考研《英语一》昭通市昭阳区2023年全真模拟试题含解析

考研《英语一》昭通市昭阳区2023年全真模拟试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ihadnotseenmyparentsforalongtime.LastSaturdayIdrovealongwaytovisitthem,1neitherofthemwasathome.SoIwaitedpatientlyattheirhome2theirreturn.Notseeingthemmademereally3AsIwaswalkingaroundtheirbedroom,I4littleremindersofthem.SomeChristmasgiftswerestill5onthewall,whichIguessmusthavea6meaningtothem.Whattookmybreathawaywasseeingmydad’semblems（徽章）fromhismilitaryserviceofourcountry7hewasyoung.Myfathernever8tousabouttheKoreanWars.AsIlookedatthoseemblemshanging9withallthephotosthathetreasures,I10thatthiswasanimportantpartofhislife,butIneverspentthe11mademerealizeherlifebeforeshewasmymom.Ihadbeenso12runningmybusinesstoraisemyownfamilythatI13thechancetoknowabouttheirpastandexperience.Wesometimesdon’trealizesomethingis14forusuntilwehavelostit,soit’snottoolateforustotalktoourparentsabouttheirpast.Iamwritingmystoryto15everyonewhoisfortunatetostillhavetheirparents16toinvestsometimetolearnaboutthem.Iamgratefultohave17ofmyparents.SoIstillhavetimetotalkwiththem.Ihopethatreaderswill18frommystoryandfindthetimetotalkaboutthosethingsintheirlifethatmeansomuchtotheirparents.1、A．andB．butC．orD．so2、A．forB．toC．ofD．in3、A．frightenedB．embarrassedC．upsetD．excited4、A．soughtB．tookC．neededD．saw5、A．keptB．foldedC．hiddenD．covered6、A．SantaClausB．familytreesC．familyphotosD．oldclothes7、A．simpleB．realC．pastD．special8、A．ifB．whenC．thoughD．until9、A．talkedB．explainedC．showedD．referred10、A．finallyB．clearlyC．proudlyD．openly11、A．promisedB．declaredC．admittedD．realized12、A．courageB．timeC．chanceD．energy13、A．friendsB．teachersC．studentsD．children14、A．strictB．eagerC．busyD．blind15、A．rejectedB．avoidedC．delayedD．missed16、A．hopefulB．importantC．carefulD．original17、A．encourageB．demandC．requireD．warn18、awayA．awakeB．aroundC．alone19、A．oneB．neitherC．eitherD．both20、A．makeB．benefitC．changeD．recoverSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Tabletsarereallyusefuldevices,buttheirbigscreensalwaysmakethemasaburdentocarryaroundwithoutabag.Wouldn’titbegreatiftherewereaphonewiththepowersofatabletthatcouldbefoldedupandfitneatlyintothehand?Nowsomethinglikeatablet-shapedbutfoldablephoneisabouttobecomeavailable.InFebruary,SouthKoreanelectronicscompanySamsungandChina’sHuaweibothlaunchedfoldablephones,theGalaxyFoldandHuaweiMateXrespectively.Mobilephoneusehasenteredthe“foldablefuture”,TheVergenoted.Thetechnologycouldchangeourlivesinsignificantways.Thesedevices,duetotheirbendablescreens,giveusthelargerscreenswewant.Meanwhile,theystillfiteasilyintothepocket.AsUSATodaynoted,they’re“thecombinationofasmalltabletandsmartphone,allinasingledevice”.Thetechnologycouldchangeotherdevices,too.Forexample,wecouldmakeTVsthatsticktowallslikeposters,orfoldupeasilytohideawayindrawers.Incrowdedmodemcities,theywillhelpustomaximizeavailablespace.Inakeynoteaddress,Samsung’sseniorvicepresidentofmobileproductmarketing,JustinDenison,calledthefoldablescreen“thefoundationforthesmartphoneoftomorrow”.