广东省五校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷（含答案）

广东省五校2023-2024学年高二上学期12月联考英语科试题（满分120分。考试时间120分钟。）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATolivemoresustainably(可持续地)andprotectourplanetfornowandthefuture,weneedtoinspireeveryonetoreuse,reduce,andrecycle.Luckily,humanbrainsareincrediblycreative,whichiswhy,alongsidetheLEGOGroup,we’reaskingyoutodesignabrilliantinventionthatgivesoldobjectsanewpurpose.Youcoulddoitathomeoraskyourteacherifyourclasscouldgetinvolved.TheLEGOBuildtheChangeprogrammeencouragesyoungpeopletocomeupwithcreativesolutionstoreal-worldchallengesandinspirepoliticians,scientistsandengineerstomakerealchanges.Thebuildersoftomorrowareencouragedtocomeupwithfunandcleverwaystoprotectourenvironment.THECHALLENGEDesignaninventionthatrepurposesoldobjects.DrawyourinventiononasheetofA4paperandgiveitaname.Trytomakeitasclearaspossiblewhatyourinventionisforandhowitworks.Thejudgesarelookingforcreativeandbrightideaswithagreatnameandaclearexplanationofwhatitdoes.HowtoEnterAskanadulttotakeaphotoofyourdrawinganduploadittoco.uk/legocomp.Pleaseonlysendinoneentryperperson.Welookforwardtoseeingyourdesign.WINGREATPRIZESAlloftheentrieswillbelookedatbyourpanelofjudges(裁判组),whowillchoosethreewinners—oneoverallwinnerandtworunners-up.Thewinnerswillreceive...◆Thefirstplacewinner:AcompleteLEGOBuildtheChangeClassroomKitforyourschoolplustheLEGOClassicBuildTogetherset.◆2runners-up:ALEGOClassicLotsofBricksseteach.So,grabapen,apencil,yourLEGObricksorothercreativecraftmaterialsanddesignyourcutting-edgeinvention.Whetheritisplayfulorserious,we’dliketoseeapictureoramodel,withanexplanationofhowitworksandhowitcouldchangetheworld.1.WhatisthepurposeoftheLEGOBuildtheChangeprogramme?A.Toencouragerecyclingandreusing. B.ToprovideLEGOsetsforschools.C.Toteachyouthsabouttherealworld. D.ToinventnewpopularLEGOsets.2.WhatwilltheoverallwinneroftheBuildtheChangecontestreceive?A.Apictureoftheirinvention. B.Certificateofparticipation.C.LEGOClassicLotsofBricksset. D.ClassroomKit&BuildTogetherset.3.Whatistheprimaryrequirementforparticipatinginthecontest?A.Sendingmultipleentriesatatime. B.UsingonlyLEGObrickstodesign.C.Askingateachertosubmitanentry. D.Designinginventionsoncertainpaper.BPushpahatestearsbutwhenshetellsofincidentsfromherchildhood,whichshespentbattlingpoverty,shecan’thelpfeelingoverwhelmed.“Weusedtobeabletoaffordonlyonemealeveryday,”shesays.Butaschallengingasthoseearlyyearswere,theywouldleadtoherremarkablelifeasascribe(抄写员)forpeoplewithspecialneeds. Pushparemembersenjoyingablessedlynormalchildhood,pepperedwith“toys,dinnersoutandmoviesatthetheatre”,untilaroundgrade4.Butlifeassheknewitdisappearedwhenanaccidentleftherfatherdisabled.“Mymother,whowasn’twell-educated,hadtoworkfor₹500permonth.”Butwhathitherhardestwasherstruggletocontinuehereducation.Thememoryofhergrade7teacherrefusingtoallowhertoattendclassesoverunpaidschoolfeesstillhurts.Onedayin2007,whiletravellingwithtwovisuallyimpaired(有缺陷的)collegestudentsbybus,sheheardthemtalkabouthowdifficultitwasforthemtocontinuetheireducation.“IrememberedmyownstruggletofinishmystudiessoIseizedtheopportunitytohelpthem.”“IwasalittlenervousatfirstbecauseIhadpassedmygrade10examinationonlywithathirdclass,”shesmiles.“Sincethen,I’vewrittenexamsforstudentswhohavelowIQ,orareblindorvisuallyimpaired,orhavemetwithanaccident.”Itis,bynomeans,aneasytask.