湖南省怀化市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

怀化市2022-2023学年上学期期末考试试卷高二英语1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名。准考证号和科目。2．考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须做在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效，考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。3．考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。4．本试题卷共8页，如缺页，考生须声明，否则后果自负。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.5.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.WhatdoesLilythinkofthenewskirt?A.ElegantB.Old-fashioned.C.Ordinary.2.WhydidJoegotoMiami?A.Togosightseeing.B.Totakeabusinesstrip.C.Tomeetafriend.3.Whattimeisitnow?A.3:15p.mB.3:30p.m.C.4:00p.m4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtobakefishpie.B.Wheretolearncookingskills.C.Ahistoryprogram.5.WhatdoesMandywanttowatch?A.Acomedy.B.Asportsdocumentary.C.Whattoeatforsupper.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6.7题。6.WhatisHaleygoingtodotonight?A.Seeamovie.B.WorkovertimeC.WatchTV.7.WhatdoesthemanaskHaleytodo?A.Buysomesweets.B.Payattentiontoherstudy.C.Avoidcominghometoolate.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Oldfriends.C.Classmates.9.HowdoesGloriausuallygetdesigninspiration?A.FromtheInternet.B.Frommagazines.C.FromTVprograms.10.WhatmightAndydonext?A.Gotothemall.B.VisitGloria’sdesignstudio.C.Putonanewlydesignedtie.11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclub.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaconcerthall.12.Howdidthewomanlearntoplaytheguitaraftershewas10?A.Shelearnedfromherfather.B.Shetaughtherself.C.Shejoinedaband.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。13.Whydoesthewomanwanttomakemoremoney?A.Sheneedstosupportherstudies.B.Shewantstobuyanewguitar.C.Herbandisshortofmoney.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthewomanfeelatfirst?A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Disappointed.15.Whatwasthespeakers’previousapartmentlike?A.Smallandold.B.SmallbutniceC.Bigandbright.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodointhebackyard?A.Plantsomeflowers.B.Walkherdog.C.Holdbarbecueparties.17.Whatdothespeakersplaceinthenewhousefirst?A.Thecoffeetable.B.Themirror.C.Thesmallsofa听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdomanyexpertsthinkof“bookblindboxes”?A.Interesting.B.MeaningfulC.Wasteful.19.Howarethebooksinmanybookblindboxes?A.Theyareofhighquality.B.Theyareofpoorquality.C.Theyareexpensive.20．Whichyearhadthehighestretail(零售)salesofbooks?A.2019.B.2020.C.2021.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMuseumVRCreatesNewWaysforVisitorstoExploreTheNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory,ParisSince2018,visitorstotheNationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryhavebeenabletoenjoyafascinatingVRexperience.DeRealiteVirtuellewasthefirstpermanentmuseumroominthecountrydedicatedtoVRtechnology.Oncetheyentertheroom,guestsenjoyaspeciallydesignedprogramme:JoumeyintotheHeartofEvolution.Heretheywilldiscoverthelinksbetweenspeciesandcanzoominondifferentcreaturestolearnmore.TheRenwickGallery,Washington,D.CUsingafreeapp,visitorstothismuseumcanusetheirowndevicetoviewthewholeviewsofthegallery，alongsidevideointerviewswiththecurator(馆长)andsomeoftheartists.ThankstoVRtechnology,theworksbynineleadingartistsareavailabletoexperienceinanewwayeventhoughthephysicalexhibitionatthemuseumhasended.PetersonAutomotiveMuseumLosAngelesPetersonAutomotiveMuseumworkedwithMicrosoftHoloLenstocreateanewVRexhibition.VisitorswereabletointeractwithaclassicAmericansportscar,theFordGT40.TheHoloLensallowsvisitorstoseethecarupclose.Visitorswerefurtherdrawnintotheexperiencebytheadditionofsurroundsound.Whilelearningaboutthehistoryofthecars,theycouldalsoheartheroaroftheengines.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseum,LondonFansoftheLewisCarrollclassicwillbeableto“traveldowntherabbithole”intoavirtualspace.Peoplecanjoina“trip”intoWonderlandwithouthavingtoleavethesofa.TheopeningoftheAliceexhibitionhasbeenpostponeduntilMarch2021becauseofthepandemic.Butthemuseumsaidanat-home,virtualrealityevent,aheadoftheopening,willtransport“visitorsintotheworldofWonderland”.1.Forvisitorswhoareinterestedinbiology,whichmuseumcantheychoose?A.TheRenwickGallery.B.TheNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory.C.PetersonAutomotiveMuseum.D.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseum.2.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.VisitorstotheRenwickGallerycanhaveface-to-faceinterviewswiththeartists.B.FansoftheLewisCarrollclassiccantraveldowntherabbitholeintoarealspace.C.BoththeRenwickGalleryandPetersonAutomotiveMuseumareinAmerica.D.PetersonAutomotiveMuseumenablesvisitorstodrivethecarforthemselves.3.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Alecture.B.Anewsreport.C.Afilmreview.D.Asciencemagazine.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了几个使用VR技术的博物馆。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Oncetheyentertheroom,guestsenjoyaspeciallydesignedprogramme:JoumeyintotheHeartofEvolution.Heretheywilldiscoverthelinksbetweenspeciesandcanzoominondifferentcreaturestolearnmore.(一旦他们进入房间，客人就可以享受一个特别设计的节目：JoumeyintotheHeartofEvolution。在这里他们将发现物种之间的联系，并可以放大不同的生物以了解更多信息。)”可知，在TheNationalMuseumofNaturalHistory“国家自然历史博物馆”，可以了解物种之间的关系，可推测喜欢生物的可以前往这个博物馆。故选B项。全科试题免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个小标题“TheRenwickGallery,Washington,D.C(伦威克画廊，华盛顿特区)”和第三个小标题“PetersonAutomotiveMuseum,LosAngeles(彼得森汽车博物馆，洛杉矶)”可知，这两个博物馆分别在华盛顿特区和洛杉矶，故都在美国。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大标题“MuseumVRCreatesNewWaysforVisitorstoExplore(博物馆VR为游客创造新的探索方式)”可知本文介绍的是新科技VR的运用，这跟科学相关，因此可能出自科学杂志。故选D项。BAfterschoolsmovedonlineayearagobecauseofCOVID-19,JonteLee,ateacherinWashington,DC.wasdeterminedtomakehischemistrylabsinteractiveandaccessible.Hefiguredthewaytodosowastoconnecttothestudentsonsocialplatforms.Asaresult,Leehasbeenlivestreaming(网络直播)hislessonsonInstagramandFacebook,inspiringstudentstofollowalongathome.Lee’sprincipalsuggestedhelivestreamalablastApril.“OurthoughtbehinditwasstudentsknowhowtouseInstagramandFacebook,”Leesaid,Realizingthatmostofhisstudentswouldnothaveaccesstolabequipmentwhentheyhadonlinelessons,Leelargelyusesitemsthatcanbefoundinmostkitchens.