高二阅读理解专题训练

./阅读理解专题训练ATheKeytoYourHealthAcarneedsgastorunandyourbodyalsoneedsfoodtoworkforyou.Eatingtherightkindoffoodisveryimportant.Itcanhelpyourbodygrowstrongtotakecareofwhatyoueat.Therearefourmainfoodgroupsaltogether.Thedairygrouphasfoodlikemilk,cheeseandsourmilk.Theotherthreegroupsarethemeatandfishgroup,thefruitandvegetablegroup,andthebreadandricegroup.Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups.Withallthesefoodtogether,youwillbegivenenoughenergyduringtheday.Itiseasytogetintobadeating-habits.Youmayeatyourbreakfastinahurrytogettoschoolontime.Oryoumaynothavetimeforagoodlunch.Itmayseemeasyto.Butyouwillfindyourselftiredinthesedaysandyoucannotthinkquickly.Watchingwhatyoueatwillhelpyourbodyremainhealthyandstrong.Itisalsogoodtotakesomeexercise.Itwillhelpyoueatmoreifyoutakeawalkorplaygamesintheopenair.Havingagoodeatinghabitwithsomeexerciseisthekeytoyourhealth.1.Whichofthefollowingdietsdoyouthinkisthebestone?A.Corn,fish,creamandpork. B.Eggs,tomatoesandchicken.C.Milk,bread,cabbagesandbeef. D.Rice,beancurd,apples,fishandchicken.2.Whichofthefollowingisagoodeatinghabit?A.Goingtoschoolwithoutanybreakfast.B.Finishingyourlunchinaveryshorttime.C.Eatingfishandchipsforsupperallthetime.D.Havingatleastonefoodfromallfourgroupsineachmeal.3.Inthispassagethewritermainlytellsusthat.A.rightkindoffoodwithexercisewillkeepyouhealthyB.takingexercisecankeepyourbodystrongC.everypersonneedsfoodtogrowwellD.enoughenergyhelpspeoplethinkmorequickly4.Theunderlinedword"dairy"inthesecondparagraphmeans.A.theshopthatsellsmilkandbutterB.thefoodmadeoutofcowssuchasmilkandbutterC.afarmwherecowsarekeptD.aplacewheremilkproductsaremade5.Whatdoes"watch"meaninthelastparagraph?A.Lookat. B.Lookout. C.See. D.Takecareof.BThefoodweeatseemstohaveagreateffectonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadebigstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofhumanillnessisrelatedtofoodandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtofoodaswell.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,someresearchersrealizedthatthingscommonlyusedtokeepcoloursinmeatsandotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,theseadditivesremaininourfood,anditisdifficulttoknowwhichthingsonthewrappingsoffoodsarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintotheiranimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkofcows.Sometimessimilarthingsaresuppliedtoanimalsnotfortheirhealth,butjusttomakeaprofit.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertogetahigherpriceonthemarket.Althoughsomecountrieshavetriedtocontrolsuchthings,thepracticecontinues.6.Accordingtothispassage,wecanknow.A.perhapsmostofhumanillnessiscausedbywhatweeatB.perhapsmostkindsofcancerarerelatedtowhatpeopleeatC.cancerwasdiscoveredin1945D.sciencehasmadefoodunfittoeat7.Thingsthatareusedtokeepcoloursinmeatsare.A.harmful B.useless C.helpless D.dangerous8.Alltheadditives.A.arebrightandcolourless B.arenotbrightandcolourfulC.haveindirecteffectsonourhealth D.havedirecteffectsonourhealth9.Peopleuseadditives.A.tomakefoodmoreunfittoeat B.toimprovethecolourandtasteofthefoodC.tochangethecolourofthefood D.totakeoffthediseasesofthefood10.