Unit1FestivalsandCelebration重要题型专练-高一英语学与练（人教）

Unit1FestivalsandCelebration重要题型专练一、阅读选择LaborDayinAmericabeganmorethan100yearsagotohonorlowpaidfactoryworkers.LaborDayalsoinformallymarkstheendofsummer.ManystudentsreturntoschoolafterLaborDay.Thehotdaysofsummerturncooler.ManyAmericanscelebratetheholidaywithanoutdoorfamilypicnic.ButLaborDaystartedwithastruggle.OnMay1,1889,workersdemonstratedonthestreetsofParis,France.InternationalLaborDaywasborn.Mostindustrializedcountriesintheworld—excepttheUnitedStatesandCanada—celebrateLaborDayonthefirstofMay.OnSeptember5,1882,inNewYorkCity.About10,000workerswalkedthroughthestreetstoshowthestrengthoforganizedlabor.Formanyyearsafterthat,AmericanworkersusedthefirstMondayinSeptembertoaskforbetterworkingconditionsandpay.Musicwasapartofmanyofthosemarches.Laborsongstraditionallytellstoriesofconflict(冲突)andhopesforabetterlife.ManytraditionalAmericanlaborsongscamefromworkersinthecoalminesoftheSouth.Mineownerswerebitterlyagainstworkers’unions(工会).InKentucky,panypolicesearchedforunionleaders.Theywaitedoutsideaworker’shomeforseveraldaystostophimfromorganizing.Thecoalminer’swife,FlorenceReece,stayedinsidewithherchildren.Shewrotethissong,“WhichSideAreYouOn?”AnotherAmericanlaborsongiscalled“BreadandRoses.”ItisbasedonapoembyJamesOppenheim,publishedinDecemberof1911.Thepoemspeaksaboutthewomen’slabormovement.Atthattime,conditionsinfactories,wheremanywomenworked,werehorrible.AfireataclothingfactoryinNewYorkkilled146people.AmonthafterOppenheim’spoemwaspublished,textileworkersinLawrence,Massachusettswentonstrike,whichwonthemhigherpayandbetterworkingconditions.Oppenheim’spoemgainedmoreattention.1．WhatdoesLaborDaymeantostudentsintheUnitedStates?A．It’satimetoeatinthewild. B．Theirsummervacationisover.C．Itteachesthemtorespectlabor. D．Theylearnmuchabouthistory.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demonstrated”meaninparagraph3?A．Fought. B．United. C．Marched. D．Quarreled.3．Whydidthepanypolicewaitoutsideaworker’shome?A．Toforcehimtostayathome. B．Topreventhiswifewritingthesong.C．Totrytomunicatewithhim. D．Tostopmarchesbeingorganized.4．WhatdoweknowaboutOppenheim?A．Hecaredforworkingwomen’srights. B．Hecreatedthesong“BreadandRoses”.C．Hereportedthefireataclothingfactory. D．HeledthelabormovementinLawrence.【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了劳动节在美国的历史。这个全国性的节日始于100多年前，是为了纪念低收入的工厂工人。1．细节理解题。根据第二段“LaborDayalsoinformallymarkstheendofsummer.ManystudentsreturntoschoolafterLaborDay.(劳动节也非正式地标志着夏天的结束。许多学生在劳动节后返校)”可知，许多学生在夏末时的劳动节后返回学校，即劳动节的到来意味着学生们的暑假要结束了。故选B。2．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“ButLaborDaystartedwithastruggle.OnMay1,1889,workersdemonstratedonthestreetsofParis,France.InternationalLaborDaywasborn.(但劳动节始于一场斗争。在1889年五月一日，工人们在法国巴黎的街道上demonstrated。国际劳动节就此诞生)”可知，这里介绍劳动节的诞生由来，工人们通过一种行为来斗争，来获取正当权益，联系下一段“OnSeptember5,1882,inNewYorkCity.About10,000workerswalkedthroughthestreetstoshowthestrengthoforganizedlabor.Formanyyearsafterthat,AmericanworkersusedthefirstMondayinSeptembertoaskforbetterworkingconditionsandpay.Musicwasapartofmanyofthosemarches.(在1882年九月五日的纽约城里。约10000名工人走过大街来展示工会的力量。在那之后的多年里，美国工人都在九月的第一个星期天要求更好的工作条件和薪资。音乐也是那些游行中的一部分)”的描述，显然工人们是通过上街游行的方式来表达诉求，划线词与marched是同义词。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“InKentucky,panypolicesearchedforunionleaders.Theywaitedoutsideaworker’shomeforseveraldaystostophimfromorganizing.(在肯塔基，雇佣警察会寻找工会领导。他们在工人的家门外等了好几天，以阻止他去组织游行)”可知，公司雇用的警察在工人的家门口等待，是为了阻止他组织游行，与D选项描述相符。