“Andifthere’ssomethingastudentdoesn’thave,Idon’tmindshippingittothestudent,”hesaid.Sincebeginninghislessons,Leehasheardfromviewersacrossthecountryabouthowhisclasseshaveimprovedtheirexperienceofattendingonlineschool.OnewomantoldLeeshehadbeenworriedaboutsupervisinghergrandchildren’sclassesathome.“Shewaslike,‘Iknownothingaboutscience,what’sgoingtohappen?’andthenshecameacrossmypage,”saidLee.“Storieslikethatreallytouchmyheart.”Leealsohasboughtanddeliveredbackpacks,schoolsupplies,andevenAmazonFiretabletstoeachofhisstudents.Leepouredhissummerschoolteachingsalaryintotheendeavor,callingisan“incredibleexperience”.Lee’sfavoritelessondescribedhowtomakeicecreaminthreedifferentways,becauseofhowengagedhisstudentswereevenafterthelivestreamended.Leeplanstocontinuepostingvideosevenafterstudentsgobacktoschoolinperson.“Asapublicschoolteacher,Ihavenointentiontobefamousormakemoney.Isimplywanttogivebacktoallthetaxpayersthatfundmysalary,”saidLee.“Thisallowedmetobeacommunityteacher,andnotateacherthatisboundbythefourwallsinmyclassroom.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJonteLee?A.Hedidn’tknowhowtomakehisonlineclassesinteresting.B.Hisideawasnotsupportedbytheprincipleinhisschool.C.Hemostlychoseitemsfoundinkitchenforhisonlinelessons.D.HeguidedstudentstouseInstagramandFacebook.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supervising”probablymeaninPara.4?A.managingB.skippingC.teachingD.attending6.Whatcanweconcludefromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Lee’sclasseshaveanegativeeffectonpeople.B.Lee’sstudentsshownointerestinhisclassesatall.C.Leeplanstocontinuepostingvideostoearnmoney.D.Lee’spurposeistopaybacktosocietyasateacher.7.WhichwordcanbestdescribeJonteLee?A.Cautious.B.Determined.C.Humorous.D.Awkward.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了新冠网课期间，教师乔恩特·李想办法让自己的化学课很有趣并帮助学生的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Realizingthatmostofhisstudentswouldnothaveaccesstolabequipmentwhentheyhadonlinelessons,Leelargelyusesitemsthatcanbefoundinmostkitchens.(意识到他的大多数学生在上网课时无法使用实验室设备，李在很大程度上使用了大多数厨房里都能找到的设备。)”可知，他大多数的网课设备都是从厨房找的。故选C项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句“Shewaslike,‘Iknownothingaboutscience,what’sgoingtohappen?’andthenshecameacrossmypage,”saidLee.(她说，“我对科学一无所知，会发生什么？”然后她看到了我的页面，”李说。)”可知，祖父母求助于李的线上课程是因为他们自己不懂科学。由此可知，他们是在监管/照管自己的孙子孙女上科学课。划线词意为“监管，照管”，与manage同义。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段二三句他说的话“Asapublicschoolteacher,Ihavenointentiontobefamousormakemoney.Isimplywanttogivebacktoallthetaxpayersthatfundmysalary,(作为一名公立学校教师，我无意成名或赚钱。我只是想回馈给所有为我的薪水提供资金的纳税人)”可知，他上线上课程不是为了钱财和名利，只是为了回馈纳税人，即只是为了回馈社会。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题题。根据第一段第一句“AfterschoolsmovedonlineayearagobecauseofCOVID-19,JonteLee,ateacherinWashington,DC.wasdeterminedtomakehischemistrylabsinteractiveandaccessible.(一年前，在学校因新冠肺炎而转为线上直播课后，华盛顿特区的一名教师乔恩特·李决心让他的化学实验室变得互动和方便。)”