2024届宁夏回族自治区银川市兴庆区宁夏回族自治区重点中学高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷含解析

2024届宁夏回族自治区银川市兴庆区宁夏回族自治区重点中学高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2．答题时请按要求用笔。3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Youcouldalwaysputthedecisionoffalittlebitlonger.—__________IfIleaveitmuchlongerImightmissmychance.A．That’sreasonable. B．Isn’titagoodidea?C．Doyouthinkso? D．Ican’tagreemore.2．I’m_______ChineseandIdofeel______Chineselanguageis____mostbeautifullanguage.A．/,the,a B．a,/,the C．a,the,/ D．a,/,a3．—Mum,littleRaybrokehistoysagain!—Itdoesn'tmatter.Yousee,accidents_____happen.A．shall B．should C．must D．will4．Heisverytired，soheneedssometime________dutyforrelaxationandrest.A．through B．onC．with D．off5．Whyaresomebrandsmorepopularthanothers______theproductsareofsimilarquality?A．asthough B．evenif C．sothat D．incase6．Ifyouwanttogofurtherinthenewsport,thebestwayisto______andpractisemorefrequently.A．diveinB．dropoutC．catchonD．springup7．_______youhearfrommetothecontrary,expectmeonFridayatabout6pm.A．Unless B．UntilC．While D．Although8．ThenewlocallawinNanjingsaysparentsnotphysicallyharmyoungchildrenorexposethemtolong­termhungerasapunishment.A．can B．shallC．will D．need9．—Irene,doyoureallywanttogoout?—Itmayrain.___________,Iwillgoout;Idon’tmindtherain.A．Anyhow B．OtherwiseC．Somehow D．Therefore10．Wesellalotofproductsoffshoreandtheopportunitytoopenupmarketsinregions________wedon'tcurrentlysellalottoisagreatone.A．where B．thatC．what D．when11．AlthoughtheRomacouldn’tbeforcedtopaytaxes,theycouldn’tvote______theyagreedto______agovernment.A．unless,submitto B．until,correspondtoC．when,resignto D．while,compromiseto12．Visittheoldmanthisafternoon？Ifyou________，makesureyouwearsunscreenstoprotectyourskin.A．must B．canC．may D．shall13．Theargumentremainsextremelyheateditisnecessarytofrequentlyupdateteachingmaterial.A．that B．which C．if D．whether14．Britishscientistshaveproduced_____theybelieveistheworld’ssmallestChristmascard．A．which B．who C．that D．what15．Havingpicturestocolorwillkeepchildren______forhours.A．amused B．amusingC．amuse D．toamuse16．Membershipofthisclubisopentothosewhoareitsaim.A．insalutetoB．inhonourofC．inlinewithD．insympathywith17．Theexpertpointsoutthephenomenonthatcreamgoesbadfasterthanbutter______itsstructureratherthanitschemicalcomposition.A．livesupto B．getsdowntoC．comesdownto D．standsupto18．Ourclassheldafierce________astowhethertoreducetheamountofhomeworkornot.A．bargainB．competitionC．debateD．campaign19．Pleasedon’tmakesoloudnoise．ThenewsofthevolcaniceruptioninIndonesia____andIwanttolisten．A．isbroadcast B．isbeingbroadcastC．hasbeenbroadcast D．hadbeenbroadcast20．________yourblog,Iwouldhavewrittenbacktwodaysago.A．IfIread B．ShouldIreadC．HadIread D．IfIcouldhaveread第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Whenyouthinkbacktotheblackboardfromyourschooldays,whatcolorisit?Chancesarethatit'sgreen.Sowhat'supwiththename?Originally,blackboardswerereallyblack.Beforewall-sizedblackboardsexisted,late18th-centurystudentsusedtheirownminiboardsmadeofslate(石板)orpaintedwood,accordingtoConcordiaUniversity,Thosefirstboardswere,infact.black,andtheypavedthewayforthelargerones.In1800whenaScottishheadmasternamedJamesPillanswantedhisstudentstodrawmaps,thestudentscouldn'tdrawthemapstheirteacherwantedontheirtinyboards,soPillansputseveralslatestogethertocreatealargeboard.Problemsolved!Fromthere,theideaspreadquicklyasteacherscouldfinallyshowaconcepttothewholeclassatonetime.By1815,themassivewritingspaceswerecommonenoughtoearntheirownname:blackboard.Thecolorchangecameinthe1960swhencompaniessold,steelplates,coatedwithgreenenamel(漆)insteadofthetraditionaldarkslate.Thenewmaterialwaslighterandlessfragilethanthefirstblackboards,sotheywerecheapertoshipandmorelikelytosurvivethejourney.Teachersweren'tcomplainingeither.Afterall,thenew“greenboards”madethechalkpowdereasiertoerase.Plus,theenamelleftlessofaglareandthecolorwasnicertolookat.Atthatpoint,peoplestartedusingtheword“chalkboard”asamoreaccuratedescriptor,but“blackboard”stillstuckaround.1、Whatdidthelate18th-centurystudentsuseinclass?A．