Unit+6+Survival+Developing+ideas+Reading+课件【知识精讲精研】高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit6Period4Reading新课导入1Workinpairs.CompletethequizandfindouthowmuchyouknowaboutMars.Trytoguessifyouarenotsureoftheanswers.Howmuch

doyouknow

aboutMARS?1Marsisthe______smallestplanetinthesolarsystem.asecond

bthird

cfourth2

ThesurfaceofMarsiscoveredin______arocks

bwater

cgrass3TheaveragerecordedtemperatureonMarsis______a

40°C

b2°C

c-63°C4

OnedayonMarsisabout______long.a

18hours

b24hoursc37hours课堂学习Answerthequestionsbelow:1DoyouthinkwhetherMarsishabitable?Whyorwhynot?2WhymighthumansliveonMars?Pre-reading2ReadthepassageandfindoutwhyhumansmightliveonMars.PlanB:LifeonMars?1Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanrace,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsontheplanet,couldbewipedoutbynuclearmissiles,justatthepushofabutton.Today,however,environmentalproblemshavetakenoverasthegreatestrisktolifeonEarth.Scientistsarethinkingofwaystolowerthisrisk,suchasreplacingcoalandoilwithformsofrenewableenergy.Buttheyarealsopreparingfortheworst:whatcanwedoiftheterrifyingscenesinfilmssuchasTheDayAfterTomorrowhappeninreallife?WhatisourPlanBforEarth?2

Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.ThemostlikelychoiceisMars,whichisrelativelyclosetoEarthandhasanenvironmentlesshostilethanthatofotherplanets.Marshasfascinatedpeoplesinceancienttimes,andtodayourinterestinMartianexplorationisgreaterthaneverbefore.FilmssuchasTheMartianenjoyworldwidepopularity.MoregovernmentsandorganisationsaremakingeffortstoeducatethepublicontheRedPlanet,forexample,theMarsDesertResearchStationintheUtahdesertoftheUSandtheMarsVillageinNorth­westChina'sQinghaiProvince.3

Sincethe1960s,wehavebeensendingunmannedspacecrafttoMars.Ourprobeshaveorbitedtheplanet,sendingbackvaluabledataandstunningimages.OurrobotshaveexploredtheMartiansurface,testingthesoilandsearchingforresources,waterandsignsoflife.Encouragedbydiscoveriesovertheyears,spaceagenciesofvariouscountriesareplanningmannedmissionstoMarsthatcouldtakeplacewithinthenext25years.4

ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars,withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.However,sendingpeopletherewillrequirealltheskill,courageandintelligenceofthehumanrace.WhiletheMooncanbereachedwithindays,itwouldtakemonthstoreachMars,travellingthroughdangeroussolarradiation.AndevenifthefirstsettlersdoreachMarssafely,theymaynotbeabletoreturntoEarth-ever.Stayingalivewillbeadailychallenge,butasprovedbytheBiosphere2experiment,notimpossible.Asearlyasthe1980s,scientistswerebuildingBiosphere2intheArizonadesert.Itconsistedofaclosedspaceinwhichpeople,animalsandplantscouldlivetogether.The“closed”conceptmeantthatthespacewasdesignedtofunctionwithitsownoxygen,foodandwater,needingnothingfromtheoutsideworld.Althoughthetwo­yearexperimentwasnotasuccess,itdidprovideuswithabetterunderstandingofhowhumansmightbeabletoliveonanotherplanet.Morerecently,scientistshavesucceededingrowingavarietyofplantsinanenvironmentsimilartothatonMars.Thatdefinitelyisabigstepforward.5

Fornow,humansettlementofMarsisstilldecadesaway.Inthemeantime,scientificresearchshowsthattheplanetEarthisgettingwarmer.Thischangeisbeingcausedbyhumanactivityandishavingaterribleeffectonthebiosphere.Untilwearefinallyabletoliveonanotherplanet,weneedtotakemuchbettercareofourown.Rightnow,it'stheonlyonewehave!ReadthepassageandfindoutwhyhumansmightliveonMars.BecauseMarsisrelativelyclosetoEarthandhasanenvironmentlesshostilethanthatofotherplanets.3Choosethemagazineinwhichyouwouldmostlikelyfindthepassageandgiveyourreasons.1

