.form1.inform通知；2.perform表演、表现；3.platform站台；4.transform转变、变革；5.uniform制服；1.formal正式的；2.former前者；3.information信息；4.format格式；5.formula方程式；6.formation形成3.pose组成；2.dispose处置；3.deposit存钱；4.expose暴露；5.impose强加；6.oppose反对；7.propose提议、求婚；8.purpose目的；9.suppose猜想、假设4.fine1.define下定义；2.refine提炼；3.confine局限于；4.infinite无限的；5.finite有限的；6.finish完成5.quire1.require要求；2.inquire打听，询问；3.acquire获得6.serve1.deserve值得；2.reserve预订；3.conserve保留；4.preserve保存；5.conservative保守的；6.observe观察7.vis1.vision视力，远见；2.visual视觉的；3.visible可见的；4.television电视；5.visit参观；1.revise修改；2.device装置；3.advise建议；4.supervise监督8.scribe1.describe描述；2.prescribe开处方；3.script手稿9.port1.export出口；2.import进口；3.transport运输；4.opportunity机会；5.support支持；6.passport护照1.portable可携带的；2.portion部分；3.proportion比例10.part1.partner伙伴；2.particular特别的；3.participate参与11.pend1.expend花费；2.depend依靠；3.suspend延缓；悬浮；4.indispensable不可或缺；5.expenditure花销12.sume1.assume猜想、承担；2.consume消耗、消费；3.presume假设；4.resume简历；重新开始13.press1.depress压抑；2.express表达；迅速的；3.impress给…印象；3.compress压缩；4.oppress压迫5.pressure压力14.spect1.aspect方面；2.respect尊敬，方面；3.perspective观点；4.suspect怀疑；5.prospect前景；6.inspect检查；7.expect期待1.spectator观众；2.spectacular壮观的1.species物种；2.special特别的；3.specialized专门的；4.specific具体的；5.specify具体说明15.vail1.available可用的；2.prevail流行16.lect1.select挑选；2.elect选举；3.collect收集；4.neglect忽视；5.intellect智力；6.dialect方言；7.reflect反映、反射17.lieve1.believe相信；2.relieve解放；3.achieve获得18.verse1.adverse不利的；2.diverse各种各样；3.universe宇宙的；4.reverse颠倒，倒转；5.converse交谈、相反的；6.university大学；7.version版本，译本；8.anniversary周年纪念日19.volve1.revolve旋转、革命；2.involve包含、牵连；3.evolve进化1.volume数额、音量20.ssion1.passion激情；2.commission佣金、委员会；3.mission使命；4.session议程21.l作坊；2.pill药丸；3.spill溅；4.bill账单；5.till直到；6.thrill激动22.mit犯….错误；2.omit省略；3.limit限制；4.permit允许；5.emit泄漏，释放；6.transmit传播；7.submit提交、屈服于；8.summit峰会23.sue1.issue话题2.pursue追求3.tissue（肌肉）组织24.ray1.pray祷告；2.spray喷射；3.tray托盘；4.betray背叛；5.gray灰色25.stance1.instance事例；2.distance距离；3.substance物质；4.circumstance环境26.stitute1.constitute组成、宪法；2.institute机构；3.substitute代替；27.tract1.attract吸引；2.distract（使）分心；3.contract签合同，收缩；4.abstract抽象的，摘要；5.subtract减；6.tractor拖拉机；7.extract提取：榨取28.ceed1.exceed超过；2.succeed成功、接替；3.proceed继续29.cede1.recede衰退；2.concede给予；3.precede在..之前30.struct1.structure结构；2.instruct指导；3.construct建筑；4.destruct毁灭31.sist1.assist协助；2.consist组成；3.resist反抗；4.persist坚持；5.insist坚持；6.sister姐妹32.ash1.clash碰撞；2.crash碰碎；3.smash粉碎33.rrow1.borrow借；2.narrow狭窄的；3.arrow剑；4.sparrow麻雀；5.sorrow悲伤；6.tomorrow明天34.llow1.fellow伙伴；2.follow跟随；3.hollow空心的；4.pillow枕头；5.yellow黄色的；6.allow允许；7.shallow浅的；8.swallow吞、燕子35.tain1.attain达到；2.contain包含；3.obtain获得；4.stain污渍；5.sustain支持、持续；6.entertain娱乐；7.retain滞留；8.maintain保持36.ulate1.stimulate刺激；2.accumulate积蓄；3.calculate计算；4.speculate推测；5.regulate调节；6.circulate循环37.prise组成；2.surprise惊讶；3.enterprise企业38.fuse1.confuse使..