Blackboard. B．ChalkboardC．Greenboard D．Miniboard.2、Whydidtheheadmasteraskthestudentstoputtheirminiboardstogether?A．Tomakeacomparison. B．TomakeenoughspaceC．Todrawstudents’attention D．Toarousestudents’interest3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofthe“greenboard”?A．They'relighterinweight. B．They'remoreconvenienttotransportC．They’reeasiertoerasethepowder. D．They’remoreusefulthanthetraditionalones4、What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Introductionoftheblackboard B．Originoftheblackboard.C．Coloroftheblackboard. D．Functionoftheblackboard.22．（8分）Everybabybornadecadefromnowwillhaveitsgeneticcode(基因编码)mappedatbirth,theheadoftheworlds’leadinggenomesequencing(基因图谱)companyhaspredicted.AcompleteDNAread–outforeverynewbornwillbetechnicallypossibleandaffordableinlessthanfiveyears,promisingarevolutioninhealthcare,saysJayFlatley,thechiefexecutiveofIllumina.Onlysocialandlegalproblemsarelikelytodelaytheageof“genomesequences,”orgeneticprofiles.By2019itwillhavebecomeroutinetomapinfants’geneswhentheyareborn,DrFlatlytoldTheTimes.Thiswillopenanewapproachtomedicine,bywhichconditionssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdiseasecanbepredictedandpreventedanddrugsusedmoresafelyandeffectively.Ababy’sgenomecanbediscoveredatbirthbyabloodtest.Byexaminingaperson’sgenome,itispossibletoidentifyraisedrisksofdevelopingdiseasessuchascancers.Thoseathighriskcanthenhescreenedmoreregularly,orgivendrugsordietaryadvicetolowertheirchancesofbecomingill.Personalgenomescouldalsoheusedtoensurethatpatientsgetthemedicinethatismostlikelytoworkforthemandleastlikelytohaveside–effects.Thedevelopment,however,willraiselegalconcernsaboutprivacyandaccesstoindividuals’geneticrecords.“Badthingscanbedonewiththegenome.Itcouldpredictsomethingaboutsomeone–andyoucouldpossiblyhandtheinformationtotheiremployerortheirinsurancecompany.”saidDrFlatley.“Peoplehavetorecognizethatthishorseisoutofthebarn,andthatyourgenomeprobablycan’tbeprotected,becauseeverywhereyougoyouleaveyourgenomebehind.Completegeneticprivacy,however,isunlikelytobepossible”,headded.Asthebenefitsbecomeclearer,however,hebelievesthatmostpeoplewillwanttheirgenomesreadandinterpreted.Theriskisnothingcomparedwiththegain.1、Inthefirsttwoparagraphs,theauthormainlywantstotellusabout______.A．thesignificantprogressinmedicineB．thepromiseofaleadingcompanyC．theinformationofbabies’genesD．theresearchofmedicalscientists2、Whichofthefollowingisaproblemcausedbythisapproach?A．ThedelayingindiscoveringDNA．B．Theriskofdevelopingdiseasesatbirth.C．Theside–effectsofmedicineonpatients.D．Thelettingoutofpersonalgeneticinformation.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“…thishorseisoutofthebarn”mean?A．Geneticmappingtechniquehasbeenwidelyused.B．Geneticmappingtechniqueistoohorribletocontrol.C．Peopleareeagertoimprovegeneticmappingtechnique.D．peoplecan’tstopgeneticmappingtechniqueadvancing.4、What’sDrFlatley’sattitudetowardsthetechnology?A．Tolerant.B．Conservative.C．Positive.D．Doubtful.23．