“It’sablankcanvas(画布)forustodosomethingbeautifultogether.”hesaid.Soistherenothingtostandinthewayofthefoldablefuture?AccordingtotechnewswebsiteAndroidAuthority,thenecessarydisplaysweredifficulttoproduce.In2012,nineoutofevery10OLED(二极管)screensproducedwereimperfect.Today,that10percentratehasbeenimprovedtobetween50and90percent.However,atpresentthesefoldabledevicesareexpensive.Forexample,thepriceofHuaweiMateXis17,500RMB．That’sapricethatfewpeoplewillbeabletoafford.Butifthefoldabledeviceisn’tgoingtochangetheworldovernight,thereisnodoubtthatitiscoming.PatrickMoorhead,anindustryanalysttoldTheVerge,“Fewaredebatingiffoldableorrollablemobiledisplaysarethefutureofsmartphones;theonlyquestioniswhenandbywhom.”1、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Screendevicesonthemarket. B．Foldableageisarriving.C．Possiblepowersofatablet. D．Foldablescreensareimperfect.2、WhatcanwelearnfromJustinDenison’swords?A．Thefoldablescreenhasgreatpotential.B．TheGalaxyFoldstillhasmanyproblems.C．Theproductionoffoldablephoneswillsoonincrease.D．Companiesneedtoworktogethertodevelopfoldablephone.3、Whatistheproblemwithfoldablephonesatthemoment?A．Theyareeasytobreak. B．Theyareinconvenienttocarry.C．Theyarenotasusefulasexpected. D．Theyareunaffordableformostfamilies.4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofthefoldablescreen?A．Worried. B．Cautious. C．Positive. D．Unconcerned.Text2HowDidtheAncientChineseKeepFoodWarminWinter?Facilitieslikeelectricricecookers,microwaves,andelectrickettles,makeiteasyforpeopletokeepfoodwarmandenjoyacomfortablewinter.SohowdidChinesepeopleinancienttimeskeepfoodwarminwinterwithoutthese?Infact,ancientChinesepeopleusedtheirownmethodsofheatpreservationasearlyastheShangandZhouDynasties.☆“WenDing”,ancientricecookerOneofthemajorfunctionsofanelectricricecookeristokeepfoodwarm.The“WenDing”,anancientcookingcontainer,servedthesamepurpose,butinsteadofusingelectricenergy,theancientcookingcontainerpreservedheatbyburningfuelslikecharcoal.The“WenDing”unearthedinNanjingin1989isthoughttobetheoldestofitskinddiscoveredinChina,datingbacktotheStoneAge.Thecraftsmanshipofmakingthe“WenDing”wasdevelopedintheBronzeAge.ThebronzeDingfromtheShangandZhouDynastiestookondifferentshapesandstructures.☆“RanLu”,ancientsmallhotpotThe“RanLu”isasmallsizecookingvessel(器皿)madeofbronze,whichcanbedividedintothreeparts.Acharcoalstoveformsthemainstructure,withabottomtraytoholdcharcoalashes,andamovablecupatthetop.Someexpertshaveconcludedthatthevessel’sstructuresuggestsitmayhavebeenusedasasmallhotpotandthatthesevesselsbecamepopularintheWarringStatesPeriod(475—221B．C．).☆BronzeYou,ancientkettleTheBronzeYouwasoneofthemostcommonwinecontainersduringtheShangandZhouDynasties.TheBronzeYoucanalsobeusedtowarmwine.Forexample,theBronzeYouwithbeastmaskdesign,unearthedinJiangxiProvince,hasanopeningwherecharcoalcouldbeplaced.Justaspeopletodaycan’tdowithoutanelectrickettle,theBronzeYouallowedpeopletoenjoyahotdrink.☆BronzeYan,ancientsteamerAlthoughthe“WenDing”waseffectiveatkeepingfoodwarm,theancientChinesepeoplelaterfoundthatitsburningprocessproducedpollution.Asaresult,theBronzeYanmadewithatwo-tierstructureandusedtosteamriceandothergrains.AftertheEasternHanDynasty(25A．D．-220A．D．),furtherimprovementstotheBronzeYanledtothemodern-daysteamer.1、Whendidthe“RanLu”becomepopular?A．IntheZhouDynasty.B．IntheEasternHanDynasty.C．IntheWarringStatesPeriod.D．