兴山县2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺试题含解析

兴山县2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AneveninginOctober,IlandedinKuching,thecapitalcityofSarawakinMalaysia.Iwasan18-year-oldDubai-raisedkidawayfromhomeforthefirsttimetostartmyundergraduatestudies.Ihadnevertravelledalonebefore.Ipushedmy1andheadedtotheairport2tofindagreycarwiththenameofmyuniversityonit.Aswelefttheairport,the3begantalkingtome.AsIamadriving4myself,westartedtalkingaboutcarsanddriving.“NevermakeaSarawakian5,”hewarned.“Noroadrage(路怒).Verydangerous!”Notlongintoour6,thedriverofthecarbehindflashedhislightsatus.Thisbecamemoreaggressivelythenandmydriverstartedto7.Wepulledovertotheroadside.MyheartwaspoundingbutItriedtoputona(n)8faceasthemanfromthecarcameupandmadehiswaytomysideofthecar.Ashereachedmywindow,I9itdownandtriedto10asmile.Ilookeddownathishandstoseethathewas11mytravelbag.It12mypassport,returntickets,aswellascashandlettersfromtheuniversity.Ihadleftitbehindonthetrolleyatthe13andthismanhadbeentryingto14ittomeeversincewehadlefttheairport.Breathingahugesighof15,Itookmybagandshowed16tothisstranger.ThemanwelcomedmetoKuching,wishedmeluckwithmyuniversitystudiesanddroveaway.Thisactofkindness17cheeredmeupandthankstothishonest18,theinitialself-doubtIhadaboutmydecisionto19sofarawayfromhome20withhopeandexcitement.1、A．presents B．baggage C．books D．bike2、A．entrance B．building C．exit D．hotel3、A．driver B．teacher C．tourist D．classmate4、A．expert B．athlete C．enthusiast D．coach5、A．nervous B．curious C．angry D．excited6、A．journey B．category C．adventure D．practice7、A．shout B．cry C．laugh D．panic8、A．serious B．brave C．honest D．kind9、A．rolled B．broke C．closed D．knocked10、A．draw B．hide C．imagine D．force11、A．unfastening B．holding C．searching D．emptying12、A．protected B．displayed C．collected D．contained13、A．airport B．station C．supermarket D．harbor14、A．pass B．deliver C．offer D．return15、A．doubt B．regret C．relief D．sadness16、A．appreciation B．satisfaction C．praise D．excitement17、A．regularly B．normally C．immediately D．occasionally18、A．stranger B．student C．policeman D．attendant19、A．live B．work C．play D．study20、A．filled B．replaced C．covered D．crowdedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Oursolarsystemmightbecrazierthanweoncethought.ScientistssaythatdeepwithinUranus（天王星）andNeptune（海王星）itrainsdiamonds．OnEarth.diamondsformunderextremeheatandpressure.TheinsideofUranusandNeptunealsohashightemperaturesandpressures.What'smore,theblueplanetsarelargelymadeupoficywaterandgasessuchasmethane(甲烷).Soscientistshavelongbelievedthatdeepinsidethetwoplanets,theheatandpressurethemethaneintohydrogen(氢)andcarbon(碳)Thendiamondrainwouldform,fallingtowardthecenteroftheplanets.Butnoonecouldprovethatthiswouldreallywork-untilnow.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureAstronomy,scientistssaytheywereabletocreatethiskindof"diamondrain"inalab,reportedTheGuardian.Scientistsusedhigh-poweredlaserstocreatepairsofshockwavesthroughakindofplastic.Theplasticismadefromhydrogenandcarbon,muchlikemethane.Theshockwavescreatedhighpressureandheat,likethatinsideUranusandNeptune."Theexperimentaltimeisveryshort,DominikKraus,leadauthorofthestudy,toldTheGuardian."Thatwesawthisveryclearsignatureofdiamondswasactuallyvery,verysurprising”.Thediamondscreatedinthelabweretiny,onlyafewnanometers(纳米)wide.ScientistsbelievethatdiamondswouldbemuchlargerwithinNeptuneandUranus.Thentheymightslowlysinktowardtheplanetscenterbecauseofgravity.1、Whatfactorisneededtoformdiamonds?A．ExtremeheatandpressureB．HydrogenandcarbonC．lcywaterandgasesD．High-poweredlasers2、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthelastparagraph?A．UnsuccessfulB．SmallC．RealD．Natural3、Howdidscientistsprovethetheoryofformingdiamond?A．BygivingexamplesB．BystatingargumentC．ByexplainingstatisticaldataD．Bydoingexperiments4、Whatcanbereferredfromthetext?A．Therearemanyhigh-poweredlasersinNeptuneandUranusB．DeepinsideNeptuneandUranuscouldbefullofdiamondsC．TheshockwavesinsideNeptuneandUranuscratehighpressureandheat.D．ScientistslongbelievethattherearediamondsinsideNeptuneandUranusText2Foodisextremelyimportanttoushumanbeingsandriceisoneofthemainfoodintheworld.Australianresearchershavediscoveredawaytogeneticallyengineerricewhichwouldprovidesignificanthealthbenefitstomorethanhalftheworld’spopulation.AstudyundertakenattheUniversityofTasmania,publishedinarespectedjournaloftheNationalAcademyofSciences,discoveredamethodtoincreasetheresistantstarch(抗性淀粉）contentinrice,makingitmoredigestibleandleadingtolowerrateofdiabetes(糖尿病）andoverweight.StevenSmith,theleadauthorofthestudyandaforeignexpertfortheChinesegovernmentwhohasbeenappointedtoworkoncropimprovementprojectsbytheChineseAcademyofSciences,saidincreasingthehigherresistantstarchcontentgavethis“designer”ricemanyaddedhealthbenefits.