疑惑；2.refuse拒绝；3.diffuse熔化39.gress进步；2.regress倒退；3.aggressive进攻性的；4.congress国会40.vention1.convention传统、会议；2.invention发明；3.adventure冒险；4.intervention干预；5.prevent阻止；6.event大事件模块模块三完形填空解题技巧【知识梳理】完形填空常用的解题技巧：上下文语义1.Iftheyvaluedmerit,childrenshould(44)__________thesweetsaccordingtosharesofthecatch.Thatis,iftheyhadlandedthesamenumberoffish,theywoldchoosetorewardeachone(45)__________,butifonefaredmuchbetteratfishing,rewardswouldalsobedisproportionate.Inthecasewheretheyweresimplygiventhefish,rewardsshouldbeunrelatedtocatchsize—sincenoeffortwasinvolved.A.collect B.load C.stress D.distribute【解析】根据后面accordingtothesharesofthecatch可知选D2.Theriseof“citybreaks”48-hourburstsofforeigncultures,easieronthepocketandannualleavebalancehasincreasedtouristnumbers,butnottheir____42____spread.ThesameattractionshavebeenusedtomarketcitiessuchasParis,BarcelonaandVenicefordecades,andvisitorsusethesameinfrastructureasresidentstoreachthem.42.A.environmental B.national C.economic D.geographic【解析】根据后面Paris,BarcelonaandVenice可知是DAgreatervarietyof____47____forprospectivevisitorsideasforwhattodoinoff-peakseasons,forexample,oroutsideofthecitycentercanhavetheeffectofdivertingthemfromalreadysaturatedlandmarks,or____48____shortbreaksawayinthefirstplace.47.A.reform B.guidance C.invitation D.support【解析】根据后面ideasforwhattodoinoff-peakseasons,forexample,oroutsideofthecitycenter可知选B搭配【例题精讲】1.Now,scientistsarecarryingoutexperimentsnotonlytoprovethatitexists,butalsotofindouthowyoucan(44)__________ittoyouradvantage.44.A.alter B.define C.find D.use【解析】useittoyouradvantage固定搭配，好好利用；加以利用2.“Ifitturnsoutthatsomepeoplecangenuinelyforecastthefuturesomeofthetime,asIbelievethedatashows,then(55)__________thisabilityisasimportantascutting-edgescience.”55.A.proving B.challenging C.limiting D.understanding【解析】该空不仅要搭配ability而且要搭配science，故选D3.Butitalso____45____abetterway,itiscalled“detourism”:sustainabletraveltipsan____46____itinerariesforexploringanauthenticVenice,offthepathsbeatenbythe28millionvisitorswhoflockthereeachyear.45.A.addresses B.introduces C.proposes D.Receives【解析】根据宾语abetterway可知选C词汇复现【例题精讲】1.AccordingtoSchafer,nobodyhaseverlookedathowyoungchildrenfromdifferent(42)__________thinkaboutmeritwhensharingrewards.ThereisreasontosuspectthatmeritocracymaybemoreofaWesternconceptandvalue,sosheandseveralcolleaguesdecidedtoputthistothetest,studyingthe(43)__________ofchildren,fourto11yearsold,inthreedifferentcultures.A.cultures