世界能源不可能三角指数2021（英）-68正式版

WORLDENERGY

TrilemmaIndex

2021

InpartnershipwithOliverWyman

WORLDENERGYCOUNCIL

ABOUT

TheWorldEnergyCouncilistheprincipalimpartialnetworkofenergyleadersandpractitionerspromotinganaffordable,stableandenvironmentallysensitiveenergysystemforthegreatestbenefitofall.

Formedin1923,theCouncilrepresentstheentireenergyspectrum,withover3,000memberorganisationsinover80countries,drawnfromgovernments,privateandstatecorporations,academia,NGOsandenergystakeholders.

Weinformglobal,regionalandnationalenergystrategiesbyhostinghigh-leveleventsincludingtheWorldEnergyCongressandpublishingauthoritativestudies,andworkthroughourextensivemembernetworktofacilitatetheworld’senergypolicydialogue.

Furtherdetailsat

and

@WECouncil

PublishedbytheWorldEnergyCouncil2021

Copyright©2021WorldEnergyCouncil.Allrightsreserved.Allorpartofthispublicationmaybeusedorreproducedaslongasthefollowingcitationisincludedoneachcopyortransmission:‘UsedbypermissionoftheWorldEnergyCouncil’

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RegisteredOffice

62–64Cornhill

London

EC3V3NH

UnitedKingdom

WORLDENERGYTRILEMMAINDEX2021

TheWorldEnergyCouncil’sdefinitionofenergysustaina-bilityisbasedonthreecoredimensions:EnergySecurity,EnergyEquity,andEnvironmentalSustainabilityofEnergySystems.

Balancingthesethreegoalsconstitutesa‘Trilemma’andbalancedsystemsenableprosperityandcompetitivenessofindividualcountries.

TheWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndexhasbeenpreparedannuallysince2010bytheWorldEnergyCouncilinpartnershipwithglobalconsultancyOliverWyman,alongwithMarshMcLennanAdvantageofitsparentMarshMcLennanCompanies.Itpresentsacomparativerankingof127countries’energysystems,andprovidesanassessmentofacountry’senergysystemperformance,reflectingbalanceandrobustnessinthethreeTrilemmadimensions.

AccessthecompleteIndexresults,nationalTrilemmapro-filesandtheinteractiveTrilemmaIndextooltofindoutmoreaboutcountries’Trilemmaperformanceandwhatittakestobuildasustainableenergysystemcanbefoundat:

WorldEnergyTrilemmaIndex2021,publishedbytheWorldEnergyCouncilinpartnershipwithOLIVERWYMAN.

2

TABLEOFCONTENTS

FOREWORD

EXECUTIVESUMMARY

2021TRILEMMARESULTS

2021TOPPERFORMERSANDIMPROVERS

2021WORLDENERGYTRILEMMAINDEX

INTRODUCTION

TRENDSINENERGYSECURITY

TRENDSINENERGYEQUITY

TRENDSINSUSTAINABILITY

REGIONALENERGYPROFILES

AFRICA

ASIA

EUROPE

MIDDLEEASTANDGULFSTATES

NORTHAMERICA

LATINAMERICAANDTHECARIBBEAN

ANNEXA:FREQUENTLYASKEDQUESTIONS

ANNEXB:INDEXRANKINGS&POLICIES

ANNEXC:INDEXMETHODOLOGY

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

04

07

11

12

13

16

20

25

30

37

56

58

60

65

WORLDWORLDENERGYENERGYCOUNCILCOUNCIL

FOREWORD

MAKING(COMMON)SENSE

OFOURCHANGINGRELATIONSHIPSWITHENERGY

Theworldneedsmoresustainableenergyandourrelationshipwithenergyand,consequently,witheachother,isshiftingandtransforming.Theneedtoinvolvemorepeopleanddiversecommunitiesinbeingbetterabletoappreciate

andnavigatetheroleofenergyineverydaylifehasneverbeengreater.

Today’senergyleadershiplandscapeiscrowded,competitive,oftenconfusing,andincreasinglycostly.Confrontationandextremepolarisationhavebecomecommonplace.

