2023届上海市静安区高三二模英语试卷含答

静安区2022学年第二学期高三英语试期中试卷（2023.4）

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheend

ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.A.Themancanhaveagoodrest.

B.Thewhiteclotheswon'tgetcolored.

C.ThemanshouldgettheT-shirtout.

D.TheT-shirtneverstaysclean.

2.A.Employeespayattentiontopaidleave.

B.M匚Johnson'scompanyisalwaysempty.

C.Thehighsalaryandpayleavearerarelyguaranteed.

D.ThemanshouldtakethejobMr.Johnsonmentioned.

3.A.Jackiscurrentlylivinginthesouth.

B.Jackisusedtowetclimate.

C.Jackintendstosettleproblemsthroughmovingtothesouth.

D.ShewantstotalkJackoutofmovingtothesouth.

4.A.Ontheplane.B.Attheairport.

C.Inabusinesscenter.D.Inaboardingschool.

5.A.Theschool'selectivecoursesystemoftengoeswrong.

B.Mi*.Musk'scoursemakesmanystudentsbreakdown.

C.ToomanystudentsarechoosingMr.Musk'scourse.

D.Mr.Muskcomplainedabouttheterriblesystem.

6.A.Themanshouldn'teatthecakewhentakingtheexam.

B.Otherstudentsagreewiththemanabouttheexam.

C.Mostofthestudentshavepassedthephysicsexam.

D.Moststudentsthinktheexamwasdifficult.

7.A.Themancancountonherforfinancialmatters.

B.Sheisnotsuitabletobetakenbythegroup.

C.Goodcalculatingabilityisoneofherspecialties.

D.Everymemberofthegroupshouldhandlefinancialmatters.

8.A.5dollars.B.35dollars.C.40dollars.D.75dollars.

9.A.Peterisworriedabouthisbodycheckresults.

B.Peterisusuallyasilentperson.

C.Peterwillgethishealthcheckresulttomorrow.

D.There'ssomethingwrongwithPeter'shealth.

10.A.SheisinterestedinvisitingscenicspotsinCanada.

B.Shewon'tvisitNiagaraFallsbecauseoftightschedule.

C.ShepreferstovisitNiagaraFallsratherthanhaveenoughsleep.

D.SheenjoysattendingbusinessconferencesinCanada.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereach

passageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversation

willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthe

fourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyou

haveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Peopleareboredwithelectronicdevices.

B.Peoplecanpickupdrawingskillsfromcoloring-inbooks.

C.Childhoodmemoriescanbebroughttopeople.

D.Peoplecanexperienceasimplerandquieterlife.

12.A.Becausesocialmediapromotepencilsales.

B.Becausepencilsfallvictimtodigitalage.

C.Becausegoodcoloring-inworksneedgoodpencils.

D.Becausepencilsareneededbyhikers.

13.A.Byraisingpencilprices.

B.Byexpandingitsfactories.

C.Byhiringmoreworkers.

D.Byincreasingworkshifts.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Becauseshecouldn'taffordtopayforeducationatschool.

B.Becauseshehatedbeingseparatedfromherdaughter.

C.Becausehome-schoolingwasencouragedbythegovernment.

D.Becausemanyparentschosetohomeschooltheirkids.

15.A.Thatitsavesschoolingbudget.

B.Thatitenableskidstobemorepreparedforrealworldlife.

C.Thatitpreventskidsfromhavingconflictswithclassmates.

D.Thatlessonplanscanbearrangedwithmoreflexibility.

16.A.Thatshecombineslearningwithlife.

B.Thatsheforbidsmobilephoneuse.

C.Thatsheteachesherkidsbyherself.

D.Thatsheneverhastroubleswithherkids.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Checkbillsregularly.

B.Makeaplanbeforebuying.

C.Headtocheapsupermarkets.

D.Storefoodinadvance.

18.A.Pickacheapcafe.

B.Bringleftoverfoodhome.

C.Eatwithreusablecontainers.

D.Reducechancestodineout.

19.A.Peoplecaneatthem.

B.Peopleshouldprocessthembeforeeating.

