Unit+2+Be+Sporty,Be+Healthy+Grammar+and+usage+时态语态课件-【知识精讲精研】高中英语译林版（2020）必修第二册

时态

语态谓动时态16种语态过去现在将来过去将来主动被动Onceuponatime,therewasanisland.Thethreethingsthatpeopletherelikedtodois...EatingSleepingBeatingDoudou遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。Doudouisalways

beaten

bysomeone.always昨天晚上，夜黑风高，它又被打了。Doudouwasbeaten

yesterdayevening.Yesterdayevening明天，豆豆还会面临暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。Doudouwillbebeaten

tomorrowevening.tomorrowevening可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeaten

formanyyears.formanyyears我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打。OurdearDoudouisbeing

beatennow.now随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeaten

anytime.Whatarecommonofthesesentences?Heis

always

beaten

bysomeone.Hewas

beaten

bysomeone

yesterdayevening.Hewillbe

beaten

bysomeone

tomorrowevening.He

hasbeenbeatenformanyyears.He

isbeingbeatennow.Theyareallpassivevoice.语态：这个语法范畴关注的点在于动词的主语是否是动作发出者：发出动作的人或物作主语，就叫主动语态。接受动作的人或物作主语，就叫被动语态。主动语态：We

clean

ourclassroomeveryday.被动语态：Ourclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.

被动语态基本构成：be+及物动词的过去分词（+by+动作执行者）。其中be为助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。如果使用情态动词，则是情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词（+by+动作执行者）。Ourschoolwasbuiltin1961.Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible.语态（voice）主动与被动Theyplanttreesinspring.主动语态Treesareplanted

inspring.被动语态根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系主语是动作的执行者主动语态被动语态主语是动作的承受者主动变被动宾变主，主变宾。时态不变，谓语变成be加done。人称与数要注意，其余照抄就可以ManypeoplespeakChinese.(主动)Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.（被动语态）Manystudentsplayfootballontheplaygroundeveryday.→→Footballisplayed

bymanystudentsontheplaygroundeveryday.Marrydrewapicture.→→Thepicturewasdrawn

byMarry.Myunclebroughtmeup.→→Iwasbroughtup

bymyuncle.Thefarmersgrowcottoneveryyear.→→Cottonisgrown

bythefarmerseveryyear.被动语态的句型句型构成例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+by...)Englishisspokeneverywhere.到处有人说英语。否定句一般疑问句特殊疑问句被动语态的句型句型构成例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+by...)Englishisspokeneverywhere.到处有人说英语。否定句主语+be+not+过去分词(+by…)Englishisn’tspokenbypeoplehere.这里的人不说英语。一般疑问句特殊疑问句被动语态的句型句型构成例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+by...)Englishisspokeneverywhere.到处有人说英语。否定句主语+be+not+过去分词(+by…)Englishisn’tspokenbypeoplehere.这里的人不说英语。一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?—WasTomaskedtocomeearly?汤姆被要求早点来吗?—Yes,hewas.是的，他被要求了。/No,hewasn’t.不，他没有。特殊疑问句被动语态的句型句型构成例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+by...)Englishisspokeneverywhere.到处有人说英语。否定句主语+be+not+过去分词(+by…)Englishisn’tspokenbypeoplehere.这里的人不说英语。一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?—WasTomaskedtocomeearly?汤姆被要求早点来吗?—Yes,hewas.是的，他被要求了。/No,hewasn’t.不，他没有。特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?Whywasthisbridgedestroyedbythegovernment?政府为什么要拆毁这座桥?写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词1.ask—look—2.close—like—tie____4.plan—slim—3.worry—marry—

askedaskedlookedlookedclosedclosedlikedlikedplannedplannedtiedtiedworriedworriedmarriedmarried5.put—begin—slimmedslimmedputputbeganbegun动词过去式/过去分词规则变化1.直接在结尾+edwork-workedwant-wantedlook-looked

2.以不发音的“e”结尾的，直接加"d”live-livedtaste-tastedlove-loved3.以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音的单词，即“辅元辅”，应双写最后的辅音后加edstop-stoppedchat-chatted4.辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加edcarry-carriedstudy-studied时态tense时:相对于说话人说话的时间，就是动词的“时”。态:用来表达事件在时间上的形态。一般完成进行完成进行现在一般现在时dodoes;am,is,are现在完成时have/hasdone现在进行时am/is/aredoing现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing过去一般过去时did;was,were过去完成时haddone过去进行时was/weredoing过去完成进行时hadbeendoing将来一般将来时willdo将来完成时willhavedone将来进行时willbedoing将来完成进行时willhavebeendoing过去将来过去将来一般时woulddo过去将来完成时wouldhavedone过去将来进行时wouldbedoing过去将来完成进行时wouldhavebeendoing1.一般现在时Itseldomsnowshere.写出下列动词的第三人称单数1.ask—look—like—2.guess—mix—teach—wash—go—do—3.worry—marry—

askslookslikesguessesworriesmarries4.be____have--mixesis/washasteacheswashesgoesdoes动词第三人称单数规则变化1.在词尾加sstay--stayslove--loves