InmyroleastheSecretaryGeneralandCEOoftheWorldEnergyCouncil,Iamoftenaskedtomakesenseofworldenergydevelopmentsbyincreasinglydiverseenergyinterests–incumbentenergyproducers,newpowersuppliers,investorsandacademics,regulatorsandjournalists,climateandpovertyactivists.

Idonothaveacrystalball,butIcanharnessthewisdomofthecrowd.

Buildingnewenergybridgesforanothercentury

Itisnoteasytobeimpartialandimpactful,butitiswhatweareandhavebeenfornearly100years.Asacharity,ourworkandinsightsarenon-proprietaryand,assuch,arewellused,whichwetakeasahugecompliment,andasthe

6thSecretaryGeneralandCEO,Icanassureyouthatourprimefocusisonincreasingourimpactindrivingastepchangeinglobalenergytransitions.

Thereareseveralareaswherewecontinuetoexcelinforgingnewcommonsenseandleveragingour‘builtin’scaletoprogressbetterenergyforallpeopleandahealthyplanet.

Ourself-organising,locallydeepandgloballynetworkedenergycommunityisopentoallandsecondtonone.Ourmembershipbaseconnectsdiverseenergyinterestsacrossallcornersoftheplanet,differentspheresofgovernment,civilsociety,academiaandbusiness,andreachesbeyondtheenergyindustry.Ourinvestmentforover40yearsinFutureEnergyLeadersandourmorerecentchampioningofStart-upEnergyTransitionEntrepreneurs,

isourantidotetotheinstitutionalcurseof‘pale,male,stale’.Wearerefreshinglyoldandarguablyoneoftheworld’sfirst‘phoneafriend’energycommunities

Weunderstandthatcontextmattersandthatthat‘noonesizefitsall’whenitcomestoenergytransitionsandpowertransformations.Thedepthandbreadthofournetworkena-blesustosupportsocietiestoappreciatethescopeandscaleoftheglobalenergytransitionchallengeandtolearnwithandfromtheincreasingdiversityinenergysolutions.

ThetriannualWorldEnergyCongressandannualWorldEnergyWeekprovideararevenueforhonestdialogue,productivedisagreement,andnetworkedcollaboration.WeareexcitedtobemarkingthestartofourcentenaryyearwiththeStPetersburg25thWorldEnergyCongress,Russia,inOctober2022.Itwillbeamomenttoremember–animportantcheckpointforourHumanisingEnergyvisionanditsimpact,andachancetoaddourvoicestotheglobalcallforactiononsustainabledevelopmentandclimateneutralityatthestartofapivotaldecadeofdelivery.

44

Thetechnocraticracetozero…

TheproliferationofnetzerotargetsandroadmapsintherunuptotheCOP26UNFCCmeetingisapromisingstart,butsuccesswillbedeterminedbypeopleandpracticalities,notpoliticalpromisesandplans.

Energyliteracyremainspooracrossmanystakeholdergroups.Notinthesenseofprofes-sionalknowhowandengineeringexpertise,althoughcapabilitiesareunevenlyspread.Butratherinthegenerallackofappreciationandunderstandingthat,forallofus,ourrelation-shipwithenergyischanging.

Energyagendasmeanwhileremaintechnocratic,supply-centric,andhighlyterritorial.Someadvocateswrangleoverthecolourofnewfueltypes,whilstbillionsofpeoplehavenoconnectiontoelectricityorlackaccesstoqualityenergyforcleancooking,betterhealth,andnewlivelihoods.Somevoicesarepowerful,yetmanyremainliterallypower-less.

Nowonder,silentmajoritiesoftenappeardisinterestedorparalysed.Whoisnotconfusedbytheoverwhelminganalysisoftheproblem,thedifferentroadmaps,andthemultitudeof‘highlevel’summitsandproclamations?

Energy‘citizens’acrossallgeographiesarestaringintoathickfogofuncertainty.Theyseekgreaterclarityabouttheirrole.Somearehoping‘someone’elsewillfixthesystemsothattheirbehavioursdon’tneedtochange.Othersarelookingfornewwaystoself-organiseandplaytheirpart.