和倒数第二段的“Leealsohasboughtanddeliveredbackpacks,schoolsupplies,andevenAmazonFiretabletstoeachofhisstudents.Leepouredhissummerschoolteachingsalaryintotheendeavor,callingisan“incredibleexperience”.(李还为他的每个学生购买并交付了背包、学习用品，甚至亚马逊Fire平板电脑。李将自己的暑期学校教学工资投入到这项工作中，称这是一次“难以置信的经历”)”推知，他对上好线上化学课很有决心，很坚决。故选B项。COurcitieshaveneverbeendenser,taller,orbusierthantheyarenow,andwiththatcomestheconstantbattleforland.Butifwelookatimagesofanycitycenter,wecanquicklyspotplentyofunusedspace-therooftops.Whatcanweusethispreciousresourcefor?Inmanycities,itisdedicatedtorecreationlikebarsandpools.Butwhenarooftopoffersaccesstosunlight,therearetwomorechoicesforitsuse-agricultureandsolarpower.Greenroofshavebeengrowinginpopularityformorethanadecade,andinsomecasesgrowinginscaletoo.Theycanprovideahabitatforbirdsandinsectsinanotherwiseunfriendlyenvironment.Theyarealsousedtokeepthebuildingcoolanddecreasestormwaterrunoff.Greenroofscomewiththeaddedbenefitofreducingtheterribleurbanheatislandeffect,whereby,asaresultofheat-absorbingmaterialslikeasphalt(沥青)andconcrete,citiescanbeseveraldegreeswarmerthanthesurroundingcntryside.Incontrast,treesandgreenspacescanabsorbshortwaveradiation,anduseittoevaporate(蒸发)waterfromtheirleavesakindofdoublecoolingeffect.Asfoodsecurityandurbannutritioncreepever-higherontheagendafortheUnitedNations,there’salsoaworldwidemovementofusinggreenroofsforfoodproduction.Inregionswithsuitableclimates,hundredsofdifferentvegetables,fruits,herbsandsaladleavescanbegrownonrooftops.Beehivesandchickennestsarealsobecomingcommonplaceamongstthehigh-rises.Withsomanycitiesnowstoppingusingfossilfuels,andthecostofsolarpanelsdroppingdramatically,PV(光伏)systemshavebecomeagoodoptiontoproduceelectricity.TheUSNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratoryhaveestimatedthatrooftopPVsystemscouldgeneratealmost40%oftheelectricitydemandsnationwide.However,theuseofrooftopsforfoodproductioncouldhavehigherlocalvaluethansolarPVenergyproduction,accordingtoarecentpaperbysomeUSresearchersfocusingontherooftopsofamixed-useneighborhoodinLisbon.Ofcourse,inanothercity,youmaycometoexactlytheoppositeconclusion.8.Whydoestheauthorraiseaquestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Toinvitereaderstoanswerit.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Toshowoffhisknowledge.D.Toexplainwhatgreenrooftopis.9.Whatisthebenefitofcitygreenrooftops?A.Providinghabitatsforallanimals.B.Increasingstormwaterrunoff.C.Keepingthebuildingwarm.D.Relievingtheurbanheatislandeffect.10.WhichofthefollowingisNotTrue?ACitiescanbeseveraldegreeswarmerthanthesurroundingcountryside.B.Greenroofsareusedforfoodproductionallovertheworld.C.RooftopPVsystemscouldgenerate40%oftheelectricitydemandsintheUS.D.UsingrooftopsforfoodproductionhashighervaluethansolarPVenergyproduction.11.Whatisprobablythebesttitle?A.TheRiseofGreenRooftopB.TheBenefitsoftheUrbanRooftopC.TheAdvantageofPVEnergySystemD.TheReasonforUrbanRooftop’sPopularity【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了绿色屋顶的兴起带给城市很多方面的便利。