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真题版恋练有词课程讲 【v.】统真题版恋练有词课程讲 【v.】统治；管理；支配；控制；影 【n.】统治方式，管理方2007年阅读TextJustasbossesandboardshavefinallysortedouttheirworstaccountingandcompliancetroubles,andimprovedtheirfeeblecorporationgovernance,anewproblemthreatenstoearnthem—especiallyinAmerica—thesortofnastyheadlinesthatinevitablyleadtoheadsrollingintheexecutivesuite:datainsecurity.Left,untilnow,toodd,low-ITstafftoputright,andseenasaconcernonlyofdata-richindustriessuchastelecomsandairtravel,informationprotectionisnowhighontheboss’sagendainbusinessofeveryvariety.形近government-funded【adj.】政府拨款【adj.】政府拨款2008年阅读TextTheInternet—andpressurefromfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialpublishersaremakingmoneyfromgovernment-fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoit—ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsa形近self- 【adj.】自我管理补充词 受约束；被控1/conduct【v.】引领；引conduct【v.】引领；引interpretation【n.】翻译；解【n.2007Whilethequalityoflegaljournalismvariesgreatly,thereisanundue【v.2010年阅读TextTheauthorthinksthebankswere“onthewrongplanet”inthatthey [B]exaggeratedtherealvalueoftheir[C]neglectedthelikelyexistenceofbad[D]deniedbookinglossesintheirsaleof补充词 【v.】使明确，解prove【v.】证明，证实；结果是；证明是；检验；考验；鉴形近2/proverb【n.】谚2007年阅读TextWhichofthefollowingproverbsproverb【n.】谚2007年阅读TextWhichofthefollowingproverbsisclosesttothemessagethetexttriesto[A]“Faithwillmove[B]“Onereapswhatone[C]“Practicemakes[D]“Likefather,like补充词show【v.】说明，表明，表现出【n.（电视或广播）节目【n.（电视或广播）节目；2013年阅读TextInthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundherconfirm【v.】证实，证明，确【n.】回报；利润；收益［常用overturn【v.】(使)翻转；推翻；撤销(判决)；颠覆【n.】翻转；打翻；颠覆；废【adj.】被撤销的(此处为overturn的形容词形式2013年阅读TextOntheoverturnedprovisionsthemajorityheldthecongresshad3/“occupiedthefield”andArizonahadthusintrudedonthe“occupiedthefield”andArizonahadthusintrudedonthefederal’sprivileged补充词词inreturn 作 的回industrial【adj.】工业的；产【adj.】工2010In1924America’sNationalResearchCouncilsenttwoengineerstosuperviseaseriesofindustrialexperimentsatalargetelephone-partsfactorycalledthePlantnear形近industry【n.】产业；工业，行业；勤【n.2013年阅读TextBobLiodice,thechiefexecutiveoftheAssociationofNationalAdvertisers,consumerswillbeworseoffiftheindustrycannotcollectinformationabouttheir【adj.】工业化measure【v.】量，测量；估量；衡量【n.】衡量；估量；尺寸；大小【n.】衡量；估2009Itmaybesaidthatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitutionisitseffectenlargingandimprovingexperience;butthiseffectisnotapartofitsoriginal4/形近opponent【n.】对手，敌手；反对【adj.】对立的；敌对【n.形近opponent【n.】对手，敌手；反对【adj.】对立的；敌对【n.】反对2014年阅读TextThereispressureforchangefromwithintheprofession,butopponentsofamongtheregulatorsinsistthatkeepingoutsidersoutofalawfirmisolateslawyersfromthepressuretomakemoneyratherthanserveclientsethically.补充词词beopposed 反对……;背道而 【v.】排斥；击bargain【v.】否认；否认与……有关系不承认；抛 【v.】