2023年人教版高考英语总复习第一部分教材考点指导 必修 第三册 Unit 4Space Eploration

Unit4SpaceExploration

o----------step1外刊一读・培兼文化意谓c

♦主题语境人与自

然

China'sLandingOntheMoon中国登月

♦课标话题地球与

Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarside

ofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probetoucheddownlastweekinthe宇宙奥秘探索

SouthPole-Aitkenbasin.

♦思维品质探索外

Landingonthemoon'sfarsideisextremelychallenging.Becausethe

太空和宇宙一直是

moon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirst

hadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotwhereitcouldsend人类的梦想。文章

signalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisof

能够引起学生对未

particularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山)，

知领域的向往和对

morethanthefamiliarnearside.

无尽世界的思索,

ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-4to

findandstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin."Thisreallyexcites从而激发他们的学

scientists,“CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,

习欲望和动力。

"becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthe

♦对接教材

moonisconstructed.Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow

muchiceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether必修第三册

itsplansfbrafuturelunarbasearepractical.Unit4Space

♦外刊概要这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的登月活动。中国成为了Exploration

世界上第一个发送航天器登陆月球背面的国家.这将激励无数的中国人选择性必修第四

去探索未知的宇宙，从而更好地造福人类。册

Unit3Sea

Exploration

♦I.—词多义(composition)

1.Scientistsstudythecompositionofthesoil.构成

2.Hereisthereportofchemicalcompositioninspection.成分；组成部分

3.Hehandedhiscompositiontotheteacher.作文

4.Mozart'scompositionsareundoubtedlyamongsttheworld'sgreatest.

乐曲；作品

♦II.佳句仿写

1.他们是首批登上月球的人。(landon)

Theywerethefirstment。landonthemoon.

2.警报器一响，就是要所有人离开大楼。(signal)

Thesirenwasasignalforeveryonetoleavethebuilding.

o―Step2考点突破二素菽迨1靛jjO

【I重点单词】巧积词汇

1.determinevt.查明；确定；决定

►教材重温However,somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamto

explorespace.(P40)

然而，一些科学家决心帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。

，语境速测单句语法填空

①Theoutcomeofthiselectionwillbedetermined(determine)bythevotesandbythelaw.

②WeshouldovercomeourweaknessesandfearswithcourageanddetermiKation(determine).

③Wearedetermined(determine)torescuehistwocountrymen.

@1havedeterminedon/uponworkingasavolunteerteacherinthecountrysideaftergraduation.

a词块必记

(l)determinetodosth.决心做某事

determineon/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事

(2)determinedadj.有决心的，意志坚定的

bedeterminedtodosth.下定决心做某事

bedeterminedthat...决心……

(3)determinationn.决定，确定

＞写作金句

Heisdeterminedtogetaheadofothersinstudies,soheworksdayandnight.

他决心在学习上胜过别人，所以他日夜努力。

2.arguevt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论

►典型彳列句Idon'twanttoarguewithyou-justdoit!

我不想和你争辩，干吧！

，语境速测单句语法填空

①Ithasbeenargued(arRue)bysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclassesin

thepastfewyears.

②InthisarticleIwillpointoutsomefurtherexplanations,andargueforoneofthem.

③Twaindrewhisreadersintotheargument(argue)bydrawingthemintothestory.

④MrKingarguedagainstsmoking,andinsistedthatitwasbeyondargumentthatsmokingwas

harmfultohealth.

完成句子

⑤Thecommitteeisconcernedaboutplayers5behaviour,especiallyarzuinqwith(与...争吵)

referees.

⑥We'dliketoaskyoutohelpussettleanargumeiit(解决一场争论).

，词块必记

(l)arguewithsb.about/oversth.与某人争论某事

arguefor/against(doing)sth.据理力争/反对某事

arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事

arguethat...主张/争辩说……

(2)argumentn.争论；争吵;论点

haveanargumentwithsb.与某人争吵/争论

beyondargument无可争辩

＞熟词生义

Theselatestdevelopmentsargueachangeingovernmentpolicy.

最近的事态发展表明政府改变了政策。（证明，表明）

►写作金句AndwhatIargueistheseareourvalues,theseareideals,thesearethethingswe

lookupto.

我要说明的是，这些是我们的价值观，是理想，是我们所向往的。

3.disappointedadj.失望的;沮丧的

>典型彳列句Onebyone,theapplicantslefttheinterview'sofficewithdisappointedlooksonthe

faces.

求职者一个接一个地面带失望的表情离开了面试办公室。

，语境速测单句语法填空

①TomydisaDDointment(disappoint),theyrefusedmyrequest.

②Wewerealldisappointedat/with/aboutthenewsthatourpicnicwascancelledbecauseofthe

rain.

③Theauthorfeelsdisappointed(disappoint)aboutthesolutionstotheproblem.

完成句子

@TheoutcomeofthecourtcasewasdisaDCointinc(是令人失望的)forthefamilyinvolved.

⑤Whatdisappointedme(使我失望的是)wasthatIfailedtopassthetest.