（8分）WhenHuangLizhitookherfirstclassinAfricansociologyattheUniversityoftheWitwatersrandinSouthAfricainFebruary,herprofessoraskedherandherclassmateswhatimpressesthemmostwhenitcomestoAfrica.Unexpectedly,Huang,31,foundthatwordslike“poverty”and“safari”–negativewordsthatwereoftenassociatedwiththecontinentinmediareports–werethekindoftermsherAfricanclassmatesdidn’twanttohear.Instead,theypreferredtohearthequestionansweredinthisway:“Africaisthecradleofhumankind”and“Africansarepassionateandgenerous”.Apparently,therearesomemisunderstandingsbetweenus.It’struethatwithincidentsliketheEbolaoutbreakinWesternAfricaandtheemergence(出现)ofpiratesoffthecoastofSomaliahittingthenews,it’seasyforustokeepforgettingthatAfricahasoneoftheworld’soldestcivilizations–Egypt,bornbytheworld’slongestriver,theNile.TheproofisintheGreatPyramidofGizaandtheGreatSphinxofGiza,whicharebothpopularamongtourists.AndthetombsofancientEgypthavealsobecomeendlesssourcesfortheliteratureandfilmindustries.WhenitcomestothenaturalenvironmentofAfrica,ourmisunderstandingsareonlybigger.Butthetruthisthatinsteadofbeingextremelyhotallyearandcoveredbydesert,thecontinenthaslargeareasofsavannas(稀树草原)wherelions,giraffesandzebraslive,thesnowcappedKilimanjaro–thehighestmountaininAfrica–andeventhickforestontheislandofMadagascar.Thesemisunderstandingsareoneofthereasonswhythe2018BeijingSummitoftheForumonChina-AfricaCooperationwasheldonSept3and4–tounderstandeachotherbetter.Indeed,onlybyvisitingAfricaherselfdidHuangseetheconvenientlivingconditions,theamazingnaturalbeautyandthefriendlypeople.Inhereyes,herclassmateswereashopefulaboutthefutureoftheirowncountriesastheywereaboutAfricaasawhole,andtheywerequicktodemonstrateboththeirstrongwillandactivity.“Atthatmoment,Iknewexactlywhattheywanted–theywantedtheirculturetoberespected.”1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“cradle”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Asmallbedforbabies.B．Abaskettoholdsomething.C．Aplaceforpeopletorelaxthemselves.D．Aplacewheresomethingimportantbegan.2、WhatcanweinferaboutAfricaaccordingtothepassage?A．Itisveryhotalltheyearround. B．It’snotasafecontinenttoliveinC．It’sdifferentfromwhatweimagine. D．Itisboundtohaveabrightfuture3、WhichofthefollowingwouldHuangagreewith?A．Toseeistobelieve B．ThinktwicebeforeyoudoC．Amissisasgoodasamile D．Don’tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ValuingaCulture. B．UnderstandingAfrica.C．PayingaVisittoAfrica. D．DiscoveringaContinent.24．（8分）TheextraordinarypricepaidforthelastLeonardodaVinci’spaintinginprivatehandshasresultedinafeveredguessatthebuyer—butsofarthenewowner’sidentityisinscrutable.Christie’s,theauction(拍卖)housethatsold“SalvatorMundi”inNewYorkonWednesday,hasremainedsilentaboutwhopaid$450mforthe500-year-oldwork—apricethatsetaworldauctionrecord.Withthepoolofpossiblebuyerslimitedtobillionairesandaveryfewinstitutions,someintheartworldaretryingtonarrowitdowntoaregionornationality.ThomasSeydoux,anartadviserandformerheadofImpressionistandModemArtatChristie’s,suspectsthatthebidderis“newmoney”,becausethebiddingwentupin“wildincreases”-atonestagejumpingfrom$370mto$400m.HeguessedthatthebuyermightbeabillionairefromAsia,basedoncurrenttrendsintheworldoffineartauctions.OthershavesuggestedaGulfroyalorbillionaire—perhapsfromQatar,whichhaslavishly(大量地)collectedart,orAbuDhabi,whichhasjustopenedabranchoftheLouvremuseum.TheAbuDhabibranchhasaLeonardo’spainting,“Labelleferronniere”,onloanfromtheLouvreinParisbutlacksitsown.