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A.Somewrappingsoffoodareharmful.B.Farmerstrytomakemoremoneyonthemarketbyfatteningtheiranimals.C."Thepracticecontinues"means"thingsarestillgoingonlikethat".D.Weneedn'ttakecareofwhatweeat.CThequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010and,adecadelater,citizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworld.ThesewerethegoalssetoutbytheShanghaiWaterAuthority.Withthecity'spopulationexpectedtoincreaseonlyslightlyandtheeconomytoboomby2020,ChenYin,anofficialwiththewaterauthority,saidShanghai'swaterconsumptionwillnotincreasefromitspresentamount.ZhangYue,directoroftheUrbanconstructionDivisionundertheMinistryofConstruction,said,"Shanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytopublicizetheseambitions.Theywillnotbeeasytoachieve."HesaidwatersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina'seconomy.Savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity'sinfrastructure<基础设施>costsby10000yuan.Lastyear,Shanghaisaved300millioncubicmetersofwatereitherfromreadjustmentofindustrialstructureortheemploymentofnewtechnology."Theaimistoarousepublicawarenessoftheseriousnessofwatershortages,"Chensaid."Theabundantsurfacewaterandamountofrainofthecityaresomisleadingthattheyresultinimproperuseofwater."Shanghailacksdrinkablewater.TheHuangpuRiver,whichsupplies80percentofthecity'sdrinkablewater,isnearingexhaustion.Thecity,therefore,hasbeenexploringnewsourcesfromtheYangtzeRiverandgrowingforestsalongittoconservequalitywater.Besidespenningregulations,theauthorityispopularizingtechnologyamongthepublictoefficientlycuttheamountofwaterused.Atpresent,thecityhas600000familytoilets,eachusing13litersofwaterperflush.Thesearetoberenovated<整修>touseonly9litersofwaterperflush.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholds—atacostof40yuaneach.Inthreeyears,allthetoiletswillberenovated,whichsavesthecitynearly15millionyuaneveryyearinwaterconservation.Anothertaskthecityisengagedinisthetreatmentofsewage<污水>toimprovethewaterenvironment.Atpresentthecitycanonlytreat44percentofitsdaily5.04milliontonsofwastewater.Tomeetthetotaldemand,27moresewagetreatmentfactoriesaretobeestablishedwithanestimatedinvestmentof18billionyuan.11.ThepeopleinShanghaigettheirdailywatermainlyfromnow.A.underground B.theYellowRiver C.theYangtzeRiver D.theHuangpuRiver12.Theunderlinedwords"theaim"herereferto.A.thequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010B.citizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworldby2020C.watersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina'seconomyD.savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity'sinfrastructurecostsby10000yuan13.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholdsto.A.makepeople'slivingmoreconvenient B.savedrinkablefreshwaterC.easeemploymentpressure D.meetthetotaldemandofwater14.Thewriterwrotethepassageto.A.callonresidentstosavewaterintheirdailylifeB.seek<寻找>waystosolvewatershortageexistinginShanghaiC.introduceShanghai'sadvancedexperienceinimprovingthewaterenvironmentD.showthatcitizensinShanghaiwillhavethebestdrinkingwaterintheworld15.IntheopinionofZhangYue,therealmeaningoftheactiontopublicizetheseambitionsistomakepeopleknow.A.itisnoteasytoachieveB.watershortageisveryseriousinChinaC.theimportanceofimprovinginfrastructureD.economicdevelopmentcan'tbeseparatedwithwatersupplyDDidyoueverlookupatthemoonandthinkyousawaman'sfacethere?Whenthemoonisroundandfull,theshadowsofthemoonmountainsandthelinesofthemoonvalleyssometimesseemtoshowagiantnoseandmouthandeyes.Atleast,somepeoplethinkso.Iftherewereamanonthemoon—insteadofmountainsandvalleysthatjustlooklikethefaceofaman—whatwouldhebelike?Hewouldnotbelikeanyoneyouknow.Hewouldnotbelikeanyoneanybodyknows.IfthemanonthemoonwerebotheredbytoomuchheatorcoldthewayEarthpeopleare,hecouldnotstayonthemoon.Themoonbecomesvery,veryhot.Itbecomesashotasboilingwater.Andthemoonbecomesvery,verycold.Itbecomescolderthanice.Whateverpartofthemoonthesunshinesonishotandbright.Therestofthemooniscoldanddark.Ifthemanonthemoonhadtobreathetostayalive,hecouldn'tliveonthemoonbecausethere'snoairthere.