自考00015《英语（二）》真题及（2022.08）

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1.[单选题]

BicycleCommutingImaynotbeamoviestar,best-sellingauthor,ormillionairewhenIgrowup,butonethingIwillbeknownfor,atleastlocally,iscommutingbybicycle.It'ssadtoseehowfewpeopledoeventhoughmanycould.Lotsofpeopleeagerlycampaignforthereductionofgreenhousegases,butbydrivingcars,they'restillcontributingtotheproblem.

Youmightbepicturingmeasanextremeenvironmentalist(环保主义者),butI'mnotoneofthoseteenagerswhowearshirtsthatsay"Helpsavetheworld:Recycle."Actually,myinterestinexercise,health,andfitnessledmetocycling.

Cyclingcanhelpyouloseweight,improveyourhealth,andpreventmanydiseases.Cyclingalsocarriesarelativelylowchanceofinjury.

Whilebeinggoodforyourbody,bicyclecommutingisalsoagreatwaytocutgreenhousegases.Manyenvironmentalistsrecycle,planttrees,anddrivehybridcars(混合动力汽车),butbicyclecommutingcouldbeevenmoreeffectivethanallofthosecombined.Youcouldcutdowntheamountofgreenhousegasesjustbycommutingbybicycleafewtimesaweek.

Bicyclecommutingsavesmoneytoo.Whenyoubuyyourbicycleandthethingsthatusuallygowithit,youmightbeshockedbythecost.Butifyouthinkabouttheincreasinglyhighgasprices,youwillknowforsurethatyoucansaveasignificantamounteachyearbynotdrivingacar.

Youmightthinkthatyoudon'thavetimeforbicyclecommuting.Actually,youprobablydo.YoucouldcutbackonyourTVtimeandpickupthisactivity.Ithelpsyoucarefortheenvironment,savemoney,andmostimportantlygetfit.

1.Iwillwriteabest-sellingbookoncycling.（）

2.Manylocalpeoplecommutebybicycle.（）

3.Iamdevotedtoenvironmentalprotection.（）

4.Istartedcyclingtoimprovemyhealth.（）

5.Peoplearelesslikelytogetinjuredwhilecycling.（）

6.Peopledrivetoworkforconvenience.（）

7.Bicyclecommutingcouldbemoreeffectiveinreducinggreenhousegases.（）

8.Peopleareinagoodmoodwhilecycling.（）

9.Gaspriceskeepgoingup.()

10.Bikesareinexpensivetomostpeople.()

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

2.[单选题]

Spilt（打翻的）MilkIrecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalachievements.Hewasaskedwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.

Herespondedthatitallcamefromanexperiencewhenhewasabouttwo.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgrip(紧握)anditfell,spilling(打翻)themilkalloverthefloor.

Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofyellingathim,orpunishinghim,shesaid,"Robert,whatawonderfulmessyouhavemade!Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?"

Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,"Rober,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitup.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge(海绵)oratowel,whichdoyouprefer?"Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.

Hismotherthensaid,"Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let’sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit."Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.

Thescientistremarkedthatitwasthenthatheknewhedidn’tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,mistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperiment"doesn’twork,"weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.

1.Thisstoryisaboutascientistwho______.

2.Hegotthemilkspiltalloverthekitchenfloorbecausehe______.

3.Afterseeingthespiltmilk,hismother______.

4.Themotherandthesonwentoutinthebackyardto______.

5.Accordingtothetext,mistakesgiveuschancesto______.

A.wasextraordinarywhenhewasyoung

B.becamewell-knownafteraninterview

C.wassmarterthantheaverageperson

D.achievedgreatsuccessinthemedicalfield

A.droppedthebottle

B.wasnaughty

C.slippedandfell

D.wasweak

A.shoutedathim

B.cleanedthefloorherself

C.encouragedhimtoplayinthemilk

D.forcedhimtocleanthekitchen

A.fillthebottlewithmilk

B.cleanthebottle

C.findawaytocarrythebottle

D.searchforanewbottle

A.knowthetruth

B.learnsomethingnew

C.dosomeexperiments

D.teachachildalesson

3.[单选题]

Volunteers①Volunteersarepeoplewhoworkwithoutbeingpaid.Theydotheworkbecausetheywantto.WeneedvolunteersbecausetherearemanythingsthatneedtobedoneinsocietywhichtheGovernmentcan’taffordtopayfor.

②Volunteersaremotivatedbyadesiretohelpothersandtomaketheworldabetterplace.StatisticssuggestthatmorethanonemillionpeopledovoluntaryworkinNewZealand.Somevolunteersdothekindofworkthattheyareparticularlyinterestedin,butperhapshaven’thadthechancetododuringtheirworkinglives.Othersmakeuseoftheirprofessionalskillsandexperience.