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据上文“wecanquicklyspotplentyofunusedspace-therooftops(我们就能很快发现大量未使用空间-屋顶)”以及后面段落都在讲述绿色屋顶这一话题，可知第一段要引入绿色屋顶这一话题，因此第一段提出问题的目的就是要引入主题，故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Greenroofscomewiththeaddedbenefitofreducingtheterribleurbanheatislandeffect(绿色屋顶还带来一个额外的好处，那就是缓解可怕的城市热岛效应)”可知，城市的绿色屋顶能减轻城市热岛效应，故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Ofcourse,inanothercity,youmaycometoexactlytheoppositeconclusion.(当然，在另一个城市可能会得出完全相反的结论)”，可知本段第一句论断“However,theuseofrooftopsforfoodproductioncouldhavehigherlocalvaluethansolarPVenergyproduction(利用屋顶生产食物，其对本地的价值远远高于太阳能光伏发电或标准的绿色屋顶)”仅在部分城市是成立的，换一个城市未必成立，D项表达不成立，故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Butifwelookatimagesofanycitycenter,wecanquicklyspotplentyofunusedspace-therooftops.Whatcanweusethispreciousresourcefor(但如果我们看看任何一个城市中心的鸟瞰图，我们就能很快发现大量未使用的空间——屋顶)”可知，第一段引入了绿色屋顶这一话题，第二段讲述了绿色屋顶的兴起，后面段落详细介绍了绿色屋顶给城市带来的便利，最后一段提到了绿色屋顶的效益因地而异。综上可以判断本文主要讲述了绿色屋顶的兴起，故选A项。DAburgershopcalledtheNoBrandBurgerintheSouthKoreancapitalisabitdifferentfromtypicalfast-foodrestaurants:Itskeystaffarerobots.Fromordertopick-up,customersdon’tneedasingleface-to-faceinteraction.Alltheyneedtodoistoclickthemenutheywantonakiosk(售货亭)touchscreen,payandwaitforaservingrobottobringtheirtakeoutbagtothepick-upspot.Whilewaitingfortheirfood,customerstakephotosorstarewithcuriosityatthecapsule-shapedrobots,whichremindpeopleofthepopularcharactersfromtheanimatedfilm“DespicableMe.”TheyellowandblackcolorsoftheNoBrandBurgerrestaurantalsogivetheplacethelookofatoyshop.“ThisisthefirsttimeI’veactuallyseensuchrobots,sotheyarereallyamazingandfun,”saidShinHyunSoo,a31-year-oldofficeworkertryingouttheservice.Thehumanstaffdohavearoletoplay,therestaurant’smanagerBaeexplained,addingtoppingstothecookedingredientsbeforewrappingthemandpassingthemovertoarobottoserve.“Thecustomercantakethefoodwithoutanydirectcontactwiththestaff,”Baesaid.BeforeMonday,SouthKoreahadforthelastfewweeksallowedrestaurantstoprovideonlydeliveriesandtakeoutmealsafter9p.m.InAugust,takeoutordersaccountedfor58%ofNoBrandBurger’stotalsales,upby16%fromJuly,accordingtoShinsegaeFood,theSouthKoreanfoodcompanythatoperatesNoBrandBurger.NoBrandBurgerisn’ttheonlylocalrestaurantusingrobotstoservecustomers.SouthKorea’smajorITcompanyKThaspartneredwiththefamilyrestaurantchainMadforGarlictoprovideAlservingrobots.Using3-Dspacemappingandothertechnology,therobotcanfreelymovethroughthenarrowlanesbetweentablesandavoidobstaclestoreachitsdestination,saidLeeYoungjin,teamleaderofAIPlatformBusinessTeamatKT.Therobotcanserveuptofourtablespertrip.“Childrencustomersoftenliketoseetherobot.Also,customersingeneralfeelitisfreshertoreceivetheirfoodthroughtherobotbecauseoftheCOVID-19,”saidLeeYoung-ho,themanagerofoneMadforGarlicrestaurantusingtherobots.12.WhyistheNoBrandBurgerrestaurantsospecial?A.Becausemoststaffarerobots.B.Becauseitemploysnohumanstaff.C.Becauseitscolorsareyellowandwhite.D.Becauseitisalsoatoyshop.13.WhatisShinHyunSoo’sattitudetowardstherobots?A.Uninterested. B.Positive. C.Negative. D.Neutral14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Mostrestaurantsuserobotstoservecustomersnow.B.Itisnousehavinghumanstaffintherestaurant.C.Mostcustomersshownointerestinservingrobots.D.RobotsbringsgreaterprofitsforNoBrandBurger.15.Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Newtechnologyhelpschangetheworld.B.Servingrobotsbringalotofadvantages.C.AIrobotsserverestaurantsinSouthKorea.D.Restaurantsuserobotstoattractcustomers.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了韩国首都首尔一家名为NoBrandburger的汉堡店用机器人作员工。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AburgershopcalledtheNoBrandBurgerintheSouthKoreancapitalisabitdifferentfromtypicalfast-foodrestaurants:Itskeystaffarerobots.(在韩国首都首尔，一家名为NoBrandburger的汉堡店与一般的快餐店有点不同：它的主要员工都是机器人。)”可知，无牌汉堡店如此特别是因为大多数员工都是机器人。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘ThisisthefirsttimeI’veactuallyseensuchrobots,sotheyarereallyamazingandfun,’saidShinHyunSoo,a31-year-oldofficeworkertryingouttheservice.(31岁的办公室职员ShinHyunSoo正在试用这项服务，她说：“这是我第一次真正看到这样的机器人，它们真的很神奇，也很有趣。”)”可推知，申铉秀对机器人持积极态度。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“InAugust,takeoutordersaccountedfor58%ofNoBrandBurger’stotalsales,upby16%fromJuly,accordingtoShinsegaeFood,theSouthKoreanfoodcompanythatoperatesNoBrandBurger.(据经营NoBrandBurger的韩国食品公司新世界食品称，8月份，外卖订单占NoBrandBurger总销售额的58%，较7月份增长了16%。)”可推知，机器人为NoBrandBurger带来了更大的利润。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了韩国首都首尔一家名为NoBrandburger的汉堡店用机器人作员工，机器人为NoBrandBurger带来了更大的利润，由此可知，本文的主要内容是人工智能机器人在韩国的餐馆服务。故选C项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GetaHealthyHomeMostofushavespentmoretimerecentlyathomethanweeverimaginedpossible.Maybeyoutooktheopportunitytoclean,ormaybeyouplantodoit...tomorrow.____16____Thinkaboutkeepingyourhomecleantheminuteyouwalkin.____17____AUniversityofArizonastudyfoundthattheaverageshoeharborsnearly421,000differentbacteriaandcleaningchemicalscanalsogettrackedintoyourhomeviayourshoes.Leaveapairofslippersbythefrontdoor.Italsomakessensetousesomealcoholtofreshenyoursheetsandsmellygymclothes.Evenifyouthinkyou’vedisinfectedeverything,youmighthaveoverlookedsomesmallitemslikethetoothbrushholder.____18____Anotherthingyoushouldpayattentiontoisthekitchensponges(海绵).Astheymaycarrylargequantitiesofbacteria,they’vebeenbannedfromrestaurantkitchens.____19____Thegoldstandardisahigh-efficiencyairfilter.TheDepartmentofEnergyrequiresthattheyremove99.97percentofpollutantsandparticlesintheair.Portablefilterscancleanasingleroomortheentirehouse.Filtersmaycostyousomemoney,buttherearecheaperwaystocleantheair-startbyopeningawindow.Indooraircanhavetwotofivetimesmorepollutantsthanoutdoorair.Manyvirusesdon’tspreadaswellinwetairastheydointhecold,drymonths.____20____However,cool-misthumidifiers(增湿器)canharborbacteriaiftheyaren’tcleanedregularly.Old-fashionedsteamhumidifiersarethebest.Buttoomuchhumiditycanworsensomeproblemsandencouragethegrowthofdustmites(螨虫)andmold．Theidealhumiditylevel,especiallyforsleeping，is40to60percent.A.Takeoffyourshoesatyourdoor.B.Freshenthewallsupwithanewpaint.C.Don’tforgettocleantheairinyourhometoo.D.Thefollowingiswhattodotohelpkeepyouenergetic.E.Washitdailyandrunitthroughthedishwasherregularly.F.Oneeasysolutionforthewinteristouseahumidifier.G.Thesetipscanhelpmakeyourhomebetterforyourbodyandyourmind.