反击；反【v.2011年阅读TextIt’shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous:mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnota形近5/【n.2008年阅读TextThat’【n.2008年阅读TextThat’safardifferentimagefromthecherry-tree-choppingGeorgemostpeoplerememberfromtheirhistorybooks.2011年阅读TextThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlyonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthis2011年阅读TextOfcourse,theimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUSWeeklyPeoplepresentishugelyunrealistic,especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslike2011年阅读TextButit’sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-free,ourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperience,inthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgetting“theRachel”mightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJennifer形近【n.【adj.】虚构的；想象中unimaginable【adj.】难以想象【adj.】创造性的；爱想象补充词 【v.】梦想；想到；梦 【v.】想象，描 【v.】落下；下降；失落；放弃；终6/【n.】滴，落下，微补充词词顺道dropdrop 退学；退drop 补充词词顺道dropdrop 退学；退drop 退学；退退2011年阅读新题Notsurprisingly,uptohalfofalldoctoralstudentsinEnglishdropoutbeforetheirengage【v.】(使)从事于；(使)参加；(使)订婚；引起；吸引；聘【v.】(使)从事于；(使)参Thatis,touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseits形近engagement【n.】订婚，婚约；约会；约定；雇佣；参【n.2014年阅读TextGeorgeOsborne’sschemewasintendedtoencouragejobseekers’activeengagementinjobseeking.补充词词从事于；参engageengage 交战； 接2011年阅读Textthisyearwitharelativelyquickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaign,whichincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthe7/social-newssite 【n.】财产；资产，所有物；性social-newssite 【n.】财产；资产，所有物；性质；特【n.】财产；资2009年阅读新题Thus,inhisview,diverseaspectsofculture,suchasthestructureoffamilies,formsofmarriage,categoriesofkinship,ownershipofproperty,formsofgovernment,补充词 【n.】有用的物（或人财富；资产；财【n.2010年阅读TextTheserulessaytheymustvaluesomeassetsatthepriceathirdpartywouldpay,thepricemanagersandregulatorswouldlikethemtounemployment【n.】失业，失业人【n.2007年阅读TextThis“added-workereffect”couldsupportthesafetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.2014年阅读TextTheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainst形近【v.2014年阅读Text8/Infact,allowingnon-lawyerstoownsharesinlawfirmswouldreducecostsInfact,allowingnon-lawyerstoownsharesinlawfirmswouldreducecostsimproveservicestocustomers,byencouraginglawfirmstousetechnologyandtoemployprofessionalmanagerstofocusonimprovingfirms’efficiency. 【n.】雇主；老【n.】雇员；员employment【n.】雇用；工作补充词词 demonstrate【v.】论证；证明；显示；表明；示威游【v.2016年阅读TextButatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhencompaniesgetintotroublewithlaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemalesscostlyrespond【v.】回答；答复；响应；应【v.2013年阅读TextInFebruarytheFTCandtheDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthat形近 【adj.】负责的；有责任的；可靠2007年阅读TextFromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchthis,understandably,lookslesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmore9/afrighteningaccelerationofthewholescaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheirafrighteningaccelerationofthewholescaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiroverburdenedcorresponding【adj.】相当的，相应的一致的；通信correspondent【n.（尤指专门报道某一类新闻的）记者；通讯补充词词作为inrespondinresponse 对……做出反2011年阅读TextInrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwithexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessioninresponsetoshareholderpressure,executiveswhodon’tgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon. 