高考英语二轮复习 综合模拟练（四）-人教版高三英语试题

综合模拟练(四)第Ⅰ卷第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．—Iwouldn’tagreewithhimifIwereyou.—Thesuggestionheputforwardisverypractical.(2017·天津一中5月考，7)A．Whynot? B．Welldone!C．Itdepends. D．Goodluck!答案A解析Whynot？为什么不；Welldone！干得好；Itdepends.看情况而定；Goodluck.祝您好运，大吉大利。结合句意他提出的建议实际，可知选A。2．Ifafriendsnapsatyouorisunfriendly，stepback，andwithasenseofcompassion，trytoexperiencelifefromhis.A．perspective B．priorityC．privilege D．policy答案A解析句意为：如果一个朋友冒犯了你，或对你不友好，退一步，怀着同情心，试着从他的角度去感受生活。perspective观点，景色；priority优先权；privilege特权；policy政策。故选A。3．Tommakesaruletogiveasummaryofthenewimportantpointsafterclass.(2016·天津五校联考，22)A．that B．whatC．them D．it答案D解析句意为：Tom有在课下总结新的重要知识点的习惯。此处it作形式宾语，arule是宾补，后面的不定式作真正宾语。故选D。4．Goingoutisgoodmeansofrelaxation.Wouldyouliketogotoparkwithmeintheafternoon？(2016·南开区一模，3)A．the；the B．the；aC．a；the D．/；a答案C解析句意为：外出是很好的放松的办法，你下午愿意和我一起去公园吗？第一空填a，泛指一个很好的放松手段；第二空填the，指双方都知道的公园。故选C。5．—Whothewholething，MaryorLucy?—Neither.IlearneditfromJohn.(2016·天津一中月考，20)A．gaveout B．gaveoffC．gaveup D．gaveaway答案D解析句意为：——谁泄露了整件事情？Mary还是Lucy？——都不是，我从John那里知道的。giveout分发，发出，耗尽；giveoff发出；giveup放弃；giveaway赠送，泄露，出卖。根据句意可知D正确。6．Theworld’spopulationhit7billiononMondayamongcelebrationsandconcernsaboutthegrowingnumberofpeoplewillaffecttheearth’sresources.A．why B．howC．whether D．what答案B解析句意为：在各种庆祝活动中，世界人口在星期一达到了七十亿，也引起了人们对日益增长的人口究竟会如何影响地球的资源这一问题的关注。分析句子可知空格处引导宾语从句，从句已为完整句子，考虑连接副词，根据句意知选B。7．Whetherthebuildingsinthisareashouldbepulleddownhasremained；peoplearestilllookingforotherpossiblesolutions.(2017·和平区三模，10)A．unchallenged B．relevantC．contradictory D．controversial答案D解析unchallenged无异议的，不成问题的；relevant相关的；contradictory矛盾的；controversial有争议的。根据下文，人们仍然在寻找其他可能的解决方法，说明是有争议的，故选D。8．AsinglebottleofCokeeverydaywon’tdoyoumuchharm.，youcanburnoffthecaloriesfromthatbottleofCokewithexercise.A．Asamatteroffact B．OntheotherhandC．Atthesametime D．Inaword答案A解析句意为：每天一瓶可乐并不会有太多危害。事实上，你可以通过运动燃烧掉这瓶可乐的热量。asamatteroffact事实上，实际上。故选A。9．Ifyouwaitforcertainthingstomakeyouhappy，youwillalwaysfeelunfulfilled.(2017·天津五校联考二模，4)A．happen B．tohappenC．happened D．happening答案B解析happen修饰things作后置定语，要用非谓语动词；happen与things构成主谓关系，且句意表达的happen动作还未发生，要用动词不定式表将来。故选B。10．Shesomeone，soInoddedtoherandwentaway.A．phoned B．hadphonedC．wasphoning D．hasphoned答案C解析句意为：她当时正在给某个人打电话，所以我向她点点头，就走开了。从逗号后内容可以看出，“我”走开是因为她在打电话，表示当“我”看到她的时候正在发生的事情，再根据句中的nodded和went可知，应该用过去进行时，答案选C项。11．Languagesacrosstheworldarebecomingextinctendangeredmammalsandfourtimesendangeredbirds.(2016·天津一中月考，22)A．attwicetherateof B．astwicefastasC．twicefasteras D．twiceatrateof答案A解析句意为：世界上的语言消亡的速度是濒危动物灭绝速度的两倍，是濒危鸟类灭绝速度的四倍。固定短语attherateof意为“以……的速度”；对比选项可知A选项采用“倍数＋the＋名词＋of”的表达方法。故选A。12．Weshouldprotectourenvironmentfrombeingpollutedournextgenerationwillenjoyablueskyandliveahealthylife.A．asif B．sothatC．evenif D．incase答案B解析句意为：我们应该保护我们的环境免受污染，这样我们的下一代就可以享受蔚蓝的天空，过健康的生活。asif似乎；sothat以便，为的是；evenif即使；incase以防万一。故选B。13．Heusedtostudyinavillageschool，wasrebuilttwoyearsago.(2017·南开区四模，11)A．