“Wehavediscoveredthatwecanincreasetheamountofresistantstarchincookedrice,whichcouldprovidehealthbenefitsforalargenumberofpeopleinAsiaandbeyond,”SmithsaidinamediareleaseonFriday.“Thesameapproachcanbeadaptedforuseinothercereals,includingwheat.Notonlycanithavebenefitsfordiabetesandobesity,butalsofordisordersofthebowel(肠）includingcancer.”Riceisthemainfoodformorethanhalftheworld’spopulation,providingmuchoftheworldwithmostoftheircalories.SmithsaidthatastherateofdiabetesandobesityinAsiancountriescontinuedtogrow,his“designer”ricecouldprovideawaytolimithealthproblems.“Notonlydoesresistantstarchreducethepossibilityofa‘sugarhit’butitalsoreducestheappetiteandpromotesthegrowthofthehealthygerms.”Smithsaid.SmithdivideshistimebetweentheUniversityofTasmaniaandhisresearchlabinBeijingwherehehopestomakesignificantadvanceinsustainable(可持续的）living.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A．ItispartofChinesecropimprovementprojects.B．Itwillhaveasignificanteffectoncropresearches.C．Itwasjointly（联合地）carriedoutbyAustraliaandChina.D．Ithelpssolvethefoodproblemforoverhalfoftheworld’spopulation.2、Basedonthetext,theresistantstarch________.A．existsinlargeamountsincookedriceB．decreasesthepossibilityofa“sugarhit”andprovidesmorecaloriesC．ishelpfulindigestionandlowerstherateofoverweightanddiabetesD．increasespeople’sappetiteandimprovesthegrowthofhealthygerms3、Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3refersto_________.A．resistantstarchB．cookedriceC．theapproachD．mediarelease4、Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Anenvironmentalreport.B．Amedicaljournal.C．Anengineeringtextbook.D．Anagriculturalmagazine.Text3Inventor!Canyoupatentandprofitfromyouridea?Wehavebeenassistinginventorssince1975.Fullrangeofpatentingandmarketingservices.ConfidentialityguaranteedAmericanInventorsCorp.Callforfreeinformation:1-800-338-5656orvisitInventor!Canyoupatentandprofitfromyouridea?Wehavebeenassistinginventorssince1975.Fullrangeofpatentingandmarketingservices.ConfidentialityguaranteedAmericanInventorsCorp.Callforfreeinformation:1-800-338-5656orvisit*Parents*Canyouaffordtoraiseyourhearingimpairedchildwithouttheinsightsthishighly-valuedbookhastooffer?Makelifeeasierforyouandyourchild!BradfordPublicationsForinformation:1-800-354-2760orvisitEarnupto＄25,000ayearasaMedicalTranscriptionist!Noexperienceisneeded.Workthehoursyouchoose.Trainathomeinyoursparetime.Themedicalprofessionneedsskilledtranscriptionists.Soifyoucantype,orarewillingtolearn,wecantrainyoutoworkathomedoingmedicaltranscriptionsfromtapesdictatedbydoctors.Getfreeinformation!At-HomeProfessionCorp.CallTollFree1-800-475-0100orvisitwww.athome.comGlobeInsuranceCompanySince1951,Globehasgrowninfinancialstrengthandreputation.Withover2.8millionpoliciesinforce.Globeiscommittedtoprovidingaffordablelife,healthandaccidentinsurancefortheentirefamily.Itonlycosts＄1tostartyourLongLifecoverage.GlobeInsuranceCompanyCallTollFree,SevenDaysAWeek,24-hoursADay.1-800-358-1945orvisitGlobeInsuranceCompanySince1951,Globehasgrowninfinancialstrengthandreputation.Withover2.8millionpoliciesinforce.Globeiscommittedtoprovidingaffordablelife,healthandaccidentinsurancefortheentirefamily.Itonlycosts＄1tostartyourLongLifecoverage.GlobeInsuranceCompanyCallTollFree,SevenDaysAWeek,24-hoursADay.1-800-358-1945orvisit581、Thebesttitleofthe3rdadvertisementwouldbe.A．TrainingatHome B．LearningatHomeC．RecordingWork D．WorkingatHome1、Accordingtotheinformationabove,ifyourchildhashearingproblems,youcanturnto________.A．At-HomeProfessionCorp. B．GlobeInsuranceCompanyC．BradfordPublications D．AmericanInventorsCorp.2、Fromtheadvertisementsabove,wecanlearnthat.A．GlobeInsuranceCompanyhasahistoryof51yearsB．asamedicaltranscriptionist,youmayearn＄25,000amonthC．BradfordPublicationsoffersatreatmenttohearingimpairedparentsD．youcanvisitwhenyouinventanewmodelofhearingaidText42017TFKPoetryContestCallingallpoets!TIMEForKidshasachallengeforyou:Writeafunny,rhymingpoem.Itmustbeanoriginalpoemthatdoesnotcopyanotherpoet’swork.EnteritintheTIMEForKidsPoetryContest.Asfewerandfewerchildrenareinterestedinwritingpoetryoftheirown,TIMEForKidsdecidestoorganizeandsponsorsuchacontesttochangethesituation.ContestRules1.Howtoenter:Thiscontestbegins12:01amonMarch6,2014andends11:59pmonJuly24,2014.Toenter,mailthefollowinginformationto1271AvenueoftheAmericas,32ndFloor,NewYork,NewYork10020:(a)anoriginalandpreviouslyunpublishedpoemthatishumorousandhasarhyme