C.Peopleshouldthrowthemaway.

D.Peopleshouldwaituntiltheygetpeak,quality.

20.A.Waystospendlessonliving.

B.Waystoreducefoodwaste.

C.Waystolengthenfoodshelflife.

D.Waystotreatfreshfoodandprocessedfood.

11.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformof

thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Evergottogripswithaproblem?Pickedupanewskill?Graspedadifficultconcept?The

languageoflearningisfullofreferencestopartsofthebodyoutsidethebrain.Perhapsthafs

becausethesephraseshintat(21)deeper.Sincethebeginningofthiscentury,researchers

havebeenworkingonthemechanismoflearning.Theyarediscoveringthatlearningiseasier,

quickerwiththebodymovements(22)(involve).Accordingtomany,theeffectcouldbe

huge(23)it'sgesturingwiththearmsormovingaroundaroom.Cantheseinsights

enhanceteachingandlearning?Andshoulditinformthewaytechnology(24)(employ)in

theclassroom?

Insomeways,theideathatthebodycanaidlearningshouldcome(25)nosurprise.

Considerthatmanyofusprobablybegantounderstandbasicarithmeticbycountingonour

fingers(26)welearnedtocountinourhead.

Atheorycalledembodiedcognitionsuggeststhatwhatgoesoninourmindscomesfromour

actionsandinteractionswiththeworldaroundus.Itmeansthat(27)(encourage)children

tothinkandlearninapurelyabstractwaymightactuallymakelessonsharderforthemto

understandandremember.

Sciencebacksuptheideathatactionsreallymightspeaklouderthanwordsintheclassroom.

Evenatthesubconsciouslevel,weappreciatethecommunicativevalueofourbodylanguage.

Thereisevidencethatteachers,(28)invariouscasesusearmsandhandmovementsin

lessons,achievebetterteachingresults.

Inlightofthis,it'stemptingtoconcludethatteachers,andtheirstudents,hadbetterjumpup

anddown,orwavetheirarmsaboutlikewindmillsduringlessons.ProfessorManches,however,

advisescaution.Theconcernisthatsciencehasnotquiteworkedout(29)therelationship

betweenbodyandmindworks."We(30)notjumpintotheinterventionstagetooearly,“

saysManches.

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybe

usedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.disadvantageB.notablyC.energeticD.insufficientE.alternate

F.evolvedG.contributionH.periodicI.withdrawalJ.coexistK.

adjusted

Thedegreetowhichseasonalchangesaffectmood,energy,sleep,appetite,foodpreference,

orthewishtosocializewithotherpeoplehasbeencalledseasonality.Seasonalaffectivedisorder

(SAD),aconditionwheredepressionsinfallandwinter___31___withnon-depressionperiodsin

springandsummer,isthemostmarkedformofseasonality.

Thetypicalsymptomsof___32___winterdepressionincludeloweredmood,social

_33__,increasedappetiteandweightgain.Mildornosymptomsoftenoccurinspringand

summer.Itisarguedthatsuchpatternofdepressionoccurrencefonnsanadaptivemechanism

whichenhancesthelikelihoodofreproductivesuccess,most___34___forfemales,among

populationslivingattemperatelatitudes(纬度).Womenaremorelikelytobecomepregnantinthe

summerandthustogivebirthatatimeofyearwhentheirbabieshaveahigherchanceofsurvival.

Lowchanceofsummerdepressionalsoindicates___35___individualsandpromoteshealthier

pregnancies,whichincreasethesurvivalchancesofbothmothersandbabies.Inthemodemera,it

isprobablethatrepeatedwinterdepressionisbecomingareproductive___36___.

Severallinesofevidencealsosuggestthatgeneticfactorsplayanimportantroleinthe

seasonalityandSAD.Millionsofyearsofevolutionhad___37___humanbiochemicalsystems

forsurvivalunderequatorial（赤道的）environmentalconditions.Modemhumansbegantomove

outofAfricaonlyabout150,000yearsago.Littlechangeinour'equatorial'systemsmighthave

beenexpectedoverthisrelativelyshortevolutionaryspan.Andageneticdefenselessnessagainst

seasonalchangesinmoodandbehaviorisoutof___38___adaptationtothenewliving

conditions.

