2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit11

Unit11CyberWorldI.NewwordsandexpressionsNewwords1.chatlinen.（消遣性的）热线电话交谈服务

2.variety?n.（同一事物的）不同种类，多种式样

varyvaryfrom…to…

比较：range/shiftfrom…to…

various

3.romance?n.恋爱；爱情

romantic

4.bizarreadj.极其怪诞的；异乎寻常的

5.potentialadj.潜在的；可能的

6.scriptn.剧本；广播（或讲话等）稿

7.intimacy?n.亲密；关系密切

intimate

8.initialadj.最初的；开始的

9.perceivev.将…视为；认为

10.avalanchen.雪崩；山崩

11.literary?adj.文学的；文学上的

literature

literal

literary

literate

liberal

12.versen.诗；韵文

13.animatedadj.栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的

14.inclination?n.倾向；意愿

incline

inclined

15.sweatyadj.满是汗的；汗津津的

16.palmn.手掌；手心

17.varyv.相异；不同

18.conveyv.表达，传递（思想、感情等）

19.polishv.修改；润饰；润色

20.intellectn.（尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力

21.personalityn.性格；个性；人格

22.sequencen.顺序；次序

23.reversev.颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反

24.veil?v.掩饰；掩盖

unveil揭露，揭开

25.intellectualadj.智力的；脑力的；理智的

26.familiarity?n.熟悉；通晓

familiar

familiarize

27.appearance?n.外貌；外表

28.intensity?n.强烈；紧张；剧烈

intense

29.stirringn.（感情、想法或发展的）开始，出现，萌发

31.fleshn.（动物或人的）肉

32.suspect?v.疑有，觉得（尤指坏事可能属实或发生）

33.correspondence?n.通信；通信联系

34.albeitconj.尽管；虽然

35.demonn.恶魔；魔鬼

36.determine?v.决定

determined

determination

37.extract?v.选取；摘录；录

38.addict?n.对…入迷的人

addicted

addictive

be/getaddictedtosth.

39.hopv.突然快速去某处

40.flirtationn.调情

41.addictiveadj.使人入迷的

42.confession?n.认罪；供认；坦白

43.multipleadj.数量多的；多种多样的

44.courtv.（男子向女子）求爱，追求

PhrasesandExpressions1.headoverheelsinlove?深深地爱着某人；迷恋

2.butterfliesinthestomach?心里七上八下

3.deprive…of…?剥夺；使丧失II.TextLearningCyberlove①Thankstothelate20thcenturytechnology,MariaofDenmarkandMartijinofHollandmetonachatline.Formonthsthey'vetalkedandsentletterstoeachother?withthehelpoftheircomputersasthey?foundthemselvesfallingheadoverheelsinlove.Itwasthenthat?theydecidedtomeetinthereal,notonlythevirtual,world.Itwasnoteasytoarrangeastheyoungmanandhisladywereseparatedby700veryrealkilometers,butthedatewasasuccessandMariaandMartijnhavebeenlivingtogetherhappily?eversince.They'vecreatedahomepagetolettheworldknowhowthey'vefound?happiness?via?theInternetandintroducecoupleswho'vemet?undersimilarcircumstances.

②Throughouthistorymenandwomenhadused?avarietyofmeans?tofindeachother.Internetromance,accordingtosome,isabizarremethod,andtoothersitisanaturalwayfor?the90's?tomeet?potentialmates.

③Romancesformedontheinternet?followacharacteristicscript.?Thedevelopmentofemotionalintimacyisalongprocess,sometimestakingseveralmonths."Loveat?firstbyte"israrealthoughthereareexamples.(1)Theinitiallightexchanges,whetherbye-mailorinchatrooms,aregenerallyfollowedbyincreasinglyself-revealingtopics,andthenafterawhile,thetwostrangersperceiveeachotherasatruefriend.?Heartsopenandanavalancheofe-mailcrossescyberspacecarryingliteraryquality,andelectronicmessagesareevenenhancedwithversesandvirtualgifts(flowers,kisses,animatedpictures).Couldanyheartwithromanticinclinationsresist?(2)Whenyoureachforthemousewithsweatypalmsandbutterfliesinthestomachtolookinthein-boxfornewmail-there'sjustnowaytoescapethefact-lovehasarrived.