which B．thatC．where D．whose答案A解析根据句意及形式可知后半句是非限制性定语从句。定语从句的先行词是指物的school“学校”，且定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选A。14．Oppositeourschool，wherealotofpeopleplayortakeexerciseatanytime.(2016·河东区一模，6)A．doesaparklie B．isaparklieC．aparklies D．liesapark答案D解析句意为：我们学校对面有一所公园，在那里任何时间都有许多人在玩或做锻炼。方位副词oppositeourschool位于句首，用完全倒装，故选D项。15．—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetreeswell，butIdidn’twaterthem.(2017·和平区三模，15)A．mightgrow B．wouldhavegrownC．needn’thavegrown D．wouldgrow答案B解析句意表达的是对过去事实的虚拟，要用“情态动词＋havedone”；needn’thavedone本不必做某事，与句意矛盾。故选B。第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(2016·河北区三模)WhenNancyLublingot5,000fromhergreatgrandfather，sheneveronceconsideredtakingavacationorpayingoffstudentloans.16，the24­year­oldNewYorkUniversitylawstudentbeganthinkingabouttheclothing17facedbymostoftoday’slow­incomewomen：“Ifshegoesforajobinterview18dressed，shewon’tgetthejob，”Lublinsays.“Butwithoutajob，shecan’t19properclothing.”Afewweekslater，Lublin20DressforSuccessandbegansearchingforclothingandvolunteers.Sheaskedwomentogiveaway21businessclothesthatwere22ingoodcondition.Sheaskedthemembersofdietcenterstogiveawayclothesthatnolongerfit.AtfirstLublin23theclothesinherone­bedroomapartment，butfinallyshefound24inGreenwichVillagechurchbasement，whichnow25astheorganization’smainoffice.Today，whenwomenarriveattheofficeforhelpwithjob­hunting，they26adress，shoes，abag，stockingsandjewelry，andself­confidenceaswell.Somearetryingtoenterthework27afterbeingonwelfareforyears.28DressforSuccessfitteditsfirstpersonwhogothelpayearago，morethan1,000womenhavereceiveddressesandmanyhavewon29.YaritPolancowasrecently30asalaw­firmofficemanager.“ThankstoDressforSuccess，Imadeagoodimpressionandwasaccepted，”shesays.Donationsarenow31in，includingjewelryand6,000pairsoftrousersand40,000worthofhandbags.Broadcastjournalistshavegivensuits.AndLublinisopeningDressforSuccess32inothercities.“Manywomenhaveclothes33aroundthatthey’llneverwearagain，”saysavolunteer.“Nancy’s34issimpleandpracticalandthe35hasprovedsoimportanttothosewomenwhoareingreatneedofit.”语篇解读本文进述了南希在从曾祖父那里得到5000美元后，开办“DressforSuccess”着手帮助低收入女性找到更好的工作。16．A.Anyway B．InsteadC．Fortunately D．Meanwhile答案B解析当Nancy从曾祖父那儿获得5000美元时，她没有考虑度假或偿还贷款，而是(instead)考虑今天大多数低收入女子所面临的穿衣状况(condition)。17．A.condition B．directionC．design D．plan答案A解析见上题解析。18．A.poorly B．wellC．better D．worse答案A解析如果一个女子面试求职时穿得很糟糕(poorly)，她就找不到工作，而找不到工作，就负担(afford)不了合适服装的费用。19．A.make B．findC．wear D．afford答案D解析见上题解析。20．A.reached B．calledC．founded D．visited答案C解析Lublin成立(found)了DressforSuccess。21．A.used B．neededC．new D．torn答案A解析她请女子捐出一些用过的(used)但仍然(still)较好的商业服装。used用过的，旧的。22．A.yet B．alreadyC．almost D．still答案D解析见上题解析。23．A.hid B．storedC．discovered D．hanged答案B解析hide躲藏；store贮存；discover发现；hang悬挂，绞死。24．A.space B．employersC．work D．office答案A解析一开始Lublin在她放了一张床的房间存放人们捐出的衣服，但最后她在格林威治村教堂地下室找到了存放空间(space)，现在这空间已成了(serve)该组织的主要办公室。25．A.regards B．servesC．looks D．lies答案B解析serveas充当，担任。26．A.buy B．sellC．receive D．