scheme(韵律);(b)

Entrant’sfirstnameonlyandaparent’smailaddress.Limitoneentryperperson.Byentering,Entrantpromisesthattheentry(1)isoriginal,(2)hasnotbeenpublishedinanymediumand(3)hasnotwonanaward.2.Judging:AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:creativityandoriginality(50％),useoflanguageandrhyme(25％)andappropriatenesstothethemeofthecontest(25％).Thelengthoftheentrywillnotbetakenintoconsideration.3.Prizes:Ourjudgewillselectfoursemifinalists(半决赛选手)fromwhichonegrand-prizewinnerandthreefinalistswillbechosen.Theonegrand-prizewinnerwillreceiveanonlineclassvisitfromChildren’sPoetKennNesbittandasignedcopyofhisnewestbookofpoetry,

TheArmpit

ofDoom:FunnyPoemsforKids,approximatelyvalue:$275.ThethreefinalistswilleachgetasignedcopyofNesbitt’snewestbookofpoetry,TheArmpitofDoom:

FunnyPoemsforKids,andboththeirpoemsandthatofthegrand-prizewinnerwillbepublishedat

.4.Eligibility(参赛资格):Opentolegalcitizensofthe50UnitedStatesandtheDistrictofColumbiawhoareprimaryschoolstudentsandare8to13yearsoldattimeofentry.5.Winner’slist:Fornamesofthewinnerandfinalists,visit

