城市生活的利与弊

城市生活的利与弊生活在大都市既会给我们带来先进的医疗条件、丰富的娱乐方式等「红利」，也存在着环境污染、生活压力大等问题。本期，我们将聚焦大城市摩登生活，讨论其利与弊，并探讨如何应对大城市生活带来的消极影响。主题素材速览1.城市生活相关表达2.大城市摩登生活的优势3.大城市摩登生活的劣势4.城市管理者如何应对上述劣势5.城市居民如何应对上述劣势01相关写作考试1.

四级2015年6月请简单描述并评价图片中的现代生活方式。

2.

四级2018年12月请说明在生活在大城市可能会遇到的挑战。02主题语料素材1城市生活相关表达▲

citydwellers

城市居民▲

amenities

便利设施▲

streetmaintenance

街道维护▲

apartmentbuildings

公寓建筑▲

crimeanddelinquency

犯罪或违法行为2大城市摩登生活的优势①

更好的个人发展机会：

Since

qualityeducation

andawidevarietyofjobopportunitiesareeasilyavailableinbigcities,urbandwellers

havebetteraccessto

skillstraining

resources,higherincomes,and

abroadsocialnetwork,altogethercontributingtoanindividual’s

overalldevelopment.▲

qualityeducation

优质教育▲

havebetter/greateraccesstosth.

更好地/更容易地获取某物▲

skillstraining

技能培训▲

abroadsocialnetwork

广阔的社交网▲

overalldevelopment

全面发展②便利的公共交通系统：The

well-developedpublictransportationsystem

inmajorcitiesis

aboonto

urbanresidentswhofrequentlymovearoundforwork,studyorsimply

leisure.Forexample,thesubwayallowspassengerstotravellongdistances

acrossthecity

atareasonableprice,withouthavingtoworryabout

trafficjams

orhightravelcosts.

▲

well-developedpublictransportationsystem

发达的公共交通系统▲

aboontosb.

对某人大有益处▲

leisuren.

休闲▲

ata

reasonableprice

以合理的价格▲

trafficjam

堵车③

丰富多样的休闲娱乐方式：Peoplelivingin

a

metropolitan

area

aremorelikelytofindplacesandactivitiesthat

appealto

them,regardlessoftheir

preferences.Whilesomeentertainmentoptionscanbecostly,

museumsandhistoricsites

areoftenfreeorallowentrance

foramodestfee.

▲

a

metropolitanarea

大都市区▲

appealtosb.

吸引某人▲

preferencen.

偏爱，偏好▲

museumsandhistoricsites

博物馆和历史遗迹▲

for

amodestfee

收费适中④

良好的医疗资源：Dueto

their

proximity

to

majorhospitalsand

practitioners,urbanresidents

areabletoreceiveprofessional

medicalattention

inatimelymanner.Moreover,theadvanced

medicalcare

and

up-to-dateequipment

inbigcitieswouldsignificantlyimprovethe

survivalandrecoveryrate

ofpatients

afflictedby

complexdiseases.▲

proximity

n.

（距离）邻近▲

practitionern.

执业医生▲

medicalattention

治疗▲

medicalcare

医疗护理▲

up-to-date

equipment

最新的设备▲

survivalandrecovery

rate

存活率和康复率▲

be

afflictedbysth.

受……折磨3大城市摩登生活的劣势①

居住环境差：

Itisincreasinglydifficulttofind

anaffordableapartment

inthebiggestcities,somanypeople

endupin

tiny,

cramped

roomswhileworryingabouttheir

utilitybills.Urbanlifenow

issynonymouswith

highpopulationdensity

andenvironmentalproblems

like

airpollution.

▲

anaffordableapartment

经济实惠的公寓▲

endupinsth.

最后处于……▲

crampedadj.

狭小的▲

utility

bills

水电费▲

besynonymouswithsth.