watch答案C解析由倒数第二段第一句的received反推这儿填receive。27．A.office B．victoryC．wealth D．force答案D解析有些多年靠福利救济的女子也正努力加入到找工作的行列中。workforce职工，劳动力。28．A.When B．OnceC．Although D．Since答案D解析自从(since)DressforSuccess一年前给第一个女子服务以来，已有超过1000名女子收到衣服，很多女子还找到了工作(job)。29．A.jobs B．shoesC．business D．prizes答案A解析见上题解析。30．A.fired B．hiredC．interviewed D．considered答案B解析YaritPolanco最近被雇为(hire)法律服务中心经理。fire解雇；hire雇佣；interview面试；consider考虑，打算。31．A.giving B．pouringC．showing D．sending答案B解析现在的捐赠品很多，像潮水一样涌进(pour)。pour涌入。32．A.schools B．tradesC．races D．branches答案D解析Lublin在别的城市开办DressforSuccess分部(branch)。branch树枝，分支，分部，支流。33．A.lying B．appearingC．collecting D．coming答案A解析许多女子的衣服闲置着。lie躺着；appear出现；collect收集，募集；come来。34．A.promise B．beliefC．idea D．opinion答案C解析Nancy的想法(idea)很简单，事实证明这对那些急需帮助的女子来说显得非常重要。35．A.help B．workC．shop D．money答案A解析见上题解析。第二部分阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2017·南开区三模)PlanontravelingaroundtheUSAthissummer？Ifyouneedhelpinarrangingthetrip，orwantideasaboutwheretogoandwhattodo，thereareanumberofoutstandingwebsitesthatcanmakeyourAmericandreamcometrue.http：//TheNationalScenicBywaysProgramcovers150memorableroads.Somearenaturalroutes，suchasRoute1alongtheCaliforniacoast.Othersfocusonhistory(suchasRoute6)orman­madeattractions(theLasVegasStrip)．Foreach，youareprovidedwithamap，toldtheroute’slengthandhowlongisallowed，andgivendetailedsuggestionsonsightsandstop­ThisisthebestwebsiteforreviewsofhotelsinUScitiesandresorts.Thereviewsareimpressivelythorough，coveringlocations，rooms，cleanliness，foodandsoon.Importantly，thesearenotpromotionalphotosbythehotels，butmorehonestandrealonestakenbyinspectors.Searchfacilitiesareexcellent.Fromthe243hotelsreviewedintheNewYork，youcannarrowdownwhatyouarelookingforbylocations，facilitiesandstyles，orjustpickoutaselectionofthebest.www.101usaholidays.co.ukThisisthelatestofferingthatfeatures101holidayideastotheUSA.It’sanimpressivelydiverseselection，rangingfromtouringinthefootstepsofMartinLutherKingtoagolfingbreakinArizonaandacyclingandwine­tastingtripinCalifornia’sNapaValley.Narrowdownwhatyouarelookingfor—whetherbyprice，region，themeandwhowillbetraveling—andthenjustthephotosoftherelevantholidaysremainonview.It’sareallycleverWaltDisneyWorldinCaliforniacanmakedreamscometrue，butthepriceisnotaffordableforthemajorityofpeople.SoturntolongestablishedM，dedicatedtogivingbigdiscountsontickets，hotelsanddiningatWaltDisneyWorld.Thewebsitealsooffersgeneralmoney­savingtips，suggestionsforcheapandfreestuffandbriefcoverageofotherFloridaandCaliforniathemeparks.语篇解读本文是广告布告类阅读。文章主要为今年夏天准备去美国旅游的人推荐了几个与旅游有关的网站，网站提供了出行安排、旅游景点、旅游中可以做的事情等方面的信息。36．IfyouaregoingtotheUSAfortheman­madeattractions，youcandrivealong.A．Route1 B．Route6C．theLasVegasStrip D．theCaliforniacoast答案C解析细节理解题。根据http：//部分的“Othersfocusonhistory(suchasRoute6)orman­madeattractions(theLasVegastrip)．”可知，关注历史的选路线6，关注人造景点的选拉斯维加斯之旅。所以拉斯维加斯之旅适合欣赏人造景观的游客，故选C。37．WhyarethephotosofthehotelsinUScitiesandresortsrealin?A．Becausetherearequalificationsoftheauthority.B．