B.cases C.companies D.aspects【解析】根据后文indifferentcultures可知选A2.AccordingtoSchafer,nobodyhaseverlookedathowyoungchildrenfromdifferent(42)__________thinkaboutmeritwhensharingrewards.Inegalitarianforagersocieties,suchastheHaillom,(53)__________isanimportantlevelingmechanism,(54)__________asymmetriesinwealthandincreasingharmony.A.cooperating B.smiling C.equaling D.sharing【解析】根据前文sharingrewards可知选D3.HepointstounpublisheddatafromtheBarcelonaTouristBoardthatprioritizesJapanesetouristsforspendinganaverageof640moreperdaythanFrenchtouristasa(n)____52____thatfailstotakeintoaccounttheirbiggercarbonfootprint.____53____touristsarealsomorelikelytoberepeatvisitorsthatcomeatoff-peaktimes,buylocalproduce,and____54____tolesscrowdedpartsofthecityallproductivestepstowardsmore____55____tourism,andmorepeacefulrelationswithresidents.53.A.French B.Italian C.Spanish D.German【解析】根据前文只讲了French和Japanese可知选A逻辑推理【知识梳理】逻辑推理法，指的就是理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。经常考查的逻辑关系有5大类：（1）并列及递进：and,or,also,either...or...,neither...nor...,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswethesame...as,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore(2)转折及让步：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,unlike,whereas,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteo够（3）因果及解释：because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so...that,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asareslt琴becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse（4)列举及举例：first—second—lastofall,first—then,tobeginwith—tocontinue/next,ononehand—ontheotherhand,foronething—foranotherthing,one—another,some—others—stillothers（5）总分：inall,inbrief,inshort,inaword,inconclusion,altogether,tosumup,tosummarize,toconclude,togeneralize,toputitinoneword【例题精讲】1.Orhaveyouexperiencedasuddenfeelingofuneaseordangereventhoughyou’reina(n)(41)__________situation?41.A.unfamiliar B.tough C.harmless D.ridiculous【解析】根据eventhough表转折，结合前面uneaseordanger可知选C2.Itcouldbethatinlarge-scalesocietieslikeGermany,ameritocracyis(50)__________forregulatingtransactionsbetweenpeoplewhodon’tknoweachotherandmaynotinteractagain.Thefocusisonequitableinteractions,becausethingswon’tbe“evenedout”inthefuture.Insmallscalesocieties,(51)__________,mostexchangestakeplacebetweenpeoplewhoare(52)__________withoneanother.51.A.inaword