Indrivingforwardactionwithmanymorehandsonthewheel,itisalsoimportanttotakeagoodhardlookintherear-viewmirrortounderstandwhetherweareheadingintherightdirection.

WheretheWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndexfitsin

ThisiswheretheannualWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndex,nowinits11thyear,fitsin.

Itseekstoprovideacomprehensiveandcomprehensiblerear-viewmirror.

Beforetravelbecamerestricted,theWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndexwasoftenthefirstthingmentionedbyCouncilstakeholdersuponmyarrival.After‘helloandwelcome’,ausualquestionwaswhyaren’twehigherintheglobalranking!

TheWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndexwasoneofthefirstenergypolicydecision-supporttoolstorecognisethatbinarytrade-offsarenotsufficientandanewintegratedpolicyframeworkisessentialindesigningsustainableenergysystemsthatmeettheconnectedchallengesofenergysecurity,energyequityandaffordabilityandenvironmentalsustainability.Asthenamesuggests,theWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndex,enablesustolookatnewenergyrealitiesandpolicydesignchallengesthroughthreelenses.

TRILEMMATRILEMMAINDEXINDEX20212021

55

WORLDWORLDENERGYENERGYCOUNCILCOUNCIL

TheWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndex

istheonlyretrospectivetoolintheunique

WorldEnergyTransitionLeadersToolkit

.Theothertoolssupportforwardpathfinding:

The

WorldEnergyTransitionRadar

detectsrealtimesignalsofrecoveryandtransitionactionstoclarifythespeedanddirectionofglobalenergytransition.

Theannual

WorldEnergyIssuesMonitor

takesasnapshotofthepresentriskandopportunitylandscape.

The

WorldEnergyScenarios

providenewandalternativestoriesofthefutureofworldenergy,whichhavebeenco-createdbymembersacrosstheworld.

Societieseverywherearesearchingfornewandbetterwaystoaddressgloballyconnectedchallengesinaneraofenergyforpeopleandplanet,peaceandprosperity.Newenergydevelopmentsarechangingallourrelationshipsaswerecoverfromcrisis,repairtheplanet,renewthewellbeingofwholesocieties,andbetterprepareforfutureshocksbybuildinginresiliencenow.

TheWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndexisatrustedtoolusedbystakeholdersacrosstheenergyspectrumandcanplayavitalroleinconveningimpact-orientatedconversationsaroundenergy.

HumanisingEnergy–Abetterwaytobuildforwardtogether!

Astheworldlearnshowtonavigatetheemergingenergy–cyber–climatestressnexusandavoidaglobalwinner–takes–alltechnologyracetozero,theWorldEnergyTrilemmaframeworkwillcontinuetoevolveintoaflexibletoolthatcan

beusedtoimprovethequalityofpolicydesignatalllevelsofsocietyandglobalenergygovernancematters.

Societieshaveneverbuiltbackbetter.Byhumanisingenergysocietiescanbuildforwardtogether!

DrAngelaWilkinsonSecretaryGeneral&CEO

SirPhillipLowe

Chair

WorldEnergyTrilemma

6

EXECUTIVESUMMARY

ThisisthesecondyearthattheCouncilhaspublishedtheWorldEnergyTrilemmaIndexduringtheCOVID-19pandemic,whichcontinuestothreatenhealthanddisrupttheglobaleconomy.TheTrilemmaisanannualmeasurementofnationalenergysystemsthatreliesuponhistoricdatatoassesshistoricpastenergypolicyperformanceand,assuch,theimpactofthepandemicisnotyetfullyreflectedinthedata.Whilefurtherinsightsintotheeffectofthepandemiconenergyarebecomingvisible,suchasdepresseddemandandfragmentedlocalrecoveries,thelonger-termimplicationsforenergysystemsandtransitionremainunclear.