Becausetheyaretakenbyinspectorsofthewebsite.C．Becausetherearecommentsofcustomersoneachphoto.D．Becausetheyweretakenbycustomerswhooncelivedthere.答案B解析细节理解题。根据部分的“Importantly，thesearenotpromotionalphotosbythehotels，butmorehonestandrealonestakenbyinspectors.”可知，这些不是酒店的宣传照片，他们是由网站的检查员拍摄的。所以网站上关于宾馆的照片都是实地拍摄的，没有广告宣传的成分在里面。故选B。38．Travelideasforabigfamilywithkidsandtheoldareavailableat.A．B．http：//C．D．www.101usaholidays.co.uk答案D解析细节理解题。根据www.101usaholidays.co.uk部分的“Narrowdownwhatyouarelookingfor—whetherbyprice，region，themeandwhowillbetraveling”可知，www.101usaholidays.co.uk符合题目要求，故选D。39．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．California’sNapaValleyisfamousforitswine.B．isanewlyestablishedwebsite.C．TheNationalScenicBywaysProgramcoversalltheroadsintheUSA.D．DiscountedticketsofWaltDisneyWorldarenotavailableforeveryone.答案A解析推理判断题。根据www.101usaholidays.co.uk部分的“...acyclingandwine­tastingtripinCalifornia’sNapaValley.”可知，游客可以前往NapaValley享受品酒之旅，故选A。40．Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Ahealthcolumn.C．Aculturejournal. D．Atouristbrochure.答案D解析文章出处题。根据第一段的“PlanontravelingaroundtheUSAthissummer...thereareanumberofoutstandingwebsitesthatcanmakeyourAmericandreamcometrue.”可知，如果你计划今年夏天环游美国。有许多优秀的网站可以让你的计划成真。文章接下来介绍了几个与旅游有关的网站，所以本文可能来自于旅游手册。故选D。B(2016·武清区三模)IrememberthelasttimeIwasinGothenburg，Iwalkedpastamanwhowasholdingasignthatsaid“AllYouCanEatPizza”．Iwaslookingattheman，andIwaslookingatthesign.ButIdidn’tendupgoingtotheAllYouCanEatPizza.Lookingatthismanwiththesigninhishand，Istartedthinkingaboutundercovermarketing.Well，thismanandthissignwasmoreorlesstheoppositeofundercovermarketing.Hewastellingtheworldwhohewasworkingfor.Onceinawhile，youdon’trealizethatyou’vebeenmarketedto.Peoplehavenameditstealthily(暗地里)marketingorundercovermarketing.Oneofthemostobviousexamplesiswhenstarsgetfreeclothesorfreeproductsthattheyareusingtogetother“ordinary”peopletostartbuyingthem.Thesamegoesforproductplacement(植入式广告)inmovies.Thereasonwhyit’sundercovermarketingisthatitdoesn’tsayanywherethatwe’reactuallylookingatanytypeofpromotion.IrememberSylvesterStallonetooka500,000paymentfromonetobaccocompanytomarkitsbrandinthreeofhisfilms.Thereasonwhyundercovermarketingworksisthatpeopletendtotrustitmorethaniftheyknowthatit’sanadvertisementthatacompanyhaspaidfor.And，it’saloteasiertocreateabuzzwithamarketingcampaignthatpeopledon’tknowisamarketingcampaign.OnegreatexampleiswhenRay­BanstartedtheirmarketingcampaignonYouTube(视频网站)calledSunglassCatch.Rightnow，ithasmorethan5.2millionviews，andIthinkthatthenumberwouldhavebeenmuchlowerifpeoplehadknownthatitwasapaidmarketingcampaignbyRay­Ban.Themostobviousriskforanundercovermarketingcampaignisfailingtokeepthecampaignhidden.Ifpeoplefeel，orunderstandthattheyarebeingmanipulated(操作)intolikingtheproduct，theymightbecomeangryattheproductand/oratthecompany.Thisway，especiallywiththespeedofcommunicationinsocialmedia，afailedundercovermarketingcampaignmighthurtacompanyreallybad.eq\x(语篇解读秘密营销，植入式广告无处不在。