等同于……▲

highpopulationdensity

高人口密度▲

airpollution

空气污染②交通堵塞，通勤费时费力：

Urbanresidents,oftenstuckin

trafficcongestion

oreven

a

gridlock,needtospendmoretimetravelingthesamedistanceasruralresidentsdo.After

crawling

alongintrafficand

stoppingatonelightafteranother,

commuting

becomes

aformoftorture.

▲

trafficcongestion

交通拥堵▲

gridlock

n.

交通全面堵塞▲

crawlvi.

缓慢行进▲

stoppingatone

light

afteranother

在一个又一个红绿灯前停下来▲

commutevi.

通勤▲

a

formoftorture

一种折磨③人际关系多但交情不深：

Thenumberofpeoplethatcity-dwellersneedtointeractwith

inbusinessandinlife

issolargethatsocialinteractionsarelargelybriefandeven

impersonal,makingitdifficultto

forgemeaningfulrelationships

or

strongsocialbonds.

▲

inbusinessandinlife

在工作和生活中▲

impersonal

adj.

缺乏人情味的，冷淡的▲

forgemeaningfulrelationships

建立有意义的关系▲

strongsocialbonds

牢固的社会纽带④

工作和生活压力损害身心健康：Stressistheconsequenceof

heavyworkloads

and

afasterpaceoflife,whichinturnimpairsthe

physicalandmentalhealth

ofurbanresidents.Asaresult,theyaremorelikely

tohavehigherlevelsof

anxiety

and

mooddisorders,and

ratesofheartdisease.▲

heavy

workloads

繁重的工作量▲

afasterpaceoflife

更快的生活节奏▲

physicalandmentalhealth

身心健康▲

anxiety

n.

焦虑，忧虑▲

mooddisorders

情绪异常▲

ratesofheartdisease

心脏病发病率4城市管理者如何应对上述劣势①

加强城市绿化建设：Urbangreenspaces

bringboth

environmentalandhealthbenefits

astheycan

reduceurbanheat,

offsetgreenhousegasemissions,andprovidespacesfor

outdooractivities.Thus,

expandinggreenspace

should

beputontheagenda

of

urbanplanners.▲

urbangreenspaces

城市绿地▲

environmentalandhealthbenefits

对环境和健康的益处▲

reduceurbanheat

降低城市热量▲

offsetgreenhousegasemissions

抵消温室气体排放▲

outdooractivities

户外活动▲

expandinggreenspace

扩大绿地▲

putsth.ontheagenda

将某事提上日程▲

urbanplanners

城市规划者②鼓励使用绿色交通：Thekeyto

smoothtrafficflow

liesin

encouragingpeopletouse

greentransportation.Building

protectedcyclelanes

for

cyclists

andintroducing

roadpricing

for

motorists

arepositivestepstoachievethegoal.▲

thekeyto

sth.

某物的关键▲

smoothtraffic

flow

交通畅通▲

lie

in...

在于……▲

greentransportation

绿色交通▲

protectedcyclelanes

受保护的自行车道▲

cyclistn.

骑自行车的人▲

roadpricing

道路收费▲

motorist

n.

机动车驾驶员③完善体育馆等便民活动设施：Moreinvestmentshouldbedirectedto

renovating

orupgradinginfrastructuresuchas

stadiums

andsportsequipmentto

get

thecitizens

offthecouch,

inabidto

combatthe

sedentarylifestyle

ofmoderngenerations.▲

moreinvestmentshould

bedirectedtosth.

应该增大对……的投资▲

renovate

vt.

修复，翻新▲

stadium

n.

体育场，运动场▲

getsb.

offthecouch

让某人离开沙发▲

sedentary

lifestyle

久坐不动的生活方式5城市居民如何应对上述劣势①

积极锻炼、接触大自然：Residentsarerecommendedto

pursueoutdooractivities,likehikingandcamping,which

facilitate

closecontactwithnature.Exposuretosunlightandfreshaircanhelpimproveone’smoodand

outlookonlife,

relievestress,andenhanceconcentration.▲

pursueoutdooractivities

积极