高三英语二轮复习外刊阅读热点话题培优练7：社会现象

外刊阅读热点话题培优练7社会现象Ⅰ.阅读理解AccordingtoastudydonebyUniversityofMichigan,shoppingtoreducestresswas40timesmoreeffectiveatgivingpeopleasenseofcontrolandshopperswerethreetimeslesssadthanthoseonlylookingatitems.Morethanhalfofthe1，000consumerssurveyedbyCreditKarma,headresearcherofthestudy,saidtheyhaveshoppedtodealwithfeelingsofstressordepression.About48percentofmenand31percentofwomenwhohavestressshoppingsaidtheyhadpurchasedalcoholwhenstressed.About82percentofwomenspendonclothingcomparedto52percentofmen.Womenalsoleadshoppingforjewellery,42percent,comparedto22percentformen.Insomesense,stressshoppingcanactuallyhelpyouliveahealthierlifebymakingsurethatyourbloodpressureislowered.Thesurveyfound82percenthadonlypositivefeelingsabouttheirpurchasesandthatthepositivemoodwaslong－lasting.However,stressshopping,formany,couldgrowintoadrivethatusesupmoney,causesconflict,andthereforeaddsgreatstresstolife.Despitethein－timejoyfrompurchases,stressshoppingneverprovesalong－lastingcuretostressordepression.Actuallyitneedstobeavoidedanyhow.Whetheryou’repurchasingpresentsorbuyinggroceries，havingtheitemsyouneedwrittendownwillprovideyouwithbrightnesswhileshopping.Rewardyourselfforstickingtoyourlistandyou’llbemorelikelytocommittoit.Inaddition,alwaysthinkaboutwhatyoustrugglewithmostfinancially.Doyouspendtoomuchmoneyatthemall?Eatingout?Vacations?Makealistofwhereyourmoneyisgoingandtakenecessarystepstoresistyourdesire.Forexample,ifyouspendtoomuchmoneyondiningoutonweekends,stuffyourcupboardwithfoodonFriday.Soyou’llbemorelikelytostayinandcook.Andyouneedtogiveuptheneedtokeepupwithothers.Everyone’sfinancialsituationisdifferentandcomparisonmayleadtodebtanddissatisfactionwithwhatyoualreadyhave.1.WhydoestheauthormentionthosenumbersinParagraph2?A.Tosupportanidea. B.Toattractreaders.C.Tocallforactions. D.Tointroduceatopic.2.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpdealwithstressshopping?A.Stimulatingdesires. B.Recordingspending.C.Turningtomedicines. D.Comparingwithothers.3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetostressshopping?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful.C.Objective. D.Negative.4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Doesshoppingbenefitus?B.Morestressed,womenormen?C.Shouldwecomparewithothers?D.Canstressshoppingreducestress?Weallknowthatunpleasantfeelingwhenwe’retalkingaboutsomethinginterestingandhalfwaythroughoursentencewe’reinterrupted.Butwasthatreallyaninterruption?Theanswerdependsonwhomyouask，accordingtonewresearchledbyKatherineHiltonfromStanfordUniversity.Usingasetofcontrolledaudioclips(录音片段)，Hiltonsurveyed5，000AmericanEnglishspeakerstobetterunderstandwhataffectspeople’sperceptionsofinterruptions.Shehadparticipantslistentoaudioclipsandthenanswerquestionsaboutwhetherthespeakersseemedtobefriendlyandengaged,listeningtooneanother,ortryingtointerrupt.HiltonfoundthatAmericanEnglishspeakershavedifferentconversationalstyles.Sheidentifiedtwodistinctgroups:highandlowintensityspeakers.Highintensityspeakersaregenerallyuncomfortablewithmomentsofsilenceinconversationandconsidertalkingatthesametimeasignofengagement.Lowintensityspeakersfinditrudetotalkatthesametimeandpreferpeopletospeakoneafteranotherinconversation.Thedifferencesinconversationalstylesbecameevidentwhenparticipantslistenedtoaudioclipsinwhichtwopeoplespokeatthesametimebutwereagreeingwitheachotherandstayedontopic,Hiltonsaid.Thehighintensitygroupreportedthatconversationswherepeoplespokeatthesametimewhenexpressingagreementwerenotinterruptivebutengagedandfriendlierthantheconversationswithmomentsofsilenceinbetweenspeakingturns.Incontrast,thelowintensitygroupperceivedanyamountofsimultaneous(同时的)chatasarudeinterruption,regardlessofwhatthespeakersweresaying.