Unit6Understandingideas-Usinglanguage词汇精讲课堂

词汇课堂Awordisamicrocosmofhumanconsciousness.—Vygotsky教材版本：新外研册别单元：必修三Unit6

(Understandingideas—Usinglanguage)本单元词汇梳理1.disaster词块：naturaldisasters,thedisasterarea2.tube熟词生义：地铁(美式英语：subway)词块：take/catchthetube,bytube3.plus加号＋；反义词minus；熟词生义：优点词块：ontheplusside4.erupt派生词：eruption5.immediatelyimmediate(adj

立即的)+-lyadv

近义词：atonceconj

近义词：assoonas6.occur正式用语，对应happenoc-(=ob-against,toward相对、向)+cur(torun跑)→相对着跑，即跑到一起→遇到→发生词块：occurto,itoccurstosb(that),itoccurstosbtodosth7.announcementannounce(宣布)+-ment(名词后缀)词块：makeanannouncement=announce8.forecastfore-(before在……之前)+cast(throw投)→预先投放→预料、预测近义词：predict词块：aweatherforecast9.grab基本义：抓住熟词生义：匆忙地吃/喝词块：grabtheopportunity10.reliablerely(依赖)+-able(可……的)→可以依赖的→可信赖的近义词：dependable11.rescue近义词：save词块：rescueworkers,cometosb’srescue,rescuesbfrom12.emergencyemerge(出现)+-ency(名词后缀)→突然出现的事→突发事件、紧急情况PublicHealthEmergency13.typhoon音译词14.exceptionally词族：except,exception,exceptional,exceptionally15.claim词块：claimtobe/dosth,

claim+(that)从句,makeaclaim/claims16.crisis词块：crisisofconfidence;energycrisis;financialcrisis17.threat&threaten词族：threat,threaten,threatening词块：athreattosth,threatentodosth18.preciselyprecise(精确的)+-ly(副词后缀)precise：pre-(before前)+-cise(tocut切)→预先裁剪好的→精确的近义词：exactlyoccur重难点词精讲一词多义英语释义claim搭配义rescue辨析义grab一词多义plus一词多义 iPhone64.7英寸1334×750像素电池续航50小时iPhone6Plus

5.5英寸1920×1080像素电池续航80小时plus自从2014年苹果推出了iPhone6Plus后，各个手机厂商也不断推出以Plus命名的手机。Plus是什么意思呢？

iPhone6Plus

和iPhone6最的主要区别在于屏幕的大小：iPhone6Plus是iPhone6的加大版，plus意为“加”“外加”。■n[C]加号；正号；[非正式用语]有利因素反minus：theplussignHerknowledgeofFrenchisabigplusinherjob.■prep

加；加上反minus

；外加；另有：Threeplustwoequals/is/makesfive.Hehadwealthplusfame.■conj

[非正式用语]并且；而且：Mobilephonesaresmallanduseful.Plustheyarecheaperthanbefore.

plus词源：来自拉丁语plus(more,ingreaternumber更多、更大)，基本义为“加”。■adj

说出下列词块或句子中plus的汉语释义。Aplusplus5℃anincomeof$50,000plusThisisnotanexcitingcartodrive,butontheplussideitisextremelyreliable.零上好的/有利的多A+plus语义网络图加；加上加

(基本义)有利因素加号nprepadjconj外加；另有表示加的零上的多；余好的；有利的并且；而且工作、表现等的加分项Majorearthquakeslikethisoften_______________（发生）.happen

正式用语根据所给汉语，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。occur/occur

[正式用语]发生tohappen:

AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.

2017江苏

出现；存在toexistorbefoundsomewhere：

Sugaroccursnaturallyinfruit.Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.2014重庆occurtosb浮现于脑中；被想起：①itoccurstosbtodosth:Itoccurredtohertophonethepolice.②itoccurstosb+that从句:NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.

2013湖南occur词源解读：oc-(=ob-against,toward相对、向)+cur(torun跑)→相对着跑，即跑到一起的→遇到→发生比happen正式occur的两个重要用法occur

句中写—读后续写1.Asuddenthoughtoccurred

tohim.读写细节描写一句多译：想到了一个想法(flash)(enter)(strike)(hit)(take)2.Asuddenthoughtflashedacrosshismind.3.Asuddenthoughtenteredhismind.4.Asuddenthoughtstruckhim.5.Asuddenthoughthithim.6.Hewastakenbyasuddenthought.词汇拓展

[C]发生的事情：everydayoccurrences

[U]发生；出现►occurrencenoccur,happen,takeplace析辨相同点：

三者都可指“发生”

三者都是不及物动词，都不能用于被动语态不同点：occur指“发生”时可与happen换用，但occur较为正式。

Ifanyofthesesymptomsoccurwhileyouaretakingthemedicine,consultyourdoctorimmediately.happen

