2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(357-358)讲义 高考英语一轮复习

长难句翻译Brucewentintolowgearanddroveataterrifyingspeed,keepingthefrontwheelsastridethecrackashefolloweditszig-zagcourse.Invitingthefirebrigadetoputoutanonexistentfireisacrudeformofdeceptionwhichnoself-respectingstudentwouldeverindulgein.长难句翻译解析Brucewentintolowgearanddroveataterrifyingspeed,keepingthefrontwheelsastridethecrack//ashefolloweditszig-zagcourse.【语法详析】本句的主干为Brucewentintolowgearanddroveataterrifyingspeed。1.keepingthefrontwheelsastridethecrack…作伴随状语；2.ashefolloweditszig-zagcourse为时间状语从句。【词汇精讲】gear/ɡɪə(r)/n.挡v.换挡astride/əˈstraɪd/prep.骑/跨在…上adv.骑着，跨着crack/kræk/v.断裂，砸碎n.裂缝，破裂声adj.技艺高超的，一流的zig-zag/'ziɡzæɡ/n.之字形v.曲折前进adj.曲折的course/kɔːs/n.课程，路线，航向【组】incourseof在…过程中，in/overthecourseof在…期间Whatgearareyouin?你挂的是几挡？Hesatastridehisfather’slegs.他骑在父亲的腿上。Shecrackedaneggintothepan.她往锅里打了一个鸡蛋。Hezigzaggedhiswayacrossthefield.他东拐西拐穿过了田野。He’sseenmanychangesinthecourseofhislonglife.他在漫长的一生中目睹了许许多多的变化。【参考译文】布鲁斯挂上低档，以令人恐惧的速度驾驶，前轮骑在裂缝上，走着之字形路线。2.Invitingthefirebrigadetoputoutanonexistentfireisacrudeformofdeceptionwhichnoself-respectingstudentwouldeverindulgein.【语法详析】本句的主干为Invitingthefirebrigade…isacrudeformofdeception。1.toputoutanonexistentfire作目的状语；2.whichnoself-respectingstudentwouldeverindulgein为定语从句，修饰先行词acrudeformofdeception。【词汇精讲】brigade/brɪˈɡeɪd/n.（军队的）旅；队，派nonexistent/ˌnɑn·ɪɡˈzɪs·tənt/adj.不存在的【反】existent现存的crude/kruːd/adj.粗略的，粗糙的，粗俗的，未经加工的【辨】rude粗鲁的deception/dɪˈsepʃn/n.欺骗【同】deceit【动】deceiveindulge/ɪnˈdʌldʒ/v.沉迷，纵容【组】indulgeoneselfin,beindulgedin沉迷于Sinceshegaveupsmokingshe’sjoinedtheanti-smokingbrigade.自从戒烟后，她加入了反对吸烟的队伍。Informationindustryusedtobenonexistentinthisarea.过去该地区的信息产业是个空白点。Crudeoilistheworld’smostimportantcommodity.原油是世界上最重要的商品。Hewasaccusedofobtainingpropertybydeception.他被指控骗取钱财。Hedidnotagreewithindulgingchildren.他反对纵容娇惯孩子。【参考译文】邀请消防队扑一场不存在的火，这是有自尊心的学生从不会干的一种粗鄙的欺骗形式。长难句拓展1.Theiranalysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirms’politicalinfluence,ratherthantheirCSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:Companiesthatcontributedmoretopoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfines.①小词典leniency[ˈliːniənsi]n.宽大，仁慈；温和lenient[ˈliːniənt]adj.仁慈的，宽大的；<古>柔和的，平静的②句子分析：本句的主干是Theiranalysisruledoutthepossibility，其中Theiranalysis为主语，ruledout为谓语，thepossibility为宾语。thatitwasfirms’politicalinfluence,ratherthantheirCSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency为同位语从句，修饰thepossibility，其中itwas...that...为强调句结构；Companiesthatcontributedmoretopoliticalcampaignsdidnotreceivelowerfines为插入语，其中thatcontributedmoretopoliticalcampaigns为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Companies。③参考译文：他们的分析排除了这一可能性，即，是公司的政治影响力，而非公司的企业社会责任立场，解释了为什么惩罚较轻：参与较多政治运动的公司并没有受到较轻的惩罚。Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,andthey’dfeelliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein.①小词典sustain[səˈsteɪn]vt.维持；支撑，承担；忍受；供养；证实②句子分析：本句的主干是Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproductandthey’dfeelliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomething，是由and连接的并列句。theideagoes为插入语，theyfavor和theybelievein为限制性定语从句，分别修饰先行词theproduct和something。③参考译文：最忠实的消费者依旧会购买他们喜欢的产品，而且他们会认为是在帮助维持他们所信任的产品的质量。3.Ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit,whichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready.①小词典obsess[əbˈses]v.使痴迷，使迷恋；使心神不宁，不停地困扰；唠叨；挂牵，念念不忘②句子分析：本句的主干为makeitforthepeople。ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct为条件状语从句，whoarealreadyobsessedwithit为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词thepeople，whichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit，whattheTimesisdoingalready为表语从句。③参考译文：如果你要制作印刷产品，那么就为那些已近痴迷于印刷产品的人而做吧，这可能是《纽约时报》已经在做的事情了。长难句精讲精练1.ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbytheincreasingnumbersofAmericanparentswhowanttheirchildrentolearnChinese.越来越多的美国父母希望自己的孩子学习汉语，这使得来自中国的互惠生越来越受欢迎。①语法笔记本句的主干是ThepopularityofaupairsfromChinahasbeenstrengthenedbytheincreasingnumbersofAmericanparents。主句的谓语动词hasbeenstrengthened使用了现在完成时的被动语态;who引导定语从句，修饰先行词parents:②核心词表popularityn.流行;普及aupair换工互惠生（住在外国家庭里学习外语并帮助照看孩子）strengthenv.加强，增强记忆词根记忆:strength（力量）+en（使…）→使有力量→加强，增强learnV．学，学习，学会;(与of,about连用）得知，获悉派生learnedadj.有学问的2.lwasnotafraidofbeingcaught,becausetherewasclearlynopolicemanaround,andtherecertainlywouldhavebeennodangeringoingthroughthelight.我不怕被抓住，因为周围显然没有警察，而且闯红灯肯定没有危险。①语法笔记本句的主干是Iwasnotafraidofbeingcaught。because引导原因状语从句，句中wouldhavebeen是情态动词would表示推测和猜想的一种句型。②核心词表afraidadj.害怕的;担心的catchvt.(caught，caught，catching)接住;捉住;赶上;染上（疾病)搭配catchon受欢迎;理解catchupwith赶上catchsightof看到catchfire着火catch(a)cold感冒catchthecriminal抓住罪犯catchone'splane赶上飞机policemann.警察aroundadv.在周围;在附近;大约;掉头prep.在…周围;绕着certainlyadv.无疑，当然，肯定dangern.危险搭配indanger处于危险中派生endangervt.危及endangeredadj.濒危的gov.(went,gone,going)去，走;进行;进展link.v.变得，变成搭配goover复习;查看，查阅gothrough通过;经历;全面检查goalongwith陪伴;赞同goabout着手做;四处走动goon(doing)sth.继续做某事gooff（铃）响;离开;爆炸gointo进入;从事某一行业goinfor喜欢goafter追逐，追求goaround来回走动;传播goby走过;顺便拜访;流逝3.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.一种文化背景下的人不像另一种文化背景下的人一样直率地表达他们的情感，这并不意味着他们没有感受到这些情感。①语法笔记本句的主干是Thefactdoesnotmeanthat。fact后面的that引导同位语从句thatmembersofoneculture...ofanother。"as...as”表示“和…一样"”，asdomembersofanother为比较状语从句，do位于主语membersofanother前形成倒装，do代替了express。doesnotmeanthat中的that引导宾语从句。②核心词表membern.成员，会员派生membershipn.会员资格culturen.文化记忆词根记忆:cult（培养）+ure（表状态）→培养出来的→文化搭配traditionalChineseculture中国传统文化emotionn.情感;情绪;感情记忆词根记忆:e（出）+mot（动）+ion（表名词）→动出（感情）→感情openlyadv.公开地4.TheLucyonexhibi