“Peoplecareaboutbeinginterrupted,andthosesmallinterruptionscanhaveamassiveeffectontheoverallcommunication，”Hiltonsaid.“Breakingapartwhataninterruptionmeansisessentialifwewanttounderstandhowhumansinteractwitheachother.”5.WhatdoesHilton’sresearchfocuson?A.Whatinterruptionsmeantopeople.B.Whetherinterruptionsaregoodornot.C.Howtoavoidgettinginterrupted.D.Whyspeakersinterrupteachother.6.Whatdoparticipantsofthestudyneedtodo?A.Recordanaudioclip.B.Answersomequestions.C.Listentooneanother.D.Haveachatwithafriend.7.Whatdolowintensityspeakersthinkofsimultaneouschat?A.It’simportant. B.It’sinteresting.C.It’sinefficient. D.It’simpolite.8.WhatcanwelearnfromHilton’sresearch?A.Humaninteractioniscomplex.B.Communicationisthebasisoflife.C.Interruptionspromotethinking.D.Languagebarrierswillalwaysexist.Ⅱ.七选五Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip,avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall,thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld’scivilization,gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.__1__Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew,ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific?__2__There,youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired!Museumsareafantasticplacetolearnaboutaregion’shistory,scientificachievements,majorculturalevents,andofcourse,dinosaurs.Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts,industrialinnovationsandanythingthatinspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.__3__Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat,museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities,interactiveandknowledge－based.Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren’taburdenontaxrevenue(税收)oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.__4__Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726,000jobsinAmerica.Museumsshapecommunities.Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedheritageiscelebratedandacollectiveidentityisformed.Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.__5__A.Museumsbringoutthebestqualitiesinchildren.B.Museumsoftendeliverkids－centeredexhibitions.C.Instead,theygeneratefundingandfuelemployment.D.Then,visitalocalmuseumtolearnaboutthatsubject.E.Evenshoppingatthegiftshopthereisanopportunityforconnections.F.Onthecontrarytheyconsumeasmallpercentageofcityfundsannually.G.Thefact,however,isthatmuseumsoffermagicalbenefitsinmanyways.Ⅲ.语法填空Mininghasseenupsanddownsbuttraditionalcondiments(调味料)continuetoappeal.AnymentionofZigong,SichuanProvince,remindspeople1.____________itssaltproductionandthisis2.____________importantsourceofrevenue(财政收入).Thecity,about200kilometersfromChengdu,hasahistoryofminingsalt3.____________(stretch)back2，000years.ThesaltwassoldalloverSichuanandotherprovinces,andwasconsumedbyone－tenthofChina’spopulation.Thesaltisfromwells.Oneofthem，theShenhaiwell,wasopenedin1835,andisstillin4.