Nationalcontextiscriticaltohowcountriesdeveloptheirdifferentenergypolicies,basedupontheirdomesticcircumstanceswithvaryingnaturalresources,geographies,andsocio-economicsystems.Thesedifferingcontextsleadtoadivergenceofsystemsthatmeansthattherecanbenosinglepathforasuccessfulenergytransition;instead,eachcountrymustdetermineitsownbestenergypolicypathwaywithrespecttoitsnationalsituationandpriorities.SuchdiversitymeansthatdirectcomparisonsbetweentherankingsandscoresofcountriesintheTrilemmaarelessinformative,butinsteadshouldhelpprovideanopeningforadialogue,withcountrieslearningfromandwitheachotheraboutwhatpoliciesworkinwhatcircumstancesandwhy.TheEnergyTrilemmaIndexcanhelpcountriesandenergystakeholderstoprioritisethoseareasofenergypolicytoimprovemostandexplorewhichoptionsmightbemoreappropriate.

2021RESULTS

Thisyear,127countrieshavebeenrankedinto101places,assomehaveachievedthesamescores.Theoveralltoptenranksforthe2021TrilemmacontinuetobedominatedbyOECDcountries,withEuropeancountriesperformingparticularlystrongly,reiteratingtheimportanceofhavinglongstandingactiveenergypolicies.Thetopthreerankingcountriesremainthesameasin2020,withSwedenjustovertakingSwitzerlandtothetopspot,andDenmarkremaininginthirdplace.Allthreecountrieshaveoverallscoresof83andabove.Canada,NewZealandandtheUnitedStatesbreaktheOECDEuropeanmonopoly(Table1).

TRILEMMAINDEX2021

Table1: 2021TopTrilemmaperformers

TOP10RANKOVERALLPERFORMERS

1Sweden

AAAa

2Switzerland

AAAa

3Denmark

AAAa

4

Finland

AAAa

4

UnitedKingdom

AAAa

5

France

AAAa

5

Austria

AAAa

6Canada

AABa

7Germany

AAAa

8Norway

BAAa

9

NewZealand

AAAa

WORLDENERGY

9

UnitedStates

AABa

10

TRILEMMAINDEX

Luxembourg

CAAa

2021

10

Spain

ABAa

Rank

Grade

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

Table2: 2021TopTrilemmaimprovers

TOP10COUNTRIESOVERALLIMPROVERS

82

Cambodia

CDDd

57%

83

Myanmar

BDCd

34%

59

DominicanRepublic

DCBc

33%

80

Kenya

BDBc

33%

88

Ethiopia

DDCd

31%

76

Honduras

CDBd

28%

53

Thailand

CCCb

26%

78

Nicaragua

CDBd

26%

60

SriLanka

CCBc

25%

51

China

BBDb

25%

Rank

Grade

Improvementsince2000

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

7

WORLDENERGYCOUNCIL

Since2000,thosecountriesthathaveshownthegreatestimprovementintheirTrilemmascoresillustratethecriticalimportanceofincreasingaccessanddiversifyingenergysystems.Theoveralltopthreeimprovingcountriessince2000areCambodia,MyanmarandtheDominicanRepublicthatmayhavelowoverallranksbuthavemadesignificantandsustainedeffortstoimprovetheirenergysystems.(Table2)

TheEnergySecuritydimensionhighlightstheimportanceofstrongenergypoliciestomakethemostofdomesticresourceswhilediversifyinganddecarbonisingenergysystems.Canada,

FinlandandRomaniaonceagaintoptheEnergySecuritylistthatisheavywithOECDandEuropeancountries(Table3).Brazilistheonlynon-OECD/Europeancountrytofeatureinthetoptenenergysecuritylist,duetoitssignificanthydrocarbonresourcesanddecarbonisedpowersystem,whichprovidesecuritythroughdiversity.Whilesignificantnaturalresourceendowmentcanunderpingoodperformance,over-relianceonabundantdomestichydrocarbonresourcescanalsobea“resource”curseleadingtoreduceddiversityanddecliningperformanceforsomehydrocarbon-richcountries.