(afterAugust1,2017,availableforaperiodof10days).1、Thepurposeofthecontestisto__________.A．encouragechildrentolearnfromotherpoetsB．helpchildrenrealizethedreamofpoetrywritingC．encouragechildren’sinterestinpoetrywritingD．encouragechildrentoreadmoreoriginalpoems2、Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsofapoemisvaluedmostinjudging?A．BeingcreativeandoriginalB．UsingapropernumberofwordsC．UsingproperlanguageandrhymeD．Beingappropriatetothecontesttheme3、Accordingtothecontestrules,____________.A．poemscanbesenttotheorganizersbye-mailB．allchildrenhavetherighttotakepartinthecontestC．thenumberofpoemstoenterthecontestisnotlimitedD．theresultofthecontestwillbeunknownbeforeAugust,2017PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Janefeltsweetinthedrive－throughlineatHeav'nlyDonutsJustthedaybefore,astrangeraheadofherinlinehad1．(generous)paidforhercoffee“Thegesturemadesuchabigdifferenceinmyday,”saysEileenShehadrecentlylostherjobasadoctor's2．(assist),andmoneywastightButEileen3．(inspire)topaythe$12billofthefamilyinthecarbehindhers4．shedidn'tknowwasthatherkindnesswouldsetoffachainreactionIntwoandahalfhours,fifty－fivedriverspaidfortheorderofthepersonbehind5．(they)．Thedoughnutshop'semployees6．(see)thisbeforeThisHeav'nlyDonuts,infact,isknownasaspecialplace,thecustomersof7．areconsideredasthe“bestintheworld”．But,evenso,theworkerswere8．(amaze)thattheshophadmorethandoubleditspreviousrecordbytheendofthedayNow9．(work)asachemist,JanevisitsHeav'nlyDonutseverySaturdaymorning,pickingupacoffeeandpayingfortheorderofthecustomerbehindher“Actually,IwishI10．(start)thisdeedmuchearlier”ShesaidAllthecustomerswhowenttothenewsupermarkethadonestrongwishtobetheluckycustomerwhodidnothavetopay1．hershopping,forthenoticeinsidetheentrance2．(say),“Remember,onceaweek,oneofourcustomersgetsfreegoodsThismaybeyourluckyday!”Forseveralweeks,MrsEdwardshopedtobeoneofthelucky3．(housewife)likemanyofherfriendsShenevergaveuphopeCupboardsinherkitchen4．(fill)withthingsthatshedidn’tneedatallShedreamedoftheday5．themanagerofthesupermarketwouldsaytoherwithasmile,“Madam,thisisyourluckydayEverythinginyourbasketisfree”OneFridayafternoon,aftershehadfinishedshoppingandhadtakenittohercar,shefoundthatshe6．(forget)tobuysomesugarSherushed7．tothesupermarket,gotthesugarandwenttowardsthecashdeskAsshedid8．,shesawthemanagerofthesupermarketcomeuptoherandsaid,“9．(congratulate)!Youarethe10．(lucky)amongallthecustomersthisweekandeverythinginyourbasketisfree!”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Anxietyandnervoustensionareapartoflivingintoday’sfast-paced,high-stresssociety.Stresscausedbynervescanleadtoheartdisease,highbloodpressure,depressionandstroke.Whiletherearenumerouschemicalsubstancesonthemarketmeanttodecreaseanxietythatmightrequireadoctor’sprescription,manypeoplechoosemorenaturaltherapies(疗法)tohelpcalmverves.MassageMassagehasbeenfoundtohelprelieveanxietyduetothereleaseoftensioninthemusclesandpainrelief.Accordingtothemayoclinic.com,massagemayinducethebodytoreleaseserotonin,whichisanaturalpainkillerandcanincreasefeelingsofwellness.1、Getamassagewhenyouarefeelingphysicallyormentallystressedinordertorelaxmusclesandreleasetension.YogaYogaisphysicalexercisethathelpsrelievestressbyencouragingdeepbreathingandstillness.2、Itisimportanttobreathethroughallofthemovesinyogaexercisesandkeepyourbodycalmandrelaxed.Meditation3、Meditationhelpsthemindtorelaxbybringingthefocusawayfromanyproblemsthatmightbeoccurring,focusingthemindonaspecificword,pictureorbreathing.Meditationposesareusuallyperformedwhileyouareseatedinacross-leggedpositiononacomfortablesurface,oryoucanliedown,butmustnotfallasleep.Themindstaysactiveduringmeditation,butiscalm.Aromatherapy4、Certainscents(香味)aresaidtogiveyouenergyandothershelpinduceastateofrelaxation.Choosescentsthatyoucanconnecttoahappytimeinyourlifetoinducefeelingsofpleasure.Forinstance,ifyouhadarosegardenasachild,rosescentsmighthelpyoutorelax.HerbsCertainherbshavepropertiesthatworktohelpinducerelaxationandcalmnerves.Kavaisavailableinbothsupplementandteaformandworkstodecreaseanxiety.Accordingtoexperts,youshouldtakenomorethan250mgdailytoreducestress.5、Theyarebesttakenbeforeafternoonornighttimerestandshouldnotbeconsumedwhenyouknowyouwillbedriving.A．Usemeditationtocalmthenerves.B．Usescentstohelpcalmyournerves.C．Stressvictimsaretobefoundineverywalkoflife.D．Don’teverassumeapanicattackisthecauseoftheproblem.E.Mostofherbscanbepurchasedindividuallyorinrelaxationteas.F.Whenperformingyoga,youshouldkeepyourmindstillandfreeofanyoutsideinterferencetoobtainbestresults.G.Studieshaveshownthatmassagecanassistinanxietyreduction,withdrawalsymptoms,andstressandanxietyrelief.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EmpathyLastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,theabilitytounderstandotherpeople,amongcollegestudentshaddroppedsharplyoverthepast10years.1、Today,peoplespendmoretimealoneandarelesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.JenniferFreed,aco-directorofateenprogram,hasanotherexplanation.TurnontheTV,andyou’reshoweredwithnewsandrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting,competing,andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnorespect.2、Therearegoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples.Humansaresociallyrelatedbynature.3、Researchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighself-respect.Besides,empathycanbeacureforloneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodleader.Infact,Freedsays,manytopcompaniesreportthatempathyisoneofthemostimportantthingstheyl