专题11.饮食、卫生与健康(词汇+句式+范文)中考英语作文复习素材（含答案解析）

话题十一饮食、卫生与健康一．话题词汇【食物和饮料】1.食物food 2.大米rice3.面条noodle 4.汉堡包hamburger5.鸡肉chicken 6.牛肉beef7.肉类meat 8.鱼肉fish9.猪肉pork 10.饺子dumpling11.鸡蛋egg 12.汤soup13.蛋糕cake 14.巧克力chocolate15.糖果candy 16.食糖sugar 17.面包bread 18.三明治sandwich19.蔬菜vegetable 20.西红柿tomato21.卷心菜cabbage 22.土豆potato23.奶酪cheese 24.沙拉salad25.饮料drink 26.咖啡coffee27.牛奶milk 28.果汁juice29.橙子；橙汁orange 30.可乐饮料cola【餐具】1.勺；调羹spoon 2.刀knife3.餐叉fork 4.玻璃杯glass5.瓶子bottle 6.篮子basket7.筷子chopstick 8.盘子plate9.碗bowl 10.碟；盘dish【身体部位】1.身体body 2.大脑brain3.眼睛eye 4.脸face 5.脚foot 6.头发hair7.手hand 8.头head9.耳朵ear 10.肩；肩膀shoulder11.手臂arm 12.手指finger13.背部back 14.心脏heart15.膝盖knee 16.腿leg 17.嘴mouth 18.脖子neck19.鼻子nose 20.胃；腹部stomach【疾病与医疗】1.病；疾病disease/illness 2.牙疼toothache3.疼痛pain 4.咳嗽cough5.发烧fever 6.癌症cancer7.头疼headache 8.胃疼stomachache9.感冒cold 10.瞎的blind11.聋的deaf 12.虚弱的weak13.有病的；患病的sick 14.不健康的unhealthy15.病人patient 16.药medicine 17.手术operation 18.治疗；疗法treatment19.医学的；医疗的medical 20.医生doctor21.护士nurse 22.医院hospital23.救；拯救save 24.伤口wound【体育健身及其他】1.散步；步行walk 2.慢跑jog3.徒步旅行；远足hike 4.游泳swim5.跑run 6.锻炼exercise7.健康的healthy/fit 8.保持keep/stay9.菜单menu 10.早餐breakfast11.午餐lunch 12.晚餐supper13.(中午或晚上吃的)正餐dinner 14.饱的full15.口渴的thirsty 16.饥饿的hungry 17.点餐order 18.服务serve19.吃eat 20.品尝taste21.烹调；煮cook 22.切cut23.嗅；闻smell 24.酸的sour25.甜的sweet 26.咸的salty27.苦的bitter 28.美味的delicious二、佳句欣赏与运用◆谚语类1.Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.一天一苹果，医生远离我。2.Healthisthefirstwealth.健康是第一财富。3.Earlytobed，earlytorise，makesamanhealthy，wealthyandwise.早睡早起使人健康、富裕和睿智。◆饮食与健康类1.Sopreciousishealththatwecannotaffordtoloseit.

健康如此重要,以至于我们承受不起失去它的代价。2.Bytakingproperexercise,youwillbeabletokeepfit.

通过适当的运动,你就能保持健康。3.Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofhealth.

我们决不能忽视健康的价值。4.Allinall,wecancometotheconclusionthathealthisbetterthanwealth.

总之,我们可以得出结论——健康胜于财富。5.Recently,theproblemofhealthhasarousedpeople’sgreatconcern.

最近,健康问题已经引起人们极大的关注。6.Accordingtothesurvey,morethan50%oftheAmericanteenagersareoverweight.

根据调查可知,超过50%的美国青少年都过胖。7.Listeningtomusicisagoodwaytogetrelaxedandstayhealthy.听音乐是放松和保持健康的好方法。

8.Amongvariouskindsoffood,Ilikepizzabest.