Asever,diversifyingacountry’senergymiximprovesenergysecurityscoresandleadstoastrongeremphasisonsystemresilience(Table4).

Table3: Top10RankPerformers

Table4: Top10Improvers

inEnergySecurity

inEnergySecurity

TOP10RANKPERFORMERS

TOP10RANKIMPROVERS

1

Canada

1

Malta

77.5

113%

2

2

Finland

75.3

Cambodia

104%

3

Romania

75.1

3

Jordan

83%

4

Latvia

4

74.9

Cyprus

66%

5

Sweden

74.5

5

Kenya

59%

6

6

Brazil

73.5

Jamaica

54%

7

UnitedStates

73.3

7

Tajikistan

53%

8

8

Bulgaria

73.1

DominicanRepublic

52%

9

CzechRepublic

72.8

9

Tanzania

51%

10

Germany

71.9

10

Singapore

51%

Rank

Score

Rank

Improvementsince2000

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

TheEnergyEquitytoptenrankingcomprisesproducercountrieswithlowenergycostsforconsumers–implicitsubsidies–thatarebecomingmorechallengingtosustaininthecurrentdecarbonisingenvironment.Qatar,KuwaitandtheUAEheadthelistofthetoptenperformers

forthedimension;allaresmall,wealthynationswithhighGDPandlowenergypricesthroughsubsidyand/orsignificanteasilyextractableenergyresources(Table5).Pricesubsidies(eitherexplicitorimplicit)tendtohinderenergysupplydiversificationandreduceTrilemmascoresintheotherdimensions.Thegreatestimproverssince2000shareacommonfocusonpoliciestoincreaseaccesstoenergyand

tomakeenergymoreaffordabletoconsumers.Nepal,CambodiaandKenyahaveseensignificantimprovementsinaccesstoelectricity,largelyduetoimplementationofgovernmentpolicy(Table6).Accesstoreliableandaffordableenergyisanenablerofeconomicprosperity,butgreaterfocusisnowneededonthequalityofenergysupply.Morethan800millionpeopleremainwithoutaccesstobasicenergy,particularlyinSub-SaharanAfrica–continuedprogressonUNSustainableDevelopmentGoal7isanimperative,withpathfindingfromtopimprovingcountriesprovidingpracticalexamples.

8

Table5: Top10PerformersinEnergyEquity

TOP10RANKPERFORMERS

1

Qatar

99.9

1

Kuwait

99.8

1

UAE

99.8

2

Oman

99.6

2

Bahrain

99.6

3

Iceland

99.2

4

Luxembourg

99.0

5

Ireland

98.4

6

Switzerland

98.0

7

SaudiArabia

97.4

7

Israel

97.3

8

UnitedStates

97.1

9

UnitedKingdom

96.8

10

Denmark

96.4

10

Austria

96.4

Rank

Score

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

Table6: Top10Improvers

inEnergyEquity

TOP10RANKIMPROVERS

1

Nepal

212%

2

Cambodia

134%

3

Kenya

129%

4

Benin

121%

5

Ethiopia

108%

6

Bangladesh

102%

7

SriLanka

80%

8

Iraq

80%

9

Mongolia

78%

10

Nigeria

73%

Rank

Improvementsince2000

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

IntheEnvironmentalSustainabilitydimension,thetoptenrankshowcasesstrongpolicyeffortstodecarboniseanddiversifyenergysystemswithSwitzerland,SwedenandUruguayheadingthelist(Table7).Adiversifiedenergysystem,supportedbystrongpolicyinstrumentstoreduce

greenhousegasemissionssignificantly,coupledwithenergyefficiencymeasures,deliverastrongperformanceintheenvironmentalsustainabilitydimension.Drivingdownenergyintensitycanassistcountriesyettodecarbonisetheirenergymix.However,ensuringaninclusivedecarbonisationthatleavesnocommunitiesbehindwillbeessentialtohumaniseenergytransition.

Thegreatestimproverssince2000showcontinuedpolicyeffortstogetherwithsomeanomalies–Ukrainereducedimportsandincreasednucleargenerationsince2015(Table8).