④Howdoesacyberromancevaryfromarealliferomance?Perhapsonesignificantdifferenceisthatcommunicationplayssuchalargepart.Wordsthatconveyfeelingshaveenormouseffect.(3)Whilebeforearealdatewefixourhairandourclothes,ontheinternetwepolishourintellect,imaginationandpersonality.?(4)Inessence,thesequenceisreversed-firstweshowourinnerbeautyandonlyafterithadwonvictorydoestheveilfalloffthephysicalvehicleofthatpersonalityatthetimeofthatfirstmeetinginperson.

⑤Itisapopulartopicincyberspacetodebatewhetherornottruelovecandevelopmerelyonan?intellectuallevel（智力方面，精神方面，即"精神恋爱"）,withoutphysicalattractionorthe?familiarity?oftheother'sappearance?(5)Toputitanotherway:isthephysicalappearanceofthemanorwomanplayapartintherelationshipif,throughtheexchangeofthoughtsandfeelings,theyalreadyfellinlove?

本部分重点及难点：1.Theinitiallightexchanges,whetherbye-mailorinchatrooms,aregenerallyfollowedbyincreasingly?self-revealingtopics,andthenafterawhile,thetwostrangersperceiveeachotherasatruefriend.

不管是通过电子邮件还是聊天室，最初是简单的交流，然后是越来越多自我表露的话题，过了一段时间之后，两个陌生人把彼此当成了真正的朋友。

perceive…as…把……看成//thetwostrangersperceiveeachotherasatruefriend.

2.Whenyoureachforthemousewithsweatypalmsandbutterfliesinthestomachtolookinthein-boxfornewmail-there'sjustnowaytoescapethefact-lovehasarrived.

(1)reachforthemouse伸手够鼠标，reachfor用手去拿，用手去抓

(2)in-box收件箱

out-box发件箱

(3)there'snowaytodosth.没办法去做某事there'sjustnowaytoescapethefact。没办法去逃避这个事实。

3.Whilebeforearealdatewefixourhairandourclothes,ontheinternetwepolishourintellect,imaginationandpersonality.

(1)while表示前后对比，再如：

Heishot-tempered,whilehistwinsisterisverygentle.

(2)polish润色

(3)句子的译文：现实中约会前我们打理自己的头发和服饰，而在互联网上，我们依靠智慧，想象力和个人品格。

4.Inessence,thesequenceisreversed-firstweshowourinnerbeautyandonlyafterithadwonvictorydoestheveilfalloffthephysicalvehicleofthatpersonalityatthetimeofthatfirstmeetinginperson.

(1)onlyafter…放在and后面分句的句首，故第二分句倒装。？？？

"only+介词短语或状语从句"句子倒装，例如：

Onlyinthiswaycanyousucceed.

Onlywhenyouhavetriedhardcanyoutastetheflavorofsuccess.

(2)句子的译文：其实顺序是相反的：我们先展示了内在美，只有在内在美赢得胜利之后，第一次见面，外在的东西才展露出来。

5.Toputitanotherway:Doesthephysicalappearanceofthemanorwomanplayapartintherelationshipif,throughtheexchangeofthoughtsandfeelings,theyalreadyfellinlove?

(1)put:state,express表达，表述

awell-putsentence措辞严谨的句子

(2)playapart/roleinsth.在对某事起作用

(3)throughtheexchangeofthoughtsandfeelings通过思想感情的交流⑥(6)Manysayitisagainstthenatureoflovetobe?deprivedof?thesenseofsight,thelook,themovement,andthebodylanguagebeingpresent.?(7)Therearethose,ofcourse,whofavorInternetrelationshipsclaimingthatthe?intensity?oftheemotionalrelationshipthatdevelopsinsuchawayissuperiortothemerestirringoftheflesh.?

本部分重点及难点6.Manysayitisagainstthenatureoflovetobedeprivedofthesenseofsight,thelook,themovement,andthebodylanguagebeingpresent.

(1)Itisagainstthenatureoflove…是违背爱的本性的

(2)deprive…of…剥夺，使丧失

Povertyhasdeprivedmanypoorchildrenoftherightto(receive)education.

区分：derive…from…

Hederivesgreatpleasurefromhelpingothers.

AlotofEnglishwordsarederivedfromLatinandFrench.

7.Therearethose,ofcourse,whofavorInternetrelationshipsclaimingthatthe?intensityoftheemotionalrelationshipthatdevelopsinsuchawayissuperiortothemerestirringoftheflesh.

besuperiorto优于……

类似用法的词：inferior,superior,junior,senior,anterior,posterior,prior，这些词表示比较，但之后都用to，不用than。例如：

Theclothisinferiortothatoneinquality.