Today,morestudiesofSADandseasonalityarereceivingconsiderableattention.Studieson

relativesofpatientswithSADalsosuggestedafamilial___39___tothedevelopmentofSAD.

ResearchersaretryingtofindoutwhetherSADandseasonalityareacquiredatbirthasa

compositeentity（实体）orwhetherthetwoareseparateacquiredtraitsthathappento___40___in

certainindividuals.

HI.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Inaletterhewrotein1884,MarkTwaincomplainedthat''Telephones,telegraphsandwords

aretooslowforthisage;wemustgetsomethingthatisfaster.^^“Weshouldcommunicateby

thoughtonly,andsayinacoupleofminuteswhatshouldhaveballoonedinto___41___inanhour

andahal£”saidhim.

Despitetheprogressthepreviouscenturybroughtforourunderstandingofbothlanguageand

thebrain,wearenoclosertotelepathy（心灵感应），communicationfromonemindtoanotherby

_42__means,thanwewereinTwain'stime.Thereasonisthatthetelepathywe'vebeen

promised,thesortimaginedbyTwain,and___43___incountlessmoviesandTVshows,is,for

thetimebeing,groundless.

'Goodold-fashionedtelepathy,（GOFT）involvesadirecttransferof___44___fromone

mindtoanother.Ithasfascinatedpeoplefbrgoodreasons.Itremovesthe___45___oflanguage.

WithGOFT,wenolongerneedtoputeachconceptintowordsorto46someone\

language.Youknowinstantlywhatonemeansastheformerchannelofcommunication,language,

isnotatallnecessary.The___47___oflanguageisthecentralfeatureofGOFT.Itiswhat

enablesscience-fictionwriterstoimaginehumansandaliensfromotherplanetscommunicating

telepathicallydespitenotsharingalanguage.Butcanitreallycometruewithcurrentscience

andtechnology?

Besides,GOFTpromisesgenuinecommunication.However,___48___isuniversal.Weall

haveexperiencesofsayingonething,onlytobeunderstoodassayingsomethingelse.Because

languageissoflexible,itisalsoeasytolieor___49___oneself.Wearen'tevencertainif

Bob'sexpressioncouldbeinlinewithwhathebelievesinayear'stime.

Theseweaknesseshavedrivenpeopletolookfbralternativesandfinally

inspiredinventionsofartificiallanguagestryingtoremovemisunderstanding.Ofcourse,oneday

whentechnologyallows,adirectthought-to-thoughttransferseemsthe___50___solution.

Manyofushavetheconfidencethatwecanthinkfasterthanwecanspeakorwrite.Having

torely___51___onlanguagetocommunicate,however,isdepressing.Therefore,the___52_

ofaddingnewdirectbrain-to-braincommunicationchannelsisexciting.Bychannelsofthiskind,

ourbrainscanbe'___53___'andallowedtobecommittedtoother___54___practicesinsteadof

conveyingmessages.Newbrain-to-brainchannelshavethepotentialtoincrease___55___,

turningusintosuper-actors,handlingsomanytasksinashortperiodoftimeaswecannotyet

imagine.

41.A.wordsB.gesturesC.actionsD.costs

42.A.extra-geneticB.extra-familialC.extra-sensoryD.extra-legal

43.A.sacrificedB.popularizedC.enclosedD.balanced

44.A.strengthB.intelligenceC.thoughtsD.structures

45.A.limitationsB.expensesC.commandD.evolution

46.A.replaceB.updateC.decodeD.imitate

47.A.avoidanceB.discriminationC.employmentD.expansion

48.A.reluctanceB.privacyC.fearD.misinterpretation

49.A.contradictB.indicateC.delayD.justify

50.A.multipleB.invisibleC.ultimateD.equivalent

51.A.roughlyB.casuallyC.entirelyD.willingly

52.A.distractionB.prospectC.originD.regulation

53.A.fedupB.setupC.cutoffD.letloose

54.A.profitableB.meaningfulC.steadyD.typical

55.A.charmB.recognitionC.efficiencyD.endurance

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethe

onethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

IwasinChicagofbrajobtrainingwhenIknewanearbytheatrewasreleasingafilmabout

savingdogs.Iloveanimalsandthisfundraisingeventsoundedrightupmyalley.However,none

ofmyco-workerscouldsqueezetimeforme.Igotcoldfeetfbranxietyaboutnavigatingthe

streetsbymyselfatnightalone.