“SalvatorMundi”hasatroubledhistory.Itwassoldfor£45atSotheby’sinLondonin1958,whenitwasthoughtto6acopy,butby2011ithadbeenacceptedasaworkentirelybyLeonardo,whenitwasincludedinanexhibitionattheNationalGalleryinLondon.Itwasthenreportedlyboughtfor$75m-$80mbyartadviserYvesBouvier,whosoldittoRussiancollectorDmitryRybolovlevfor$127.5m.MrRybolovlevsaid,“ThankstotheprofessionalismandexpertiseofChristie’s,therecord-breakingsaleofDaVinci’s‘SalvatorMundi’hashelpedbringbacksomeofthevalueofthecollection.”1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inscrutable”mean?A．availableB．unknownC．uncontroversialD．determined2、WhatmightThomasSeydoux’sAsian“newmoney”bebasedon?A．ThenumberofwealthypeopleinAsia.B．Thetrendofwealthypeoplecollectingart.C．Thereasonablewaythebuyerbidforthepainting.D．Theaggressivewaythebidderdroveuptheprice.3、WhatdidRybolovlev’swordssuggest?A．Thesaleofthepaintingreflecteditsvalue.B．Heregrettedhavingpossessedthepainting.C．Thehighbidforthepaintingwasridiculous.D．Christie’staughtushowtoappreciatethepainting.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．TroubledHistoryof“SalvatorMundi”B．HuntforNewMasterofRecord-breakingDaVinciC．TheMostExpensivePaintingEverSoldD．“SalvatorMundi”Painting’sBuyertoBeTold25．（10分）Weallthinkplantswereexpectedtogetlargerwithincreasedcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,butchangesintemperature,humidity(湿度)andnutrientavailabilityseemtohavetrumpedthebenefitsofincreasedcarbondioxide”saidresearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore.45percentofthespeciesstudiednowreachsmalleradultsizesthantheydidinthepast.Theresearcherspointedoutthatwarmertemperaturesandchanginghabitats,causedbyclimatechange,arepossiblereasonsforshrinkingcreatures.“Wedonotyetknowthemechanisms(机制)involved,orwhysomeorganismaregettingsmallerwhileothersareunaffected,”theresearcherssaid.“Untilweunderstandmore,wecouldberiskingnegativeconsequencesthatwecan’tyetquantify.’’Thechangeisbigincold-bloodedanimals.Onlytwodecadesofwarmertemperaturesareenoughtomakeretiles(爬行动物)smaller.Anincreaseofonly1degreecentigradecausednearlya10percentincreaseinmetabolism(新陈代谢).Greateruseofenergyresultedintinytortoisesandlittlelizards.Fisharesmallernowtoo.Thoughoverfishinghasplayedapartinreducingnumbers,experimentsshowthatwarmertemperaturesalsostopfishgrowing.Warm-bloodedanimalsaren’timmune(免除)fromthesizechangecausedbyclimatechange.Manybirdsarenowsmaller.Soaysheeparethinner.ReddeerareweakenAndpolarbearsaresmaller,comparedwithhistoricalrecords.ThisisnotthefirsttimethishashappenedinEarth’shistory.55millionyearsago,awarmingeventsimilartothecurrentclimatechangecausedbees,spidersandantstoshrinkby50to75percentoverseveralthousandyears.Thateventhappenedoveralongertimethanthecurrentclimatechange.Thespeedofmodemclimatechangecouldmeanorganismsmaynotrespondoradaptquicklyenough,especiallythosewithlonggenerationtimesclimatechangewillbeshowninthefuture.1、Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout_______A．Whysomespeciesbecomesmaller.B．HowclimatechangesinEarth’shistory?C．Climatechangehasmanynegativeeffects.D．Speciesarebecomingsmallerasclimategetswarmer.2、Theunderlinedword“trumped”mthefirstparagraphprobablymean_________.A．strengthenedB．gainedC．beatenD．equaled3、ResearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingaporebelievethat________A．theyhavefoundtheexactcausesforcreaturesgettingsmaller.B．alltheanimalsontheearthhavebecomesmaller.C．climatechangehasmorenegativeeffectsonwarm-bloodedanimals.D．increaseinenergyusecanleadtocreaturesgettingsmaller.4、Whatdoestheauthorfeelabouttheclimatechange?A．DisappointedB．OptimisticC．WorriedD．