它很有效，但也有风险。)41．Theauthordidn’tgototheAllYouCanEatPizzabecause.A．hewasn’tattractedbythesignB．hewasinterestedinthemanC．hewasverybusythatdayD．hedidn’tunderstandthesignatall答案A解析推理判断题。由第一段内容可知，作者对该男子的广告不感兴趣。42．WhydidthetobaccocompanygiveSylvesterStallonemoney?A．Becausethecompanyworkerslikedhisfilms.B．Becausehewasafamousperson.C．Becauseheadvertiseditsbrandinpublic.D．Becausehemarkeditsproductsinfilms.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“...tomarkitsbrandinthreeofhisfilms.”可知选D。43．Theunderlinedpart“createabuzz”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“”．A．getagoodpriceB．attractpeople’sattentionC．makeanewproductD．createmorejobs答案B解析词义猜测题。植入式广告起作用的另一原因是它比正式广告更容易吸引人们的注意力。44．Ray­BanismentionedinParagraph4mainlyto.A．criticizetheuseofundercovermarketingB．explainhowtouseundercovermarketingC．showtheadvantageofundercovermarketingD．proveundercovermarketingisusedfrequently答案C解析推理判断题。根据该段中心句“Thereasonwhyundercovermarketingworks...haspaidfor.”可知，所举例子是例证植入式广告的有效性的。45．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theriskofdoingundercovermarketing.B．Examplesofundercovermarketing.C．Whyundercovermarketingworks.D．Whatundercovermarketingmeans.答案A解析段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句“Themostobviousriskforanundercovermarketingcampaignisfailingtokeepthecampaignhidden.”可知，该段讲的是植入式广告的风险。C(2017·和平区二模)Therearemomentsinlifewhenyou’reinthemiddleofsomeactivityandthink，“Ilovedoingthis.Loveit！”Maybeithappensonthegolfcourse，orcamping，orwhenyou’rehavingdinneratafavoriterestaurant.Therearesomanythingstoloveaboutmodernlife.I’minlovewith35milesperhour.It’sadifficultkindoflovetotalkaboutinthepresentageofTVcommercialsandbig­budgetmoviesthatconstantlypromoteandglorifyimagesofvehicleswithroaringenginesandsmokingtiresthunderingacrosscitystreetsinendlesspursuitofadventure.Mypersonalityhasneverhadafast­and­crazyside.IvividlyrecallgoingtoDisneylandasayoungteenagerandbeingemotionallythrashedontheMatterhornrollercoasterride.OtherkidswerehowlingwithdelightatthesharpturnsandsteepdropswhileIwasmentallyrepeatingthephrases“Pleasebeoversoon”and“Idon’twanttodie”．Donot，however，assumeIspendmostofmyroadtimetremblingbehindthesteeringwheel.Freewayfrightisnotmypartner.After45­plusyearsontheroad，Icanhandleavastrangeoftraffichardships.I’vehadmyshareofrigidjointsandsweatypalmsbutnotoneaccidentsinceacurvingfender(挡泥板)incidentincollege.Igowiththeflow.Butinprivatesituations，aloneonsomesuburbanavenueorcountrylane，Iliketoeaseoffthegaspedal，settleinatasmooth35mph.It’saspeedthatallowsmetoappreciatemysurroundingsbecausethescenerydoesn’tflashbyinablur.There’salsoasignificantsafetyfactorbecauseslowingdownmeansIhavemoretimetoreactandavoidholes，bouncingballs，wildanimals，orotherrisksthatmayappearunexpectedly.Thisismywayofpushingbackagainsttheinsistentlyincreasingpaceofourhigh­intensity，on­demandsociety.Thinkofitasacardriveonatrail.Whenyouloadupforatrip，youdon’traceacrossthecountrysideatafulldash.It’smuchnicertowanderalongandfindpleasureinthejourney.