【v.】负担得起；买得起；供给；给予经得起；承受得【v.】负担得2013年阅读TextVanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordnotto.【v.】承受得2014年阅读Textwork,andthattheyhavetoworkfearsomely形近unaffordable【adj.】负担不起【adj.】负担不起2013年阅读Text10/补充词词afford补充词词afford 负担得起；承受得承受2008年阅读TextForonething,theSouthcouldnotaffordtopartwithitscomplex【adj.】复杂的；合成的；综合的【n.】复合体；综合建筑【adj.】复2009年阅读TextThisincreasinglyhighlevelofeducationisprobablyanecessary,butnota【adj.】复2012年阅读TextWithinthecomplexsocialstructureofthescientificcommunity,researchersmakediscoveries;editorsandreviewersactasgatekeepersbycontrollingthepublicationprocess;otherscientistsusethenewfindingtosuittheirownpurposes;andfinally,thepublic(includingotherscientists)receivesthenewdiscoveryandpossiblyaccompanying形近 【n.】复杂；复杂性；复杂的事2009年阅读TextMorerecently,whileexamininghousingconstruction,theresearchersdiscoveredthatilliterate,non-English-speakingMexicanworkersinHouston,Texas,consistentlymetbest-practicelaborproductivitystandardsdespitethecomplexityofthebuildings补充词11/ 【adj.】复杂的；令人不解【adj.】错综复杂的；难以 【adj.】复杂的；令人不解【adj.】错综复杂的；难以理解 【adj.】复杂的；深奥微妙【v.】确保；保2007年阅读TextMothersandfatherscandoalottoensureasafelandinginearlyadulthoodfortheir【v.】确保；保2014年阅读TextWhatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor“fundamental—protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.形近intheensuingsuesb.forsueyoufor 【v.】赞成；支持；偏爱；偏 【n.】恩惠；帮助；同意；赞成；支持；偏爱；宠【n.2009overrulingpowersandtowardoffevil形近 【adj.】最喜爱的；中移动；宠爱的【n.】幸运儿；喜欢的事物；热别喜欢的【adj.】最喜爱2011年阅读Text12/Consumersmaycreate“earned”mediawhentheyare Consumersmaycreate“earned”mediawhentheyare [C]eagertohelptheirfriendspromotequality[D]enthusiasticaboutrecommendingtheirfavoritefavorable【adj.】有利的；良好的；赞成的；赞许的；讨人喜欢【adj.】赞2011年阅读TextForthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.“Hooray!Atlast!”wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic. 【adj.】不宜的；令人不快的 不喜欢的；不顺利2010年阅读Text [A]followunfavorableassetevaluation[B]collectpaymentsfromthird[C]cooperatewiththeprice[D]reevaluatesomeoftheir补充词词infavor 有利于；支持，赞赞2009年阅读新题Butanumberofanthropologistsintheearly1900salsorejectedthetheoryofcultureinfavorofnovel【n.】长篇adj.】新奇的；新13/【adj.】新2012年阅读TextSometimesyearsare【adj.】新2012年阅读TextSometimesyearsarerequiredfortrulynoveldiscoveryclaimstobeaccepted形近novelty【n.】新奇性；新颖；新奇的事 【n.】需求；要求；必要条【n.2010年阅读新题largegoodproducersandexistingwholesalers)fromtryingtheirhand,forthosethatmastertheintricaciesofwholesalinginEuropestandtoreapconsiderablegains.形近【v.2010年阅读TextSuccessfulmarketsrequireindependentandevencombativestandard-扫码关注朱伟老师微信公扫码关注小程序14/真题版恋练有词课程讲Unit 【v.】支配；控制；真题版恋练有词课程讲Unit 【v.】支配；控制；统治；占优【v.2010年阅读新题Thefunctioningofthemarketisbasedonflexibletrendsdominatedbypotential形近 【adj.】支配的；主要的；统治的占优势的；显性【adj.】支配的；主要2009年阅读新题HistoricalparticularismbecameadominantapproachtothestudyofcultureAmericananthropology,largelythroughtheinfluenceofmanystudentsof 【adj.】国内的；本国的；家里的；家庭【adj.】家里的；家庭2008年阅读TextThekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnotto 【n.】