主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。

Maybesomethingunexpectedhappened.takeplace主要指按计划进行或发生，可指发生好事或不好的事。

Theconferencewilltakeplacenextmonth.奥黛丽·赫本（AudreyHepburn，1929—1993），英国电影和舞台剧女演员，曾出演《罗马假日》(RomanHoliday)《蒂凡尼的早餐》《窈窕淑女》等影片。她一生中共获得五次奥斯卡最佳女主角提名。晚年时，奥黛丽·赫本投身慈善事业，是联合国儿童基金会亲善大使的代表人物，为第三世界妇女与孩童争取权益。1992年被授予美国“总统自由勋章”，1993年获奥斯卡人道主义奖。1999年，她被美国电影学会评为“百年来最伟大的女演员”第三位。grab机遇很少凭空出现。因此，当它们出现时，你一定要抓住。——奥黛丽·赫本grabv

vi&vt（试图）抓住(seize)：Lilygrabbedthetoycarfromherlittlebrother.grabtheopportunity/chance

vt［非正式用语］（因忙碌而）赶紧/抓紧（吃/喝/睡）togetsomefoodorsleepquicklybecauseyouarebusy：Fromthispointon,you’llhavefreetimetoexplorethecityandgrabsomelunch.2011湖北Whydon’tyougoandgrabsomesleep?

吸引；引人注意：TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.■n[C]［常用单数］（猛然的）抓取seize/grasp/take(up)theopportunitygrab语义网络图（猛然的）抓取

吸引；引人注意

（因忙碌而）赶紧/抓紧（吃/喝/睡）

（试图）抓住“抓住”某人的注意力“抓住”时机吃、喝、睡“抓住”某人或某物抓住（基本义）grab动词名词rescue歌曲欣赏：rescue《拯救》■

vt

营救：Shewasrescuedfromaburningbuilding.

■

n[U]&[C]救援；营救：cometosb’srescue

Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.rescue新闻里经常报道某个国家的某个城市发生了炸弹袭击，而某个人或某个组织“声称”对该起恐袭事件负责，其中的“声称；宣称”就用claim表示。claim——新闻报道（释义①）

新闻中还常有天灾人祸的报道，往往会提及“……夺去了多少人的生命”，这时往往用“灾难或冲突等+claim+life/lives”表达。claim——新闻报道（释义③）当认为自己有合法权利提出某项要求时可以用claim。比如，当网购的物品有损坏而要求退款（claimthemoneybackfordamages）；汽车因刮蹭向投保的保险公司索赔（claimontheinsurance）；认领丢失的财物（claimlostproperty）等等。claim——维权（释义②）claim

v

vt

声称；宣称

tosaythatsthistrue,withouthavinganyproof：Scientistsareclaimingamajorbreakthroughinthefightingagainstcancer.①

claimtobe/dosth:Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.②claim+(that)从句：SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.

vt&vi（根据权利）要求；索要；认领toaskforsthbecauseyouthinkit’syourlegalrighttohaveit：Heshouldbeableto

claimback

thepriceoftheticket.Youcanclaimon

theinsuranceifyouhaveanaccidentwhileonholiday.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.2010湖南

vt[尤用于新闻报道]夺去（生命）tocausesb’sdeath：Over3,000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquake.■n[C]

声称；断言：Theymadeclaims

theycouldn’tliveupto.

（对事物的）权利；所有权：Thereisalargenumberofpatentexaminers,whoseonlyjobistoexaminewhetheryourclaimisvalidornot.

要求；索赔：Youcanmakeaclaim

oninsurancepolicy.

本单元金句汇总1.Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.2014重庆2.NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.

2013湖南3.TheBeatlesimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeople.4.Don’tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon’tknow.5.SomepeopleclaimthatsurfingtheInternetisawasteoftime.

随堂检测一、选出能替换画线部分的单词。Mobilephonesaresmallanduseful.Plustheyarecheaperthanbefore.(Besides/However) _____________二、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。

1.IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.（2016北京）

_____________2.Thisisnotanexcitingcartodrive,butontheplusside

itisextremelyreliable. _____________3.Whatsomepeopleregardasadrawback（缺点）isseenasaplusbymanyothers.（2010北京）

_____________4.MyjobistointroduceBritishvisitorstothe120-pluspandas.（2016全国改）

_____________plus从好的方面来说以及/外加优点/优势120多Besides一、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。1._________________________（我没有想到）thathemighthavehadproblems.2.Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideas_____________________________（他想到的）.3.Isuppose________________________________（她根本没想到要请求帮助）.4._________________________（他突然想到）thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.Itdidn’toccurtomethat/whichitdidn’toccurtohertoaskforhelpItsuddenlyoccurredtohimoccuroccurredtohim二、选出适当的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。1.TheOlympics__________________everyfouryears.2.Nooneknowsexactlywhat__________________butseveralpeoplehavebeenhurt.3.Theinstructionssay:“Ifanyadverse（不利的）reactions__________________,discontinueuseandconsultyourdoctor.”takeplacehappened/occurredoccurred

occurhappentakeplace一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Shegrabbedthechild’shandandran. ___________2.Thebookisfullofgoodideastograb

thestudents’attention. ___________3.HangonwhileIgrab

acupofcoffee. ___________二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。Ithinkyoushould________________________________（抓住机会）totravelwhileyou’reyoung.抓住

吸引grab赶紧喝grabthechance/opportunityrescue

汉译英。1.救援人员______________________2.营救某人(n)______________________3.营救行动_____________________________4.从……中救出某人

(v)______________________rescueworkerscometosb’srescuer