ButinmyhotelroomIfeltrestlessandbored.Thetheatrewasonlyaboutfiveblocksaway

fromthehotel.HowcouldIstray?Hence,Idecidedtobraveit.Igatheredmyroomkeyandset

ofF.

ImanagedtofindthestreetofthetheatrebutwhenIturnedthecornerIstoppedinshock.

Thestreetinfrontofthetheatrewasfullofbikers-lotsofverybig,tough-lookingbikers.

NowIwasawomanallaloneatnight.Thereweremanylargemen,allwearinginsignia

suggestingtheywereinsomesortofcluborgang.Warningbellsbegantosoundandmyheart

jumpedinmythroat.WasIattherighttheatre?HadImisreadthedateoftheevent?

IfinallydecidedthatIwouldbesaferinsidethetheatrewheretherewas,presumably,a

crowdofpeople.Iscurriedintothetheatre.AsIsatthere,heartracing,waitingforthefilmto

start,Imutteredaprayertocontainmyanxieties.Alocalblues-rockbandwastheopeningactand

theirperformancedrewmyattention.Enthusiasmfortheband*sperformancesoontookawayall

myworriesfrommymindandIbegantorelax.

Aftertheband,thefilmbeganandIunderstoodthepresenceofthebikersaftera

conversationwiththestaff.Beingpartofananimalrescuegroup,theyhadescorteddogsfrom

NewJerseytoChicago.Atthatmoment.Iwasstruckbythebondthathaddrawnsomany

disparatefolkstothetheatre.Singers,sportsmen,ordinaryworkers-hadallbeenbroughttogether

byoursharedloveofanimals.Imadenewfriends.Idiscoveredanewbandandsupportedan

importantcause.Istayedtilltheveryendandmadeittomyhotelwithoutanyincident,overjoyed

thatIbrokeoutoftheboundaryIusedtosetformyselfandventuredintotheunknown.Tomy

amazement,therewardwasoneofthebestnightsofmylife.

56.Theauthordidn'tgotothetheatreatfirstbecause.

A.thetheatrewasfarrightupthealley

B.shecouldn'tsparetimefromthetraining

C.shewasafraidofgettinglostontheway

D.shewasconcernedthatshewouldcatchcoldatnight

57.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheauthorisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thegroupofbikersaccompaniedherintothetheatre.

B.Peopleinsidethetheatrerescuedherfromtheharmofbikers.

C.Sherangbellstowarnpeopleofpossibledangers.

D.Theopeningactwassuccessfulincalmingherdown.

58.Theunderlinedworddisparateinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto.

A.respectableB.diverseC.restlessD.common

59.Thewomanreturnedbacktothehotelveryhappybecause.

A.shediscoveredabandsheloved

B.shesuccessfullywentbacktothehotelsafe

C.sheknewthereasonforthepresenceofallthebikers

D.shesteppedoutofcomfortzoneandgotgoodresults

(B)

TheMysteriesoftheUniverse:Discoverthebest-keptsecrets&

ofspace(DKChildren'sAnthologies)Hardcover-InternationalEdition,

September1,2020

byWillGater(Author)

★★★★★v4,045ratings

Partof:DKChildren'sAnthologies(5books)

Ecfitors'pickBestNonfictionforKids

Seeallformatsandeditions

KindleHardcover

$1.99$12.29

ReadwithOurFreeApp52Usedfrom$6.17

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TraveltothefurthestreachesoftheUniverseandvisit100remarkableobjectsalongthewaywiththisstunningspacebook

forcuriouskidsaged7-9.