在各种食物当中,我最喜欢比萨饼。eq\x(典例剖析)随着5月20日“全国学生营养日”的到来，《21世纪英文报》正在开展对中学生早餐情况的调查。请你根据以下的调查结果，用英语写一篇短文进行投稿，倡导营养早餐。学生比例早餐情况健康状况55%每天吃丰富的早餐身体健康，精力充沛25%吃垃圾食品偶尔生病20%不吃早餐感到饥饿，上课无法认真听讲，经常生病要求：1．必须包含表格内所有信息；2．文中不得出现与你相关的信息；3．词数不少于80。【审题指导】这是一篇调查报告。写此类作文时通常要把握以下几点：1.要认真解读表格，整理要点，决定语言形式；2.开头须直截了当，尽快入题，不要拐弯抹角、拖泥带水；3.用最有把握的词语、句型将规定内容加以表达，并结合表格阐述自己的观点，注意适当使用一些过渡性词语；4.结论性表达一定要从表格信息分析或数据归纳而来，切忌主观判断，主观臆造。【写作导图】【作文失分点与句子升格】◎失分点调查报告类作文对大部分学生而言有些困难(建议学生好好学习八上课本P13Unit2、2b内容)，一般来说，易失分的地方主要有：1．开头不知如何起笔；2．没有遵循调查数据，脱离了图表内容；3．结尾阐述自己的观点时，没有突显主题，对应开头；4．语料(词块和语块)准备不足，使用的句式比较单一，缺乏个性。◎句子升格(答案均在【佳作欣赏】中加粗体现)1．About55percentofthestudentshavegoodbreakfasteveryday.(用“wonderful”和“have…forbreakfast”升格句子)________________________________________________________________________2．Theireatinghabitsarebad.Theysometimesfallill.(用“so…that…”将两句合并为一句)________________________________________________________________________3．Weshouldhavebreakfastandeatrightkindsoffood.(用“It'snecessaryforsb.todosth.”升格句子)________________________________________________________________________BreakfastIsImportant【佳作欣赏】BreakfastIsImportantThereisnodoubtthatbreakfastisimportant.Recentlywedidasurveyaboutbreakfastinourschool.Herearetheresults.Tooursurprise，onlyabout55percentofthestudentshavewonderfulmealsforbreakfasteveryday.Theyalwayskeephealthyandarefullofenergy.25percentofthemjusthavejunkfood.Theydon'thaveabalanceddiet.Theireatinghabitsaresobadthattheysometimesfallill.20percentofthestudentsgotoschoolwithouteatingbreakfast.Asaresult，thesestudentsoftenfeelhungryinclassandcan'tlistentoteacherscarefully.What'sworse，theygetilleasily.Inmyview，it'snecessaryforustohavebreakfastandeatrightkindsoffood.Withhealthybreakfast，wecansaveenoughenergyforthewholemorningstudy.二同学们马上就要进入高中了，你们将迎来更多的机遇和挑战。你准备好了吗？你认为哪些良好的习惯可以帮助你在高中阶段更上一层楼？请结合下面图表写一篇发言稿。提示：1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥想象；2.短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3.词数不少于80，开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearstudents，Haveyougotreadyfortheseniorhighschoollife?Nowletmetellyousomethingabouthowtogetgoodhabitsinyournewstudylife.________________________________Ihopeyouwillformagoodhabitandenjoyyournewschoollife.Yours，LiHua【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1．这是一篇发言稿，应使用第一人称阐述我们应该具体怎么做来养成健康的习惯；2．根据图表提示，可以从学习习惯和生活习惯两大方面来写：学习习惯可分为课堂习惯和课外习惯，如上课集中注意力听讲，课后要对功课制定计划等方面来展开说明；生活习惯则从饮食习惯、睡眠习惯等方面来展开说明；3．可以适当发挥想象再补充一两点。【写作模板】【高分范文】Dearstudents，Haveyougotreadyfortheseniorhighschoollife?Nowletmetellyousomethingabouthowtogetgoodhabitsinyournewstudylife.Ahealthyandhappylifestartswithgoodlivinghabits.Firstly,weshouldhavegoodeatinghabits.Weshouldhavethreemealsontime.Trytoeatdifferentkindsofvegetablesandfruit.Secondly,weshouldhaveagoodsleepinghabit—getupearlyandgotobedearly.Weshouldalsoformgoodlearninghabits.It'simportantforusseniorhighschoolstudentstomakefulluseoftime.Inclassweshouldlistentoteacherscarefully.Afterclass,we'dbettermakeaplanforourstudy,thenfollowitstrictly.Ihopeyouwillformagoodhabitandenjoyyournewschoollife.Yours，LiHuaeq\x(实战演练)一一场疫情悄然改变着我们的生活习惯。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike想了解你们目前的用餐情况及你的看法，请你写一封电子邮件回复他。要求：1．内容应包含所给提示词；2．内容应包括餐前、餐中、餐后的情况介绍及你的看法；3．文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；词数80—100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：公筷serving/publicchopsticks；病毒viruses；减少传染reduceinfectionsDearMike，How'severythinggoing?I'dliketotellyouourliveshavechangedalotbecauseoftheCOVID­19.Fordininghabits，mostpeoplewashtheirhandscarefullybeforemeals.Theyusepublicchopsticksinsteadoftheirownwhentheygetfood.Theykeepasafedistancewhentheyeattogether.Andtheydon'ttalkloudlyanymore.Aftermeals，theyoftenwearmasksandtakeawalkInmyopinion，thesechangesaregoodforus,especiallyusingpublicchopsticks.Weshouldusetheminordertoreduceinfections.Itcanprotectusfromcatchingviruses.Sowecanliveasaferandhealthierlife.AndIthinkitwillbecomeadailyhabitthateveryoneshouldfollow.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou！Yours，LiHua二现在，戴眼镜的学生越来越多。为此，国家把每年的6月6日定为爱眼日。请根据下面的图表信息，以“HowtoProtectOurEyes”为题，写一篇英语短文。内容包括：多吃有益于眼睛健康的食物、多做眼保健操、养成良好的用眼习惯。提示：1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；2.短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3.词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。HowtoProtectOurEyes1.eatfoodsthataregoodforeyes2.domoreeyeexercises3.developagoodeye­usinghabitHowtoProtectOurEyesNowadays,moreandmorestudentsaregettingnearsighted,soNationalSightDayiscelebratedonJune6everyyear.Asweallknow,eyesarethewindowsofthesoul.Weshouldtryourbesttoprotectthem.Herearesomesuggestionstoprotectoureyes.First,eatsomefoodsthataregoodforeyes,suchascarrotsandeggs.Second,domoreeyeexercisestomakethemrelax.Also,it'shelpfultolookfarawayfromtimetotimeafterstudyinglong.Finally,makesuretohaveagoodeye­usinghabit.Don'treadbooksoruseacellphoneinbed.Inaword,eyesaresoimportantthatallofusshoulddowhatwecantokeepthemhealthy.三最近,育才中学有很多学生因为感冒请病假。因此学校对100名学生感冒的原因进行了抽样调查,下图是此调查的统计结果。请你用两段话写一篇短文,第一段简要说明图表内容,第二段从图表中选出一个最可能使你感冒的原因,并给出你预防感冒的建议。要求:(1)词数不少于80词;(2)短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;(3)文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。YucaiMiddleSchooldidasurveyamong100studentsaboutthereasonswhytheyhaveacold.Herearetheresults.