“Ireadoutthequestionsslowlyand,sometimes,severaltimes,andwaitforthestudenttotellmetheanswer.Ihaveseenscribesgettingirritated(愤怒的)atstudentsandthatshouldnothappen.”sheexplains.Overthelast16years,theyounggirlwhooncesurvivedonhandoutshascomealongway.Connectingwithexamineesbywordofmouth,tilldate,Pushpahaswritten1,086examsforspecial-needstest-takersandwontheNariShaktiPuraskarin2018forherefforts.“Youshouldbepreparedtohelpthestudentforthosefewhours,withoutexpectinganythinginreturn.”Pushpaadds.WhatdoweknowaboutPushpaaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Herambitiontoservepeople. B.Herearlyfightagainstpoverty.C.Herinabilitytocontrolemotions. D.Hergratitudetothepasthardships.5.WhatwastheprobablereasonforPushpatostartherworkasascribe?A.Shewassympatheticforothers. B.Sheexpectedtoshoottofame.C.Shewasprofessionalinthejob. D.Shewaseagerformuchmoney.6.WhatqualityshouldascribehaveinPushpa’seyes?A.Intelligence. B.Respect. C.Patience. D.Cooperation.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHelpingHand B.AHardship-filledLifeC.AnOld-fashionedJob D.ADevotedPrizeWinnerCResearchersbelievetheyhaveaccuratelyestimatedAntarctica’sWeddellsealpopulationforthefirsttime—usingimagesfromspaceandtheeyesofcitizenscientists.Previousestimatesoftheirpopulationwere“moreback-of-the-envelopetypecalculations”,saidDr.MichelleLaRue,aprofessorofNewZealand’sUniversityofCanterbury.“Thepreviousresearchwasdonebytraditionalsurveyors,butyoucan’tphysicallygettotheentireAntarcticcontinentallatonetime,”shesaid.Theresultswere“inaccurate”,soin2016LaRuecreatedthefirstestimateoftheseals’baselinepopulation,usingsatelliteimageryandthekeeneyesof330,000curiousvolunteers.“Wecombinedtheimagerywithawebplatformtoconductacitizensciencecampaigntofindoutwheresealsarepresent,theirabundance,andtheenvironmentalfactorsthatinfluencetheirhabitatpreferences,”LaRuesaid.Theydiscoveredthat,atthetimethesatelliteimagesweretakenin2021,theglobalpopulationwasactuallyjust40%ofthe800,000animalspreviouslyestimated.Thestudy,publishedinlate2021,estimatedthattherewereabout202,000sub-adultandadultfemaleWeddellsealsinAntarctica.Malesealsweregenerallynotcapturedinthesatelliteimagesbecausetheyweretypicallyundertheice,guardingtheirterritories,LaRueadded.ThestudyalsofoundthatWeddellsealslivedonabout1%oftheiceandwerepickyaboutwheretheysettled.Theprojectreliedheavilyonvolunteerstosearchthesatelliteimagesforsignsofseals.ParticipantsweregivenimagesofanareainAntarcticatoscourandaskedtotickaboxsayingiftheybelievedtheycouldseeasealornot.Themorepeopletoclickyes,themoreefficientthenarrowingdownofhabitatsbecame.“Themethodisnowbeingemployedbyotherscientiststohelpdeterminethepopulationofwalrus(海象)intheArctic,”LaRuesaid,“Lookingatbroaderecosystemsandtherelationshipsbetweenanimalsandtheirenvironmentwasimportantinthelongrun,buttodothat,itwashelpfultohavepopulationguidesforsinglespecies.”Oncescientistshavethatinformation,they“canstartaddingitalltogetherandputtingtogetherthepuzzlealittlebitbetter”.8.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Limitationofpreviousstudies. B.Significanceofpreviousestimates.C.InspirationforLaRue’sresearch. D.DifficultyinexploringtheAntarctica.