Table7: Top10Performers

Table8: Top10Improvers

inEnvironmentalSustainability

inEnvironmentalSustainability

TOP10RANKPERFORMERS

TOP10RANKIMPROVERS

1

1

Switzerland

88.2

Denmark

30%

2

Sweden

86.3

2

Azerbaijan

28%

3

Uruguay

85.4

3

Ukraine

22%

4

Norway

4

Myanmar

84.4

22%

5

Panama

83.7

5

Thailand

22%

6

Brazil

83.4

6

China

21%

7

Denmark

82.9

7

Ireland

20%

8

France

82.7

8

Panama

20%

9

Albania

82.5

9

Malta

20%

10

UnitedKingdom

81.3

10

Serbia

19%

Rank

Score

Rank

Improvementsince2000

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

TRILEMMAINDEX2021

9

WORLDENERGYCOUNCIL

Figure1: WorldEnergyTrilemmaIndexdimensions

MEASURES

COVERS

Abilitytomeetcurrent

ofdomestic/externalenergysources

ENERGYSECURITY

andfutureenergydemand

Withstandandrespond

Reliabilityandresilience

tosystemshocks

ofenergyinfrastructure

MEASURES

COVERS

Abilitytoprovideuniversal

Basicaccesstoelectricityandclean

ENERGY

EQUITY

accesstoreliable,

cookingfuelsandtechnologies

energyfordomestic

Accesstoprosperity-enabling

andcommercialuse

MEASURES

COVERS

ENVIRONMENTAL

Abilitytomitigate

generation,transmission

andavoid

SUSTAINABILITY

environmental

degradationand

Distribution,decarbonisation,

climatechangeimpacts

andairquality

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

Theglobalenergysectorisfacingunprecedentedchangeascountriesstrivetodecarboniseandshapeamoreinclusiveenergytransitionastheyseektorecoverfromtheeconomicshocksgeneratedbythepandemic.

Energypoliciesandregulationstendtolagthemarketchangesandgenerallymoveforwardinincrementalsteps,buttheycanoccasionallyleap-forwardtoreframeenergymarketstoenablenewtechnologiesandbusinessmodels.Asaresult,theEnergyTrilemmaIndexalsomustevolvecontinuallytoensurethatitremainsrelevantbyincludingtheindicatorsthatbestreflecttheevolvingenergysectorandbymodifyingdatasourcesorindicatorcoverage.

Inaddition,wemustnotlosesightoftheimpactoftheCOVID-19pandemic.Weanticipatethatthechallengesandopportunitiespresentedbypost-pandemicrecoverywillreshapeenergypoliciesandtheagendaforenergytransition.HeretheTrilemmacanhelpthedialogueasapathfindingtooltoamoreequitable,sustainableandaffordableenergyfuture.

10

2021TRILEMMARESULTS

58/100

ENERGY

SECURITY

ENVIRONMENTAL

ENERGY

SUSTAINABILITY

EQUITY

66/100

75/100

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

WorldEnergy

TrilemmaIndex

Reflectsanation’scapacitytomeetcurrentandfutureenergydemandreliably,withstandandbouncebackswiftlyfromsystemshockswithminimaldisruptiontosupplies.

Assessesacountry’sabilitytoprovideuniversalaccesstoa•ordable,fairlypricedandabundantenergyfordomesticandcommercialuse.

Representsthetransitionofacountry’senergysystemtowardsmitigatingandavoidingpotentialenvironmentalharmandclimatechangeimpacts.

2021Trilemmascoreagainstthedifferenceof2000score

2021Trilemmascore

85

80

70

60

50

40

30

Sweden

Switzerland

UnitedKingdom

France

Denmark

Finland

Austria

Canada

Germany

NewZeland

Norway

UnitedStates

Luxembourg

Spain

Top10ranksOVERALLPERFORMERS

China

Thailand

Dominican

SriLanka

Republic

Honduras

Nicaragua

Kenya

Myanmar

Cambodia

Ethiopia

Thetopimproversmadesignificantstridesinaccesstomodern

energyandelectrification,manyofwhichareconsistently

seeingimprovementintheseindicators.