<He'dhavetocarryanoxygentank,asastronautsdo.>There'snofoodonthemoon,either.Nothinggrows—notevenweeds.Ifthemanonthemoonlikedtoclimbmountains,hewouldbeveryhappy.Therearemanyhighplacesthere,suchastheraisedlandaroundtheholes,orcraters,ofthemoon.SomeoftheserimsareastallasEarth'shighestmountains.Butifthemanonthemoonlikedtoswim,hewouldbeunhappy.Thereisnowateronthemoon—justdustandrock.Whenyouthinkofwhatit'slikeonthemoon,youmaywonderwhyitinterestsourscientists.OnereasonisthatthemoonisEarth'snearestneighbor—itistheeasiestplaceinspacetogetto.GoingbackandforthbetweenthemoonandEarth,astronautswillgetalotofpracticeinspacetravel.Thingslearnedonmoontripswillbeofgreathelptoastronautswholatertakelong,longtripstosomeoftheplanets.Scientistsarealsointerestedinthemoonbecauseithasnoair.TheairthatsurroundsEarthcutsdowntheviewofthescientistswholookatthestarsthroughtelescopes.Atelescopeonthemoonwouldgivethemaclearer,closerviewofthestars.16.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheMoon. B.TheManontheMoon.C.ResearchontheMoon. D.WhatItIsLikeontheMoon.17.Whatisthereasonwhyourscientistsareinterestedinthemoon?A.Themoonisbeautiful.B.Themoonisdifferentfromtheearth.C.ThemoonisEarth'snearestneighbor—itistheeasiestplaceinspacetogetto.D.Themoonistheeasiestplaceinspacetogettoandithasnoair,unlikeEarth.18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheclimateonthemoonisquitedifferentfromthatontheEarth.B.TravelingbetweenthemoonandEarthwilldomuchgoodtoastronauts.C.Thereissomefoodandweedsonthemoon,eventhoughthere'snoair.D.Ifyouwanttodrinkhotwateronthemoon,it'snotsohardtoboilwater.19.Theunderlinedword"rims"inParagraph8means.A.ball B.hill C.roundedge D.height20.Whatisthemainthoughtofthepassage?A.Wecanlearnmuchfromresearchonthemoon.B.TheremaybehumanbeingsonthemoonC.Iftherewereamanonthemoon,therewouldbemanysimilaritiesbetweenthemanonthemoonandontheEarth.D.Atelescopeonthemoonwouldhelpscientistshaveaclearer,closersightofthestars.EThevitaminsarenamedbylettersofthealphabet<字母表>.VitaminAisneededbytheeyes.ThereisVitaminAinmilk,butter,andgreenvegetables.Itcanbekeptbythebody.VitaminBcannotbekept.Itmustbesuppliedallthetimebysomeofthefoodweeat.VitaminCisveryimportanttothebody.Withoutitmen'steethbecomeloose<松的>andtheirarmsandlegsgetweak.Lemons,orangesandtomatoeshaveVitaminCinthem.VitaminDisthesunvitamin.Wegetitinmilkandeggsandfromsunlightonourskin.Thereareothervitamins,buttheseA,B,CandDarethemostimportant.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofvitamins. B.Howtogetvitamins.C.Howtogoonadiet. D.Theorderofthealphabet.22.Ifsomebody'seyesareinpoorcondition,probablyheneeds.A.VitaminA B.VitaminB C.VitaminC D.VitaminD23.WhencanwegetVitaminD?A.Whenwehavebreadandbutterforourbreakfast.B.Whenweareeatingapples.C.Whenweareworkinginthefieldinthesun.D.Whenwearehavingvegetables.24.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A.Thevitaminsarenamesofthealphabet.B.WecankeepbothVitanminAandB.C.Milkisveryimportanttohumanbeings.D.Apersonwholacks<缺乏>VitaminDshouldeatmorevegetables.FOnenightwhenmywifewaspreparingdinner,ourlittlesontookapieceofpapertoher,whichread：Forwashingthecar………………………$5.00Formakingmyownbedthisweek………$1.00Goingtotheprovisionshop………………$0.5Playingwithlittlesister…………………$0.25Takingouttherubbish…………………$1.00Gettingagoodreportcard……………$5.00Andforsweepingthecommoncorridor………………$2.00Total……………………$14.75Hismotherlookedathimstandingthereexpectingpayment.Icouldseeathousandmemoriesflashedthroughhermind.Soshepickedupthepenandturningthepaperover,thisiswhatshewrote：For9monthsIcarriedyou,growinginsideme………………NoChargeForthenightsIsatupwithyou,doctoredandprayedforyou………………NoChargeForthetoys,foodandclothesandwipingyournose………NoChargeWhenyouadditallup,thefullcostofmylove…………………NoChargeWell,whenhefinishedreading,hehadgreatbigtearsinhiseyes.Helookedathismotherandsaid,"Mummy,Iloveyou."Thenhetookthepenandingreatbigletterswroteonthe"bill""Allpaid".25.