TheTraveller2

AllAboutSpace3

EnvironmentalConcerns4

BiologyforFunReadthepassagequicklyandtalkaboutwhateachparagraphtells.Para.1WhydowehavePlanBforEarth?Para.2WhyMars?Para.3Humans'explorationrelatedtoMarsPara.4ThechallengesofmakingMarsoursecondhomePara.5Rightnow,Earthistheonlyhomewehave!4Choosethestatementsthatcanbeinferredfromthepassage.1.HumanshaveyetnotvisitedMars.2.PeoplewanttogotoMarsonholiday.3.ThereareplantsgrowingonMars.4.ThegreatestrisktolifeonEarthusedtobenuclearmissiles.5.Oneday,humanswillhavetogoandliveonanotherplanet.6.OurPlanAincludesdevelopingrenewableenergyresources.7.TheBiosphere2experimentendedinfailure.EvidenceofNumber1:...spaceagenciesofvariouscountriesareplanningmannedmissionstoMarsthatcouldtakeplacewithinthenext25years.(Para.3)EvidenceofNumber4:Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanrace,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsontheplanet,couldbewipedoutbynuclearmissiles,justatthepushofabutton.(Para.1)Sonumber4“ThegreatestrisktolifeonEarthusedtobenuclearmissiles”EvidenceofNumber6:Scientistsarethinkingofwaystolowerthisrisk,suchasreplacingcoalandoilwithformsofrenewableenergy.(Para.1)EvidenceofNumber7:Asearlyasthe1980s,scientistswerebuildingBiosphere2intheArizonadesert.Althoughthetwo-yearexperimentwasnotasuccess,...(Para.4)Nowworkinpairs.Findevidencetosupportyourchoices.LearningtolearnSometimes,weneedtoformopinionsanddrawconclusionsthatarenotdirectlystatedwithinthegiveninformation.Forexample,fromthesentence“WhiletheMooncanbereachedwithindays,itwouldtakemonthstoreachMars,travellingthroughdangeroussolarradiation”,wecaninferthattheMoonislessexposedtodangerousradiationthanMars.Headingsandpicturescanalsohelpusmakeeducatedguessesaboutatext.ThinkShare1WouldyouliketobeoneofthefirstpeopletoliveonMars?Whyorwhynot?2Whichisbetter,toliveonMarsortosolveEarth’sproblems?Why?3Canyouthinkofa“PlanC”tosavepeoplefromtheproblemsonEarth?Shareitwiththeclass.4Whatthemedothetworeadingpassagesinthisunithaveincommon?Onwhataspectsdoeseachpassagefocus?1WouldyouliketobeoneofthefirstpeopletoliveonMars?Whyorwhynot?2Whichisbetter,toliveonMarsortosolveEarth’sproblems?Why?3Canyouthinkofa“PlanC”tosavepeoplefromtheproblemsonEarth?Shareitwiththeclass.4Whatthemedothetworeadingpassagesinthisunithaveincommon?Onwhataspectsdoeseachpassagefocus?Yes,IwouldliketobeoneofthefirstpeopletoliveonMars.BecauseIrelishthechallengingthings.Thetwopassagessharethethemeofprotectingourlivingenvironments.Thefirstpassagefocusesonbalancingnatureandurbandevelopment,andtheneedforharmonybetweenhumansandanimals.ThesecondpassagefocusesonourneedtoprotectEarthevenifweintendtosettleonotherplacessuchasMarsinfuture.IthinktosolveEarth’sproblemsisbetter.Becauseit’sMorefeasible.Yes.Tocollectandreuseallthewaste.5Workinpairs.ConductaninterviewaboutlivingonMars.1Decideyourroles.2LookatthesamplequestionsaboutlivingonMarsandaddanymoreyoucanthinkof.Thenwritedownsomeanswers.3Actouttheinterviewwithyourpartner.Questions•Whatcanyouseefromthewindowofthespacecraft?•Canyougooutside?•HowdoyougetfoodonMars?•WhatdoyoumissaboutEarth?Answers

Nowthinkabouthowwellyouperformedintheinterview.Voteinclassforthebestinterview.Languagepoints1.Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanrace,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsontheplanet,couldbewipedoutbynuclearmissiles,justatthepushofabutton.在20世纪60、70年代，最大的恐惧是，只需按下一个按钮，人类——甚至可能是地球上所有的高级生命体——就可能被核导弹彻底毁灭。

(1)“that...button”为that引导的表语从句。

(2)advancedadj.高级的；先进的advancevt.&vi.前进，促进，提前

n.前进，进步advancedtechnology先进的技术advancedscience先进科学；尖端科学advancedmathematics高等数学

advancedmaterial先进材料advanceon/upon/towards...向……推进/挺进makeadvances(in)(在……方面)取得进步/进展inadvance(=aheadoftime)预先，提前inadvanceof在……前面；超过(3)wipeout彻底摧毁，消灭e.g.Thewholevillagewaswipedoutbythefloods.