优势；主导或支配地 【adv.】支配地；主要bepredominant 占bepreoccupiedwith 【v.】招收；招募；征召；雇【n.】新兵；新手；新成【v.2012年阅读Text 15/[A]recruitprofessional[B]learnfromadvertisers’[C]stayawayfromcommercial[D][A]recruitprofessional[B]learnfromadvertisers’[C]stayawayfromcommercial[D]recognizethelimitationsofpriority【n.】优先事项；优先权；最重要的事；当务之2009年阅读TextItisstatedinparagraph1thatconstructionofaneweducation [B]takeseffortsof[C]demandspriorityfromthe[D]requiressufficientlabor tillnow迄【v.】忽视；疏2009年阅读TextTotakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeanstostartPuritans’theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch—subjectsthatwemaynot【v.】忽视；疏2011年阅读TextWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelast[C]Havingchildrenintensifiesourdissatisfactionwith16/[D]Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchild形近 【adj.】负的[D]Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchild形近 【adj.】负的；小于零的；负面【adj.】负2011年阅读TextTheauthorindicatesinParagraph3thatearnedmedia [B]canbeusedtoproducenegativeeffectsin[C]mayberesponsibleforfiercer[D]deserveallthenegativecommentsabout2012年阅读TextAnemergingbodyofresearchshowsthatpositivehealthhabits—aswell补充词词 不注意；忽beblindbeignorantowe【v.】欠（钱（债；应把...归功（于【v.】应把……归功(于2012年阅读Text补充词词17/ 由于；因oweAtoattributeA 由于；因oweAtoattributeAto【n.】财政收入，税2016年阅读TextAndthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,fromprintisstill补充词 【v.】投票；表【n.】投票；选票；选票【n.】选票；选票2008年阅读TextThethree-fifthsformulahandedJeffersonhisnarrowvictoryintheelectionof1800byinflatingthevotesofthesouthernstatesintheElectoral【n.】选票；选票2012年阅读Text【v.2012年阅读TextEnragedbyEntergy’sbehavior,theVermontSenatevoted26to4lastyearallowingan形近devoted【adj.】献身的；忠诚18/【adj.】忠2011年阅读TextDevotedconcertgoerswhoreplythat【adj.】忠2011年阅读TextDevotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstitutefor补充词词election 选举 【n.（无记名）投（无记名）【n.2011年阅读TextUnhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkids,butunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld:obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheir补充词词 伤心；悲 【n.】日常事务；例行公事；惯例；常【adj.】常规的；例行【n.】惯例；常2009年阅读TextWereachforthemmindlessly,settingourbrainsonauto-pilotandrelaxinginto19/unconsciouscomfortoffamiliar【n.】惯例；常2014unconsciouscomfortoffamiliar【n.】惯例；常2014Mostimportantly,itconstantlymodifiesandenhancesthegamesyouplaytobuildthestrengthsyouaredeveloping—muchlikea(n)effectiveexerciseroutinerequiresyoutoincreaseresistanceandvaryyourmuscleuse.形近routinely【adv.】例行地；通常2014年阅读TextToday,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarketsandself-reliance—asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectual词circularbus 循环巴士路 【adj.】不可避免的；必然发生2014年阅读TextButtheNobelFoundation’slimitofthreerecipientsperprize,eachofwhommuststillbeliving,haslongbeenoutgrownbythecollaborativenatureofmodernresearch—aswillbedemonstratedbytheinevitablerowoverwhoisignoredwhenitcomesto补充词同义unavoidable【adj】不可避免2014年阅读Text20/research,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudents’abilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesofthe形近research,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudents’abilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesofthe形近 【v.】