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.F【解析】【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章就如何拥有一个清洁健康的家给出了一些建议。【16题详解】上文“Mostofushavespentmoretimerecentlyathomethanweeverimaginedpossible.Maybeyoutooktheopportunitytoclean,ormaybeyouplantodoit...tomorrow.(我们大多数人最近呆在家里的时间比我们想象的要多。也许你抓住了打扫的机会，或者你计划明天再打扫。)”提出我们呆在家里的时间很多，所以家需要打扫，下文第二、三、四和五段分别就如何进行打扫给出了具体建议。G项“Thesetipscanhelpmakeyourhomebetterforyourbodyandyourmind.(这些建议可以帮助你把你的家变得更适合你的身体和精神。)”承上启下，句中“Thesetips”引出下文，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【17题详解】段首主题句“Thinkaboutkeepingyourhomecleantheminuteyouwalkin.(想想从你进门的那一刻起就保持家里的清洁。)”提出进门时就开始保持家里的清洁，A项“Takeoffyourshoesatyourdoor.(在门口脱鞋。)”提出具体建议：门口脱鞋。下文中“theaverageshoeharborsnearly421,000differentbacteriaandcleaningchemicalscanalsogettrackedintoyourhomeviayourshoes(普通的鞋子里有近42.1万种不同的细菌，清洁化学物质也会通过鞋子进入你的家中)”进一步说明了进门脱鞋的必要性，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Evenifyouthinkyou’vedisinfectedeverything,youmighthaveoverlookedsomesmallitemslikethetoothbrushholder.(即使你认为你已经消毒了所有的东西，你也可能忽略了一些小物件，比如牙刷架。)”提出留意小物件的消毒，E项“Washitdailyandrunitthroughthedishwasherregularly.(每天清洗，并定期将其放入洗碗机。)”承接上文，给出建议，句中“it”指代上文中“thetoothbrushholder”。故选E项。【19题详解】设空句是段首主题句，下文“Thegoldstandardisahigh-efficiencyairfilter.TheDepartmentofEnergyrequiresthattheyremove99.97percentofpollutantsandparticlesintheair.Portablefilterscancleanasingleroomortheentirehouse.(黄金标准是高效空气过滤器。美国能源部要求它们去除空气中99.97%的污染物和颗粒。便携式过滤器可以清洁一个房间或整个房子。)”介绍了空气过滤器，所以本段的建议是“Don’tforgettocleantheairinyourhometoo.(别忘了清洁家里的空气。)”。故选C项。【20题详解】上文“Manyvirusesdon’tspreadaswellinwetairastheydointhecold,drymonths.(许多病毒在潮湿的空气中不像在寒冷干燥的月份那样容易传播)”提出病毒传播的特点：在寒冷干燥的月份中病毒易传播，F项“Oneeasysolutionforthewinteristouseahumidifier.(冬天一个简单的解决办法就是使用加湿器。)”提出解决问题的办法：使用加湿器，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnFebruary12,2019,BrendonFontaineblewoutfivecandlesonabirthdaycakecoveredinstrawberryicingandtoppedwithaplasticfigureofhisfavoritecharacter.Brendon’s____21____camefromCakesforKids,agroupofhomebakerswhorecognizethatasimplebirthdaycakecanbeimpossibleforfamiliesliketheFontaines.Thegroupwas____22____threeyearsagobyChristyRogowskiandherpartnerWendySingleton.“Imaginingachildwhowasn’tgoingtohaveabirthdaycakewasreally____23____,”Rogowskisays.AFacebookcall-outforvolunteers____24____added150bakerstotheirlist,whichincludespeopleofallskilllevels.Whenvolunteersfirstapply,they’reaskedwhytheywantto____25____.“Somepeoplehavesaidthattheydidn’thaveacakeontheirbirthdaygrowingup,andtheyknowhow____26____itis,”saysSingleton.Morecommonly,though,theysaytheywantfamiliesinneedtoknowthattheirneighbors____27____them.ThecakereceiversaredecidedbycommunityorganizationsandWinnipegChildandFamilyServices,whichsendRogowskiandSingletoninformationabouteachkid’sinterestsandfavorite____28____.Achildmightreceiveacakebecauseofthefamily’slackof____29____.Cakesalsogotochildrenlivinginfostercare.JodiKorolyk,afamilyservicesworkerhassofarorderedbirthdaycakesforfiveofthealmost800kidsintheirsystem.“It_____30_____thechildrenthattheyhavealotofpeoplethereto_____31_____them,”shesays.