语篇解读本文属于人生感悟类阅读，主要讲述了作者喜欢的慢速生活，虽然与现代社会格格不入，但是会发现不一样的风景。46．Thewriterthinksherloveof35milesperhour.A．doesn’tagreewiththemodernsocietyB．istoocomplicatedtotalkaboutwithothersC．willbecomepopularafterbeingadvertisedonTVD．willstartaslowmovementinsociety答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段可知作者认为她爱的35英里每小时的低速度是不被这个社会接受的。故选A。47．ThewritermentionedherexperienceinDisneylandtoprove.A．cautionisgoldenruletoavoidaccidentsB．shewasn’tboldenoughtochallengehighspeedC．ridesmakechildrenmentallywildwithjoyD．Disneylandisaplacewherekidsenjoypleasure答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“OtherkidswerehowlingwithdelightatthesharpturnsandsteepdropswhileIwasmentallyrepeatingthephrases‘Pleasebeoversoon’and‘Idon’twanttodie’．”可知作者提到她在迪士尼乐园的经历证明她并不敢于挑战高速度。故选B。48．Accordingtothepassage，thewriter.A．droveslowlybehindothercarsonfreewayB．couldn’thandleanemergencyindrivingC．droveasfastasothersontheroadD．experiencedafewtrafficaccidents答案C解析推理判断题。根据第五段第三、四句“After45­plusyearsontheroad，Icanhandleavastrangeoftraffichardships.I’vehadmyshareofrigidjointsandsweatypalmsbutnotoneaccidentsinceacurvingfender(挡泥板)incidentincollege.”可知作者开车和别人一样快。故选C。49．Theunderlinedword“blur”inParagraph7couldbereplacedby.A．unknowndanger B．quickreactionC．unclearreason D．foggysight答案D解析词义猜测题。根据第七段首句“It’saspeedthatallowsmetoappreciatemysurroundingsbecausethescenerydoesn’tflashbyinablur.”(这是一个能让我欣赏我的周围的速度，因为风景不会模糊地一闪而过)，可知blur意为“模糊的情况”，故选D。50．Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.A．MyLifeintheSlowLaneB．MyHabitofDrivingonRoadsC．MySpecialLoveforRacingD．MySlowPaceofLife答案A解析标题归纳题。根据最后一段最后两句“Whenyouloadupforatrip，youdon’traceacrossthecountrysideatafulldash.It’smuchnicertowanderalongandfindpleasureinthejourney.”可知最佳标题为“我的生活在慢车道”。故选A。D(2016·河西区二模)Peoplemayusetheexpression“birdbrain”inEnglishtotalkaboutsomeonewhoisstupid，butcrowsprovethatthisisunfair.Nowithasbeendiscoveredthatcrowsmayunderstandanalogy(类推法)．Itwasoncethoughtthatonlyhumanscouldunderstandanalogy，whichhelpsustosolveproblemscreatively，putthingsintocategories，andmakescientificdiscoveries.Totestthisabilityinanimals，scientistsdo“relationalmatching­to­sample”(RMTS)tests，accordingtotheIFLSciencewebsite.IfapairwasAA，forexample，thenpickingBBtomatchitwouldbecorrect.IfthepairwasCD，however，thenEFwouldbecorrect.ApesandmonkeyshavelearnedRMTS，butscientistswantedtoknowifcrowscoulddoit，too.AninternationalteamledbyEdwardWassermanfromtheUniversityofIowaintheUSfirsttrainedtwohoodedcrowstomatchthingsbycolor，shape，andnumberinwhatiscalled“identitymatching­to­sample(IMTS)”，thenmovedontoRMTS.FortheIMTStest，thebirdswereputinacagewithaplastictraythathadthreecardsandtwocupsinit.Thecardinthemiddlewasthesamplecard.Thecupsoneithersidewerecoveredwiththeothertwocards：Onewasthesameasthesample(inthecolor，shape，ornumberofshapespictured)，whiletheotherwasn’t.Thecupwiththecardthatmatchedthesamplecardcontainedtwowormstoeat.Inthesecondpartoftheexperiment，thebirdsweretestedwithrelationalmatchingpairs.Acardwithtwosame­sizedcircles，forexample，meanttheyshouldpickthetestcardwithtwosame­sizedsquaresandnottwodifferent­sizedcircles.Thebirdsdidwellinthemoredifficulttestandpickedthecorrectcardmorethanthreequartersofthetime，ScienceNewsreports.WassermanwassurprisedthatcrowswereabletosolvetheproblemwithoutanytraininginRMTS.