2.以-s.-x.-ch,-sh,-o结尾的单词：在词尾加espass--passesfix--fixeswatch--watcheswash--washesgo--goesdo--does3.以辅音字母+y结尾的单词：改y为i加escarry--carriesstudy--studies4.特殊情况：have--has

be--is1.在词尾加sorange--orangesbike--bikes2.以-s.-x.-ch,-sh结尾的单词：在词尾加esclass--classesbox--boxeswatch--watchesdish--dishes3.以o结尾的部分单词：加esnegro-negroes黑人

hero—heroes英雄tomato-tomatoes

potato-potatoes4.以辅音字母+y结尾的单词：改y为i加esbaby--babiesstudy--studies5.以f或fe结尾的单词：改f或fe为v加esknife--knivesleaf--leaves可数名词单数变复数Theboyreadsthebookeveryday.Thebookisreadbytheboyeveryday.一般现在时一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态by+动作执行者He_______(be)alwaysreadytohelpothers.We________(have)mealsthreetimesaday.Theflight________(take)offat2：30everyWednesdayandFriday.Paper_______(make)fromwood.Theflowers_______(water)byMaryeveryday.ishavetakesismadearewatered1.一般现在时Itseldomsnowshere.by+动作执行者2.一般过去时Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Myhomeworkisfinishedbymeyesterday.一般过去时一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态by+动作执行者Weoften________(play)togetherwhenwe________(be)children.Jim________(go)homeat6o’clockyeasterday.We________(meet)herinthestreetthedaybeforeyesterday.Thetable

_______(clean)

justnow.Thelibrary_______(build)in2000.playedwentmetwascleanedwasbuiltwere2.一般过去时3.一般将来时Theywillplanttreestomorrow.Treeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.一般将来时一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态by+动作执行者Ourschoolisgoingtoholdameetingtonight.Ameetingisgoingtobeheldbyourschooltonight.一般将来时一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态by+动作执行者I________________________(begoingto,buy)somebookstomorrow.Thesecars_____________(send)abroadbyseanextmonth.We_____________(pinish)ifwebreaktherule.Thesportsmeeting_____________(not,hold)nextMonday.When__________yourhomework_____________(finish)?--Tonight.amgoingtobuyshall/willbepunishedwon’tbeheldwillbefinishedwillbesent3.一般将来时TheTV_____________(turnoff)justnow..Yourhomeworkshould_____________(finish)byyourself.Theclassroom________(cleaned)byuseveryday.AtalkonChinesehistory_______(give)tomorrow.It_______(be)sunnynextMonday.wasturnedoffiscleanedwillbegivenwillbebefinished用括号里的单词的正确形式填空1.一般现在时现在的重复、经常、习惯、真理过去的动作、经常、重复、习惯

2.一般过去时3.一般将来时将来的动作、经常4.现在进行时写出下列单词的过去分词和现在分词1.ask—look—2.close—like—4.plan—slim—3.worry—marry—

askedaskinglookedlookingclosedclosinglikedlikingplannedplanningworriedworryingmarriedmarrying5.tie____die--slimmedslimmingtiedtyingdieddying动词过去式/过去分词规则变化现在分词规则变化1.直接在结尾+edwork-workedwant-wantedlook-looked1.直接在结尾+ingwork-workingwant-wanting

2.以不发音的“e”结尾的，直接加"d”live-livedtaste-tastedlove-loved3.以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音的单词，即“辅元辅”，应双写最后的辅音后加edstop-stoppedchat-chatted4.辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加edcarry-carriedstudy-studied2.以不发音的“e”结尾的，直接加"ing”live-livingtaste-tastinglove-loving3.以重读闭音节结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音的单词，即“辅元辅”，应双写最后的辅音后加ed。stop-stoppingchat-chatting4.ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加inglie-lyingdie-dyingtie-tyingSheiswateringtheflowers.Theflowersarebeingwateredbyher.现在进行时现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态by+动作执行者Itisreportedthatthewaterinthelake_____________(not,protect)now.Listen!They________________(talk)abouttheirvisitingtheGreatWall.Thecar_____________(repair)atpresent.Look!Sometrees_____________(cutdown)inthepark..Mother_____________(prepare)supperinthekitchennow.isnotbeingprotectedisbeingrepairedarebeingcutdownispreparingaretalking用进行时态填空要点：现在进行时的被动语态的注意事项1.不可遗漏being。现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的被动动作,如果我们把being漏掉,即成为一般现在时的被动语态。Look!Thechildrenarebeingtakencareofbytheiraunt.Childrenaretakengoodcareofatschool.孩子们在学校里被照顾得很好。（一般现在时的被动语态）2.现在进行时的被动语态有时也可以转换为"be+介词(under/in等)+名词"结构。Theproblemisunderdiscussion(=isbeingdiscussed)atthemeeting.会上正在讨论这个问题。4.现在进行时5.现在完成时Theboyhasfinishedthework.Theworkhasbeenfinishedbytheboy.现在完成时现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态by+动作执行者Thecountryside_____________(change)alotinthepastfewyears.Financialproblemsofthecompany_____________(discuss)fornearlytwohourHowlong__________thisfilm_____________(show)?--About1hour.__________thedateforthenextmeeting_____________(decide)?--No,ithasn’t.ThisisthefirsttimeTom_____________(invite)toperformonthestage.haschangedhasbeenshowedHasbeendecidedhasbeeninvitedhavebeendiscussed用完成时态填空5.现在完成时Lotsofnewhouses_____________(build)intheareanow.Heisalways_____________(praise)bytheteacher.Theroom_______already_____________(clean).We_____________(build)manyhousesinthepasttenyears.→Manyhouses_____________(build)inthepasttenyears.We______already_______(give)himthebook.→He_____________(give)thebook.→Thebook_____________(give)tohim.arebeingbuilthasbeencleanedhavebuiltbeingpraised用进行时和完成时填空havebeenbuilthavegivenhasbeengivenhasbeengiven4.现在进行时5.现在完成时各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表时态主动语态被动语态1一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+过去分词2一般过去时didwas/were+过去分词3一般将来时will/begoingto+动词原形will/begoingto+be+过去分词4过去将来时would+动词原形wou