Buynew:$12.29v

FREEdelivery:Saturday,March18

onordersover$25.00shippedby

Amazon.

Shipsfrom:A

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Buyused:人

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$3.98deliveryMarch21-22.

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OrfastestdeliveryMarch16-21.

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Used:Good|Details

Soldbyglenthebookseller

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guaranteedwithuseditems.

AddtoCart

60.TheMysteriesoftheUniverseisabookthat.

A.offersinformationaboutover100objectsoftheuniverse

B.describesastoryhappeningintheouterspace

C.providesclose-uppicturesofpeopleandobjectsaroundchildren

D.uncoverssecretsofnaturalworldandanimals

61.Accordingtothepassage,whichoftheinfbnnationaboutthebookisTRUE?

A.Thebookcanbeobtainedsecond-handwiththelowestpriceof$12,29.

B.Thebookbelongstoaseries,allbooksofwhichexplorethemysteriesofouterspace.

C.Thebookhasbeengradedbyover4000people.

DThebookiscurrentlyqualifiedforfreeshipping.

62.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitthebookprovides?

A.Increasingreadingexperiencethroughpictures.

B.Improvingfamilyconnectionsbyjointexploration.

C.Attractingreadersthroughthestyleoftellingstories.

D.Providingsimplebookcoverbutqualitycontent.

(C)

Oneofthecuriousthingsaboutsocialnetworksisthewaythatsomemessages,pictures,or

ideascanspreadlikewildfirewhileothersthatseemjustascatchyorinterestingbarelyregisterat

all.

Beforeyougodeepintothepuzzle,considerthis:Ifyoumeasuretheheightofyourmale

friends,forexample,theaverageisabout170centimeters.Youare172andyourfriendsareall

aboutthesameheightasyouare.Indeed,themathematicalconceptoft4average^^isagoodwayto

capturethenatureofthisdataset.

Butimaginethatoneofyourfriendswasmuchtallerthanyou.Thispersonwould

dramaticallyskewtheaverage,whichwouldmakeyourfriendstallerthanyou,onaverage.In

thiscase,the“average“isapoorwaytocapturethisdataset.

Exactlythissituationoccursonsocialnetworks.Onaverage,yourcoauthorswillbecited

moreoftenthanyou,andthepeopleyoufollowwillpostmorefrequentlythanyou,andsoon.

NowLermanfromUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasdiscoveredarelatedparadox,

whichtheycallthemajorityillusion.Theyillustratethisillusionwithanexample.Theytake14

nodes(节点)linkeduptoformasmallnetwork.Theythencolorthreeofthesenodesandcount

howmanyoftheremainingnodeslinktotheminasinglestep.

Inonesituation,theuncolorednodesseemorethanhalfoftheirneighborsascolored.Thisis

themajorityillusion-thelocalimpressionthataspecificfeatureiscommonwhentheglobaltruth

isentirelydifferent.

Sohowpopularisitintherealworld?It'sfoundoutthatthemajorityillusionoccursin

almostallnetworkscenarios."Theeffectislargestinthepoliticalblogsnetwork,where60%

ofnodeswillhavemajorityactiveneighbours,evenwhenonly20%ofthenodesaretrulyactive/9

saysLerman.

Itimmediatelyexplainsmanyinterestingphenomena.Forastart,itshowshowsomecontent

canspreadgloballywhileothersimilarcontentdoesnot—thekeyistostartwithasmallnumber

ofwell-connectedearlyadoptersfoolingtherestofthenetworkintothinkingitiscommon.The

affectednodesthenfinditnaturaltofollowthetrend.Arealspreadfinallycomesintobeing.

Butitisnotyetamarketer'scharter.Forthat,marketersmustfirstidentifythepopularnodes

thatcancreatethemajorityillusionforthetargetaudience.Theseinfluencersmustthenbe

persuadedtoadoptthedesiredbehaviororproduct,whichisessentialtotheprospectofthe

marketingplan.

63.Thephraseskewtheaverageinthepassagemostprobablyreferstotheactionof.