Shameful第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）EverySaturdaynightmyfamilyandIgooutandfeedthehomelesspeopleinthecityofOrlando.Therearehundredsofpeopleacrossthecitywithoutany1orshelter.Wehavebeendoingthisforseveralmonths.Wewantedtoseewhatitwaslikeinthe2ofahomelessperson.OnespecialthingIliketo3is,myfamilyandIdonoteatbeforewebeginour4soweknowhowitfeelstobe5Alloftheareaswegotoarevery6,suchasParramore,GoreStreetanddowntownOrlando.Weallgettogetherinthe7andpreparethefood.Someofthemealsaresandwichesandcookiesandabottleofwater.Sometimesmymom8asteaminghotdeliciousmeal.Wethen9themalluptofeed30ormorepeople.Iliketowritespecial10onthebaglike,“Godlovesyou”.BeforemyfamilyandIgetintothecar,weaskGodforprotectioninafamilyprayer.Alotofpeople11homelesspeople.Notallhomelesspeoplearedrugaddictsor12people.Someare13nice.Someofthemjusthadbadthingsthat14tothem.Atfirst,wehadtoearntheirtrust,becausealotofpeopleare15tothemfornogoodreason.Butnowthattheyseeuseveryweekthey16us.Weevenknowsomeoftheirnames.Weallhavetorememberthatthesearepeoplethathave17Someofthemshakeourhandsforgivingthemfood.Someofthemdoreallyfunnydancesbecausetheyarehappy.Afterwefinishedfeedingthehomeless,itmakesme18whatIhaveathome.Sometimesitmakesmesad,andmakesmymom19.Ilovefeedingthehomeless,andmakinga(n)20insomeone’slife.1、A．power B．strength C．experience D．food2、A．belief B．plan C．life D．dream3、A．mention B．charge C．expect D．gain4、A．collection B．journey C．holiday D．investigation5、A．curious B．separate C．tense D．hungry6、A．dangerous B．tidy C．busy D．peaceful7、A．birthday B．kitchen C．field D．restaurant8、A．eats B．buys C．prepares D．serves9、A．break B．give C．use D．bag10、A．notes B．poems C．novels D．articles11、A．arrest B．misunderstand C．save D．adopt12、A．patient B．active C．bad D．careless13、A．finally B．luckily C．barely D．really14、A．happened B．owed C．led D．added15、A．interesting B．mean C．familiar D．unusual16、A．trust B．respect C．forgive D．relax17、A．tasks B．goals C．feelings D．methods18、A．accept B．require C．spend D．appreciate19、A．fight B．cry C．complain D．argue20、A．experiment B．fortunate C．difference D．report第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空TonyandIaregoodfriends．WetriedtowalkacrosstheUnitedStatesofAmerica．We'renotexactlysure1．weweredoingit．Partofitwastotestourselves；toseeifwecouldfacethechallenges．WhenIwas2．teenagerIoftendaydreamedthatIwasgoingtowalkacrosstheUnitedStates3．Igraduatedfromhighschool．4．，Ididn'tdothat．BeforeIknewitIwasinmythirties，married，5．（have）ajob，yetstillhadthisideainmymindwitheach6．（pass）year．IfiguredIwastoooldandmyopportunityhadpassed．Then，afewyearsago，ImetTony，7．wasinhisthirtiesandquithisjobasacivilengineerinNewYorkCitytowalkacrosstheUnitedStates．Hewasn'tdoingitforacause8．aspartofanorganization．Hewasdoingit9．（simple）becausehelovedtowalkanddiscover．TheideawasbackandInolongerhadanexcuse．Weplannedonaveraging20milesadayandtakingsomedaysofftorest，soweexpectedthewalktotakeabout6monthsrealizingitcouldtake10．（long）．Wewereinnohurry：Thetotaldistancewouldhavebeenabout3，100miles．第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。MobilepaymentisservingforpeoplewidelyinChina、Thecashlesstrendhadneverbeenmorepopular、Withthewidespreaduseofmobilepayment,WechatandAlipayaretwoofthemostconvenientandsafewaystopay、Peoplerarelyneedtocarryawalletandcashatall、TheyareusedtopayingbyscanQRcodes(二维码)、Whenconsuming、Asresult,peoplewillneverworryabouttheconsequencewhichtheymaygetfakenotes、Besides,peoplecanoftengetdiscountsifwemakemobilepayments、Mobilepaymentiswinningoverplentyofconsumerwithitsconvenience、