整个村庄都被洪水给摧毁了。2.Buttheyarealsopreparingfortheworst:whatcanwedoiftheterrifyingscenesinfilmssuchasTheDayAfterTomorrowhappeninreallife?

但他们也在做最坏的打算：如果《后天》等电影中的恐怖场景发生在现实生活中，我们该怎么办?。(1)if引导条件状语从句。

(2)terrifyingadj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的terrifyvt.使害怕，使恐惧terrifysb.使某人害怕terrifiedadj.恐惧的，害怕的beterrifiedof(doing)sth.害怕（做）某事beterrifiedat/by因……而害怕beterrified(that)...害怕……3.Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.

一种选择是探索其他行星，看看我们能否在它们上面生活。“toexploreotherplanets”为动词不定式短语作表语；“tosee...onthem”为动词不定式短语作目的状语，其中if引导宾语从句，作see的宾语。4.ThemostlikelychoiceisMars,whichisrelativelyclosetoEarthandhasanenvironmentlesshostilethanthatofotherplanets.

最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境不像其他行星那么恶劣。

此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语；that替代了theenvironment。5.FilmssuchasTheMartian

enjoyworldwidepopularity.像《火星救援》这样的电影在全世界都很受欢迎。enjoyworldwidepopularity意为“在全世界范围内受欢迎”。e.g.Thecombinationofgoodqualityandfashionabledesignhasenabledthisbrandtoenjoyworldwidepopularity.

高质量结合时尚的设计，使该品牌风靡全世界。6.MoregovernmentsandorganisationsaremakingeffortstoeducatethepublicontheRedPlanet,forexample,theMarsDesertResearchStationintheUtahdesertoftheUSandtheMarsVillageinNorth­westChina'sQinghaiProvince.

越来越多的政府和组织正在努力对公众进行有关“红色星球”的教育，例如美国犹他州的火星沙漠研究站和中国西北部青海省的火星村。(1)makeeffortstodosth努力做某事e.g.Wemustmakeeffortstotranslateouridealintoreality.我们必须努力把理想变为现实。(2)educatesb.onsth.在某事上对某人予以教育

=educatesb.about/insth.

e.g.ThecountrylaunchedacampaigntoeducateteenagersaboutAIDS.该国发起了一场教育青少年了解艾滋病知识的运动。7.Ourprobeshaveorbitedtheplanet,sendingbackvaluabledataandstunningimages.我们的探测器已经绕火星轨道运行，并发回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像。现在分词短语作伴随状语。8.OurrobotshaveexploredtheMartiansurface,testingthesoilandsearchingforresources,waterandsignsoflife.

我们的机器人已经探索了火星表面，测试了土壤并且在寻找资源、水和生命的迹象。

现在分词短语作伴随状语。9.Encouragedbydiscoveriesovertheyears,spaceagenciesofvariouscountriesareplanningmannedmissionstoMarsthatcouldtakeplacewithinthenext25years.受到多年来这些发现的鼓舞，各国航天机构正计划在未来25年内进行载人飞船登陆火星的任务。

本句是主从复合句。“Encouraged...years”为过去分词短语作原因

状语；that引导定语从句，修饰mannedmissionstoMars。10.ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars,withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.

毫无疑问，人类被火星所吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二家园。本句中that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt；“with...home”为介词短语作状语，其中包含“make+宾语+宾补”结构。11.WhiletheMooncanbereachedwithindays,itwouldtakemonthstoreachMars,travellingthroughdangeroussolarradiation.

到达月球只需要几天的时间，而到达火星却需要数月的时间，并且其间要经历危险的太阳辐射。本句中While引导让步状语从句，While在此意为“虽然”；“travelling...radiation”为现在分词短语作伴随状语。12.AndevenifthefirstsettlersdoreachMarssafely,theymaynotbeabletoreturntoEarth-ever.而且即使第一批开拓者安全抵达火星，他们可能永远无法再回到地球。

evenif引导让步状语从句，evenif意为“即使，尽管”，do强调谓语动词reach。13.Itconsistedofaclosedspaceinwhichpeople,animalsandplantscouldlivetogether.它由一个封闭的空间组成，人、动物和植物可以在其中共同生活。(1)本句中“inwhich...together”为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰先行词aclosedspace。(2)consistof=bemadeupof=becomposedof由……构成/组成consistin=liein在于consistwith=beconsistentwith与……一致14.The“closed”conceptmeantthatthespacewasdesignedtofunctionwithitsownoxygen,foodandwater,needingnothingfromtheoutsideworld.

“封闭”的概念意味着这个空间被设计成依靠自身的氧气、食物和水来运作，而不需