IntheStoneAge.2、TheBronzeYou,unearthedinJiangxiProvince,hasanopeningto________.A．placecharcoalB．storewineC．pourwaterD．holdcharcoalashes3、WhatistheuniqueadvantageoftheBronzeYan?A．Itiswarm.B．Itisconvenient.C．Itisuseful.D．Itisenvironment-friendly.Text3FormonthsfishthatliveindarkcavesinMexicogowithoutfood.Theyhavegonefarlonger-thousandsofyears-withoutlight,evolvingtolosetheireyesandskinpigments（色素）.Nowresearchershavediscoveredthesestrangecreatureshaveanotheroddity.Theysurvivetheirfood-scarceenvironment,thefishhaveevolvedextremewaysofturningnutrientsintoenergy.Thesefeaturescreatesymptomslikelargebloodsugarswingsthat,inhumans,arepredictorsoftype2diabetes.Butinthefishthesechangesareadaptations,notadisease.Thesecavefishleadlogandhealthylives.Understandinghowthefishremainhealthyinspiteofthesesymptomsmayleadtonewapproachesfortreatingdiabetesinpeople,saysCliffTabin,ageneticistatHarvardMedicalSchool.Heandhiscolleaguesarebeginningtogetcluesabouthowcavefishsurvivethesymptoms.Inhumansandothermammals,oneofthefirstsignsoftype2diabetesriskispoorcontrolofWoodsugar(glucose).Thishappensbecausecellsresistinsulin,thehormonethatsignalscellstotakeinglucosefromthebloodstream.Iftheproblemscontinue,theyprogressintofull-blowndiabetes.Theillnesskills3.4millionpeopleworldwideeveryyear,butcurrenttreatmentsoftendonotwork.Thecavefishhas,apparently,figuredoutanothersolution.Thefishwerewashedfromriversintocavesaboutamillionyearsago.Itwasabigchange.Riverswerefulloffoodbutcaveshaveonlywhatiswashedinbyseasonalfloods.Becausecavefishgomanymonthswithoutfood,researchersassumedtheyevolvedametabolism(新陈代谢）thatefficientlystoresthecaloriesinasimilarwayanimalsstorefatbeforewinter.Totestthatidea,theycomparedthecavefishwiththeriverfishraisedundersameconditionsinthelab.Theyfoundthecavefishdostoremorevisceralfatthanriverfish.Butthecavefishalsohadmuchlarger,fattylivers,whichresembleddiabetes-linkedfattyliverdiseaseinhumans.“Butyoudon’tseedestructionoftheliverintheseguys.”Tabinsays.“It’sverycurious.”Cavefishresearchersarenowworkingtofindouthowthefishdoit.“Theonlypieceoftotalevidenceisthatthemetabolicrateislowerinthecavefishthanintheirriverfishrelatives.”saysAlexKeeneofFloridaAtlanticUniversity."Theremightbesomethingaboutslowenergyuseincellsthatprotectsagainstdiabetes."hesays,“Findingthatsomethingwill,likefishing,requiresomepatience.”1、Whatinterestsresearchersmostinthecavefishisthat.A．theyhaveevolvedtolosetheireyesandskinpigmentsB．theyhaveevolvedwaysofturningnutrientsintoenergyC．theyhaveexperiencednosymptomsofdiabetesinhumansD．theyhavesurvivedfromsymptomsofdiabetesinhumans2、ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3that.A．insulindisturbsthecontrolofbloodsugarB．insulintakesinglucosefromthebloodstreamC．insulinpreventstheriseofbloodsugarD．insulinlendstoprogressintofull-blowndiabetes3、Researchersstudythemetabolisminthecavefishmainlyby.A．testingtheefficiencyofstoringfatinsidethemB．comparingtheirfatamountwiththatintheriverfishC．comparingtheirfattyliverswiththoseofhumansD．observingtheirliversstoringfatwithnodestruction4、Itcanbeconcludedthatthefeaturesofthecavefish.A．haveenabledresearcherstofindoutnewwaystotreatdiabetesB．