Herhusbandistwoyearsseniortoher.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】22.Wecan't______him______therighttodefendhimselfeventhoughheisasuspectedcriminal.

A．derive,ofB．deprive,ofC．derive,fromD．deprive,from【答案】B

【解析】本题考查deprive…of/derive…from。deprive…of…意为"剥夺，使丧失"，derive…from意为"得到，派生"，故选B。本句的意思是"虽然他是个嫌疑犯我们也不能剥夺他为自己辩护的权利。"

【知识点】deprive…of/derive…from⑦Whatevertheopinionmaybeoncyberlove-itmustbesaid?infavorof?theinternetthatitputspeople?intouchwith?thosewhothey?otherwise?wouldneverhavemet.IwouldneverhavesuspectedthatthefirstpersonImetbye-mailwouldbeaGermanchimneysweeper,withwhom,afterayearofcorrespondence,?albeit?notromantic,acommonintereststillexists.

⑧ItissillytoperceivetheNetasademon,whenwedeterminehowwemeetitschallenges.WhiletherearethosewhocanusetheNet?totheiradvantage?extractingusefulinformation,therearethosewhobecomeaddicts?losingcommonsense,hoppingfromchatroom?tochatroom,writingpilesofe-mailsfullofliestochosenvictims,andwhosevirtualreality,theflirtations,becomepartoftheireverydaylives,asifadisease.Onethingistrue-theNetisvery?addictive.Accordingtotheconfessionofamultiplesubstanceaddict,itwaseasiertogiveupcocainethanthe?IRC（shortforInternetRelayChat网上实时聊天）.

⑨Inanycase,keepyoureyesopenoff-lineaswell.Turnoffthemachineandgotoadanceoraclub,becausemostwomenstillexpecttobecourtedinareal,old-fashioned,andromanticway.I.NewwordsandexpressionsNewwords1.innovative?adj.革新的；创新的

innovate

innovation

2.evolve?v.（使）逐渐形成，逐步发展

evolution

3.noveltyn.新奇的事物（或人、环境）

4.essentialn必不可少的东西；必需品

5.perceptionn.看法；见解

perceive

6.traditionally?adv.传统上；照惯例

tradition

traditional

7.dependency?n.（尤指不正常或不必要的）依靠，依赖

depend(on/upon)

dependent(on/upon)

independent(of)

dependence/dependency(on/upon)

independence(of)

IndependenceDay

8.norm?n.常态；正常行为

normal

abnormal

9.routineadj.常规的；例行公事的；日常的

10.availability?n.可用；可得到

availv.有用，有利

available

11.agencyn.（政府的）专门机构

12.navigatev.（在因特网或网站上）导航

13.access?n.通道；通路；入径

accessible

14.simplify?v.使简化；使简易

simple

simplicity

-ify动词后缀，如：beautify,clarify,purify,simplify

15.errandn.差使；差事

16.processv.数据处理

17.option?n.可选择的事物

optional

18.declinev.减少；下降；衰退

19.impatient?adj.不耐烦的；没有耐心的

patient

patience

impatience

20.gratificationn.满足；满意

21.interaction?n.相互作用；相互影响

interact

interactive

22.consume?v.消耗，耗费（燃料、能量、时间等）

consumptive

consumer

consumergoods

time/labor-consuming

23.realistically?adv.现实地；实际地

real

reality

realistic

24.standardn.（品质的）标准，水平，规格

25.tremendousadj.巨大的；极大的

26.evidencen.证明；表明

27.smartphone?n.智能手机

28.envision?v.展望；想象

-en/en-动词前缀enrich,enable,endanger,encourage

动词后缀widen,shorten,lengthen,strengthen,weaken,broaden,heighten,deepen

29.reliant?adj.依赖性的；依靠的

rely(on/upon)

reliance

PhrasesandExpressions1.becomeaccustomedto习惯于

2.takeup占去

3.inthisrespect在这方面

4.bring…tolight?揭露；披露；揭发II.TextLearningTheImpactoftheInternetonSociety1TheInternethas?hadaprofoundeffecton?society?overthelasttwodecades.Althoughitbeganasa?governmentoperation,?overtime?thisinnovativetechnologyeventuallyevolvedintoapublicnovelty.Lookingatsocietytoday,onemayfindthatthesituationhascertainlyevolved.Formany,theInternethasbecomeanessentialfor?dailyliving,?nolongerthe?funnovelty?itwas10yearsago.EvenadecadeagoifyouweretothinkaboutwhetherornottheInternethadsignificantimpactonsociety,theanswerwouldlikelyhavebeenprobablynot.WhiletheNetmayhavebeenconsidered?aneatinnovation（绝妙的革新，neat意为很棒的，绝妙的）,itwasnotlikeanyone"needed"it.