B.inaddition C.bycontrast D.what’smore【解析】根据前文large-scaresocieties和本句smallscaresocieties可知是对比关系，故选CRadinhasfoundthatoneinsixpeoplehasariseinarousebeforetheyseetheroadaccident-typepictures,whileremaining(50)__________beforethetree-typepictures.A.active B.calm C.silent D.alert【解析】根据while表对比，结合前文ariseinarouse可知选B模块模块四2020-2022年春季高考真题特训2022年1月春考Artificiallysweeteneddietdrinksmakenodifferencetoweightgainandshouldnotbeseenashealthierthantheirsugar-ladencounterparts,accordingtoateamofexperts,Areviewofresearchevidenceconcludesthereisnothingtosupportclaimsthatsugarfreeversionsofpopularsoftdrinkscanhelp(4l)_______obesityandrelateddiseasessuchasType2diabetes.Industrysponsoredstudiesreporting"favourable"associationsbetweendietdrinksandweightlossmaybebiased,itclaims.Therehavebeenconcernsthatdietdrinks,knownasartificiallysweetenedbeverages(ASBs),mightleadpeopletoconsumemorecaloriesby(42)________sweetflavourtastebuds.Thenewstudyfoundthatevidence(43)_________thehealthinessofASBswasinconclusivewithrandomizedcontrolledtrials(RCTs)producingmixedresults.SenorinvestigatorProfessorChristopherMillettsaid:"Acommonperception,whichmaybeinfluencedbyindustrymarketing,isthatbecause‘diet’drinkshavenosugar,theymustbehealthierandaidweightlosswhenusedasa(n)(44)forfullsugarversionsHowever,wefoundnosolidevidencetosupportthisTheresearcherspointedoutthatresearchsupportedbyfoodorbeveragecompanieswasmorelikelytofindnoevidenceoflinksbetweensugarydrink(45)_________andobesitythannon-industrysponsoredresearch.Similarly,ASBindustry-sponsoredresearchwas"morelikelytoreportfavourableresultsand(46)________regardingASBeffectsonweightcontrol”Inmanycases.researchershadfailedtodisclose(47)__________ofinterestrelatingtolinkswiththefoodindustry.itwasclaimed.CoauthorDrMarinCarolinaBorgessaid:“ThelackofsolidevidenceonthehealtheffectsofASBsandthepotentialinfluenceofbiasfromindustryfundedstudiesshouldbetakenseriouslywhendiscussingwhetherASBsare(48)__________alternativestoSSBs(sugar-sweetenedbeverages)."LeadingBritishnutritionistProfessorSusanJebbsaiddespitethemixedevidence,therewasnoreasontobelievethatreplacingsugarydrinkswithartificiallysweetened(49)________didanyharmShesaid,“Forpeopleseekingtomanagetheirweight,tapwateris(50)__________thebestdrinktochoose,forhealthandtheenvironment,butfarmanypeoplewhoareusedtodrinkingsugarydrinks,thiswillbeloohardachangeto(51)_________.Artificiallysweeteneddrinksareastepinthe(52)__________directiontocutcalories."DietitianProfessorTomSanders,wasalsocriticaloftheresearch,callingit“anopinionpieceratherthana(n)(53)___________reviewoftheevidence”.He(54)____________“Theconclusionthatreducedsugarorsugar-freedrinksshouldnotbepromotedorseenaspartofahealthydietseemsunwarrantedandlikelytoaddtopublic(55)_____________.”A.relieve