决定；下定决心；（指委员会或集会）表决；解决（问题、疑问等分解；使分解为形近 【n.】解决；解决方法；溶液【n.】解决；解决方2014年阅读TextInthistext,theauthormainlydiscusses [A]flawedownershipofAmerica’slawfirmsandits[B]thefactorsthathelpmakeasuccessfullawyerin形近commercialized【adj.】商业化 【adj.】商业化的；商务的【n.】商业广告【n.】商业广2011年阅读TextWhiletraditional“paid”media—suchastelevisionadvertisements—stillplayamajorrole,companiestodaycanexploitmanyformsofmedia.and形近e- 【n.】电子商务【n.】电子商2010年阅读新题21/e-commerce,withlimitedsuccess,andexpansione-commerce,withlimitedsuccess,andexpansionabroad.Butalmostallignoredthebig,profitableopportunityinownbackyard:thewholesalefooddrinktrade,whichappearstobejustthekindofmarketretailersneed.Shoppingon(electronicreading)vs.shoppingindepartmentstoreSimplyandclearly,thissingle-serieschartarrangestheincreasingrateandtheturnoversofChina’son-lineshopping,whichdisplaysasteadyandsounddevelopingtrendovertheperiodfrom2006to2015.Tobeginwith,thelinechartonthetopshowstheincreasingspeedofvirtualshoppingwillslowdown,withthepeakof128.8%in2008andthenslidingcontinuallytothevalleybottomof26.8%inWhilethematurityofon-lineshoppingmarkettriggersthedropofincreases,itssales,asthebarchartbelowshows,enjoygreatandconstantriseinthecoming10years,withthemaximumin2015nearly100timesofRMB26.31billionin2006.Also,itishardlydifficulttofigureoutthattheshareofvirtualshoppingintotalconsumingmarketisstillatalowlevel.Evenwithone-decadeboom,itcanonlyreach8.6%inthemid- 【n.】环道（尤指工作时的）巡回；电路【n.】(尤指工作时的)巡2010年阅读TextInamovethathasintellectual-propertylawyersabuzz,theU.S.CourtofAppealstheFederalCircuitsaiditwoulduseaparticularcasetobusiness-methoda(使)合并；(使)融形近 【n.】结合；整合；一体化；混合；融 【adj.】整体的；完全的连成一体的；互相协调的【adj.】互相协调2009年阅读新题22/SupportersofthetheoryviewedcultureasacollectionofintegratedSupportersofthetheoryviewedcultureasacollectionofintegratedpartsthattogethertokeepasociety【v.（使）破裂（使）崩溃补充词汇词integratewith（使） 结合在一形近 【n.】(身心机能的)失调；不适；紊乱；疾病；杂乱；混乱【n.2008年阅读TextWomenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisorders2014年阅读TextTheycoulddistorttheachievement-basedsystemofpeer-review-led 扫码关注朱伟老师微信公扫码关注小程序23/2424/真题版恋练有词课程讲Unit 【adv.】极其，非常；极为(赞许)；真题版恋练有词课程讲Unit 【adv.】极其，非常；极为(赞许)；(评价)高地【adv.】极其，非2007年阅读TextTheirworkmakesaratherstartlingassertion:thetraitwecommonlycalltalenthighly补充词汇同义 【adv.】极端地；非 【v.】注意到；注意【n.】通知；通告；布告；注意；认识【v.】注2014Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theymentalclarityarenotwhattheyusedto词atonshort 在短时间内，立takenotice 同义 【n.】广告；宣传；公近义 【v.】发现；查出；测出；觉察；发到【2007年阅读TextItinvolvessettingspecificgoals,obtainingimmediatefeedbackandconcentratingmuchontechniqueasonobtainable【adj.】可获得的；可取得25/同义补充词汇近义 【v.】获得同义补充词汇近义 【v.】获得；取得；得到；(使）起源于；(使)来2010年阅读TextThesupposedimportanceofinfluentialderivesfromaplausiblesoundingbutuntestedtheorycalledthe“twostepflowofcommunication”:Informationflowsfromthemediatotheinfluentialsandfromthemtoeveryoneelse. 【v.】