____________(operate).Withadepthof1，001.42meters,itisamongtheworld’sdeepestofitskindand5.____________(current)producesaround2，000kilogramsofsaltperday.Visitorstothewellcanbuypacksofiodine－freesalt6.____________(mine)justthreedaysearlier.But,duringSpringFestival,7.____________endswiththeLanternFestivalonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth—fallingonSundaythisyear—morepeoplefromaroundthecountryflocktoZigong8.____________(view)itsworld－famouslanterns.ViewinglanternsbecameaSpringFestivalcustominZigongduringtheTangDynasty.Sincethen,the9.___________(city)lanternshowhasbeenheldinmorethan70countriesandregionsaroundtheworld,becomingacallingcardofbothZigongandChina.Thepopularshow10.____________(start)fromtheeconomicdilemmainthe1980s,whenZigong’seconomyover－relyingonasingleproductbecameaproblem.A篇Para.1：effectiveadj.产生预期结果的，有效的；实际的Para.2：depressionn.抑郁，沮丧Para.3：pressuren.压力，挤压conflictn.争执，争论，冲突useup用光，耗尽Para.4：stickto坚持；粘住B篇Para.1：interruptv.插嘴；打扰；打岔Para.2：perceptionn.看法，见解；知觉，感知Para.3：conversationaladj.谈话的，会话的Para.4：regardlessof不管；不顾；不理会Para.5：interactv.交流，沟通，合作；相互影响，相互作用A篇译文：无论你是在买礼物还是买食品杂货，把你需要的东西写下来都会让你在购物时头脑清醒。B篇译文：Hilton说，当参与者听两个人同时说话但彼此同意且不离题的录音片段时，对话风格的差异变得很明显。参考答案Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。虽然压力购物可以降低血压，保持积极持久的情绪，但是压力购物可能会发展成一种消耗金钱、引起冲突的冲动，因此给生活增加了巨大的压力。1.A[写作意图题。通读第二段可知，这些数字是为了说明很多人通过购物来应付压力。]2.B[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Whetheryou’repurchasing...brightnesswhileshopping”可知，无论你是在买礼物还是买食品杂货，把你需要的东西写下来都会让你在购物时头脑清醒。据此可知，可以用记录支出的方法帮助应付压力购物。]3.D[观点态度题。根据第三段中的“However，stressshopping...stresstolife”可知，对许多人来说，压力购物可能会发展成一种消耗金钱、引起冲突的冲动，因此给生活增加了巨大的压力。根据第四段中的“Despitethein－timejoy...stressordepression”可知，尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法。据此可推知，作者对于压力购物的态度是否定的。]4.D[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和第四段中的“Despitethein－time...stressordepression”可知，密歇根大学的一项研究表明，通过购物来减压能给人40倍的控制感，购物的人比只看东西(不买)的人少三倍的悲伤。尽管购物能带来及时的快乐，但压力购物从来没有被证明是一种长期治愈压力或抑郁的方法。据此可知，本文主要讨论压力购物是否能减轻压力。]【语篇解读】本文是说明文。为了更好地了解是什么影响了人们对被打断的看法，研究人员进行了实验，最后得出结论：谈话被打断是否是一种干扰取决于提问的对象。5.A[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Usingasetof...perceptionsofinterruptions”和第四段中的“Thehighintensitygroup...thespeakersweresaying”可知，Hilton的研究焦点在于打断对人们来讲意味着什么。同时，高强度组和低强度组对打断的看法也说明了这一点。]6.B[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shehadparticipantslistentoaudioclipsandthenanswerquestions...tryingtointerrupt”可知，她让参与者听录音片段，然后回答一些问题。]7.D[细节理解题。根据第四段中“thelowintensitygroupperceived...weresaying”可知，低强度说话者觉得同时说话很粗鲁，不管说话者说的内容是什么。]8.A[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，人们很在意被打断，而那些小小的打断会对整个交流产生巨大的影响，如果想要了解人们如何与其他人交流，分解打断的含义是必不可少的。由此可见，人类的交流是复杂的。]Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了参观博物馆的好处。1.G[空前讲到了对于那些计划去旅行的人来说参观博物馆可能不是首选，并说明了原因，然而下文讲的却都是参观博物馆的好处，因此，空处应该会形成转折，讲述博物馆好处众多，值得一去，故G项符合语境。]2.D[空前一句提出了问题“你对什么特定的事物感兴趣吗？”，因此，空处应该会回答问题，提供解决方案。D项“那么，你可以参观当地的博物馆来了解那个事物”符合语境，且句中的“thatsubject”呼应上一句中的“somethingspecific”，故D项符合语境。]3.B[本空为段落主旨句。根据文章结构和其他段段首句可以看出，正确选项应为A或者B。根据本段中的“withthemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons”可知，本段讲到的应该是博物馆会举办以儿童为中心的活动，而不是激发出孩子的良好素质，故B项适合作本段的主旨句。]4.C[根据空前的“Museumsaren’taburdenontaxrevenue(