B.oppose C.prevent D.botherA.inserting B.stimulating C.enhancing D.securingA.resultingfrom B.referringto C.dependingon D.relatingtoA.Substitute B.proposal C.suspect D.implicationA.Efficiency B.consumption C.distribution D.modernizationA.appointments B.instructions C.performances D.conclusions47.A.threats B.matters C.conflicts D.appeals48.A.adequate B.essential C.available D.deliberate49.Ainitiatives B.alternatives C.objectives D.representatives50.A.withoutquestion B.beyonddescriptionC.aroundthecorner D.inconsequence51.A.settle B.route C.mend D.makeA.wrong B.right C.proper D.opposite53.A.democratic B.automatic C.systematic D.dramatic54.A.transferred B.rangedC.accessed D.added55.A.fascination B.ambition C.confusion D.Isolation【答案】41-55CBDABDCABADBCDC【详解】41C[解析]根据前文“Artificiallysweeteneddietdrinksmakenodifferencetoweightgainandshouldnotbeseenashealthierthantheirsugar-ladencounterpartsaccordingtoateamofexpents.(一组专家称，人工加糖的无糖饮料对增重没有影，世不应现为比合饮料更健康。)”，再分析选项可知此处说的是无糖再五法报助规防一些疾。句意为”一项对研究证据的综述得出结论，没有任何上歌支按通行款收的无鹏版本有助于预防(prevent)肥胖和2型糖尿病等相关药醒的说社，故选C.relievev.解除，减轻，缓和:opposev.反对(计划、政通)抵:preventv.防止:刚止;照码:botherv.打扰:花费时间精力(做某事）。42.B[解析]结合前面的“mightleadpeopletoconsumemorecalories(导致人们摄入更多的卡路里)”，分析选项可知，这是甜味味蕾被刺激后的结果，此处句意为“有人担心，被称为人工加糖饮料(ASBs)的无糖饮料可能会刺激(stimulating)人们的甜味味蕾，导致人们摄入更多的卡路里”，故选B。insertingv.插入;入;stimulatingv.促进;激发，刺激;enhancingv，提高;增强;增进;securingv获得，取得，实现。43.D[解析]结合选项，此处用“与ASBs健康相关的”更符合语境及逻辑，此处句意为“新的研究发现，与ASBs健康相关的(relatingto)证据是不确定的，随机对照试验(rct)产生了混合的结果”，故选D。resultingfrom由于;referringto提及;参阅;dependingon依据，根据;relatingto关于;涉及。44.A[解析]分析选项，根据常识可知，为了减肥，人们会将无糖饮料作为全粗饮料的替代品，此处句意为“人们普遍认为，由于“无糖饮料不含糖，所以作为全糖饮料的替代品(substitute)，它们肯定更健康，有助于减肥，这可能是受行业营销的影响”，故选A。substituten.代用品，代替者;代替者;proposaln.提议建议;求婚;suspectn.犯罪嫌疑人;嫌疑犯;implicationn.可能的影响(或作用、结果);含意;暗指。45.B[解析]前面提到为了减肥，人们会将无糖饮料作为全糖饮料的替代品，分析选项可知，此处只有“含糖饮料的消费与肥胖”更符合逻辑及语境。句意为“研究人员指出，与非行业赞助的研究相比，食品或饮料公司支持的研究更有可能找不到含糖饮料消费(consumption)与肥胖之间联系的证据”，故选B。efficiencyn效率;效能;consumptionn.消耗，消耗量;费:distributionn.分配:分布;分发;modernizationn.现代化;维新:现代化之事物。46.D[解析]该词与“results(结果)”并列，所以它们的意思应该是相近的，分析选项可知此处应选“conclusions”。句意为“同样，ASB行业费助的研究“更有可能报告关于ASB对体重控制效果的有利结果和结论(conclusions)“故选D。appointmentsn.约会;预约:约定;instructionsn.说明书;指示;命令;performance:n.表演;演出:conclusionsn.结论:推论:结束。47.C[解析]分析选项，此处用“利益冲突”更符合语境及逻辑，句意为“报告称，在许多情况下，研究人员未能披露与食品行业相关的利益冲突(conflicts)”，故选C。