《IT职业英语》课件unit11 Non-finite verb非谓语动词

一、非谓语动词的种类非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词二、动词不定式1．动词不定式的形式：一般形式是to+动词原形2．动词不定式的用法1)作主语Tolearncomputerscienceneedsourgreateffort.2)作表语Thefunctionofthemodemistolinkmorecomputers.3)作宾语LinusdecidedtodevelopasystemthatexceededtheMinixstandards.4)作宾语补足语Pageprintersuselasertoachievehigh-speedhard-copyoutput.5)作定语（动词不定式作定语时放在被修饰的词后面）Hehasnochancetopasstheexam.6)作状语Tobuildyourowncomputer,youwouldneedtheseparts.3.动词不定式的否定结构动词不定式的否定结构是：not+to+动词原形LinusdecidednottodevelopasystemthatwouldexceedtheMinixstandards.4．动词不定式的时态1) Sheseemstoknowabouttheproblem.(一般式表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作后)2) Thestaffpretendedtobeworking.(进行式表示不定式动作与谓语动作同时发生)3) Theclientsaidtohavearrivedhereby8:30.(完成式表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前)5．动词不定式的语态1) Heneedstorepairthelaserprinter.(主动)2) Thelaserprinterneedstoberepaired.(被动）6．特殊情况1) Theemployeehasnothingtodobutplay.(but前面有do时but后省略to)2) You’dbettergetthepermissionbeforeyouleave.(hadbetter后省略to,还有hadbest,wouldrather,wouldsooner…than…,can’tbut等后面的to省略)三、分词1．分词的种类、形式和特征2.分词的用法1) 作表语

Thelap-topcomputerisworking.

Heisinterestedincomputergames.2) 作定语

Theclerkcaughtafallingcordlesskeyboard.Theclerkfoundthelostcordlesskeyboard.3) 作宾语补足语

Heheardthecomputermakinganoise.

Theynoticedtheirnotebookstouchedbysomedirtyhands.4) 作状语

Enteringtheoffice,thebosswasshocked.

Shockedbytheshout,hedidn’tentertheoffice.3. 分词的否定结构

分词的否定结构是：not+分词

Notknowingwhattosay,hekeptsilent.

Nottoldwhattodo,hedidnothing.4．分词的时态1)Hecametowork,bringinghisownnotebook.(同时)2)Havingfinishedhisworkathome,hecameearlierthanothers.(分词动作在前)5．分词的语态1)ThecustomerbeinginvitedisaVIP.(现在分词被动形式表示动作正在进行)2)Havingbeenrebuilt,thecomputerstartedworkingagain.(现在分词被动形式表示动作已经完成)6．特殊情况gone,come,fallen,risen,arrived,grown,returned,passed,changed等作表语时，带有书面语色彩：Summerisgone.Theleavesarefallen.四、动名词1．动名词的形式：一般形式是：动词+ing2．动名词的用法1) 作主语

Playingcomputergamesisgreatfun.2) 作表语

Yourjobisdesigningcomputergames.3) 作宾语

Boysenjoyplayinginternetgames.4) 作定语

Makesomedancingactionsforthevirtualmodelplayers.3．动名词的否定结构动名词的否定结构是：not+动名词Thegirlsregretnotlearningtoplaycomputergames.4．动名词的时态1)Welikechattingonline.(同时)2)Iforgothavingmetthembefore.(分词动作在前)5．动名词的语态1) Theuserdoesn’tlikebeingaskedtokeyinpasswordsfortoomanytimes.(动名词被动语态一般式表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或在谓语动作之前发生)2) Thecustomerisdelightedtohavebeengivenaprizeafterhepurchasesthatcomputer.(动名词的被动语态完成式表示动作在谓语动作之前发生)6．特殊情况在多数情况下都避免使用动名词被动语态完成式，而是用一般式代替，以免句子显得累赘，尤其在口语中。Irememberedoncebeingdriven(havingbeendriven)fromHarbintoChangchun.ExerciseFillinthegapswithanappropriateformoftheverbgiven:1. Iamacomputerseller.IgohomewhenIhavefinished__________mycomputers.(sell)2. After__________allthedoors,hewenthome.(check)3. Wesawakeyboard__________fromtheshelf.(fall)4. __________,s