牛津译林版必修五Unit Science versus 全市一等奖

GrammarandusageUnit3Verb-edformAnalysisthefunctionofv-ingandto-infinitiveinthesentences．(1)

Tosayisonething,todoisanother．(2)

Hiswishistobecomeanengineerinthefuture．(3)

Thewallneedstoberepaired．(4)

Findingworkisdifficultthesedays．(5)

Don’tbeangrywithmefornothavingwritten．(6)

Whatdisappointingnews!(7)

Nothavingreceivedaletterfromhisparents,hedeciededtowriteagain．(8)

Ioftenhearhimsingingthissong．(9)

Thenewshetoldmejustnowissurprising!(10)Theteachertoldthestudentnottobelateagain．(11)Tocathchthefirstbus,wegotupat5a．m．(12)Thebuildingtobebuiltnextyearwillbethetallestinthiscity．Usecorrectformtofilltheblanks．(1)

Theywentthere_____________(see)theirparentslastweekend．(2)Canyouimagineyourself_____________(stay)onalonelyisland?(3)_____________(collect)stampsisveryinteresting．(4)

Whowasthelastone________________(leave)theclassroomlastnight．(5)Heworkedhard,only_______________(fail)atlast．(6)Noonecanstand___________________(laugh)at．(7)Thelightintheofficeisstillon．Heforgot___________(turn)itoff．(9)__________________(notfinish)herhomework,thelittlegirlmaynotgotobed．(10)Sincehehadnotreceivedherreply,hedecided_________(write)asecondletter．Verb-edform1．Heisastudentlovedbyall．本句中loved是一个动词的___________形式，在句子中充当_______语。它的逻辑主语是___________,它们之间是__________关系。

e．g．Therearesomefallenleavesontheground．Otherexamples:1)Theboyhurtbythecarwassenttothehospitalimmediately．=Theboy____________________bythecarwassenttothehospitalimmediately．(2)Anislandisasmallpieceoflandsurroundedbywater．=Anislandisasmallpieceofland______________________bywater．conclusion：__________________________________________________________________________________2．Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourteethexamined?本句中的examined在句子中充当___________语。其逻辑主语是__________,它们之间是____________关系。

e．g．Shesawthethiefcaughtbypolicemen．Otherexamples:(1)_________________________________(2)________________________________conclusion：__________________________________________________________________________________3．Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood．这个句子中的writteninahurry在句子中充当________语，表_________．其逻辑主语是___________。他们之间是__________关系。我们可以把这个句子改写成：Asitwaswritteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood．e．g．(1)SeenfromtheMoon,ourearthlookslikeahugeblueball．(2)Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem．他们可以分别改写成：________________________fromthemoon,ourearthlookslikeahugeblueball．________________________anotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem．(3)Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret．4）Theteachercameout,followedbyagroupofstudent．________________________bytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret．以上句子中的过去分词都做_____语，分别表示_______,________,________,________。conclusion：__________________________________________________________________________________4．Hisparentsweredisappointedwhentheygotthenews．

这个句子中的disappointed在句子中充当_______语，说明主语的_________。Otherexamples:(1)___________________________________________．(2)___________________________________________．conclusion：__________________________________________________________________________________SummaryTheverb-edformcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoranadverbinasentence．Averb-edfromcanbeusedastheattributive,predicativeandobjectcomplement．Averb-edcanmodifyaverb,suchasstand,sitandlietoexpressastate．Theverb-edformcanexpresspassivemeaningsaswellaspastmeanings．Practice:a．

Canyoufindthecorrecttranslationforthefollowingphrases?落叶破杯子令人失望的学生你书中提到的地方发现车偷了流水fallingleaves

fallenleavesbrokencupsbreakingcupsdisappointedstudentsdisappointingstudentstheplacementioninginyourbooktheplacementionedinyourbookfindthecarstolenfindthecarstealingrunwaterrunningwaterb．Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectform．1．________(found)in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUSA．2．________(see)fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees．3．________(walk)alongthestreet,hemetanoldfriendofhis．4．Withallhishomework_______(finish),hewentouttoplaybasketball．5．________(stop)theboygoingtoplaycomputergames,themotherlockedtheboyin．6．________(give)moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter．7．Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,________(wait)fortheirteacher．8．When_______(complete),themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear．9．Whohadsuchalittlechild_________(pick)wasteonthestreet?10．_______(lose)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim．

