课时作业1UNIT1ART含解析选择性必修第三册

观千剑而后识器,操千曲而后晓声泰戈尔曾说过:“只有经历过地狱般的磨练，才能炼出创造天堂的力量；只有流过血的手指才能弹奏出世间的绝唱。”课时分层作业(一)Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Ahighdegreeofenthusiasmhasemerged(出现)inthemasses.2．Hefailedtopasshisvisual(视力的)test.3．Hewasaprofessorofsculpture(雕塑)attheAcademy.4．TheeventsI'mspeakingofweresubsequent(后来的)tothewar.5．Theyaskedmetoconvey(传递)theirsincereapologytoyouandpromisedtoreplacetheserollersbynewones.6．Tomwantstoseethepenyoupurchased(购买)yesterday.7．Thesefewwordsfullyrevealedhernoble(高贵的)quality.8．Ournewspaperisaninfluential(有很大影响力的)newspaperinthiscity.9．Withthenewtechnique，measurementwasclaimedtobemuchmoreprecise(精确的)．10．Weshouldencouragepupilstosetrealistic(现实的)goals.Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2021·安徽合肥检测)Thefollowing4famouspaintings—fromJanvanEyck'sworktoPabloPicasso'smasterpiece—havestoodthetestoftime.TheArnolfiniPortraitJanvanEyck'sTheArnolfiniPortrait，anoilpaintingonoakproducedin1434，inwhichamanandawomanholdhandswithawindowbehindhimandabedbehindher，isundoubtedlyamasterpieceintheNationalGallery，London.Thispaintingisoneofthemostfamousandintriguing(非常有趣的)paintingsintheworld.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentaboutthefifteenth­centurysociety.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight，anoiloncanvas(帆布画布)，amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanexpressivenightskyoverasmallvillage，duringhisstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint­Rémy­de­Provence，Francein1889.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941，itwasnotwellknown，butithasbecomeoneofVincentvanGogh'smostfamousworksnow.TheHarvestersTheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.Itdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccursinthelatesummer.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.GuernicaGuernica，alargeoilpainting，waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter，PabloPicasso，in1937.ThetitlereferstothecitythatwasbombedbyNaziduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult，hascometobeananti­warsymbolandareminderofthetragedyofwar.Today，thepaintingishousedattheMuseoReinaSofíainMadrid.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四幅著名艺术家的作品。1．Whichwasproducedearliest?A．Guernica.B．TheHarvesters.C．TheStarryNight. D．TheArnolfiniPortrait.D[细节理解题。根据TheArnolfiniPortrait部分的内容可知，TheArnolfiniPortrait是在1434年由JanvanEyck创作，其他几幅画的创作时间都晚于这幅画。故选D。]2．WhatdoweknowaboutthepaintingTheStarryNight?A．Itwaspaintedonwoodinoils.B．Itdescribedthepainter'slifeinhospital.C．Itwasn'twidelyrecognizedbefore1941.D．Itwasgivenawaytothemuseumbyacollector.C[细节理解题。根据TheStarryNight部分的内容可知，1941年，当纽约现代艺术博物馆从私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，这幅画并不出名，后来才成为文森特·梵高最著名的作品之一。故选C。]3．Whocreatedthepaintingdescribingtheharvestseason?A．PieterBruegeltheElder.B．VincentvanGogh.C．JanvanEyck.D．PabloPicasso.A[细节理解题。根据TheHarvesters部分中的“Itdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccursinthelatesummer.”可知，由PieterBruegeltheElder创作的TheHarvesters描绘了收获的季节。故选A。]BJohnConstablewasborninSuffolk，England，on11June，1776.Hisfamilyhopedthathewouldjoinhisfather'sbusiness，butheshowedgreatinterestinartwhenhewasveryyoung.Finally，hisfamilyallowedhimtoentertheRoyalAcademySchool，averyfamousartcollegeinEngland，attheageoftwenty­two.AttheRoyalAcademy，hewasagoodstudent，spendingallhissparetimedrawingandreading.Heshowedhisfirstpaintingin1802.Constablebelievedthegreatestartcamefromusingtheinspiration(灵感)ofnature，ratherthanusingvarioustechniquesandimaginationonart.Inhislifetime，Constableneverhadmuchmoney.Hisfameonlygrewafterhisdeath.Hewasunabletoearnalivingfromthepaintings.Tosupporthisfamily，Constableoftendrewportraits(肖像)ofothers.Butitwassomethingheneverreallyenjoyed.HewasattractedbythebeautyoftheBritishcountryside.HesoldmorepaintingsinFrancethaninhishomecountry，England，atfirst.Butwhengiventhechancetotraveltosellhispaintingsabroad，hesaidhewouldrather“beapoormaninEnglandthanarichmanabroad”．Constablediedin1837.Duringhislifetimehegotlittlepraiseinhishomecountryforpaintingcountrysidescenery.YetheisnowconsideredtobeoneofthegreatestBritishartists.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国最伟大的艺术家之一JohnConstable的主要人生经历。4．JohnConstablestudiedpaintingbecause________．A．hewasinterestedinitB．hisparentshopedhewouldstudyitC．hewantedtomakemoremoneyD．helikedtheRoyalAcademySchoolA[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Hisfamilyhopedthathewouldjoinhisfather'sbusiness，butheshowedgreatinterestinartwhenhewasveryyoung.”可知，他的家人希望他能加入父亲的事业，但他很小的时候就对艺术表现出极大的兴趣。因此JohnConstable学习绘画是因为他对绘画感兴趣。故选A。]5．AttheRoyalAcademy，JohnConstable________．A．wasn'tagoodstudentB．didn'tgetonwellwithhisclassmatesC．wasveryhard­workingD．becameveryfamousC[推理判断题。根据第二段“AttheRoyalAcademy，hewasagoodstudent，spendingallhissparetimedrawingandreading.”可知，在皇家学院，他是个好学生，把业余时间都花在绘画和阅读上。因此在皇家学院，JohnConstable是非常努力的。故选C。]6．WhatdoweknowaboutJohnConstable?A．Hethoughttechniquewasthemostimportantinartpainting.B．HispaintingssoldbetterinFrancethaninEnglandatfirst.C．Hewasinterestedindrawingportraits.D．Hebecameveryrichbypainting.B[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“HesoldmorepaintingsinFrancethaninhishomecountry，England，atfirst.”可知，起初他在法国卖的画比他在英国卖的多。因此他的画一开始在法国比在英国卖得好。故选B。]7．Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedpart?A．JohnConstablewaswillingtotraveltoFrance.B．JohnConstablewastiredofbeingpoor.C．JohnConstabledidn'twanttosellhispaintings.D．JohnConstablelovedhiscountryverymuch.D[推理判断题。根据第五段“HesoldmorepaintingsinFrancethaninhishomecountry，England，atfirst.Butwhengiventhechancetotraveltosellhispaintingsabroad，hesaidhewouldrather‘beapoormaninEnglandthanarichmanabroad’．”可知，他在法国卖的画比在自己的祖国英国卖的多。但当他有机会去国外卖画时，他说他宁愿在英国当穷人，也不愿在国外当富人，由此我们看出JohnConstable非常热爱他的国家。故选D。]Ⅲ.阅读七选五Artgalleriesareplacesinwhichartistscandisplayalltypesofworksofart，includingpaintings，drawings，photographs，sculptures，etc.1Atthesametime，however，eachartworkmustbeprotectedfromexposuretotoomuchlightsincethatcancauseworkstofadeandthereforegetruined.2Themostcommonformoflightingusedtolightuptheartworkisindoorspotlightsontracksattachedtotheceilingnearwheretheworkisbeingdisplayed.3Itenablesthelightstobemovedmoreeasilywhenthelightpatternsrequireadjusting.Recessed(嵌入墙壁凹处的)lightsinwallsandceilingscanbeusefulsolongastheyarenotfixedinplacesotheycanbeeasilymovedtocreateideallightpatterns.Mostartgallerydirectorsstatethatacombinationoftracklightingandrecessedlightequipmentisidealbecausethetracklightingfocusesdirectlyontheartworkwhiletherecessedlightsareusedonthenearbywallstoprovideasurroundinglightsource.4Howtoanglethelightsdependsupontheheightoftheceilingandthesizeoftheartwork.Cautionmustbeexercisedtoavoidcreatingtoomanyareaswithsha，thelightsshouldnotbebarebulbsburningdirectlyabovetheartworkbutshouldbemadeinsomewaytomakethelightingsofter.Accordingtoexperts，lowvoltage(电压)bulbsarethebestwhenlightingtheartwork.5Thustheartworkshouldbeplacedinaroomwheresunlightcan'tdirectlyhitit.A．Itcanmakethedisplaysattractive.B．Usingtracklightingisbeneficial.C．Lightplaysakeyroleinartgalleries.D．Thislightsourcecanbetterimprovethemoodsurroundingthework.E．Tobetterimprove