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scour”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Record. B.Appreciate. C.Examine. D.Post.10.WalrusarementionedinParagraph6topresent_________________.A.asuggestionforfollow-upstudies. B.supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.C.anapplicationoftheresearchmethod. D.furtherexplanationsoftheresearchmethods.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallformoreresearchoncountingseals. B.Tointroduceabreakthroughinsealresearch.C.ToappealtopeopletoprotectWeddellseals. D.Todiscusstheinvolvementofcitizenscientists. DTheschoolhallwaybetweenclassesmayseemdisordered.Butthere’slikelymoreorderinthecrowdthanyouthink.Inaheavycrowdwithpeoplegoinginoppositedirections,there’softenapattern.Peopletendtosortthemselvesintolanes(队伍)thatrunparalleltoeachother.Ifaspaceiswideenough,twogroupsofpeoplepassingeachotherhead-onwillformmultiplelanes.Eachlanewillbeaboutthewidthoftwopeople.Iftwogroupscrosspathsatrightangles,theystillformlanes.Buttheselanesbehavedifferently.Eachpersonstaysintheirlane,butthelaneshiftstothesideasthegroupscross.Attemptstodirectthecrowdmaynothelp,anditwillmessupthisnaturalflow.Thisslowseverybodydown.TimRogersandKarolBacikreportedtheseresultsinajournal.Theybeganworkingoncrowdsduringthepandemic.Theywereworkingtodesignspaceswherepeoplecouldstaysociallydistancedtopreventviralspread.Decadesago,DirkHelbing,aphysicistinSwitzerland,createdamathematicalmodelthatdescribesthedirectionawalkerplanstogo.RogersandBacikaddedfactorsrelatedtocrowdpatternstoHelbing’ssoftware.Theresultingmodeldescribeslaneformationasaresultoftwoprocesses.Thefirstprocessisdrift.Assoonasalineofpeoplestartstoformheadedoneway,othersgoingthesamewayaredrawntoit.Thisencourageslaneformation.Thesecondoneisdiffusion(扩散)whichcausespeopletospreadoutfromacrowdedspace.Inacrowd,theendresultislanesabouttwopeoplewide—justbigenoughtoresistdiffusion.Themodel’spredictionsstoodthetestofarealcrowd.Theresearchersfilmedagroupof70peoplewalkingthroughanopenspace.Peopleconsistentlyorderedthemselvesintolanesasexpected,whilepastworkhasshownthatcrashandotherproblemsaremorecommonwheremoreroutesintersect(交叉).Publicspacescanbedesignedtohelppreventsuchdisasters.Thetakeaway:Whenpeoplearetravelingtwoways,trustthewisdomofcrowds.Whenthere’sathree-wayorfour-wayintersection,watchout.12.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofattemptingtodirectthecrowd.B.Thedifferentbehaviourhabitsofhumanbeings.C.Theautomaticformationofapatterninacrowd.D.Thepossiblecauseofmessintheschoolhallway.13.WhatdoweknowaboutRogersandBacik’sresearch?A.Itlacksaclearconclusion. B.Itisaimedatdetectingviruses.C.Itiscompletedbyobservation. D.Itisbasedonpreviousresearch.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthetwoprocesses?A.Diffusioncausesincreaseofcrowddensity.B.Lanesmaynotbeerasedwhenwideenough.C.Followingothersoccursinoppositedirections.D.Movingontherightcontributestolaneformation.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Themodel’spredictionsfailedtobeprovenbytherealsituation.B.Thenaturalflowofcrowdscanspeedupifdirectedintentionally.C.Thewidthoflanesinacrowdedspaceisdeterminedbydiffusion.D.Publicspaceswithmultipleintersectingroutesaremoredangerous.