A.hidingtherealaveragetobeunrecognizabletoothers

B.producinganaverageagainstthegeneralfeatureofdata

C.workingoutthecommonfeaturesuggestedbytheaverage

D.ignoringtheaveragebecauseofthefrequencybywhichitisreviewed

64.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Majorityillusionrarelyhasimpactsexceptinpoliticalblogsfield.

B.Themajorityillusiononsocialnetworksreliesonthatpeopleyoufollowpostmorethan

you.

C.Theessenceofsuccessfulopinionspreadistoinitiatethetrendwithwell-connected

sharers.

D.Thespreadscaleofideasonnetworksmainlydependsonthequalityofcontent.

65.Toguaranteethesuccessofmarketingpromotion,it'svitalto.

A.thoroughlyunderstandtheconceptofmajorityillusion

B.accuratelyfigureoutwhoisthepowerfulpersontoaffectothers

C.definitelydecidewhoarethetargetaudienceforthepromotion

D.successfullyconvincetheinfluencerstopracticecertainaction

66.Whatismostprobablythetitleofthepassage?

A.Thesocialnetworkvisionthattricksyourmind.

B.Whoisstealingyournetworkidentity?

C.Minoritynetworkopinionspread,curse（诅咒）orblessing?

D.Haveyoubeenmisledduringthelastpoliticalvoting?

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.

Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Thefrustrationaboutsuchshiftingwagepaymenthasaddednewwrinklestothecontroversy.

B.Thediversityoftippingchannelssomewhateasestheconflictsindecidingtheamountoftips.

C.Noworkersshouldhavetheirlivelihooddependontheircustomers9mercy.

D.Thepopularityofdigitalpoint-of-salesystemshasalsomeantconsumersarebeingaskedtotip

morefrequently.

E.Tipping,againstmanypeople'swills,establishesanewcustomer-serverrelationship.

F.It'sbelievedthattippingistheultimateprofit-sharingplan.

Tipping,customerspayingserviceworkers,usuallyatrestaurants,forservicestheyreceive,

hasbeenaregularpartofAmericanculturefbrwelloveracentury,buttheemergenceofnew

technologyandshiftingexpectationshaveshakenlong-standingnormsaroundthepractice.That

uncertainty,togetherwiththepressureitcanoftencreate,hasleftsomeconsumersfeeling

exhaustedbythefrequencywithwhichthey'reforcedtodecidewhichworkerstotipandhow

much.

Abigreasonfbrthegrowthofwhatisbeingcalled“tiptiredness,,istheincreasingpresence

ofdigitalpaymentsystems,whichhavereplacedtraditionalcashregistersatmostbusinesses.

Suddenly,ratherthanbeinggiventhechancetodropadollarinatipjar,customersareconfronted

withatablet.___67___Theyhavetotipfbrservicesthey'dneverconsideredtippingfbrin

thepast.

Tippingalsomakeslaborlawsmorecomplicated.Inallbutahandfulofstates,employersare

allowedtopaytippedworkersbelowminimumwage.Insomecases,thestandardisaslowas

$2.13perhour,aslongasworkersmakeenoughintipstoearntheequivalentofminimumwage.

___68___Manypeoplearedebatingoverwhethertippingsystemneedarepair-oreven

shouldbecancelledaltogether.Theysaytippingneedstobeeliminatedandreplacedbyafair

wagefbrallserviceworkers.Thetippingpracticeincreasesthepossibilitythatemployeescan't

getwhattheydeserve.___69___Inmanycases,customers9tipamountsarelargelyguidedby

factorsotherthanqualityoftheservicetheyreceive,whichmakesthesituationevenworse.

However,defendersofthecurrentarrangementsayit'sstillthebestoption.___70___It

providesachancefbrworkerstohavemorecontrolovertheirfinancialwelfare.Ifarestaurantis

doingwellbecauseit'ssafelyoperated,properlymanagedanddeliversgreatfood,customerswill

usuallytip.Andwhenthathappens,everyone-fromthewaitstafftothedishwashers-can

shareinthebusiness'ssuccess.

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.