精讲英语句子成分课件

句子包括哪些成分？１．主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分．一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句充当．它的位置一般在句首．Thegirlispretty.Readingisuseful.（习惯性的动作）Toseeistobelieve.（一次性动作）Theyaregoodfriends.一、主语

主语可以用下面这些东西表示：1.Thesunrisesintheeast.（）2.Helikesdancing.（）3.Twowillbeenough.()4.Seeingisbelieving.（）6.Toseeistobelieve.（）7.Whentoholdthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.()8.Whatheneedsisabook.（）9.Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（）名词代词数词动名词不定式疑问词+不定式从句It作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语当不定式、动名词或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。什么情况下用it作形式主语？谓语：

谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简单动词或者动词短语构成．1.Theyareteachers.2.Shelookswell.3.Hestudieshard.4.Helaughedathisclassmates.5.HecanspeakEnglish.6.Foggathersatthesea.谓语：

简单谓语由一个动词或者动词短语构成．1.Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear.3.Theplanetookoffatseveno'clock.4.HelikeswatchingTV5.Sheworkedoutthisproblem谓语：

复合谓语（1）系动词+标语（2）情态动词/助动词+动词原形1.Theyareaccountants.2.Thefoodtastesgood3.Thetruthisthatwehavelost.4.Sheremainedthere.5.Heisacourageousman6.HergoalistocatchupwithMary.划分出下列句子的谓语：

1.Iwon’tdoitagain.2.Theweathergetswamer,andthedaysgetlonger.3.Heseemedrathertiredlastnight.4.Keepquiteandlistentome.5.Helookedworried.6.Iamansweringyourquestion.划分出下列句子的谓语1.XiaoLiwenttobedassoonashecamehome.2.I'llgowhenIhavehadmydinner.3.Iwanttohelphim.4.Idon'tknowwhattodo.5.Idon'tthink(that)heisright.

6.Ienjoylivinghere.

宾语宾语是谓语动作的承受者，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当．它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后．Sheplaysthepiano.Heoftenhelpsme.IlikewatchingTV.Shelikestogotoshopthisafternoon.Ithinkthatheisgoodguy.二、宾语宾语可以用下面这些东西表示：1.Shelivedahappylife.()2.Iloveyou.()3.Weneedtwo.()4.Doyoumindmyopeningthedoor?()5.HebegantolearnEnglishayearago.()6.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.()7.Didyouwritedownwhatshesaid?()8.Shefeltitherdutytotakegoodcareofthem.()名词代词数词动名词不定式疑问词+不定式从句It作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语划分出下列句子中的宾语1.Myparentsboughtmeacomputer2.Weallliketogotoschool.3.Ithinkheisright.4.Sheisplayingthepianonow.5.Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear6.Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.划分出下列句子中的宾语7.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.8.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?9.Idon’tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.定语定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句都可以充当定语．Theblackbikeismine.What’syourname?Abrokenvase.Ihave5books.Asleepingboy.Theymadepaperflowers.TheboyintheroomisJack.Ihavesomethingtodo.Itisaswimmingpool.三、定语定语可以用下面这些东西表示：It’saredcar.()Theyliveintheroomabove.()Mybrotherisateacher.()Webelongtothethirdworld.()Lucy’sfatherisapoorworker.()Mothermadeabirthdaycakeforme.()Themanunderthetreeismyteacher.()Theswimmingboyis

mybrother./Theboyswimmingintheriverismybrother.()形容词副词代词数词名词所有格名词介词短语现在分词三、定语定语可以用下面这些东西表示：Ilikedthefoodcookedbymymother./Retiredpeoplehaveagoodtimeathome.()Therearetwothingstobediscussedtoday.（）Willyoutellusaboutyourteachingplan?（）ThisistheverybookthatIneed.（）过去分词不定式动名词从句状语状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．一般由副词，介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当，也可由从句来充当．Hediditcarefully.Withouthishelp,wecouldn’tworkitout.Inordertocatchupwithmyclassmates,Imuststudyhard.IwasbornonJune9th1982inGuangxi.Heiswritingwithapen.四、状语状语可以用下面这些东西表示：Heisoftenlateforclass.()Wesawthatpictureatthecinema.()Hesattheresmoking.()Theyreturnedtiredandhungry.（）Theydideverythingtheycouldtosavetheboy’slife.（）Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.()TheboxissoheavythatIcan’tliftit.()副词，程度介词短语，地点分词，伴随不定式，目的形容词，状态让步状语从句结果状语从句四、状语状语可以用下面这些东西表示：Heisoftenlateforclass.()Wesawthatpictureatthecinema.()Hesattheresmoking.()Theyreturnedtiredandhungry.（）Theydideverythingtheycouldtosavetheboy’slife.（）Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.()TheboxissoheavythatIcan’tliftit.()副词，程度介词短语，地点分词，伴随不定式，目的形容词，状态让步状语从句结果状语从句四、状语状语可以用下面这些东西表示：Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.（）Hewasangrybecausewewerelate．(）Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgoout.()时间状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句宾语补足语在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当．Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.Leavethedoor

open.WefoundJohn

outwhenwearrived.Makeyourself

athome.Isawhim

enterthehall.Thebosskeepsthem

workingallday.Iheardmyname

called.五、宾语补足语：IconsiderJimagoodfriend.()Ialwaysfindherhappy.()Peoplepraisedhimasahero.()IhadtheTVfixed.()Isawhimenteringthebuilding.()Whatmadeyouthinkso?()Doyouwantmetogo?()形容词名词介词短语过去分词现在分词省略掉to的不定式不定式表语：

表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面．Iamateacher.Sheishappy.Everybodyishere.Theyareathomenow.MyjobistoteachEnglish.Seeingisbelieving.种类类型主语S谓语动词v表语/宾语p宾语0宾补oc第1种S+VWework第２种Ｓ＋Ｖ＋０He

playsviolin.第３种Ｓ＋ｖ＋ｐWearestudents第４种S+v+IO+DOshegavemeapen第５种S+V+O+OCHemademelaugh指出下列句子划线部分是什么成分Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.