_____________________________________【写作范文】YucaiMiddleSchooldidasurveyamong100studentsaboutthereasonswhytheyhaveacold.Herearetheresults.Fifty-fivestudentshaveacoldbecausetheydrinklittlewater.Twenty-twostudentssleeptoolate,sotheycatchacold.Thirteenstudentswearthinclothesandtheycatchacold.Andtenstudentscatchacoldbecauseofbeinginfected.

IusuallyhaveacoldbecauseIsleeptoolate.IoftenforgettimewhenIsitinfrontofthecomputerorTV.Asaresult,Isleeplateatnight.Tostayawayfromthecold,Ithinkweshouldgotobedearlyandhaveagoodrest.Also,weshoulddrinkenoughwaterandtakemuchexercise.（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）自教育部等十七部门联合印发《全面加强和改进新时代学生心理健康工作专项行动计划（2023—2025）》以来，越来越多的人开始关注青少年的健康。某英语网站拟举办一次以“HowtoLiveaHealthyLife”为题的征文比赛。作为青少年，我们该如何健康生活？请根据下表要点提示，从如何保持身体健康和心理健康两方面写一篇英语短文投稿。身体健康心理健康坚持锻炼拥有自信保证睡眠保持好心情…………写作要求：（1）文中必须包含表格中所给的要点，另对任意一方面补充一条你自己的观点；（2）条理清晰，字迹工整，词数不少于80。开头已经给出，但不计入总词数；（3）文中不得出现真实人名和地名等相关信息。参考词汇：physicalhealth身体健康

psychologicalhealth心理健康HowtoLiveaHealthyLifeNowadays,moreandmorepeoplehavecometofocusonteenagers’health.Thefollowingsaremyopinionsabouthowweteenagersliveahealthylife.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文HowtoLiveaHealthyLifeNowadays,moreandmorepeoplehavecometofocusonteenagers’health.Thefollowingaremyopinionsabouthowweteenagersliveahealthylife.Firstly,wemustkeephealthy.Weshouldhaveabalanceddiet.Thismeanseatingdifferentkindsoffoodandlotsoffreshfruitandvegetables.We’dbetterplaysportsatleastonehoureveryday.Exercisemakesusstrongerandhelpsusrelax.Weshouldgetatleasteighthours’sleepatnight,sothatwecanhaveenoughenergytostudy.Secondly,wehavetobementallyhealthy.Wemustbeconfidentandhavegoodmoodseveryday.Finally,behappy.Happinessisimportantforourhealth.Ifyouareworriedaboutsomething,trytosolveitassoonaspossible.Tosumup,healthiswealth.Keepinghealthyisveryimportantforus.Ihopeeverybodycanliveahealthylife.【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；③提示：要求以“HowtoLiveaHealthyLife”为题，结合提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，引出自己对青少年如何过健康生活的看法；第二步，具体阐述写作内容，从身体健康和心理健康两个方面重点介绍；第三步，书写结语。[亮点词汇]①keephealthy保持健康②differentkindsof不同种类的③beworriedabout担心④sumup总结[高分句型]①Weshouldgetatleasteighthours’sleepatnight,sothatwecanhaveenoughenergytostudy.（sothat引导的目的状语从句）②Ifyouareworriedaboutsomething,trytosolveitassoonaspossible.（if引导的条件状语从句）（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）健康对每个人都很重要，我们应该学会如何保持健康。请以“Howtokeephealthy?”为题，写一篇英语短文，向学校校刊投稿。要求：1．文章必须包含以下表格中的至少4个要点信息，可适当发挥；2．文中不得出现真实的地名，校名和人名等信息；3．词数80左右；文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。should(√)shouldn’t(x)dosportseverydayrefusetoexercisekeepabalanceddiethavejunkfoodeatfruitandvegetablesstayuptoolatehaveenoughsleepplaycomputergamesalotkeephappysitforalongtime......Howtokeephealthy?Nowadays,peoplepaymuchmoreattentiontohealth.Itisnecessaryforeveryonetolearnsomewaystokeephealthy.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________