＞词块必记

(l)bedisappointedat/with/aboutsth.对某事失望

bedisappointedin/withsb.对某人感到失望

(2)disappointingadj.令人失望的；令人扫兴的

(3)disappoint位.使失望

(4)disappointment儿失望；沮丧

toone'sdisappointment令某人失望的是

4.attachvt.系；绑；贴

►典型例句IhavenochoicebuttobotheryoutocorrectmymistakesinthematerialIattachtothe

letter.

我别无选择，只有麻烦你修改一下我附在信后的材料。

，语境速测单句语法填空

©Onreturninghome,shefoundanoteattached(attach)tothedoor,reading“Callinlater”.

②Justasthissentencereveals,manyofusteenagersattachmuchimportancetoourphonesthan

toourfriends.

③Theboyisnowstudyinginthemiddleschoolattached(attach)tothenormaluniversity.

句式升级

④Heissoattachedtothenetworkgamesthatheoftenplaystruant.(过去分词短语作状语改写)

—>Attachedt。thenetworkgamessomuch,heoftenplaystruant.

，词块必记

(l)attachsth.tosth.把...附在...上

attachimportance/significanceto

重视，认为……重要/有意义

⑵attached.(作表语)附属于；依恋

beattachedto附属于；依恋

⑶attachment几附属物；爱嘉依恋

5.lackvi.&vt.缺乏；没有n.缺乏

►典型彳列句Theylackphysicalexerciseandtheskilltocommunicatewiththeirfriendsfacetoface.

他们缺乏体能锻炼和面对面与朋友们交际的能力。

b语境速测单句语法填空

①Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace.

②Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.

句式升级

③Helackstheconfidenceinhisstudy,whichaccountsforwhyhemakeslittleprogress.(动词

-ing形式作主语改写)

—Lackingtheconfidenceinhisstudyaccountsforwhyhemakeslittleprogress.

，词块必记

(l)forlackof因缺乏....

alackof缺乏....

(2)lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的

belackingin缺少....

兽1【备选要点】

beyondprep.在更远处；超出

►典型彳列句Ispentmychildhoodworking,withresponsibilitiesbeyondmyage.

我的童年是在工作中度过的，承担着与年龄不相符的责任。

，语境速测单句语法填空

©Elizabethhasalreadyachievedsuccessbeyondherwildestdreams.

②Suchtestisfarbeyondtheabilityoftheaverageschoolkid.

完成句子

©Everybodywastouchedbeyondwords（无以言表）aftertheyheardhermovingstory.

④It'squitebevondme（超出我的理解能力）whysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.

＞词块必记

bebeyondsb.使某人无法想象（或理解、做等）

beyondbelief不可直信

beyondcontrol无法控制

beyonddescription难以形容

beyondendurance难以忍受

beyondexpectation出乎意料

beyondhope没有指望

，写作金句

Ithadbeenasuccessfarbeyondtheirexpectations.

成功之大远远超过他们的预期。

【口核心短语】妙积词块

6.resultin导致；造成

►典型彳列句Researchhasshownthathavingapreferenceforjunkfoodcanresultinobesity.

研究表明，偏爰垃圾食品会导致肥胖。

，语境速测单句语法填空

©Ilearnedthatshoutingandthreatsofpunishmentwouldresultinadisaster.

②Asaresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.

③Jennynearlymissedtheflightasaresultofdoingtoomuchshopping.

＞词块必记

asaresultof由于（后跟原因）

resultfrom起因，由于（后跟原因）

withtheresultthat...结果

withoutresult毫无结果

＞写作金句

Competitioncanbehealthy,butifitispushedtoofaritcanresultinbullying.

竞争可以是良性的，但如果被推向极端，就会导致恃强凌弱。

7.runout用完；耗尽

►典型例句Inthefuture,carefortheenvironmentwillbecomeveryimportantasearth'snatural

resourcesrunout.在未来，爱护环境将变得很重要，因为地球的自然资源濒临枯竭。

＞语境速测完成句子

①Ourfoodisrunningout,sowemustbuysometoday.

我们的食物快没有了，因此今天我们必须买一些。

②Shehasrunoutof/usedupallhermoneyandherpatienceisalsorunningout.

她已经把钱花光了，并且她也越来越没有耐心了。

③Don'tuseupallthesoap.Leavemesometowashwith.不要把肥皂都用完了。留一些给我

用。

④Afteramonth,theirfoodsuppliesgaveout.

一个月以后，他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。

，词块必记

runoutof及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般为人

runout不及物动词短语，主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等（常用进行时表将来）

useup用尽；吃光（及物动词短语，人作主语）

giveout用完，耗尽（不及物动词短语）

爵【备选要点】

soasto（dosth.）为了；以便

，语境速测完成句子

①Hisparentsworkhardeverydaysoasto/inordertocivethemabetterlife（为了给他们更好的

生活）.

②Inordertomakesure（为了确保）allofusareingoodhealth,ourmummakesspecificplans

forus.

③TheWorldAdolescentRoboticscompetitionwillbeheldinTianjinattheendofJulysoasto/io

ordertopromote（为了促进）thedevelopmentofrobotics.

句型转换

©Theygotupearlythismorningsoastocatchthefirsttrain.

Theygotupearlythismorningsothattheycouldcatchthefirsttrain.

Theygotupearlythismorninginorderthattheycouldcatchthefirsttrain.

，词块必记

（l）soastodosth.为了；以便;引导目的状语，只位于句中。

inordertodosth.为了；以便；引导目的状语，既可位于句首，也可位于句中。

⑵inorderthat/sothat...引导目的状语从句。

【ID经典句型】速积表达

8.Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.

首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。

►典型例句Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertshascausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.在

摇滚音乐会上听很吵的音乐已经造成了一些青少年的听力丧失。

＞句型公式

exploringspace是动名词短语，在句中作主语。

动名词作主语有以下几种常见情况：

⑴位于句首作主语。

⑵用it作形式主语，把动名词（真正主语）置于句尾作后置主语。常用于“Itisnousedoing...",

“Itisnogooddoing.“Itisawasteoftimedoing...”等句型中。

⑶动名词的复合结构作主语。当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或

代词的所有格作动名词的逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构。

，语境速测完成句子

①Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.他们来帮忙对我们是极大的鼓励。

②Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.

劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。

＞写作金句

①WatchingnewsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.

在电视上看新闻成了我的常规之事。

©Learningtothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday'schildrenwillneedforthefuture.

学会批判性思考是当代小孩未来所必需的一项重要技能。

【备选要点】

Mankindisexploringspaceinthehopeoffindingoutmoreabouttheuniverse.

人类正在探索太空，希望能更多地了解宇宙。

►典型例句Icalledearlyinthehopeofcatchingherbeforeshewenttowork.

我很早就打了个电话，希望在她上班之前找到她。

句型公式

inthehopeof...意为“抱着...的希望”,其后接doingsth.作宾语。还可写成:inhopesof...,

inthehopethat...,that引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明hope的具体内容。

，语境速测单句语法填空

①Thepolicearecarryingouthouse-to-houseenquiriesinthehopeoffinding(find)themissing

girl.

②Thereporterwantedtotakehisfathertotravelinthehopethathisfathercouldfindhisyounger

selfinhislastdays.

(3)1wroteanemailtomyuncleinthehopeofgetting(get)hishelpandsupport.

句型转换

@1lentsomemoneytoJohnson,hopingthatIcanhelphimoutoftrouble.

—IlentsomemoneytoJohnson,inthehopethatIcanhelphimoutoftrouble.

—IlentsomemoneytoJohnson,inthehopeofhelpinghimoutoftrouble.

o----------Step3一阶特训・提升学习能力9

[I单句语法填空】知识为基

1.Infact,ratsareveryintelligent(intel1igence)andtheycanbetrainedtodosomeamazing

things.

2.Thedeterminedfdetermine)lookonherfacesuggestedthatmysisterwouldn'tchangehermind.

3.Thefailureintheend-of-termexaminationmadeJacksonquitedisappointed(disappoint).

4.Studentscangoonlinetogetknowledgeforthemselves,thisstrengtheningtheirabilityof

independentindependence)learning.

5.1havetwoveryactivesons,andtheyeasilygetinargument(argue)witheachother.

6.SomemachinelearningexpertssaidthesystemshowedChina9slatestprogressinvoice

recognition,text-to-speechtechnologyanddataanalysis(analyse).

7.Ifkidsexerciseregularly(regular)throughtheirschoolyears,theymaybemorelikelyto

exerciseasadults,whichcouldhaveagoodeffectonhumanhealthandwell-being.

8.Thereisalsoarestaurantcar,thoughthekindsoffoodarelirnited(limit).

9.Thoughlacking(lack)experience,Johnsonmanagedtocompletethedifficulttask.

【II选填短语】能力为重

carryon,onboard,figureout,resultin,asaresult,providefbr,inclosing,anumberof,

bedeterminedto,focuson

1.Therobotcanhelphimcommunicatewithusalotmore,whenwecan'tfigureoutexactly

whatheneeds.

2.ItisreportedthatanumberofrunnerswilltakepartintheracethisSunday.

3.HebecameaMessengerofPeacein2013,focusinconglobaleducation.

4.Apowerfultyphoonhitthetownlastweekend,resultingintendeaths.

5.Theotherstudentsleftthelab,butJanestayedandcarriedonwiththeexperiment.

6.Alicecan'tleavethecompany,becausesheneedsherworktoprovidefarherfamily.

7.Aslongaswearedeterminedt。riseabovedifficultcircumstances,lifecanbehopefuland

colorful.

8.ItwasinSeptemberof1620whentheirshipcalledthe"Mayflower"leftportwith102men,

women,andchildrenonboard.

9.Indosine,Iwouldliketotakethechancetoexpressmythankstomyparents.

10.Thefoodandserviceareveryexcellent.Asaresult,moreandmorepeoplecometohis

restaurant.

【印句式仿写】价值引领

1.Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace,andon12April1961,Yuri

Gagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.

仿写：谁是世界上第一个登上月球的人？

Wh。wasthe行rstpersonintheworldtolandonthemoon?

2.Thisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethe

hugerisks.

仿写：托尼被认为是英雄。那是因为他从