③Volunteerscontributetosocietyinanumberofways.Forexample,somegivetheirtimetohelppreservethenaturalenvironment.Whiletherearegovernment-runprojectstomaintainnationalparksandforests,theprojectswouldnotsucceedwithoutvolunteers.Someenvironmentalorganizationsrelysolelyonvoluntarylabor.

④"MealsonWheels"isavoluntaryorganizationrunbytheRedCross.Itdeliversmealstoelderlypeoplewhoareunabletocookforthemselves.Everyyearvolunteerdriversdeliveramillionmeals.Thisenableselderlypeopletoremainintheirownhouses.

⑤VolunteerServiceAbroadwasstartedin1962.Itsendsvolunteerstopoorcountries.Tobeavolunteeryoushouldbebetweentheagesof25and77,ofgoodhealthandhaveaskillorabilitythatisrequestedbythecountry.Volunteersspendtwoyearshelpingthelocalpeopleimprovetheirlives.Twoyearsisalongtime,butwhentheyreturn,manyvolunteerssay:Itwasthebesttwoyearsofmylife.

1.Paragraph①.

2.Paragraph②.

3.Paragraph③.

4.Paragraph④.

5.Paragraph⑤.

A.Definitionofvolunteers

B.Howvolunteersareorganized

C.Howvolunteerscontributetosociety

D.Whypeoplewanttobevolunteers

E.Anorganizationsendingvolunteersabroad

F.Anorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderly.

A.Definitionofvolunteers

B.Howvolunteersareorganized

C.Howvolunteerscontributetosociety

D.Whypeoplewanttobevolunteers

E.Anorganizationsendingvolunteersabroad

F.Anorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderly.

A.Definitionofvolunteers

B.Howvolunteersareorganized

C.Howvolunteerscontributetosociety

D.Whypeoplewanttobevolunteers

E.Anorganizationsendingvolunteersabroad

F.Anorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderly.

A.Definitionofvolunteers

B.Howvolunteersareorganized

C.Howvolunteerscontributetosociety

D.Whypeoplewanttobevolunteers

E.Anorganizationsendingvolunteersabroad

F.Anorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderly.

A.Definitionofvolunteers

B.Howvolunteersareorganized

C.Howvolunteerscontributetosociety

D.Whypeoplewanttobevolunteers

E.Anorganizationsendingvolunteersabroad

F.Anorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderlyment

4.[单选题]

Volunteers①Volunteersarepeoplewhoworkwithoutbeingpaid.Theydotheworkbecausetheywantto.WeneedvolunteersbecausetherearemanythingsthatneedtobedoneinsocietywhichtheGovernmentcan’taffordtopayfor.

②Volunteersaremotivatedbyadesiretohelpothersandtomaketheworldabetterplace.StatisticssuggestthatmorethanonemillionpeopledovoluntaryworkinNewZealand.Somevolunteersdothekindofworkthattheyareparticularlyinterestedin,butperhapshaven’thadthechancetododuringtheirworkinglives.Othersmakeuseoftheirprofessionalskillsandexperience.

③Volunteerscontributetosocietyinanumberofways.Forexample,somegivetheirtimetohelppreservethenaturalenvironment.Whiletherearegovernment-runprojectstomaintainnationalparksandforests,theprojectswouldnotsucceedwithoutvolunteers.Someenvironmentalorganizationsrelysolelyonvoluntarylabor.

④“MealsonWheels”isavoluntaryorganizationrunbytheRedCross.Itdeliversmealstoelderlypeoplewhoareunabletocookforthemselves.Everyyearvolunteerdriversdeliveramillionmeals.Thisenableselderlypeopletoremainintheirownhouses.

⑤VolunteerServiceAbroadwasstartedin1962.Itsendsvolunteerstopoorcountries.Tobeavolunteeryoushouldbebetweentheagesof25and77，ofgoodhealthandhaveaskillorabilitythatisrequestedbythecountry.Volunteersspendtwoyearshelpingthelocalpeopleimprovetheirlives.Twoyearsisalongtime,butwhentheyreturn,manyvolunteerssay:Itwasthebesttwoyearsofmylife.

1.Peopledovoluntaryworkbecausetheywantto______.

2.Somevolunteershelpothersby______.

3.Someorganizationsrelyonvolunteerstohelp______.

4.Theelderlycanhavetheirmealsdeliveredwithout______.

5.Manyvolunteersreturningfrompoorcountries______.

A.helpothers

B.leavingtheirhomes

C.cookingfortheelderly.

D.usingtheirprofessionalskills

E.findtheirexperiencerewarding

F.preservethenaturalenvironment

A.helpothers

B.leavingtheirhomes

C.cookingfortheelderly.

D.usingtheirprofessionalskills

E.findtheirexperiencerewarding

F.preservethenaturalenvironment

A.helpothers

B.leavingtheirhomes

C.cookingfortheelderly.