使具有特点；描述补充词词……2009年阅读新题Hearguedthathumanevolutionwascharacterizedbyastrugglehecalledthe“survivalofthefittest,”inwhichweakerracesandsocietiesmusteventuallybereplacedbystronger,moreadvancedracesand2012年阅读TextAccordingtothefirstparagraph,the ofdiscoveryischaracterizedby[C]logicalityand[D]systematicnessand补充词汇同义 【v.】描绘；描2014年阅读TextToday,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistory26/progressivepublicpolicythepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingorclassicalprogressivepublicpolicythepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarketsandself-reliance—asfallingoutsideboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectual 【v.】描绘；描述补充词同义 【v.】描绘；描2014年阅读TextToday,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryprogressivepublicpolicythepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarketsandself-reliance—asfallingoutsideboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectual 【v.】描绘；描述【v.】降低身份；沦2013年阅读TextInthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentsstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundher 【v.】衰落；下降；下倾；倾斜【n.】下降；下倾；衰落；拒绝；谢【v.】拒绝；谢2008年阅读TextDependingonthecommentsreceived,theeditorwouldacceptthepaperpublicationordecline补充词汇词在衰退中近义onthe 【v.】下来；下降；降低身份；沦落；(大批人)突然到来，突然造补充词汇近义 【v.】减少；减27/ 【adj.】先前的，从前的；前者；前一【pron.】 【adj.】先前的，从前的；前者；前一【pron.】两者之间的前者；【adj.】前2009Intheformercasetheeducationisincidental;itisnaturalandimportant,butitistheexpressreasonofthe 【n.】形式；形状；外形；方式；【v.】形成；组成；排列；组织；产生；塑造【v.形成；组2011年阅读新题AtHarvard,Mr.Menandnotes,“thegreatbooksarereadbecausetheyhaveread”—theyformasortofsocial【n.2012年阅读TextThisisasubtleformofpeerpressure:weunconsciouslyimitatethebehaviorweevery形近 【adj.】正式的；规范的；(服饰)；适合正式场合的；整齐的；规矩的；(通常指学教育)正规【n.】须穿礼服的舞会；晚礼服【adj.】(通常指学校教育)2009年阅读TextAlackofformaleducation,however,doesn’tconstraintheabilityoftheworld’sworkforcetosubstantiallyimproveproductivityforthe 【n.】原则；规则；方案；方法；公式，方程式【n.】规则；方2008年阅读TextThethree-fifthsformulahandedJeffersonhisnarrowvictoryintheelectionof1800byinflatingthevotesofthesouthernstatesintheElectoral 【v.】做；执行；表演【v.】做；执2009Researchonanimalintelligencealsomakesmewonderwhatexperiments28/wouldperformonhumansiftheyhadthe 【n.】演出者；表wouldperformonhumansiftheyhadthe 【n.】演出者；表演者；表现……的人【n.】表现……的2007年阅读TextEricssonandhiscolleagueshavethustakentostudyingexpertperformersina【n.】表演2011年阅读TextOnepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewthatisnotyetavailableonperformance【n.】执行；履行；表演；行为；业绩；性能【n.】业2009年阅读TextTheU.S.workforcewasderidedaspoorlyeducatedandoneofprimarycauseof【n.2011年阅读TextDevotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteperformative【adj.】表述行为形近 【n.】形成；养成；创建；创造；编队；列队【n.2009年阅读TextTheresearchershavediscoveredthattheformationofhabitcanbe [A][B][C][D]reformatory【adj.改革作用的；感化的【n.】(少年犯)管教 【adj.】了解情况的；见多识广的【adj.】见多识广29/2010年阅读TextInhisbookTheTippingPoint,MalcolmGladwellarguesthatsocial2010年阅读TextInhisbookTheTippingPoint,MalcolmGladwellarguesthatsocialepidemicsaredriveninlargepartbytheactingofatinyminorityofspecialindividuals,oftencalled【adj.】了解情况2007Thebetterinformedtheyareaboutthewaythestateworks,thebettertheirwill【adj.】