“Formostkids,itdoesn’treally_____32_____whatthecakelookslike;justgettingoneis_____33_____.”Korolyksometimesarrangesforparentswhosechildrenareinfostercaretobringthecaketotheirkidsthemselves.“It’sareallygoodtooltohelp_____34_____arelationshipbetweenthem,”shesays,addingthatitcanalsobuildtheparents’_____35_____inher.Bytheendoflastyear,CakesforKidshadprovidedover575cakestomarkkids’birthdays,andthebakingcontinues.21.A.surprise B.anger C.sorrow D.pity22.A.applauded B.complained C.bunded D.blamed23.A.amazing B.upsetting C.confusing D.pleasing24.A.hardly B.accidentally C.frequently D.eventually25.A.quit B.contribute C.agree D.play26.A.important B.boring C.terrible D.complex27.A.laughat B.talkabout C.careabout D.relyon28.A.sports B.films C.songs D.flavors29.A.money B.water C.education D.clothes30.A.frightens B.worries C.shows D.shocks31.A.share B.stop C.memorize D.support32.A.matter B.occur C.work D.exist33.A.annoying B.exciting C.convincing D.disappointing34.A.change B.hurt C.promote D.accept35.A.delight B.pride C.disbelief D.trust【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了克里斯蒂·罗戈夫斯基和她的搭档温迪·辛格尔顿建立志愿服务团队，为那些生日时无法吃到蛋糕的孩子送蛋糕的暖心之举。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布伦登的惊喜来自“儿童蛋糕”（CakesforKids），这是一群家庭烘焙师，他们认识到，对于方丹这样的家庭来说，简单的生日蛋糕是不可能的。A.surprise惊喜；B.anger生气；C.sorrow悲伤；D.pity遗憾。根据上文“OnFebruary12,2019,BrendonFontaineblewoutfivecandlesonabirthdaycakecoveredinstrawberryicingandtoppedwithaplasticfigureofhisfavoritecharacter.(2019年2月12日，布伦登·方丹在一块覆盖着草莓糖霜的生日蛋糕上吹灭了五根蜡烛，蛋糕上放着他最喜欢的人物的塑料雕像)”可知，布伦登·方丹吃到了生日蛋糕，吹了生日蜡烛，这对一个不太可能负担得起孩子生日蛋糕的家庭来说，确实是一个惊喜。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年前，克里斯蒂·罗戈夫斯基和她的搭档温迪·辛格尔顿将这个团体联系起来。A.applauded欢呼；B.complained抱怨；C.bonded与之建立紧密联系；D.blamed指责。根据下文“AFacebookcall-outforvolunteers4added150bakerstotheirlist,whichincludespeopleofallskilllevels.(Facebook的志愿者号召最终将150名面包师加入他们的名单，其中包括各种技能水平的人)”可知，这个团队召集了很多志愿者假如，故使志愿者们建立起紧密联系，形成这个队伍。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“想象一个孩子吃不到生日蛋糕，真的让人心烦，”罗戈夫斯基说。A.amazing令人大为惊叹的；B.upsetting令人心烦意乱的；C.confusing令人疑惑的；D.pleasing令人开心的。根据上文“Brendon’s1camefromCakesforKids,agroupofhomebakerswhorecognizethatasimplebirthdaycakecanbeimpossibleforfamiliesliketheFontaines.(布伦登的惊喜来自“儿童蛋糕”（CakesforKids），这是一群家庭烘焙师，他们认识到，对于方丹这样的家庭来说，简单的生日蛋糕是不可能的)”可知，罗戈夫斯基建立团队，为不能吃到生日蛋糕的孩子送蛋糕，可推测得知有孩子因为贫穷无法享受生日蛋糕，他的内心很不好受。故选B项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Facebook的志愿者号召最终将150名面包师加入他们的名单，其中包括各种技能水平的人。A.hardly几乎不；B.accidentally意外地；C.frequently频繁地；D.eventually最终。根据下文“Whenvolunteersfirstapply,they’reaskedwhytheywantto5(当志愿者第一次申请时，他们会被问到为什么他们想做出贡献)”可知，这些志愿者先申请，可能还会筛选，因此150进入的志愿者是最终入选的。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当志愿者第一次申请时，他们会被问到为什么他们想做出贡献。A.quit放弃；B.contribute贡献；C.agree同意；D.play玩。根据上文“Whenvolunteersfirstapply(当志愿者第一次申请时)”可知，这些会做蛋糕的人假加入团体做志愿者工作，本身就是一种贡献。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“有些人说，他们成长时的生日没有蛋糕，他们知道蛋糕有多重要，”辛格尔顿说。A.important重要的；B.boring无聊的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.complex复杂的。根据上文“Imaginingachildwhowasn’tgoingtohaveabirthdaycakewasreallyupsetting(想象一个孩子吃不到生日蛋糕，真的