threatsn.威胁;恐吓;凶兆:mattersn.课题:事情;问题:事态;conflictsn.争执:争论:(军事)冲突:战斗;appealsn.上诉;申诉;吸引力。48.A[解析]根据前面的“ThelackofsolidevidenceonthehealtheffectsofASBsandthepotentialinfluenceofbiasfromindustryfundedstudiesshouldbetakenseriously(应该认真对待ASB对健康影响的确凿证据以及行业资助研究的潜在偏见影响)”，再分析选项可知这是在讨论ASB是否是含糖饮料的合格替代品时应该考虑的问题。句意为“在讨论ASB是否是含糖饮料的合格(adequate)替代品时，应该认真对待ASB对健康影响的确凿证据以及行业资助研究的潜在偏见影响”，故选A。adequatead;.充足的;足够的;合格的;essentialadj.本质的;必不可少的:availableadj.可获得的;可购得的;deliberateadj.故意的;蓄意的;存心的。49.B[解析]结合前文及语境可推知此处句意为“英国著名营养学家苏珊·杰布教授说，尽管证据好坏参半，但没有理由相信用人工加糖的替代品(alternatives)取代含糖饮料会有任何伤害”，故选B。initiativesn.倡议;新方案:主动性:alternativesn.普代品;可供选择的事物:objectivesn.目标;目的:representativesn.代表;销售代表。50.A[解析]自来水就是最好的饮料。结合选项可知作者在此处想要表达的是“对下那些想控制体重的人来说，从健康和环境的角度来说，自来水无疑(withoutquestion)尼最好的饮料选择”，故选A。withoutquestion毫无疑间(表示强调自巴的观点;毫无疑问地;毫无异议地;beyonddescription难以形容，无法形容:aroundthecomer在拐角处:即将发生，在附近:inconsequence结果;因此。51.D[解析]分析选项，“makeachange(做出改变)”符合及语境，此处句为“但对于许多习惯喝含糖饮料的人来说，这将是一个太难的改变”，故选D。settlev.解(分歧、纠纷等):定居，结来:routev.按某路线发送:mendv.修现，修补:缝补;makev.制作，制造，组装。52.B[解析]结合语境及选项可推知此处句意为“人工加糖饮料是朝着减少卡路但的正确(right)方向边出的一步”，故选B。wrongadj.错误的，不对的rightadj.正确的;真正的，真实的:properadj.适当的，正确的:恰当的:oppositeadj.对面的;另一边的;相反的。53.C[解析]根据前面的“wasalsocriticaloftheresearch”可知这个营养学家是对这项研究提出了批评的。分析选项可知此处句意为“营养学家汤姆·桑德斯教授也对这项研究提出了批评,称其为·一篇观点文章,而不是对证据的系统(systematic)回顾”，故选C。democraticadj.民主的;民主政体的;民主制度的;automaticadj.自动的;无意识的;不假思索的;systematicadj.成体系的;系统的;有条理的;dramaticadj.戏剧性的;引人注目的;戏剧的。54.D[解析]这里还是该教授的观点，所以该空为“补充道”。此处句意为“他补充道(added)”，故选D。transferredv.(使)转移，搬迁;(使)调动;转职;rangedv.(在一定的范围内)变化，变动;accessedv.访问，存取(计算机文件);到达:进入;使用;addedv.增加;加添;补充55.C[解析]根据前面的“Theconclusionthatreducedsugarorsugar-freedrinksshouldnotbepromotedorseenaspartofahealthydietseemsunwarranted(减小糖或无糖饮料不应该被推广或视为健康饮食的一部分的结论似乎没有根据)”，这会导致的结果是“很可能会增加公众的困惑(confusion)”。故选C。fascinationn.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷;ambitionn.追求的目标:夙愿;野心;confusionn.混乱;混淆;困惑;isolationn.隔离，分离;孤立，孤独。2021年1月春考完型填空来源:2017年1月《洛杉矶时报（LATimes）》，讲述电动车作为l绿色通勤方式ThemiseryofmybikecommuteinCalgary,Alberta,istherivervalleyhill.It'snotparticularlysteep,butataboutamilelong,Irarelyclimbedupwithoutarrivingwithsweat.Studieshaveshowntheprospectofarrivingatworksweatyisoneofthebiggest(41)______togettingwould-bebikecommutersoutoftheircars.That'sespeciallytrueinacitylikeLosAngeles,where(42)__mayfacelongroutes,hillsorhotstreetswithalackofshade."Pedelec",orpedalelectric-assistedbikesliketheoneIrode,canendthatworry.Theylookandactliketraditionalbicycles,buttheirmotorsmakepedalingmucheasierwhenrequired.Sometimescalledthemostenergy-efficientmotorizedmodeoftransportationeverbuilt,they'realsoincrediblygreen.Thebiggestbarriermaybetheoutdatedattitudethatseesbikesonlyasarecreationalathleticopportunityratherthanapractical(43)____option.AtatimewhencitiesacrossNorthAmericaarestrugglingtocombatcripplingtrafficandreduceclimateemissions,e-bikeshavethe(44)______toeasethebothproblems.Andyetridershiphasyettotruly(45)____.About152,000e-bikesweresoldlastyearintheU.S.,afigurethatwouldbemorethan5millionifAmericansusedthematthesamerateaswesternEuropeans.Manyofthebarrierstoe-bike(46)______inNorthAmericaarelegislative.Patchworkrulestreate-bikesmorelikemopedsthantraditionalpedalbikesinsomejurisdictions,meaningtheyare(47)_frombikelanesandfromboardingpublictransportation.Fewplacesonthecontinent,(48)______,arebetterpoisedtobreakthroughbarriersthanCalifornia.Legislationwasapprovedlastyeartoencouragee-bikeuse,bylegallydifferentiatingthecyclesfrommopeds.Inanattempttoheadoffworriesaboutturbochargedmachinesflyingdownsidewalksandbikelanesatunsafespeeds,thelawclassifiesbikesintodifferenttiersto(49)___lower-speede-bikes,whichtopoutat20mph,fromfaster-moving"speedpedelecs",whicharerestrictedfromprotectedbikepaths.Amidtheselegislative(50)____,e-bikeshavebecomemoreaccessibletoconsumer.Findingtheminbikeshopsisn'tas(51)____asitoncewas,andtheircosthasfallenasthepriceoflithium-ionbatterieshasdropped.Today,adecente-bike,whilestill(52)___,iscomparableinpricetoahigh-endmountainbike.Afteryearsof(53)________overmixingpedalandmotorpower,cyclingadvocacyorganizationsalsoarefinallythrowingtheirsupportbehinde-bikes.DaveSnyder,theexecutivedirectoroftheCaliforniaBicycleCoalition,(54)_______thestate'snewlegislationbasedpartlyonthe(55)_______thate-bikeshelpoutthosewho"justcan'trideasfarorasfastastheyneedto".41.A.advantages B.processes C.barriers D.complements42.A.riders B.builders C.customers D.volunteers42.A.production B.communication C.facilities D.transportation43.A.routine B.potential C.temporary D.major44.A.makeof B.carryon C.bringup D.takeoff45.A.adaptation B.adoption C.adjustment D.justification46.A.proved B.alerted C.banned D.authorized47.A.however B.unless C.meanwhile D.anyway48.A.originate B.combine C.separate D.satisfy49.A.factors B.benefits C.limits D.damages50.A.proper B.critical C.sensational D.difficult 51.A.expensive B.distinctive C.sensitive D.intensive52.A.trouble B.concern C.power D.scale53.A.favored B.folded C.referred D.gifted54.A.appeal B.address C.amount D.advocate【答案】41-45.CADBDBCACBDABAD试题分析41.