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ifyou’veeverbeeninacheerfulmood,thenmetupwithabad-temperedfriend,you’llknowhowinfectiousemotionscanbe.Beforeyouknowit,yourealizethatyou’refeelingdowntoo.16.Whenyou’vebeensad,perhapsyourfriend’slivelinesshashelpedtolightenyourmood.Youmightwonderwhowinsout—ifyou’refeelinghappyandyourfriendisfeelingsad,doyouyieldtotheirsadnessordotheycatchyourhappiness?Partoftheanswerislikelydependingontheirandyourlevelsofexpressivenessandreceptiveness.17.Ifyousmilealotwhenyou’rehappy,you’remorelikelytoinfectyourfriend.Likewise,ifyourfriendisimpressionableandmoreprone(有做...倾向的)tocopyingfacialexpressions,thenthey’llbemorelikelytocatchyoursmilesandstartfeelinghappier. 18.Forinstance,there’sevidencethatfearhasasmell,andthatsmellingthesweatofananxiouspersoncaninitiateactivityinpartsofthebraininvolvedinempathy(共情)andprocessingemotions.Infact,theredoesn’tneedtobeanyphysicalcontactatall.Researchershaveshownthatemotionscanspreadthroughsocialmedia.19.Ifandwhenyouencounteranoppositeemotiontoyourown,theexperiencewilllikelyvarydependingonhowinvestedyouareinthatotherpersonorpeople.20.Andifyou’refeelingsadandabunchofstrangerssurroundingyouwerelaughingtheirheadsoff,you’relikelytofinditreallyannoying.A.Happily,itcanworktheotherwayaroundtoo.B.Thisisespeciallytruewhenwe’reinteractingwithsomeonewecareabout.C.Everyonevariesinhowemotionallyexpressiveandimpressionabletheyare.D.Thatisn’ttosaythatfacialexpressionsaretheonlywayforemotionstospread.E.Theseprocesseshavetodowitheffectivecommunicationandmutualunderstanding.F.Ifyoucareaboutthem,you’llbemoremotivatedtoshiftemotionallytomatchtheirstate.G.Peopleexposedtomorenegativepostsaremorelikelytopostsomethingnegativethemselves.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Yoriko,asheepsheadfish(kobudaiinJapanese),firstmetArakawanearly30yearsago.Arakawastarted21attheageof18.Now79,hestillloveshisstaysinthedeepwater.His22friendshipwithYorikoiscertainlyoneofthehighlights.“I’dsaywe23eachother,”Arakawasaidinaninterview,“notthatwetalktoeachother…Ikissedheronce.I’mtheonlypersonshe’lllet24it.”Overtime,thefishwithanalmost25face—“Whenlookingclose,you’llthinkshelookslikesomeoneyou26,”Arakawajokes—andherhumancompanionbecameunderwaterbestfriendsforever.OnonedivewhenArakawawasvisiting,henoticedYoriko’s27hadbeenbadlyinjured.Evenso,shecametogreethim.Realizingshe’dbe28tocatchherownfood,Arakawahand-fedYorikomeatfromcrabs(蟹)hehammeredopenforher.29,Yorikobouncedbackfromherinjuriesquickly.Afterher30,theconnectionbetweenthepairseemedtogrowevenstronger.“I’mnotsureifit’sthe31ofthekobudaiornot.It’sprobablybecausethereisasenseof32betweenus.IguesssheknowsthatI33her.Soformetobeabletodothat,Iam34,”Arakawasaid.“Ihaveanamazingsenseofachievement.”Itsuresoundslikethisisonehumanwho’sbeentrulycaughtinanetof35—andwe’llbetYorikohasnoplanstotoss(扔)himback,either.A.fishing B.training C.diving D.swimmingA.fast-developing B.longstanding C.open D.regularA.understand B.miss C.please D.supportA.enjoy B.do C.make D.changeA.human-looking B.good-looking C.strange-looking D.natural-lookingA.admire B.fear C.perceive D.knowA.mouth B.back C.tail D.headA.eager B.happy C.unwilling D.unableA.Initially B.Thankfully C.Unexpectedly D.BasicallyA.return B.recovery C.growth D.arrivalA.preference B.gift C.nature D.habitA.trust B.security C.responsibility D.funA.cheated B.caught C.freed D.savedA.unashamed B.grateful C.proud D.regretfulA.peace B.hope C.love