D.usingtheirprofessionalskills

E.findtheirexperiencerewarding

F.preservethenaturalenvironment

A.helpothers

B.leavingtheirhomes

C.cookingfortheelderly.

D.usingtheirprofessionalskills

E.findtheirexperiencerewarding

F.preservethenaturalenvironment

A.helpothers

B.leavingtheirhomes

C.cookingfortheelderly.

D.usingtheirprofessionalskills

E.findtheirexperiencerewarding

F.preservethenaturalenvironment

5.[单选题]

HowtoTalktoaDoctorIt’soneofthesaddestsituationsinmodernmedicine:Theaveragedoctor’sappointmentlasts15minutesorless.（1）Thatdoesn’tleavemuchtimeforchattingabouttheweatheroryourmood

Whatyoudon’trealizebutwhatIsee,veryclearlyasadoctoristhatwhatthepatientsaysismoreimportantthanever.（2）Theycanalsomakeitmuchharderformetofigureoutwhat’swrongwithyou.

Medicalschoolsteachaspecificwaytoconductanofficevisit.Partoneisthecomplaint.（3）Parttwointhephysicalexam.Andpartthreeiswhenthedoctorgivesyouadiagnosisandprescriptionsoratreatment.Chancesare,youfocusonpartthree,butthepatientswhoreceivethebestcarearethosewhomasterpartone.Thekeyistodescribeindetailwhatyou’vebeenfeelingnotjust“bad,”butwhatkindofbad,forhowlong,andafterwhatkindofactivity.

（4）EventhoughI’vebeenadoctorformanyyears,ItendtobealittlenervouswhenI’mtheonesittingontheexamtable.IfIhaven’tprepared,IlosetrackofthedetailsIintendedtoshare.（5）Whenthedoctorasksyouquestions,youcanbemorespecific,andthediagnosisandtreatmentwillbemoreaccurate.Andtheremaybeafewminutesleftoverforalittlepleasantconversation!

A.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.

B.Ofcourse,that’seasiersaidthandone.

C.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.

D.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.

E.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.

F.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.

A.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.

B.Ofcourse,that’seasiersaidthandone.

C.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.

D.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.

E.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.

F.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.

A.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.

B.Ofcourse,that’seasiersaidthandone.

C.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.

D.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.

E.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.

F.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.

A.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.

B.Ofcourse,that’seasiersaidthandone.

C.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.

D.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.

E.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.

F.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.

A.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.

B.Ofcourse,that’seasiersaidthandone.

C.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.

D.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.

E.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.

F.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.

6.[单选题]

PlantingaGardenPlantingagardenisalotlikehavingafamily.Bothrequireagreatdealofwork,（1）astheygrowandastheseasons（2）.Assummerdayslengthen,yourplantsbecome（3）onyou,muchlikeyourchildrendependonyouforfoodanddrink.Likea（4）childaskingfordrinkofwater,yourplantsdothesame.Theirbentbodyissuesademandmuchthewayyourchildrequestsmilkorjuice.Gettingenoughwater,theywould,thrivesoon.

Youmightalsofindyouhaveto（5）thespacearoundyourplants,muchlikeyoupickuptoysandclothesthathavebeenthrowninyourkid’sroom.Similarly,rosesneedtobepruned(修剪),andweedsneedtobepulled.Tokeepchildrenhealthy,parentsprotecttheirchildrenagainstdiseasewith（6）,andgardenersdothesamewithinsectrepellent(驱虫剂).Tonourish(滋养)them,parents（7）childrenvitamins,andgardenersusefertilizer,asboth,promotehealthygrowth.

Aschildrengrowup,theyneedlesscare.However,here’swherethesimilarityends.Whileplantsdieorbecome（8）duringwinter,children（9）maintainanimportantroleinthefamily,andparentswillfindtheir（10）doesnotcometoanend.

A.help

B.clean

C.change

D.inactive

E.dependent

F.still

G.strong

H.give

I.responsibility

J.thirsty

K.medicine

L.especially

A.help

B.clean

C.change

D.inactive

E.dependent

F.still

G.strong

H.give

I.responsibility

J.thirsty

K.medicine

L.especially

A.help

B.clean

C.change

D.inactive

E.dependent

F.still

G.strong

H.give

I.responsibility

J.thirsty

K.medicine

L.especially

A.help

B.clean

C.change

D.inactive

E.dependent

F.still

G.strong

H.give

I.responsibility

J.thirsty

K.medicine

L.especially

A.help

B.clean

C.change

D.inactive

E.dependent

F.still

G.strong

H.give

I.responsibility

J.thirsty

K.medicine

L.especially

A.help

B.clean

C.change

D.inactive

E.dependent

F.still

G.strong

H.give

I.responsibility

J.thirsty

K.medicine

L.especially

A.help

B.clean

C.change