Top10countriesOVERALLIMPROVERS

-10% 0% +10% +20% +30% +40% +50% +60%

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

Changesince2000(%)

2021TOPPERFORMERSANDIMPROVERS

TOP10RANKOVERALLPERFORMERS

69/100

OVERALLIMPROVERS

54/100

ENERGY

ENERGY

SECURITY

SECURITY

3

Denmark

AAAa

83.0

COUNTRIES

83

Myanmar

BDCd

47.4

34%

ENVIRONMENTAL

ENERGY

ENVIRONMENTAL

ENERGY

SUSTAINABILITY

EQUITY

SUSTAINABILITY

EQUITY

78/100

96/100

65/100

39/100

1

Sweden

AAAa

84.2

82

Cambodia

CDDd

47.5

57%

2

Switzerland

AAAa

83.8

4

Finland

AAAa

81.7

10

59

DominicanRep.

DCBc

60.7

33%

4

UnitedKingdom

AAAa

81.7

TOP

80

Kenya

BDBc

50.7

33%

5

France

AAAa

81.1

5

Austria

AAAa

81.0

88

Ethiopia

DDCd

42.1

31%

6

Canada

AABa

80.6

76

Honduras

CDBd

52.5

28%

7

Germany

AAAa

80.4

Thailand

CCCb

62.7

26%

8

Norway

BAAa

79.6

53

9

NewZealand

AAAa

79.1

78

Nicaragua

CDBd

51.7

26%

9

UnitedStates

AABa

79.0

60

SriLanka

CCBc

60.1

25%

10

Spain

ABAa

76.9

China

BBDb

64.0

25%

10

Luxembourg

CAAa

76.9

51

Rank

Grade

Score

Rank

Grade

Score

Improvementsince2000

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

Scoreisroundedtoonedecimalpoint.Countriessharearankifdifferenceintheirscoreislessthan0.1.

2021TrilemmaIndexedtrendssincethebaselineof2000

%DierencechangeinTrilemmascore

+60%

Improvementisincrementalfortopperformingcountries.

Cambodia

+50%

Significantimprovementsinperformanceare

Myanmar

typicallyseenincountriesfurtherdowntheranking.

DominicanRep.

+40%

Kenya

Topimprovers

Ethiopia

Topperformers

Honduras

+30%

Othercountries

Thailand

Nicaragua

SriLanka

+20%

China

Denmark

Austria

+10%

Germany

Spain

UnitedStates

France

0%

Luxembourg

Switzerland

Sweden

-10%

UnitedKingdom

Finland

Canada

NewZealand

-20%

Norway

2000

2005

2010

2015

2021

Source:WorldEnergyCouncil

WORLDENERGYCOUNCIL

2021WORLDENERGYTRILEMMAINDEX

Country

Rank

Score

Grade

0

20

40

60

80

Sweden

1

AAAa

Switzerland

2

AAAa

Denmark

3

AAAa

UnitedKingdom

4

AAAa

Finland

4

AAAa

France

5

AAAa

Austria

5

AAAa

Canada

6

AABa

Germany

7

AAAa

Norway

8

BAAa

NewZealand

9

AAAa

UnitedStates

9

AABa

Luxembourg

10

CAAa

Spain

10

ABAa

Ireland

11

CAAa

Belgium

12

BAAa

Hungary

12

ABBb

Uruguay

13

BBAb

Lithuania

14

BBAa

Portugal

14

BBAa

Iceland

15

CABa

Italy

15

ABAb

Netherlands

16

BABa

Japan

16

BAAa

Slovenia

17

ABAa

Australia

18

AACa

CzechRepublic

19

ABBa

Latvia

20

ABBa

Estonia

20

ABBa

Malta

21

DAAa

Romania

21

ABAb

Slovakia

22

ABAb

Croatia

23

ABAb

Bulgaria

24

ABBb

Malaysia

25

BBCa

Brazil

26