非谓语动词充当相同的句子成分时用法区别。

1．______(Smoke)isnotallowedhere．______(smoke)somuchisnotgoodforyou．

Theirjobisbuidinghouses．Theirworkistobuildanotherbridgeacrosstheriver．结论(1)：非谓语动词在句子中作_____语时，一般说来，在表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用___________；在表示具体的动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用___________。2．Iwant_________(go)tothebarber’sbecausemyhairwants_________(cut)．Hebegan__________(talk)abouthisplanforsummerholiday．Ilike__________(read)booksofthiskind,butIdon’tlike_________(read)thatbook．Iprefer__________(walk)tocycling,butIprefer__________(stay)athometoday．结论(2)：非谓语动词在句子中作______语时，如果表示一般倾向，多用__________；如指特定的或某次行动，则用___________更多一些。3．Isawhim__________(go)upstairs．（动作全过程）

Isawhim__________(go)upstairs．（动作正在进行）------Don’thaveme_________(wait)foryououtsidetoolong?------Iwon’t．Ijusthavemyhair_________(cut)结论(3)：非谓语动词在句子中作宾补时，作现在分词时，表示动作正在进行发生用__________，其含义相当于__________；表示动作的整个过程用__________；表示动作已经完成和被动意义用_____________。4．Themeeting_________（hold）lastweekisveryimportant．Themeeting_________（hold）nowisveryimportant．Themeeting_________（hold）tomorrowafternoonisveryimportant．结论(4)：非谓语动词在句子中作定语时，表示正在进行的动作，或表示经常性的动作,或现在(或当时)的状态时，通常都用____________；所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，或者是没有一定的时间性，只表示被动意义时，通常都用_____________；表示还没有发生的或即将发生的动作，通常用_____________；其总是置于被修饰的名词之______。5．Thenewswas____________(excite)．Heappeared_____________(satisfy)withmyanswer．Mytaskthisclassis____________(teach)youhowtograspthegrammar．结论（5）：非谓语动词在句子中作表语时，表示主语所具有的特征或属性时，通常用动词的____________；表示主语所处的状态或感受时，通常用动词的___________。现在分词表示“令人……的”，过去分词表示“感到……”；__________则表示某一次具体的行为，类似于作主语。Everydayheclimbedtoahighrocknearhiscave___________(keep)watch．19．Twoyearslater,herfatherdisappeared,never____________(return)．20．I’mveryglad__________(have)thisstampagain．21．Once__________(leave)Germany,EinsteinwentfirsttoFrance,thentoBelgium．22．__________(Be)ashyman,Einsteindidn’tattendthegreatcelebration．23．Thetrainerappeared,___________(follow)bysixlittledog．24．__________(give)moretime,Icandoitbetter．25．__________(weigh)almost100jin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone．结论(6):非谓语动词作状语时，不定式表_________，__________和_________。分词可以表__________,___________,__________,___________,___________和___________，可以用相应的状语从句来改写。比如：21．Once_____________________Germany,EinsteinwentfirsttoFrance,thentoBelgium．22．___________________________ashyman,Einsteindidn’tattendthegreatcelebration．24．___________________________moretime,Icandoitbetter．25．___________________________almost100jin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone．结论（7）Verb-ing作状语时，与其逻辑主语，也就是句子的主语是________关系；Verb-ed作状语时，与其逻辑主语，也就是句子的主语是________关系。【拓展练习】TaskThreeChoosethebestanswers．1．______isbelieving．A．ToseeB．Tobeseen．C．Seeing．D．Tohaveseen．2．______onice______moredifficultthanontheground．A．Towalk,areB．Walking,isC．Walked,isD．Walk,are3．It______45minutes_______therebybus．A．cost,togetB．takes,gettingC．takes,togetD．takes,togetto4．_______won’tbeofmuchhelp． A．Tom’sgoingB．TomgoingC．TomtogoD．Tomgoes5．Thereportwasso_______thattheywereall________．A．moving,movingB．moved,movedC．moving,movedD．moved,moving6．Helikes_______,buthedoesn’tlike________todaybecauseitiscold．A．swimming,toswimB．toswim,swimmingC．toswim,toswimD．swimming,swimming7．Wemustn’tpretend_______whatwedon’tknow．A．knowingB．havingknownC．toknowD．tobeknown8．Idon’tthinkthebookis________．A．worthbeingreadB．worthtobere