陕西省渭南市蒲城县2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

尧山中学2024届高三年级第四次质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15 B.£9.18 C.£9.15答案是 C.1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afootballmatch. B.Today’snews. C.Today’sTVshows.2.Whatclassdidthemanhavethismorning?A.Chemistry. B.History. C.Physics.3.WhatdoesthemanplantododuringJanuarybreak?A.Studyathome. B.GotoMexico. C.Goonavacation.4.Howoftendoesthewomanusuallycomehere?A.Atleastonceaweek. B.Twiceamonth. C.Severaltimesaweek.5.Whatcanweknowabouttheboy’sfather?A.Heisgivingaspeech. B.HehastohelpMolly. C.Heisn’tathomenow.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题.从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍，听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whydoesthewomanstarttheclub?A.Forstudy. B.Forhealth. C.Forenvironmentalprotection.7.Howmanypostersdidthewomanprintoutyesterday?A.40. B.30. C.20.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Howoftendoesthemanvisithisparents?A.Onceaweek. B.Twiceaweek. C.Everyday.9Whatdoesthemandointheafternoon?A.Hemeetshisfriends. B.Heplayssports. C.HewatchesTV.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthewomanoftendoattheweekend?A.Sheoftenhastea. B.Sheoftenplayscards. C.SheoftenwatchesTV.11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Husbandandwife. C.Brotherandsister.12.Whatdothespeakersplantodothisweekend?A.Goshoppingtogether. B.Playcardstogether. C.Goforapicnic.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhydoesthewomanplantogotoLondon?A.Tovisitsomebody. B.Tofindanewjob. C.Togotraveling.14.Whydoesthewomanwanttotakefoodonthetrain?A.Sheisreallyhungry.B.Sheisnervouswithoutfood.C.Itwillsoonbetimefordinner.15.Howmuchdoesacupofteacostonthetrain?A.15pence. B.30pence. C.50pence.16.Whatcausesthewomantogiveupthetrain?A.Thenumberoftheplatform.B.Theexpensivefood.C.Lackoftime.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.What’sthemostcommonrulefordriversinAmerica?A.Thespeedlimit. B.Trafficlights. C.Rushhourfirst.18.Whatisthespeedlimitonhighways?A.25milesperhour. B.35milesperhour. C.55milesperhour.19.Whatwillthepolicemandotoaspeedingdriver?A.Stophimandgivehimaticket.B.Takehimtothepolicestation.C.Takehisdrivinglicenseaway.20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.America’strafficrules.B.America’strafficcondition.C.Americastrafficfinepolicy.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheromanticRhine,whichflowsmorethan700milesfromSwitzerlandtotheNorthSea,isoneofthemostpopularcruising（巡游）riversinEurope,withmanyoptionsavailable.TakealookatthingstodoinRhineAmsterdamManyRhineRiverCruisesbeginorendinAmsterdam.Thiscityispopularamongmultipleagegroupsandtypesoftravelersforitsrelaxingatmosphere.Grababicycleandenjoyanafternoonofcafes,art,andhistoricalsites.TheAnneFrankHouseisapopularattractioninAmsterdam.Besuretocheckifyourrivercruisecanhelpwithadvanceticketsasthelinesareconsistentlylong,though.NeuschwansteinThisfairytalecastleisintheheartofBavaria,Germany.SituatedintheBlackForest,andconjuringup（唤起）visionsofprincesandprincesses,itisanextremelypopulartouristattraction.ItwasinfactoneoftheinspirationsforWaltDisney’sSleepingBeautyCastle.IfyourRhineStrasbourgIfyou’relookingforaclassicEuropeancountrytown,thisisthestopforyouStrasbourghasatypicalFrenchfeel,withcobblestonedstreets,smallshops,andofcourseacathedral.BesuretovisitpicturesquePetiteFrance,thehistoricquarteroftown,andRohanPalacetowalkinthefootstepsofMarieAntoinette,thelastqueenofFrancebeforetheFrenchRevolution.StrasbourgisalsoadelightfulplaceforvisitforChristmasmarkets.BaselSharingthreeinternationalborders:Switzerland,Germany,andFrance,Baselpresentsafascinatingcombinationofcultures,cuisines,andlanguages.YoucanenjoyseveralwonderfulhistoricsightsinBasel,withinashortdistancefromeachother,anddon’tmissawalkthroughtheBotanicalGardens.21.WhatdoAmsterdamandStrasbourghaveincommon?A.Theyhavehistoricalsites. B.TheyhavearelaxingFrenchstyle.C.Theyarehometobigshoppingmalls. D.Theyarefamousforthepicturesquescenery.22.WhatmightbethereasonforNeuschwansteinA.Itsmysteriousstory. B.Itsfavourablelocation.C.Itsfairytaleromance. D.Itsinspirationforfilms.23.Whichstopwouldyourecommendmosttothosewhowanttoexperiencediversecultures?A.Amsterdam. B.NeuschwansteinCastle. C.Strasbourg. D.Basel.BTheliteraryworldhasanewstar.NovelistAbdulrazakGurnahisthewinnerofthe2021NobelPrizeinliteratureinrecognitionofhis“compassionatepenetration（洞察力）oftheeffectsofcolonialism（殖民主义）andthefateoftherefugee（难民）”.GurnahgrewupinZanzibar,anislandoffthecoastofTanzania.In1964,GurnahwasforcedtoleaveforEnglandasarefugee,wherehebegantoreflectonhisexperiencesinadiaryandthenthroughstories.Throughtheyears,hewrote10novelsandstoriesthatexplorethesufferingcausedbywarandcolonialism.“Thethingthatmotivatedthewholeexperienceofwritingformewasthisideaoflosingyourplaceintheworld,”GurnahtoldTheNewYorkTimes.His1994novelParadise,whichtellsthestoryofaboygrowingupinearly20thcenturyTanzania,markedhisbreakthroughasanovelistandwontheBookerPrize.—Afterlives,hismostrecentwork,continuesthenarrativeofParadiseandtakesplaceduringtheperiodofGermancolonialisminTanzania.Beforeheretired,Gurnah,73,wasaprofessorofEnglishandPostcolonialLiteraturesattheUniversityofKentinEngland.AlthoughGurnah’sfirstlanguageisSwahili,headoptedEnglishashisliterarylanguage.HiswritingoftencontainstracesofArabic,SwahiliandGerman,aswell.AndersOlsson,thechairoftheNobelcommittee,saidthatGurnah“iswidelyrecognizedasoneoftheworld’smorepreeminentpost-colonialwriters”.Ethiopian-AmericannovelistMaazaMengistedescribedGurnah’swritingsasbeing“likeagentleblade（刀刃）slowlymovingin”“HehaswrittenworkthatisabsolutelyunfearingandyetatthesametimecompletelycompassionateandfullofheartforpeopleofEastAfrica,”Mengistesaid.“Heiswritingstoriesthatareoftenquietstoriesofpeoplewhoaren’theard,butthere’saninsistencetherethatwelisten.”24.WhatareGurnah’sworksmainlyabout?A.ThelifeofthepeopleinTanzania. B.Effectsofwarandcolonialism.C.Experiencesoflivingabroad. D.Growthinanunderdevelopednation.25.WhatdoweknowaboutGurnah?A.Hewasinspiredtowritebyhisrefugeeexperience.B.Heusedtobeaprofessoroflawandliterature.C.HepublisheshisworksinArabicandSwahili.D.Hewasnotwell-knownuntilhewontheNobelPrize.