C【解析】根据上文所提及的有关河谷山的描述ThemiseryofmybikecommuteinCalgary,Alberta,istherivervalleyhill以及作者对自己相关情况的描述Irarelyclimbedupwithoutarrivingwithsweat可知，此处句意为“研究表明，上班时满身大汗是让骑自行车的上班族下车的最大障碍（barriers

）之一”，故选C。advantagesn.

有利条件；processesn.

过程；barriersn.

障碍；屏障；complementsn.

补足物；补语。42.A【解析】结合文章第一句提及的ThemiseryofmybikecommuteinCalgary,Alberta,istherivervalleyhill骑自行车上下班可知，此处句意为“那里的车手（riders）可能会面临长途跋涉”，故选A。ridersn.

骑（马、自行车等）的人；buildersn.

建设者；建筑工人；customersn.[商业]客户；volunteers志愿者。43.D【解析】根据上文提及的作者骑自行车上下班，又结合此处介绍一款新的电动自行车，可推知此处句意为“最大的障碍可能是过时的态度，认为自行车只是一种娱乐运动机会，而不是一种实用的交通（transportation）选择”，故选D。productionn.

生产；产量；communicationn.

表达，交际；facilitiesn.

工具；设备；transportation

n.

运输；交通工具，运输工具。44.B【解析】结合上文中提及的电动自行车，以及此处提及的AtatimewhencitiesacrossNorthAmericaarestrugglingtocombatcripplingtrafficandreduceclimateemissions，可推知此处应该是说“电动自行车有缓解相关问题的潜在（potential）可能性”，故选B。routineadj.

常规的；日常的；potential

adj.

潜在的；temporaryadj.

短暂的；majoradj.

重要的；严重的。45.D【解析】结合下文中提及的相关电动自行车车的销售数量和对比，可推知此处表达的是乘客数量还不够多，相比较之下，takeoff更适合句意，故选D。makeof

用…做成；理解；明白；carryon

继续做，坚持干；bringup

养育，抚养；takeoff脱掉；起飞；突然成功。

46.B【解析】结合上文的相关内容，以及下文提及关于电动车使用的相关规定的可知此处应该是关于电动车的使用规范，故B项比较合适。adaptationn.

改编版；适应；adoption

n.

收养，领养；adjustmentn.

调整，调节；justificationn.

辩解；无过失。47.C【解析】结合上文提及的Patchworkrulestreate-bikesmorelikemopedsthantraditionalpedalbikesinsomejurisdictions可知，此处句意为“这意味着它们被禁止（banned）在自行车道上行驶和乘坐公共交通工具”，故选C。provedv.

证明；alertedv.

向…报警；使警觉，使戒备；banned

v.

禁止；取缔；authorizedv.

授权，批准，委托。48.A【解析】结合上文内容，以及此处句意非洲大陆上几乎没有什么地方比加利福尼亚州更能冲破这些障碍，可推知此处需要填入一个转折连词，排除C和D项，而相比之下，A项更符合句意。however

adv.

然而；不管怎样；conj.不管怎样；unlessconj.除非；如果不；meanwhileadv.

同时；在此期间；与之相比；anywayadv.

无论如何；不管怎样。49.C【解析】根据该段中thelawclassifiesbikesintodifferenttiers可知，此处句意为，该法律将自行车分为不同的等级，以区分（separate）速度较低的电动自行车（最高时速为20英里）和速度较快的“速度行人专用道”，故选C。originatevi.

起源于，来自；vt.

引起；创始，创作；combinevt.

引起；创始，创作；separate

v.

（使）分开，分离；satisfyv.

（使）满意。

50.B【解析】结合下文e-bikeshavebecomemoreaccessibletoconsumer可知，消费者们开始接受电动自行车来，故推知此处句意为“在这些立法上的好处（benefits）中，电动自行车已经变得更容易为消费者所接受”，故选B。factorsn.

因素；benefits

n.

津贴费；利益；limitsn.界限；限度；限额；damagesn.

损失。51.D【解析】结合上文中e-bikeshavebecomemoreaccessibletoconsumer.可推知此处句意为“在自行车店找到它们不像以前那么困难（difficult）了”，故选D。properadj.

适宜的；正确的；criticaladj.

关键的；严重的；sensationaladj.

轰动的；耸人听闻的；difficult

adj.

困难的；问题多的，麻烦的。

52.A【解析】结合文章中的相关表述可知，此处与电动自行车的价格有关，故此处选A项更合适。expensive

adj.

昂贵的；distinctiveadj.

独特的；特别的；sensitiveadj.

体贴的；敏感的；intensiveadj.

加强的，强烈的。

53.B【解析】结合下文中cyclingadvocacyorganizationsalsoarefinallythrowingtheirsupportbehinde-bikes提及最终的结果，可推知此处句意为“经过多年对混合踏板和电机动力的关注（concern）”，故选B。troublen.

问题，麻烦，困难；concernn.

担心；关心；令人担心的事；powern.

权力；能力；scalen.

规模，等级。

54.A【解析】结合上文提及的cyclingadvocacyorganizationsalsoarefinallythrowingtheirsupport，可知此处加州自行车联盟的执行董事戴夫·斯奈德对新立法的态度是支持的，故选A。favoredadj.

受到优待的；有天赋的；folded