见多识广2014年阅读TextBecauserepresentativegovernmentpresupposesaninformedcitizenry,thereportsupportsfullliteracy;stressesthestudyofhistoryandgovernment,particularly 【adj.】提供情报的；增长见闻的；增长知识 【adv.】非正式地；不拘礼节【v.】符合；遵守；遵从；一致；相吻合；顺 【n.】符合；一致；遵从；遵 【n.】不墨守成规者；新教徒【adj.】不墨守成规的；不遵循主流思想形近 【n.】转换；转变；变形；改 【v.】系统阐述；明确表达；规划 策划；构 【n.】(想法的)阐述方式，表达方法(政策、计划等的)制定；构 【adj.】未被通知的；知识(或信息)贫乏的；未受教育的；不明情况 【n.】(常指有意提供的)假消息；错误信息；误报；错误信uniformity【n.】一致(性)；统一(性30/formidable【adj.】可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的；强formidable【adj.】可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的；强大的【adj.】令人敬畏补充词汇同义 【adj.】先前的；以前的【adj.】先2013Dr.Simonsohnfoundifthescoreofthepreviouscandidateinadailyseriesofintervieweeswas0.75pointsormorehigherthanthatoftheonebeforethat,thenthescoreforthenextapplicantwoulddropbyanaverageof0.075 Tommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimes,calls 【adj.】巨大的；大量的；辽阔的；巨额形近 【adv.】极大地；广大地；深远地【adv.】极大2010年阅读TextItwasbanksthatwereonthewrongwithaccountsthatvastly 【adj.】毁灭性的；极具破坏力的【adj.】极具破坏力2008年阅读TextThewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbe形近 【adj.】有效的；生效的；实际的【adj.】有2007年阅读新题Assignresponsibilitiesaroundthehouseandmakesurehomeworkdeadlinesaremet.Encourageteenagerstotakeapart-timejob.Kidsneedplentyofpracticedelayinggratificationanddeployingeffectiveorganizationalskills,suchasmanagingtimeandsetting 【adj.】有效的；生效的；实际的【adj.】有31/2007年阅读新题Assignresponsibilitiesaroundthehouse2007年阅读新题Assignresponsibilitiesaroundthehouseandmakesurehomeworkdeadlinesaremet.Encourageteenagerstotakeapart-timejob.Kidsneedplentyofpracticedelayinggratificationanddeployingeffectiveorganizationalskills,suchasmanagingtimeandsetting形近 【n.】效果；结果；影响【v.】使发生；实现【v.】实2013年阅读TextThoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactlaborandtheenvironment—includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline—Clinebelieveslastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer. 【n.】有力；有效性【n.】有2012年阅读TextButonthegeneraleffectivenessofthesocialcure,Rosenbergisless 【adv.】有效地；生效地；有力地；实际2011年阅读TextWedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrend,whichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancy,effectivelybeganwithretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgo【adv.】有2014年阅读TextToencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcallsforincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudents’abilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesofthe 【n.】无用的人；无一技之长者【adj.】无效的，不起作用的；徒劳无益32/ 【adj.】无效的，不起作用 【adj.】效率高 【adj.】无效的，不起作用 【adj.】效率高的；效能高的【adj.】效率高2013Althoughe-moneymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemoreefficientthanpaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorsworkagainstthedisappearanceofthepapersystem.justify【v.】证 是正当的；认为有理【adj.】合理的(此处为justify的形容词形式2012年阅读TextThecompany,amajorenergysupplierinNewEngland,provokedjustifiedoutrageVermontlastweekwhenitannounceditwasrenegingonalongstandingcommitmenttoabidebythestrictnuclearregulations.补充词汇近义2013年阅读TextHowever,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbeallowedtoverifythestatusofpeoplewhocomeincontactwithlaw【v.】