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preeminent”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Awful. B.Outstanding. C.Potential. D.Productive.27.WhatdoesMaazaMengistethinkofGurnah’swriting?A.Itiselegantlywritteninhisnativelanguage.B.Itiswidelywelcomedbypeoplearoundtheworld.C.Itispowerfulandemployssharplanguage.D.Itcallsforattentiontothelifeoftheunderclass.CManyrobotstrackobjectsby“sight”astheyworkwiththem,butoptical（光学的）sensorscan’ttakeinanitem’sentireshapewhenit’sinthedarkorpartiallyblockedfromview.Nowanewlow-costtechniqueletsarobotichand“feel”anunfamiliarobject’sform-andskillfullyhandleitbasedonthisinformationalone.UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,roboticistXiaolongWangandhisteamwantedtofindoutwhethercomplexactionscouldbeachievedinroboticsusingonlysimpletouchdata.Theresearchersattached16contactsensors,eachcostingabout$12,tothepalmandfingersofafour-fingeredrobothand.Thesesensorssimplyindicateifanobjectistouchingthehandornot.“Whileonesensordoesn’tcatchmuch,alotofthemcanhelpyoucapturedifferentaspectsoftheobject,”Wangsays.Inthiscase,therobot’staskwastorotate（旋转）itemsplacedinitspalm.Theyfirstransimulations（模拟）tocollectenoughtouchdataasavirtualrobothandpracticedrotatingobjects,includingballsandotherirregularobjects.Usinginformationfromeachsensor,theteambuiltacomputermodelthatdeterminesanobject’spositionateverystepofthehandlingprocessandmovesthefingerstorotateitsmoothlyandstably.Nexttheytransferredthiscapabilitytooperatearealrobothand,whichsuccessfullycontrolpreviouslyunfamiliarobjectssuchasapples,tomatoes,soupcansandrubberducks.Transferringthecomputermodeltotherealworldwasrelativelyeasybecausethesensordataweresosimple.However,NewYorkUniversity’sLerrelPinto,whostudiesrobots’interactions,wonderswhetherthesystemwouldfailatmorecomplicatedtasks.Soinfuturework,Wang’sgroupaimstotacklemorecomplexmovementsaswellastoaddsensorsinplacessuchasthesidesofthefingers.“Thismeansthattherewillbemoreaccurateinformationfromtouchingthatallowsreconstructingtheobjectshape,”Wangsays.Theresearcherswillalsotryaddingvisiontocomplementtouchdataforhandlingcomplicatedshape.28.WhatwastheintentionoftheresearchconductedbyXiaolongWang’sgroup?A.Todeveloparobotwithadvancedopticalsensors.B.Tocreatearobotichandtograspfamiliarobjects.C.Toexploretheuseoftouchdataincomplexroboticactions.D.Toinvestigatetheimpactoflightingonroboticrecognition.29.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheworkingprincipleofrobothandsinWang’sresearch.B.Thetypeofcontactsensorsattachedtotherobothand.C.Thewaythatrobothandscapturedifferentobjects.D.ThefunctionofrobothandsinWang’sresearch.30.Howdidtheresearchersgathertouchdatafortherobotichand’straining?A.Theyusedreal-worldobjects.B.Theyusedcomplexopticalsensors.C.Theyreliedonvision-basedtechnology.D.Theyconductedsimulationswiththerobothand,31.WhatisXiaoLongWang’sattitudetowardsPinto’sconcernoverthesystem?A.Doubtful B.Positive C.Unclear D.DismissiveDFatherscangivetheirchildrenaneducationaladvantageatprimaryschoolbyreading,drawingandplayingwiththem,accordingtoanewlypublishedreport.ResearchledbytheUniversityofLeedshasfoundthatchildrendobetteratprimaryschooliftheirfathersregularlyspendtimewiththemoninteractiveengagementactivitieslikereading,playing,tellingstories,drawingandsinging.Analysingprimaryschooltestscoresforfive-andseven-year-olds,theresearchersusedarepresentativesampleofnearly5,000mother-fatherhouseholdsinEnglandfromtheMilleniumCohortStudy.Accordingtotheresearch,dadswhoregularlydrew,playedandreadwiththeirthree-year-oldshelpedtheirchildrendobetteratschoolbyagefive.Dadsbeinginvolvedatagefivealsohelpedimprovescoresinseven-year-olds’KeyStageAssessments.DrHelenNorman,wholedtheresearch,said,“Mothersstilltendtoassumetheprimarycareroleandthereforetendtodothemostchildcare,butiffathersenthusiasticallyengageinchildcaretoo,itsignificantlyincreasesthelikelihoodofchildrengettingbettergradesinprimaryschool.Thisiswhyencouragingandsupportingfatherstosharechildcarewiththemother,fromanearlystageinthechild’slife,iscritical.”Dads’involvementimpactedpositivelyontheirchildren’sschoolachievementregardlessofthechild’sgender（性别）,race,ageintheschoolyearandhouseholdincome,accordingtothereport.Thereweredifferenteffectswhenmumsanddadstookpartinthesameactivities—thedatashowedthatmumshadmoreofanimpactonyoungchildren’semotionalandsocialbehaviorsthaneducationalachievement.Theresearchersrecommendthatdadscarveoutasmuchtimeastheycantoengageininteractiveactivitieswiththeirchildreneachweek.Forbusy,workingdads,evenjusttenminutesadaycouldpotentiallyhaveeducationalbenefits.Theyalsorecommendthatschoolsandearlyyearseducationprovidersroutinelytakebothparents’contactdetails(wherepossible)anddevelopstrategiestoengagefathers.32.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A.Mumshadmoreimpactonyoungchildren’seducationalachievement.B.Dads’positiveimpactonkidslearninghadnothingtodowiththegender.C.Dads’involvementatage3helpedpromoteacademicperformanceatage7.D.Theresearchersinvestigatednearly5,000singleparentfamiliesinEngland.33.Whomaygivehischildrenthemosteducationaladvantageatprimaryschool?A.Afatherwhoistotallybusywithhiswork.B.Afatherwhoisreallygoodatplayingbasketball.C.Afatherwhohasabsolutelylowhouseholdincome.D.Afatherwhoactivelyshareschildcarewiththemother.34.Whatadvicedotheresearchersofferonchildren’searlyyearseducation?A.Dadsshouldsparetenminutesadaytoapparentlybenefitkids.B.Dadsshouldmaximizetimetointeractwiththeirkidseachweek.C.Schoolsshouldgeneratestrategiestoinvolveparentsinmanagement.D.Schoolsshouldregularlycontactparentstodevelopmother-engagement.35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.It’scrucialthatfatherscanhavealastingimpactonchildren.B.Youngchildrencangetbrilliantchildhoodwithfather-engagement.C.Fathersandmothersshouldsharechildcareinfamilyearlyeducation.D.Youngchildrendobetteratschooliftheirdadsreadandplaywiththem.第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Foodplaysanessentialroleinourlivesandrightfullyso:Thefoodweeatisrelatedtoourculture.36.Don’tbelieveme?Here’swhyfoodisthebestwaytounderstandaculture:37Itdoesn’tmatterwhereyou’refrom-youhavetoeat.Yoursocialculturemostlikelydevelopedfromtheneedtoeat.Oncetheysurpassedhuntingandgathering,manyearlycivilizationsorganizedthemselvesinwaysthatpromotedfooddistributionandproduction.Thatalsomeantthattheanimals,landandresourcesyouwereneargovernedwhatyou’dconsumeandhowyou’dprepareandcookit.Food,preservationtechniquesareuniquetoclimatesand,lifestyles.Everwonderwhytheprocesstopreservemeatissodifferentaroundtheworld?38.InMorocco,ifpreservedcorrectly,Khlea,adish,isstillgoodfortwoyearswhenstoredatroomtemperature.ThatmakesmuchsenseinMorocco,whichhashadastrongnomadic（游牧的）population,desertlandscape,andextremelywarm,drytemperatures.Themainlocalcuisinesillustratehistoricaleatingpatterns.Somesocietieshavecuisinesthatareentirelybasedonmeat,andothersarealmostentirelyplant-based.India’scuisineisextremelyvariedfromregiontoregion,withmeatandwheatheavydishesinthefarnorth,tospectacularfishdelicaciesintheeast,torice-basedvegetariandietsinthesouth.39.Foodtourism.40.Afoodtouristwon’tjustfocusonhavingapintatOktoberfest,butwillbeinterestedinlearningtheGermanbeermakingprocess,andpossiblyhowtheycanmaketheirownfreshbeer.Sincetheirinterestinfoodismorethanmealdeep,thetouristshavethechancetolearnlocalpreparationtechniquesthatcanleadtootheraspectsofaparticularregion’sculture.A.Foodaffectsthecivilization.B.Foodisauniversalnecessity.C.Andthewesternpartishometostrictvegetarians.D.Somepeoplehaveatripjustforenjoyingthefood.E.Ithastodowithlocalresources,needs,andclimates.F.Youcanlearnmuchaboutaparticularculturebyexploringtheirfood.G.Somepeoplehavetakenthecombinationoffoodandculturetoanewlevel.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,75-year-oldDeloresBushongreturnedhomeandcouldn’tfindhercatHank.Aftercallinghisnameintheneighborhood,shefinallyspottedhim41upatree.ShebelievedHankwasfrightenedbysomedogs.Bushongwas42abouthowhewouldgetdown.Shecalledthefiredepartmentandevenconstructioncompaniesbutnonewereableto43.EdBaptiste,whosetreeHankhadclimbed,letBushongsitinhisbackyardandcalltoHank.Anotherneighbor44acanofsardines,hopingitmightmakethehungrycat45.Nearbydogownerstooktheirpetsonwalksinsteadoflettingthemoutintheiryardstoavoidfurther46Hank.OneneighborsuggestedBushongcallalocalbusiness,whichhadatall47.Shedid,andtheownertoldhershewaswelcometoit.48,the42footladderprovedtooshort.Bydayfive,despitethe49oftheseneighbors,nothinghad50.That’swhenanotherneighbortoldBushonghowherfriends51theircatfromatree.Theylooped（使绕城圈）someropearoundatallbranchandpulleda52uptowherethecatwassitting.Thecatthenjumpedinandreturnedto53.BushongfilledasmallbasketwithsomeofHank’sfavoritethings.WiththehelpofvolunteersfromCaseyTrees,alocaltreecompany,theyshotabeanbagattachedtoa54highintothetree.Theygot55onthefirsttry,astheropecaughtabranchdirectlyaboveHank?Pullingontheotherendoftherope,they.56thebasketjustbeneathhim.Totheirgreat57,hejumpedin,andtheyloweredhim.Hank’s58taughthisgratefulowneralessonabout59helpingneighborsandsmallactsofkindness.60,Hankcouldonlygooutsidewithhisowner.41.A.tied B.stuck C.climbing D.resting42.A.shocked B.confused C.worried D.annoyed43.A.answer B.decide C.appear D.help44.A.collected B.donated C.sold D.borrowed45.A.comedown B.slowdown C.lookdown D.calmdown46.A.hurting B.disturbing C.scaring D.interrupting47.A.employee B.shelf C.truck D.ladder48.A.Undoubtedly B.Unfortunately C.Unexpectedly D.Unusually49.A.kindness B.patience C.interest D.confidence50.A.happened B.arrived C.worked D.mattered51.A.prevented B.distracted C.attracted D.rescued52.A.basket B.box C.bottle D.beanbag53.A.normal B.health C.safety D.strength54.A.wire B.stick C.branch D.rope55.A.careful B.lucky C.upset D.anxious56.A.positioned B.pressed C.threw D.shook57.A.surprise B.disappointment C.delight D.pride58.A.performance B.conflict C.challenge D.adventure59.A.strangers B.neighbors C.friends D.volunteers60.A.Bychance B.Inthatcase C.Fromthenon D.Bytheway第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsannouncedbytheChineseMissiontotheUnitedNationsinastatementonDecember22,theSpringFestivalhasbeen61________（official）listedasaUNfloatingholidayin62________（it）calendarofconferencesa