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Part-timeJobB.Mother'sLove,NoChargeC.PaymentforHouseworkD.GreedyMother26.Thewriterwrotethepassageinorderto.A.showthatchildrenshouldbepaidfortheirhouseworkB.showthatchildrenshouldnotbepaidfortheirhouseworkC.showacleverwayofteachingchildrenD.tellchildrenhowtospendtheirsparetime27.Whatdoyouthinkofthemotherinthepassage?A.Clever. B.Greedy. C.Cold-hearted. D.Selfish.28.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthat.A.theboygotallthemoneyhewantedB.themotherwasunwillingtogivethemoneytotheboyC.theboyrealizedthatitwasnotrighttoaskformoneyforthehouseworkhedidD.themotherwasangrywithwhattheboysaidGComputershavemanyusestoday：Computerscansolvedifficultproblemsandcontrolothermachines.Manypeopleusesmallcomputerscalledcalculators<计算器>tosolvesimplemathproblemsquickly.Scientistsuselargecomputerstosolvemanyproblemsatthesametime.Youcanplaygameswithcomputers,andsomecomputerscanhelpyoulearnlanguages.TheKurzweilReadingMachineisaspecialkindofcomputer.Itcanreadbooksforblindpeople.TousetheKurzweilmachine,ablindpersoncansimplyopenthebookandputitdownonthescanner<扫描仪>.Themachine"reads"thewordsonthepage.Whenonepageisfinished,theblindpersonturnsthepageandputsthebookonthescanneragain.TheKurzweilmachinecanreadinanormalvoiceorinaspecialfastvoice.Itcanreadwordswithsmalllettersandlargeletters.BlindpeopleliketheKurzweilmachinebecausetheycan"read"anythingwithit：newspapers,magazines,books,eventypedletters.ManylibrariesnowhaveKurzweilmachineforblindpeopletouse.TheKurzweilmachinecanalsohelpshortsightedchildrenlearntoread.29.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?A.Usesofcomputers. B.Calculators.C.Computerlanguages. D.TheKurzweilReadingMachine.30.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Computerscansolvealltheproblemspeoplecan't.B.Largecomputerscanonlysolveoneproblematonetime.C.WhenusingtheKurzweilmachine,ablindmanneedn'tdoanything.D.TheKurzweilmachinecanhelpnotonlytheblindbutalsotheshortsightedchildren.HAyoungmannamedCharlesLyellhaddifferentideas.HewroteabookaboutthemcalledPrinciplesofGeology<地质学>.Theearth,accordingtoLyell,wasnotonlythousandsofyearsold,itwasmillionsofyearsold.Asto<关于>thecommonbeliefthatchangesintheearth’ssurfacehappensuddenlybecauseofasingleearthquakeorflood,hesaidthatthismighthappenonceinawhile,butusuallythesechangestookplaceveryslowly.Hebelievedthatthesurfaceoftheearthhadbeenchangingfromthebeginningoftime.Thechanges,hesaid,werecausedbythelong-termactionofthewindsandseas,andbyforcessuchasvolcanoesbreakingoutundertheearth’ssurface.Onceinagreatwhilehethought,amountainmightappearforthefirsttimeafteranearthquake.Butusuallymountainswouldriseslowlyandsteadily.ProfessorHenslowwasinterestedinLyell’sideas,buthedidnotactuallybelievethem.CharlesDarwincouldnotmakeuphismindaboutthem.Buttheysethimthinkingalonglineswhichwouldlaterchangethebeliefsofthoughtfulpeopleallovertheworld.AtCambridge,CharlesDarwinstudiedjustenoughtopasstheexamination,andreceivedhiscollegedegreein1831.Duringthistime,hehadbecomemoreandmoreinterestedingeology.Attheendoftheschoolyear,hewenttoNorthWaleswithoneofhisteacherstoexaminetherockformations<构成>andtosearchforfossils<化石>.Fossilsaretheremainsofancientlivingthings.Theyareusuallyfoundfixedinrocksintheearth’scrust<地壳>.Fossilsmaybeofanimals,suchasfish,insects,birds,orhumans.Theymaybeofplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees.Whenalivingcreaturedies,itusuallydecays<腐烂>oriseatenbyanimals.However,ifitsinksintoariverbed<河床>orisquicklycoveredbytheblowingsandsofadesertstorm,thebonesarekeptupintheearth.Overmanyyearsthesoftinnerpartsofabonedisappear,leavingtheinsidehollow<空的>.Watercontainingmineralentersintothehollow.Slowlythemineralhardensandmakesthebonehardandheavy,likestone.31.AccordingtoCharlesLyell,itismainlythattheearthhasbeenformedliketoday’sshape.A.fromthebeginningoftimeB.pastsomeexperiencesofbigfloodC.overaverylongperiodofyearsD.becauseofseveralbigearthquakes32.CharlesLyellbelievedthefactthatamountainisformed.A.morebyseasthanbyvolcanoesB.moreslowlythansuddenlyC.morebyanearthquakethanbywindsD.moresteadilythanquickly33.UnlikeProfessorHenslow,CharlesDarwin.A.neverthoughtLyell’sideaswererightB.didmadeuphismindnottoacceptLyell’sideasC.thoughtaboutwhattheworldwerethenthinkingaboutD.thoughtoverLyell’sideasanddevelopedthem34.ThemainpurposeofDarwin’sgoingtoNorthWaleswasto.A.makeastudyoffossilsB.appreciatetherockinformationC.todoresearchworkintodeadanimalsD.lookforplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees35.Inwhichorderarefossilsformed?a.Alivingthingsinksintoariverbedorsands.b.Watergoesintoabonehollowtogetherwithmineral.c.Somethingsoftinabonedisappears.d.Thehardenedmineralmakesthebonehard.e.Thebonebecomeshollowinside.A.abcde B.cabed C.acebd D.ecdbaIUnderproperconditions,soundwavesarereflectedfromahillsideorothersuchobstruction<障碍物>.Soundtravelsataspeedofaboutone-fifthofamilepersecond.Ifthehilliselevenhundredfeetaway,ittakestwosecondsforthesoundtotraveltothehillandback.Thusbymeasuringthetimebetweenasoundanditsreflectiontheecho<回声>,youcancalculate<计算>thedistancetoanobstruction.DuringWorldWarⅡtheBritishmadeapracticaluseofthisruletodiscoverGermanplanesontheirwaytobomb<轰炸>Londonlongbeforetheenemywasneartheobject.Theyusedradiowavesinsteadofsoundwaves,sinceradiowavescanpassthroughfogandclouds.TheoutnumberedRoyalAirForce<RAF><皇家空军>alwaysseemedtobelyinginwaitattherighttimeandthepuzzledGermansnevertobesurprised.ItwasradioechoesmorethananythingelsethatwontheBattleofBritain.SincetheradiowaveswereusedtotellthedirectioninwhichtosendtheRAFplanesandthedistancetosendthem［theirrange<距离范围>offlight,inotherwords］,thedevice<装置>wascalledradiodirectingandranging,andfromthefirstlettersthewordradar<雷达>wasformed.36.Soundwavesreflectedfromahillcanbeusedtocalculatethe.A.speedofsound B.timebetweenasoundanditsechoC.heightofthehill D.distancetothehill37.TheBritishusedradiowavesbecausethey.A.weremoreexactthansoundwaves B.couldnotbediscoveredC.couldpassthroughfogandclouds D.wereeasiertousethansoundwaves38.Practicaluseofradiowavesbroughtabout.A.newmachinesforplanesB.aradiodirectingandrangingdeviceC.newradiosetsforRAFbombersD.adiscoveringdevice39.RadarallowedBritishtobeableto.A.discoverGermanplanesontheirwaytoLondonB.directtheoutnumberedRAFplaneseffectivelyC.killGermanbomberpilotsD.bothAandB40.Theauthorofthispassagemainlywantedtoexplain.A.exactlyhowradarworkedB.whytheBritishusedradiowavesintheirdeviceC.howradar<wordanddevice>cameintobeingD.howradarhelpedtheBritishwinthebattle答案1.解析：本题属细节理解题.从文中第二段"Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups."这句话可以看出,只有奶类、鱼肉类、蔬菜水果类和米面类四种