证实；确 【v.】躺；平放；位于【n.】谎话；谎言【n.】谎话；谎2009年阅读Text“That’saliethatwehaveperpetuated,anditfosterscommonness.Knowingyou’regoodatanddoingevenmoreofitcreates形近underlie【v.】位于或存在于（某物）之下；构成……的基础(或起因)；引 【adj.】潜在的；根本的；在下面33/补充词汇词lie 在于；位liewith 是某人的责任;取决补充词汇词lie 在于；位liewith 是某人的责任;取决于；在Itlieswithyoutomakethefinal 【v.（使）困惑；(使)为难【n.】难题；谜；令人困惑的事物【v.】(使)困2009年阅读TextThestoryofJohnDaneshowsthatlesswell-educatedNewEnglanderswere [A]influencedby[C]puzzledbychurch[D]frustratedwithfamily形近puzzlement【n.】迷惑；困惑；谜；费puzzled【adj.】困惑的；茫然adj.】困惑的；茫然2011年阅读Text [A][B][C][D]补充词汇同义 【v.】满足；使满意；说服【v.】满足；使满2007年阅读新题Evenifajob’sstartingsalaryseemstoosmalltosatisfyanemergingadult’sneedforrapidcontent,thetransitionfromschooltoworkcanbelessofasetbackifthestart-upadultisreadyforthemove.34/形近 【adj.】感到满意的【adj.】满2011年阅读TextItissuggested形近 【adj.】感到满意的【adj.】满2011年阅读TextItissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks [A]areconstantlyexposedto[B]arelargelyignoredbythe[C]failtofulfilltheirsocial[D]arelesslikelytobesatisfied【adj.】不满意的；不愉快的；不高兴 【n.】不满足；不满意；令人不满意的事补充词汇词besatisfied对……满对……补充词汇近义 【v.】实现；履行(诺言等)；执行；完成满足；使满意【v.2010年阅读TextItisthewriters’dutytofulfilljournalistic 【n.】备料；库存；现货；股票；公债【v.】储存【n.2007年阅读TextSteelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoaremillionsoffamilieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andharshrealitythattheymayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.Itisthewriters’dutytofulfilljournalisticgoals.补充词汇词stock股股stock35/laughing 笑 【n.】争论；争辩【v.】辩论laughing 笑 【n.】争论；争辩【v.】辩论；争论；思考【v.】辩论；争2007年阅读TextScholars,policymakers,andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocialofthesechanges,butfewhavelookedatthesideeffect:familyriskhasrisenas近义 【n.】辩论；争 【n.】辩论；争l 【.（地位）相当的人；对等的事物【v.胜任的【adj.等于【adj.】同样的；相等的2008年阅读TextInseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthe形近 【adv.】相等地；平等地；同样地【adv.】同样2011年阅读新题Equallyunsurprisingly,onlyabout endupwithprofessorshipsforwhichenteredgraduate 【v.】使相等；视为平等；等同equality【n.】等同性；平等；同【n.2007Theidealsoftheearlyleadersofindependencewereoftenegalitarian,36/equalityof形近equivalent 【adj.】等值的；相等的；等同的【.】等同物；等值物；对应物【aj.】相等的；equalityof形近equivalent 【adj.】等值的；相等的；等同的【.】等同物；等值物；对应物【aj.】相等的；等同的2011年阅读TextInasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation,isitanywonderthatequivocal 【adv.】常常；频繁地【adv.】常常；频繁2012年阅读TextButintheeverydaypracticeofscience,discoveryfrequentlyfollowsanandcomplicated【adv.】常常；频繁2012年阅读TextSecond,noveltyitselffrequentlyprovokesdisbelief.NobelLaureateandAlbertSzent-Györgyionceandthinkingwhatnobodyhasdiscoveryas“seeingwhateverybody形近 【v.】常到；时常出入于；常去【adj.】时常发生的；频繁的【adj.】频2008年阅读TextAccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobe [A]domesticand[B]irregularand[C]durableand[D]trivialand【adj.】频繁2013年阅读TextQuickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentreleases,and37/补充词汇近义 【adv.】反复地；重复地；再三补充词汇近义 【adv.】反复地；重复地；再三地【adv.】再2012年阅读TextPoliticianshaverepeatedly“backloaded”public-sectorpaydeals,keepingthepayincreasesmodestbutaddingtoholidaysandespeciallypensionsthatarealready 【adj.】普遍的；全体的；通用的；宇宙的；世界形近