haveinspiredresearchersaboutnewtreatmentsfordiabetesC．havebroughtinmanynewideasabouthowtotreatdiabetesD．willbeusedasatreatmentfordiabetesinthenearfutureText4Friendshipisoneofthebasicbondsbetweenhumanbeings.Whilethecharacteristicsoffriendshipmightvaryfromonecountrytoanother,peoplefromallculturesnotonlyenjoyfriendsbutneedthem.Manystudieshaveshownthatteenagerswhohavenofriendsoftensufferfrompsychologicaldisorders.Ithasbeenshownthatteenagers,perhapsmorethananyotheragegroup,needcompanionshipandasenseofbelonging.Thenegativeconsequencesoflonelinesshavealsobeenobservedamongtheelderly.Thedeathofaspouseoftenleavesawidoworawidowertotallybereft.If,however,theyaresurroundedbyfriendsandrelativesandiftheyareabletoexpresstheirfeelings,theyaremorelikelytorecoverfromtheirgrief.“Nomanisanisland.”Inotherwords,weareallpartsofsociety.Weallneedthelove,admiration,respectandmoralsupportofotherpeople.Ifwearefortunate,ourfriendswillprovideuswithallofthesenecessaryaspectsoflife.Asmostpeopleobserve,therearemanylevelsoffriendship.Thedegreeorintensityoffriendshipvariesdependingonthepersonalityoftheindividualsinvolvedandthecontextoftherelationships.Outgoingpersonsenjoybeingsurroundedbymanypeoplewhereasshypersonsareperhapscontentwithfewerbutmoreintensefriendships.Everyoneisnotequallyopenwithalltheirfriends.Thedegreeofclosenessisdeterminedbymanyfactors.Closefriendscanbeformedatanystageinone’slifebuttheyareusuallyveryrare.Notverymanypeoplehavemorethanafewreallyclosefriends.Regardlessofthelevelofcloseness,allfriendshipsarebasedonreciprocity(互惠),honestyandacertainamountofloveandaffection.1、Whoaremorelikelytosufferfrompsychologicaldisorderswithoutfriends?A．Teenagers.B．Adults.C．Theelderly.D．Acouple.2、Whatdoesthesentence“Nomanisanisland”reallymean?A．Nomaniswillingtoliveonanisland.B．Manusuallydoesn’tgotoanislandC．Everyoneisrelatedwithoursociety.D．Oursocietyisjustlikeanisland.3、Whatcanwelearnaboutoutgoingpeople?A．Theylikebeingalone.B．Theyarefondofmakingfriends.C．Theyhaveintensefriendships.D．Theyhavefewerclosefriendsindeed4、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Theformationofclosefriends.B．Thenumberofrealfriends.C．Honesty,loveandaffection.D．Factorstodeterminethedegreeofcloseness.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Longtimeago,aboy1．(name)BobmetanewfriendinQQ,sheisLarryLarryworkswithTransportDriversIncOnemorningin2009,Larrywastravelingalong165northafterdeliveringtooneofhiscustomerswhenhesawacar2．itsbrightlightsonAshegoteven3．(close),hefoundanothervehicleupsidedownontheroadOnemorelook4．henoticedfireshootingout5．(repeat)fromunderthedisabledvehicleLarrypulledover,setthebrakeandgotholdofthefireextinguisher(灭火器)Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefire6．(put)outThemanwhohadhisbrightlightsoncameoverandtoldLarryhehadmadeacallTheythenheardawoman’svoicecomingfromthedamagedvehicle7．(approach)thevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindowTheytoldhertostaystill,butshethoughtthecarwasgoingtoexplodeLarrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireOncefireand8．(emergent)peoplearrived,LarryandtheothermanbackedoffandletthemgotoworkThen,Larryaskedthepolice9．hewasneededorfreetogoTheylethimandtheothermangoOnethingisforcertain—It10．(be)hiseffortsthatmostlikelysavedthewoman’slifePASSYOURLOVEONWaitingfortheairplanetotakeoff,IwashappytogetaseatbymyselfJustthen,1．airhostessapproachedmeandasked,“Wouldyoumind2．(change)yourseat?Acouplewouldliketosittogether”Theonlypossiblewasnexttoagirlwithherarmsincasts,ablack-and-blueface,andasad3．(express)“NowayamIgoingtositthere,”Ithought4．(immediate)Butasoftvoicespoke,“Sheneedshelp”Finally,IdecidedtomovetothatseatThegirlwasnamedKathyShe5．(hurt)inacaraccidentandnowwasonherwayfortreatmentWhenthesnackandjuicearrived,itdidnottakemelongtorealize6．KathywouldnotbeabletofeedherselfIconsideredoffering7．(feed)herbuthesitated,asitseemedtooimpolitetoofferaservicetoastrangerButthenIrealizedthatKathy’sneedwasmoreimportantthanmydiscomfortIhelpedhereat,andthoughtshewas8．(comfort)toaccept,shedidasIexpectedWebecamecloserandcloserinashortperiodoftimeBytheendofthefive-hourtrip,myhearthadwarmed,andthetimewasreallybetterspentthanifIhadjustsatbymyselfLovesometimesflowsbeyondhumanbordersand9．(remove)thefearsthatkeepusseparateWhenweoffertoserveanother,wegrowtoliveinalargerand10．rewardingworldSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Researchersdefineself-controlorself-disciplineas“abilitytocontrolorchangeone’sinnerresponses”．1、However，somepeoplethinkthatasanimmediateconsequenceofleadinglivesofconstantself-control，theyaren’tlikelytogainalotofpleasurefromlife．2、Tostart，414adultscompletedononlinesurvey．Inthesurvey，theyratedthetheirself-controlbyindicatinghowmuchtheyagreedwith14statements，suchas“Iindeeddocertainthingsthatarebadforme，iftheyarefun．”Intheirstudy，205adultsweregivensmartphonesandrequiredtoreporttheiremotionsatrandommomentsthroughouttheweek．3、Ifso，theyhadtoreporthowhardtheytriedtoresistthem，andwhethertheyeventuallyendedupactingonthem．Theresearchersfoundthatthemoreself-controlpeoplehad，themoresatisfiedtheywerewiththeirlivesinthelongrun．4、Infact，suchpeople’sincreasedhappinesstoalargeextentaccountedfortheincreasedlifesatisfaction．Theseresearchersalsofiguredoutthatpeoplehighinself-controlaresimplylesslikelytofindthemselvesinsituationswherethat’sevenanissue．Theydon’twastetimefightinginnerbattlesoverwhetherornottoeatasecondpieceofcake．5、Andthat，itwouldseem，makesthemhappier……evenifoccasionallyalittlebitsad．A．Inaword，theyarenotbotheredaboutsuchlittledesires．B．Researcherscheckedthesegeneralideasthroughasurveyandstudy．C．Itisgenerallybelievedthatinthelongrunself-controlcanmakepeoplehappier．D．Meanwhile，theywerealsoaskedtoreportwhethertheywereexperiencinganydesires．E．However，peoplewithmoreself-controlwerealsomorelikelytobehappyintheshortrun．F．Buttheyarestilluncertainwhysomepeoplearemoreabletocontroltheirinnerresponses．G．Mostadultsreportedtheyfailedtocontroltheirdesiretoplayvideogamesbeforeanexam．Youdon’tlosefiftypoundsintwoweeks.Youlosethemonepoundatatime.Sodon’texpecttorebuildyourlifebychangingeverythingbymidnighttonight.1、TheonethingIhaveseenrepeatedlyinpeoplewhofacediscouragingchallengesisthattheyoftenwon’ttrybecausethesituationseemstoohardtochange.2、Therefore,theyjustdon’tbotherandsettleforthestatusquo（现状）.Iknowaverybrightyoungwomanwhohadachildwhenshewas17andwoun