2However,overtimethis?perception?haschangedformanyindividualsinsociety.TheInternethasbecome,forthemostpart,?anabsolutenecessity,eitherbyrequirementorbydesire.?Goingonlinehasbecomeasnaturalasdoingotherdailytaskspeoplehavetraditionallydone.（承上启下句）(1)People?takeitforgranted?thattheInternetwillbeavailable,anddependencyonbeingconnectedhasbecomethenorm.?Bothbusinessesandindividuals?alike?dependupontheroutineavailabilityoftheInternet.Duetothefactthatmanybusinesses,governmentagenciesandotherorganizationshavenavigatedtotheonlineenvironment,generallypeoplerequireconsistentaccess,or24/7(24hoursaday,7daysaweek)access,ifyouwill.

本部分重点及难点：1.People?takeitforgranted?thattheInternetwillbeavailable,anddependencyonbeingconnectedhasbecomethenorm.

takesth.forgranted认为某事理所当然，想当然

takeitforgrantedthat…当宾语是从句时，要用形式宾语代替，也可以把宾补forgranted前移，宾语从句后置，即takeforgrantedthat…。

Childrentake(it)forgrantedthattheirparentsshouldgivethemmoneywhenevertheyneedit.3?InmanywaystheInternethashadaverypositiveeffectonsociety.（主题句）Ithasimproved?communication,?simplified?handlingtasksanderrands,offeredhuge?convenience,enabled?fasterprocessing,andprovidedmoreoptions,allofwhichhave?freedmoretimetodootherthings.

4?Yet,interestinglyenoughtheInternethas,insomeways,hadnegativeeffects.（主题句）Thequalityofcommunicationhasdeclined;peopleare?impatient?becausetheyhavebecomeaccustomedto?instantgratification（立即得到满足）,andusingtheInternetalsotakesupalotoftime.(2)AswebsitessuchasFacebookandothersociallybasedinteractionsincreaseinusage,manyhoursadayareconsumedaspeoplekeepupwiththeirvariousnetworks,takingawayfromotheractivities.?

本部分重点及难点：2.AswebsitessuchasFacebookandothersociallybasedinteractions（交流，互动）increaseinusage,manyhoursadayareconsumedaspeoplekeepupwiththeirvariousnetworks,takingawayfromotheractivities.

一些网站使用量大增，比如脸谱和其他社交网站。人们每天花费很多时间忙于各种网络联系，占用了其他活动的时间。5(3)Whenlookingatitfrom?thelatterperspective,onemaywonderwhetherornottheInternethastrulybenefitedsociety.?(4)Realistically,aswithanythingelse,theInternethasitsprosandcons.?Toolssuchase-mailandinstantmessaginghavebecomethestandard;socialnetworksarequicklyevolvingintothenextlevelofcommunication,andpeopleenjoytheirconstantaccess.?InthisrespectthebenefitsoftheInternetaretremendous.（承上启下句）(5)ThisisnotonlyevidencedbythemanyactivitiespeopleengageinwhentheyconnecttotheInternet,butalsobythecontinuousprogressionanddevelopmentofmobiledevicessuchassmartphones.?

本部分重点及难点3.Whenlookingatitfrom?thelatterperspective,onemaywonderwhetherornottheInternethastrulybenefitedsociety.

theformer…thelatter…前者…，后者…

benefitsth.对……有益

benefitby/fromsth.从……中受益

benefit-beneficial

联想：influence-influential

4.Realistically,aswithanythingelse,theInternethasitsprosandcons.

realistically:inreality

aswith:正如，与……一样

prosandcons正反两方面，有利有弊

5.ThisisnotonlyevidencedbythemanyactivitiespeopleengageinwhentheyconnecttotheInternet,butalsobythecontinuousprogressionanddevelopmentofmobiledevicessuchassmartphones.

(1)notonly…butalso…

(2)evidence证明

(3)译文：人们利用互联网所从事的种种活动，