D.joy第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Coldtemperatures,bitingwind,heavysnowandslipperyroadsarethecommonchallengesthattroubleoreveninterruptwintercommutes(通勤).However,forstudentsandteachersatacollegeinNortheastChina,36havebeenseverelyaffectedbytherecentcoldwaveandsnowstorm,theircommutehasbeenmadeeasy,warmandsafethankstothenewly37(build)skywalksoncampus.InclearcontrasttoothercollegesinNortheastChina,studentsatHarbinInstituteofTechnologyhaveexperiencedan38(entire)differentscene.Theycomfortablymovebetweenclassrooms,libraries,cafeterias,dormitories,andthegyminshortsleeves(袖子)throughtheskywalks,allwithin39five-minutewalk.Somestudentshaveevenbeenspotted40(enjoy)icecreamwhileadmiringthesnowysceneryalongthepathways.Praiseand41(admire)havepouredinfortheusefulnessoftheskybridgesandthethoughtfulnessofthecollege.Theuniversity42(launch)theconstructionoftheskybridgesoncampusin2022,aimingtoeffectivelyalleviatetheimpactofextremeweatheroncampuslife43increaseconvenienceforbothteachersandstudents.Withatotallengthof1,330.13meters,theskybridgesarebuiltinthreestages.OnNov7,thesecondstageofthewalkwaysystemwasfullyoperationalandopen44trialuse.Currently,881.81metersofskywalksare45(access).第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华,即将结束在新加坡姊妹学校为期三个月的交换生交流活动。请你拟一份发言稿，在活动的总结会上发言。内容包括：1.表示感谢； 2.回顾与分享； 3.临别祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfriends,goodafternoon.IamLiHua.第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ChasingaDreamIwillneverforgetthatNovemberday.Itwashotterthannormal—toohot.Mythroatfeltlikeafieldofcotton,crackedwiththesummerheat,asIwaitedfortheguntofire.Thiswasthedaywehadwaitedsolongfor.Ilookedoutatthecrowd;dozensoffamiliarfacesflashedacrossmyview.Theyhadcomeforme.Theywerecountingonme.Isawmydadsethiswatch,withworryandexcitementonhisface.Adrenaline(肾上腺素)pumpedthroughmybody,andtheracebegan.Forthefirsttwoandahalfmiles,Ifeltgreat.Ihadneverbeforebeensoreadyforsomething.Theweeksleadinguptotheracewerefilledwithstrictlycontrolledpracticesandastrictdiet.Myfriendshadn’tseenmeinweeks,buttheyunderstoodthesacrificerequiredtomakemydreamareality.MydadandIhadbeenworkingtowardsthisraceforthreeyears.Itwaseverythingtome,anditwaseverythingtomydad.Hewasarunnerandwasexcitedbymysuccessinrunning.Hemadeittoeveryrace,evenflyinghomeearlyfrombusinesstripstoseemerun.Ialwayslistenedforhisvoice—tellingmetorelaxmyarms,callingoutmytime.Hepushedme.Hecheeredforme.Hebelievedinme.Wespentcountlesshoursonthesandycanals.Breathinginthedustofthedesert,theblossoms(花簇)oftheorangetrees,wemadeourwayacrossthecity.Wepoundedmilesandmilesintoourrunningshoes,markingwitheverystepthepathtogreatness.Butwithoutwarning,whenIwas200yardsawayfromthefinishline,mylegsstoppedworking.Mylungsfoughttotakeinenoughair,andmyfeettransformedintocement(水泥)bricks.Istilldon’tknowwhathappenedinthoselastfewmoments.NothingIcoulddowouldmakethemholdmyweight.Theywereasweakasjelly.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右:2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。EventhoughIknewmydreamsofvictoryweredestroyed,Ihadtofinishtherace.“I’msosorryIdisappointedyou,”IwhisperedtoDad.广东省五校2023-2024学年高二上学期12月联考英语科试题答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）1-3ADD4-7BACA8-11ACCB12-15CDBD第二节(共5小题；题每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)16-20ACDGF第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)21-25CBABA26-30DADBB31-35CADCC第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)36.who37.built38.entirely39.a40.enjoying41.admiration42.launched43.and44.for45.a