英语高考课件省略句

省略句

▼基本概念省略句的定义： 省略句是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。第一页第二页，共28页。简单句的省略1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。(1)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.(3)(It)Doesn’tmatter.(4)(I)Begyourpardon.第二页第三页，共28页。2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分(1)(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(Isthere)Anythingwrong?(3)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?(4)What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?(5)Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?简单句的省略第三页第四页，共28页。简单句的省略3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have:(1)–Areyougoingthere?--Yes,I’dliketo(gothere).(2)Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(givemethechance).(3)–Areyouanengineer?--No,butIwanttobe.(4)–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.--Well,heoughttohave.第四页第五页，共28页。简单句的省略4、省略表语(1)–Areyouthirsty?--Yes,Iam(thirsty).(2)Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister(lazy).5、同时省略几个成分(1)Let’smeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.(2)–-Haveyoufinishedyourwork?---(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.第五页第六页，共28页。并列句中的省略

两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.(3)Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.第六页第七页，共28页。主从复合句中的省略1、主句中主谓被省略(1)(I’m)Sorrytohearyouareill.(2)(It’sa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2、用so,not省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义。(1)–Ishecomingbacktonight?--Ithinkso.(2)–Shemustbebusynow?--Ifso,shecan’tgowithus.(3)–Isshefeelingbettertoday?--I’mafraidnot.(4)–Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?--Iguessnot.

这种用法常见的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.第七页第八页，共28页。其它省略1、连词的that省略宾语从句中常省略连词that.(2)在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略.另外，凡是进行时态和被动语态的定语从句都可省略关系代词和be动词。2、在while,when,if,asif,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless,where等连接的状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分(1)When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.(2)Shetriedherbestthough(shewas)ratherpoorinhealth.(3)If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.注意当状语从句的主语和谓语部分是itis/was时，itis/was可能省略。Youmusteatitwhen(itis)fresh.If(itis)heated,waterbecomessteam.When(itis)necessaryyoucanhelpustodosomething.第八页第九页，共28页。其它省略3、不定式符号to的省略并列的不定式可省去后面的to.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.(2)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带.Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.（3）介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to.Theboydidnothingbutplay.第九页第十页，共28页。其它省略(4)某些使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。

Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.第十页第十一页，共28页。其它省略(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。

Allwecandonowis(to)wait.(6)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。

Wefoundhim(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.

但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。

Shefoundhimtobedishonest.第十一页第十二页，共28页。其它省略4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但语序有变化。

Hadtheytime,theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.(2)WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.(3）Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?5、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).第十二页第十三页，共28页。Choosethebestanswers.1)----Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-----IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwon’thave_____onSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to第十三页第十四页，共28页。2)----ShallIinviteAnntomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?----Yes.It’llbefineifyou______.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)----Aren’tyouthemanager?----No,andI______A.

don’twanttoB.don’twanttobeC.don’twantbeD.don’twant第十四页第十五页，共28页。4)---I’llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?---Notatall______.A.I’venotimeB.I’drathernotC.I’dlikeitD.I’dbegladto5)----Won’tyouhaveanothertry?----________.A.Yes,IwillhaveB.Yes,Iwon’thaveC.Yes,Iwon’tD.Yes,Iwill第十五页第十六页，共28页。6)-----Iwon’tdoitanymore.-----_______?A.WhynotB.Whydon’tdoanymoreC.WhynotdoD.Whydon’t第十六页第十七页，共28页。7)----Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?----______?A.Idon’tthinkB.No,Idon’tthinkC.Idon’tthinksoD.No,Idon’tso8)----Haveyoufedthecat?----No,but______.A.I’mB.IamC.I’mjustgoingD.I’mjustgoingto第十七页第十八页，共28页。Thehouserentisexpensive,I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomebutI’mpaying_____here.A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch高考链接D解析：答案D。修饰比较级的threetimes只能置于比较结构之前，不能置于其后或其中；本题中比较状语从句部分被省略。第十八页第十九页，共28页。3.Isthisthereason_____atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplainedA解析：答案A。explain作“解释”讲为及物动词，须接宾语；此处关系代词that或which被省略；why引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，相当于forwhich。第十九页第二十页，共28页。4.Thedisc,digitally_______inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecordedA解析：答案A。因thedisc与record之间存在逻辑的被动关系，且动作发生在过去，须用过去分词作定语，相当于whichwasdigitallyrecordedinthestudio。第二十页第二十一页，共28页。5.________besenttoworkthere?A.WhodoyousuggestB.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC.DoyousuggestwhoshouldD.DoyousuggestwhomshouldA解析：答案A。本题结构为“疑问句+插入语+陈述句”doyousuggest为插入语,suggest后宾语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式“（should）+动词原形”

should可省略。第二十一页第二十二页，共28页。▼语法应试I.改写句子

（使用省略手段避免下面各句重复与冗赘）1.Someonehasusedmymobilephone,butIdon’tknowwhohasusedit.2.Johnworkedhardbuthisbrotherdidnotworkhard.3.Ihavelazystudentsandhardworkingstudentsinmyclass.4.---Hasheeverbeenabroad?---No,hehasneverbeenabroad.第二十二页第二十三页，共28页。5.Ifitisnecessary,wewillfinishitaheadoftime.6.Youmustnotbelateandyoumustnotbeabsent.7.Givemeyournameandaddress,please.8.Itiswelldone.9.Hecouldanswerthequestionsverywellifhewouldanswerthequestionsbuthedidn’tanswerthequestions.第二十三页第二十四页，共28页。II.单项选择1.---Iwon’tdoitanymore.----_______?A.Whydon’tB.Whydon’tdoitanymoreC.WhynotD.Whynotto2.Although____tostop,hekeptonworking.A.tellB.tellingC.havingtoldD.told3.---Willyouwastetimeandmoneyonthat?----Certainly_______.A.InotB.don’tC.notD.no√√√第二十四页第二十五页，共28页。4.----Marydidn’tattendthelecture,didshe?----Yes,she_______.A.a