通信工程中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)外文:StructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51seriesStructureandfunctionoftheMCS-51seriesone-chipcomputerMCS-51isanameofapieceofone-chipcomputerserieswhichIntelCompanyproduces.Thiscompanyintroduced8top-gradeone-chipcomputersofMCS-51seriesin1980afterintroducing8one-chipcomputersofMCS-48seriesin1976.Itbelongtoalotofkindsthislineofone-chipcomputerthechipshave,suchas8051,8031,8751,80C51BH,80C31BH,etc.,theirbasiccomposition,basicperformanceandinstructionsystemareallthesame.8051dailyrepresentatives-51serialone-chipcomputer.Anone-chipcomputersystemismadeupofseveralfollowingparts:(1)Onemicroprocessorof8(CPU).(2)AtslicedatamemoryRAM(128B/256B),itusedtodepositingnotcanreading/datathatwrite,suchasresultnotmiddleofoperation,finalresultanddatawantedtoshow,etc.(3)ProcedurememoryROM/EPROM(4KB/8KB),isusedtopreservetheprocedure,someinitialdataandforminslice.ButdoesnottakeROM/EPROMwithinsomeone-chipcomputers,suchas8031,8032,80C,etc..(4)Four8runsidebysideI/OinterfaceP0fourP3,eachmouthcanuseasintroduction,mayuseasexportingtoo.(5)Twotimer/counter,eachtimer/countermaysetupandcountintheway,usedtocounttotheexternalincident,cansetupintoatimingwaytoo,andcanaccordingtocountorresultoftimingrealizetheontrolofthecomputer.(6)Fivecutoffcuttingoffthecontrolsystemofthesource.(7)OneallduplexserialI/OmouthofUART(universalasynchronousreceiver/transmitter(UART)),isitrealizeone-chipcomputerorone-chipcomputerandserialcommunicationofcomputertousefor.(8)Stretchoscillatorandclockproducecircuit,quartzcrystalfinelytuneelectriccapacityneedouter.Allowoscillationfrequencyas12nowatmost.Everytheabove-mentionedpartwasjoinedthroughtheinsidedatabus.Amongthem,CPUisacoreoftheone-chipcomputer,itisthecontrolofthecomputerandcommandcentre,madeupofsuchpartsasarithmeticunitandcontroller,etc..Thearithmeticunitcancarryon8personsofarithmeticoperationandunitALUoflogicoperationwhileincludingone,the1storingdevicetemporarilyof8,storingdevice2temporarily,8'saccumulationdeviceACC,registerBandprocedurestateregisterPSW,etc.PersonwhoaccumulateACCcountby2inputendsenteredofcheckingetc.temporarilyasoneoperationoften,comefrompersonwhostore1operationisitisitmakeoperationtogoontocounttemporarily,operationresultandloopbackACCwithanotherone.Inaddition,ACCisoftenregardedasthetransferstationofdatatransmissionon8051inside.Thesameasgeneralmicroprocessor,itisthebusiestregister.HelprememberingthatagreeingwithAexpressesintheorder.Thecontrollerincludestheprocedurecounter,theorderisdeposited,theorderdecipher,theoscillatorandtimingcircuit,etc.Theprocedurecounterismadeupofcounterof8fortwo,amountsto16.Itisabyteaddresscounteroftheprocedureinfact,thecontentisthenextIAthatwillcarriedoutinPC.Thecontentwhichchangesitcanchangethedirectionthattheprocedurecarriesout.Shakethecircuitin8051one-chipcomputers,onlyneedouterquartzcrystalandfrequencytofinelytunetheelectriccapacity,itsfrequencyrangeisits12MHZof1.2MHZ.Thispulsesignal,as8051basicbeatsofworking,namelytheminimumunitoftime.8051isthesameasothercomputers,theworkinharmonyunderthecontrolofthebasicbeat,justlikeanorchestraaccordingtothebeatplaythatiscommanded.ThereareROM(procedurememory,canonlyread)andRAMin8051slices(datamemory,canisitcanwrite)twotoread,theyhaveeachindependentmemoryaddressspace,disposewaytobethesamewithgeneralmemoryofcomputer.Procedure8051memoryand8751sliceprocedurememorycapacity4KB,addressbeginfrom0000H,usedforpreservingtheprocedureandformconstant.Data8051-87518031ofmemorydatamemory128B,addressfalse00FH,useformiddleresulttodepositoperation,thedataarestoredtemporarilyandthedataarebufferedetc..InRAMofthis128B,thereisunitof32bytesthatcanbeappointedasthejobregister,thisandgeneralmicroprocessorisdifferent,8051sliceRAMandjobregisterrankoneformationthesametoarrangethelocation.ItisnotverythesamethatthememoryofMCS-51seriesone-chipcomputerandgeneralcomputerdisposesthewayinaddition.Generalcomputerforfirstaddressspace,ROMandRAMcanarrangeindifferentspacewithintherangeofthisaddressatwill,namelytheaddressesofROMandRAM,withdistributingdifferentaddressspaceinaformation.Whilevisitingthememory,correspondingandonlyanaddressMemoryunit,canROM,itcanbeRAMtoo,andbyvisitingtheordersimilarly.ThiskindofmemorystructureiscalledthestructureofPrinceton.8051memoriesaredividedintoprocedurememoryspaceanddatamemoryspaceonthephysicsstructure,therearefourmemoryspacesinall:Theprocedurestoresinoneanddatamemoryspaceoutsidedatamemoryandoneinprocedurememoryspaceandoneoutsideone,thestructureformsofthiskindofproceduredeviceanddatamemoryseparatedformdatamemory,calledHarvardstructure.Butusetheanglefromusers,8051memoryaddressspaceisdividedintothreekinds:(1)Intheslice,arrangeblocksofFFFFH,0000Hoflocation,inunisonoutsidetheslice(use16addresses).(2)Thedatamemoryaddressspaceoutsideoneof64KB,theaddressisarrangedfrom0000H64KBFFFFH(with16addresses)tootothelocation.(3)Datamemoryaddressspaceof256B(use8addresses).Threeabove-mentionedmemoryspaceaddressesoverlap,fordistinguishinganddesigningtheordersymbolofdifferentdatatransmissionintheinstructionsystemof8051:CPUvisitslice,ROMorderspendMOVC,visitblockRAMorderusesMOVXoutsidetheslice,RAMorderusesMOVtovisitinslice.8051one-chipcomputerhavefour8walkabreastI/Oport,callP0,P1,P2andP3.Eachportis8accuratetwo-waymouths,accountsfor32pinsaltogether.EveryoneI/Olinecanbeusedasintroductionandexportedindependently.Eachportincludesalatch(namelyspecialfunctionregister),oneexportsthedriverandaintroductionbuffer.Makedatacanlatchwhenoutputting,datacanbufferwhenmakingintroduction,butfourfunctionofpasswaytheseself-same.Expandamongthesystemofmemoryoutsidehavingslice,fourportthesemayserveasaccuratetwo-waymouthofI/Oincommonuse.Expandamongthesystemofmemoryoutsidehavingslice,P2mouthseehigh8addressoff;P0mouthisatwo-waybus,sendtheintroductionof8lowaddressesanddata/exportintimesharingThecircuitof8051one-chipcomputersandfourI/Oportsisveryingeniousindesign.FamiliarwithI/Oportlogicalcircuit,notonlyhelptouseportscorrectlyandrationally,andwillinspiretodesigningtheperipherallogicalcircuitofone-chipcomputertosomeextent.Loadabilityandinterfaceofporthavecertainrequirement,becauseoutputgrade,P0ofmouthandP1endoutput,P3ofmouthgradedifferentatstructure,so,theloadabilityandinterfaceofitsdoordemandtohavenothingincommonwitheachother.P0mouthisdifferentfromothermouths,itsoutputgradedrawstheresistancesupreme.Whenusingitasthemouthincommonusetouse,outputgradeisitleakcircuittoturnon,isitisiturgeNMOSdrawtheresistanceontakingtobeouterwithitwhileinputtingtogoouttofail.Whenbeingusedasintroduction,shouldwrite"1"toalatchfirst.EveryonewithP0mouthcandrive8ModelLSTTLloadtoexport.P1mouthisanaccuratetwo-waymouthtoo,usedasI/Oincommonuse.DifferentfromP0mouthoutputofcircuitits,drawloadresistancelinkwithpoweroninsidehave.Infact,theresistanceisthattwoeffectsareinchargeofFETandtogether:OneFETisinchargeofload,itsresistanceisregular.Anotheronecanisitleadtoworkwithcloseattwostate,makeitsPresidentresistancevaluechangeapproximate0orgroupvalueheavytwosituationvery.Whenitis0thattheresistanceisapproximate,candrawthepintothehighlevelfast/view/9ca78b07caaedd3383c4d383.html?from=search4/6Whenresistancevalueisverylarge,P1mouth,inordertohindertheintroductionstatehigh.OutputasP1mouthhighelectricityatordinarytimes,canisitdrawelectriccurrentloadtoofferoutwards,drawtheresistanceonneedn'tanswerandthen.Herewhentheportisusedasintroduction,mustwriteinto1tothecorrespondinglatchfirsttoo,makeFETend.ThestructureofP2somemouthissimilartoP0mouth,thereareMUXswitches.Isitsimilartomouthpartlytourge,butmouthlargeaconversioncontrolssomethanP1.P3mouthonemulti-functionalport,mouthgettingmanythanP1ithave"and"3doorand4buffer".Twopartthese,makeherbesidesaccuratetwo-wayfunctionwithP1mouthjust,canalsousethesecondfunctionofeverypin,"and"door3functiononeswitchinfact,itdeterminestobetooutputdataoflatchtooutputsecondsignaloffunction.ActasW=At1o'clock,outputQendsignal;ActasQ=At1o'clock,canoutputWlinesignal.Atthetimeofprogramming,itisthatthefirstfunctionisstillthesecondfunctionbutneedn'thavesoftwarethatsetupP3mouthinadvance.IthardwarenotinsideistheautomatictohavetwofunctionoutputtedwhenCPUcarriesonSFRandseeksthelocation(thelocationorthebyte)tovisittoP3mouth/atnotlastinglining,thereareinsidehardwarelatchQs=1.TheoperationprincipleofP3mouthissimilartoP1mouth.Outputgrade,P3ofmouth,P1ofP1,connectwithinsidehaveloadresistanceofdrawing,everyoneoftheycandrive4ModelLSTTLloadtooutput.Aswhileinputtingthemouth,anyTTLorNMOScircuitcandriveP1of8051one-chipcomputersasP3mouthinanormalway.Becausedrawresistanceonoutputgradeofthemhave,canopenawaycollectortooordrain-sourceresistanceisiturgetoopenaway,donotneedtohavetheresistanceofdrawingouter.Mouthsareallaccuratetwo-waymouthstoo.Whentheconductisinput,mustwritethecorrespondingportlatchwith1first.Asto80C51one-chipcomputer,portcanonlyoffermilliampereofoutputelectriccurrents,isitoutputmouthgowhenurgingoneordinarybasingoftransistortoregardas,shouldcontactaresistanceamongtheportandtransistorbase,inordertotheelectricitywhilerestrainingthehighlevelfromexportingP1~P3Beingrestoredtothethroneistheoperationofinitializingofanone-chipcomputer.ItsmainfunctionistoturnPCinto0000Hinitially,maketheone-chipcomputerbegintoholdtheconductprocedurefromunit0000H.Exceptthattheonesthatenterthesystemareinitializednormally,asbecauseprocedureoperateitmakemistakesoroperatetherearen'tmistake,inordertoextricateoneselffromapredicament,needtobepressedandrestoredtothethronethekeyrestartingtoo.Itisaninputendwhichisrestoredtothethronethesignalin8051ChinaRSTpin.Restoretothethronesignalhighleveleffective,shouldsustain24shakecycle(namely2machinecycles)theaboveitseffectivetimes.If6offrequencyofutilizationbrillianttoshake,restoretothethronesignaldurationshouldexceed4delicatetofinishrestoringtothethroneandoperating.Producethelogicpictureofcircuitwhichisrestoredtothethronethesignal。Restoretothethronethecircuitandincludetwopartsoutsideinthechipentirely.Outsidethatcircuitproducetorestoretothethronesignal(RST)handovertoSchmitt'strigger,restoretothethronecircuitsampletooutput,SchmittoftriggerconstantlyineachS5P2,machineofcycleinhavingonemore,thenjustgotandrestoredtothethroneandoperatedthenecessarysignalinsidly.Restoretothethroneresistanceofcircuitgenerally,electriccapacityparametersuitableshake,canisitrestoretothethronesignalhighleveldurationgreatefrotrha6nb2rimlliaacnhtintoecyclestoguarantee.Beingrestoredtothethroneinthecircuitissimple,itsfunctionisveryimportant.Piecesofone-chipcomputersystemcouldnormalrunning,shouldfirstcheckitcanrestoretothethronenotsucceeding.Checkingandcanpopone'sheadandmonitorthepinwiththeoscillographtentatively,pushandisrestoredtothethronethekey,thewaveformthatobservesandhasenoughrangeisexported(instantaneous),canalsothroughisitrestoretothethronecircuitgroupholdingvaluecarryontheexperimenttochange.

中文文献51系列单片机的结构和功能51系列单片机是英特尔公司生产的具有一定结构和功能的单片机产品。这家公司在1976年引入8位MCS-48系列单片机后，于1980年又推出了8位高档的MCS-51系列单片机。它包含很多种这类型的单片机，如8051，8031，8751，80C51BH，80C31BH等，它们的基本组成，基本性能和指令系统都是一样的。一般情况习惯用8051来代表51系列单片机。一个单片机的系统是由以下几部分组成：（1）一个8位CPU微处理器。（2）静态随机存取存储器，能够储存程序运行过程中产生的数据。（3）程序存储器ROM/EPROM中（4KB/8KB），用来保存程序和一些初始数据。但是在一些单片机中不使用ROM/EPROM中，如8031，8032，80c系列等。（4）4个8排的I/O并行接口P0~P3，每个口可以用作输入，也可以用作输出。（5）2个定时器/计数器，每个定时器/计数器可设置计数用来计数外部事件，可以设置成常用的定时方式，并可以根据计算或结果控制单片机的运行。（6）五个中断源控制系统。（7）1个双向串行I/O口的UART（通用异步接收器/发送器UART），用于实现单片机的串行通信。（8）振荡器和时钟产生电路，需要外部电源的石英晶体微调电路，允许接在12v的振荡频率上。上述部分通过内部数据总线连接。其中，CPU是单片机的核心，它是单片机的控制和指挥中心，ALU算数逻辑运算单元可进行算术运算和逻辑运算，由1个8暂时存储器，和2个8位的累加器组成。Acc累加器是ALU运算结果的存放单元，一般数据通过它来传送。此外，Acc往往被视为对8051内的数据传输中转站。和通常的微处理器一样，它是最繁忙的寄存器。有记忆功能并执行命令。该控制器包括程序计数器，可读写的存储器，振荡器和定时电路等。该程序计数器是有两对8或16位计数器，它是一个字节地址计数器，在个人电脑运行程序时，执行下一个单元的内容，程序执行时可以改变它的内容从而改变运行的结果。在8051芯片震荡电路中，需要外接石英晶体和微调电容，其频率范围为1.2MHz—12MHz。该脉冲信号，即为8051的工作周期，是最小的时间单位。8051和其他单片机一样，都有相同的控制和功能,就像乐队也有打击乐器一样。在8051中有ROM（程序存储器，只能读取），和RAM（数据存储器，可以读和写），他们有各自独立的内存地址空间，也有相同的处理方式。8051和8751的程序存储器