“Whatthecrowshavedoneisextraordinary，”hesaidinanewsrelease，“Honestly，ifitwasonlybyforcethatthecrowsshowedthislearning，thenitwouldhavebeenanimpressiveresult.Butthiswasspontaneous.”Soperhapsit’stimetostopsaying“birdbrain”permanently!语篇解读英语中常用birdbrain来形容一个人笨，但通过乌鸦的实验证明这是不公平的。现在人们还发现乌鸦懂得类推法。51．Whydoestheauthormentiontheexpression“birdbrain”intheopeningparagraph?A．Togetthereaderinterestedintheoriginsoftheexpression.B．Tourgepeopletostopsayingthatbirdsarestupid.C．TointroducethetopicofEdwardWassermanandhisexperiments.D．Tointroducerecentfindingsaboutcrows’intelligence答案D解析推理判断题。由第一段可知，提到birdbrain是用来引出话题，介绍乌鸦也是很聪明的。故D项正确。52．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthetestsonthehoodedcrows?A．ThebirdsdidbetterinRMTSthaninIMTS.B．ThebirdswerefirstmadetodoRMTS，thenIMTS.C．ThebirdspickedalmostallthecorrectcardsinRMTS.D．IntheIMTStest，thebirdsneededtoidentifythesamplecardtogetrewards.答案D解析细节理解题。由第五段最后一句可知，与样卡相匹配的带卡杯子里有两只虫子可以吃。故D项正确。53．IntheRMTStest，ifthebirdsweregiventhesamplecardwithtwosame­sizedtriangles，theyhadtopickthetestcardwith.A．twosame­sizedcirclesB．onecircleandonetriangleC．twodifferent­sizedcirclesD．twodifferent­sizedtriangles答案A解析细节理解题。由第六段可知，所选择的卡片应该是与样卡大小一样、形状不一样的卡片。故A项正确。54．Theunderlinedword“spontaneous”inthesecond­to­lastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“”．A．central B．creativeC．natural D．predictable答案C解析词义猜测题。该段倒数第二句意为“乌鸦如果是通过被强迫才展示出这种学习能力的话，那么这将会是一个令人印象深刻的结果。”由之后的but可知，前后两句为转折关系，即画线词所在句应表示乌鸦不是被强迫的，即“这是自然的，自发的”。故C项正确。55．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．MonkeysAreClevererThanCrowsB．CrowsShowClevernessC．CrowsDidWellinRMTSD．CrowsMayUnderstandAnalogy答案B解析标题归纳题。本文主讲通过实验证明了乌鸦也是有智慧的，故B项正确。第Ⅱ卷第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。(2016·天津一中月考)Fromthemomentwe’reborn，webegintodie，butdeathisactuallyafairlynewinvention.Asanaturalwayoflife，deathhasbeenaroundforonlyasmallpercentageofthetimethatlifehasbeenonourplanet.Ourplanetisabout4.6billionyearsold.Lifebeganabout3.8billionyearsago.Formostofthose3.8billionyears，livingcreatureswereimmortal(不死的)，anddidnotdie.From3.8billionyearsagotoonebillionyearsago，eachlivingcreaturewasmadeupofasinglecell.Asingle­celledcreaturewouldgrowtoacertainsize，andthensplitintotwo，andeachofthosetwocellswouldthenkeepongrowinguntiltheydividedandsoforth.Thesesingle­celledcreatureswouldneverdieofoldage.Theymightdiefrombeingrunoverbyarollingstone，orfrombeingeatenbyanotherbiggersingle­celledcreature，butapartfromthattheywouldnotdie.Butabout1billionyearsago，someofthesingle­celledbeingsevolvedintocreatureswithmanydifferenttypesof