故选D。4．推理判断题。根据第七、八段的内容“Thepoemspeaksaboutthewomen’slabormovement.Atthattime,conditionsinfactories,wheremanywomenworked,werehorrible.AfireataclothingfactoryinNewYorkkilled146people.(这首诗歌讲述了女性劳工的运动。在那时，有许多女性在其中工作的工厂情况都很糟糕。一家纽约的服装厂发生大火，146人丧生)”和“AmonthafterOppenheim’spoemwaspublished,textileworkersinLawrence,Massachusettswentonstrike,whichwonthemhigherpayandbetterworkingconditions.Oppenheim’spoemgainedmoreattention.(Oppenheim的诗歌出版一个月后，马萨诸塞州劳伦斯市的纺织工人举行罢工，这为他们赢得了更高的工资和更好的工作条件。Oppenheim的诗也获得了更多的关注)”可知，这首名为“面包和玫瑰”的美国劳工歌曲是根据Oppenheim1911年12月发表的一首诗改编的，主要讲的是妇女的劳工运动，许多女性劳工在其鼓舞下，勇敢地奋起抗争以争取正当权益，这反映出Oppenheim是关心劳动妇女权利的。故选A。Now,EarthDayiscelebratedeveryyearonApril22.Aman,calledSenatorGaylordNelsonTake,wasdeterminedtochangethewaywetreatedourplanet.Hedidn’tstophisworkuntilhehadmadeadifference.In1963,SenatorGaylordNelsonwasn’thappywiththeearth’scondition.Hewantedtocleanuptheplanetandsolvepollutionandenvironmentalproblems.Asasenator,GaylordNelsonwassomeonechosenbyUScitizenstohelpmakelaws,sohehadalotofpower.HewenttoJohnF.Kennedy,thePresidentatthetime,withhisconcerns.ThePresidentagreedthattheplanet’senvironmentwasaseriousissue,soPresidentKennedywentaroundthecountryonafive­daytourtopromote(宣传)theideaofcleaninguptheplanet.Peoplebeganmakingsmallchanges,butitwasn’tenough.Afewyearslater,SenatorNelsondecidedtoputonedayasideeveryyearforthecauseofsavingtheplanet.OnApril22,1970,thefirstEarthDaywascelebrated;20millionAmericandemonstrators(示威者)tookpartinEarthDayactivities.Sincethen,EarthDayhasbeeaninternationalholiday.Peopleallovertheworldaredoingsomethingtomaketheearthacleaner,betterplace.Todaymorethan500millionpeoplein164countriesparticipate(参与)inEarthDayfestivities!Then,whatcanyoudotomakeadifference?*Encourageyourfamilytorecycleonaregularbasis.Itisagoodwaytohelptheearth!*Switchtoenergy­efficientlightbulbsinyourhousetoreducetheeffectsofglobalwarming.*EveryglassbottleyourecyclesavesenoughenergytorunaTVforanhourandahalf,whilerecyclinganaluminum(铝)bottlecansaveenoughenergytorunyourTVforthreehours!*Turnoutthelightswhenyouleavearoom—unlesssomeone’sstillthere!*Usere­useablecontainersforyourschoollunchesandsnacks.5．Whatdoesasenatorusuallydoaccordingtothepassage?A．Cleaninguptheplanet. B．Solvingpopulationproblems.C．Helpingmakelaws. D．TalkingtothePresident.6．ThefirstEarthDaywascelebrated________.A．inAmerica B．inBritainC．in164countries D．acrosstheworld7．HowlongcanyouusetheenergytorunaTVifyourecycleanaluminumbottle?A．Forahalfhour. B．Foranhour.C．Foranhourandahalf. D．Forthreehours.8．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Itwasin1963thatSenatorNelsoncameupwiththeideaofchoosingadayasEarthDay.B．JohnF.KennedyagreedtoputApril22asideeveryyearasEarthDay.C．PresidentKennedyagreedwithNelson’sideaofcleaninguptheplanet.D．Morethan500millionpeopletookpartinthefirstEarthDayactivities.【答案】5．C6．A7．D8．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界地球日的由来，以及我们可以为保护地球所做的事情。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asasenator,GaylordNelsonwassomeonechosenbyUScitizenstohelpmakelaws,sohehadalotofpower.(作为一名参议员，盖洛德·纳尔逊是由美国公民选出来帮助制定法律的，所以他有很大的权力。)”可知，参议员通常会帮助制定法律。故选C项。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“OnApril22,1970,thefirstEarthDaywascelebrated;20millionAmericandemonstrators(示威者)tookpartinEarthDayactivities.(1970年4月22日，人们庆祝了第一个地球日；2000万美国示威者参加了地球日活动。)”可知，第一个地球日是在美国庆祝的。故选A项。7．细节理解题。根据最后一部分建议中的第三点“EveryglassbottleyourecyclesavesenoughenergytorunaTVforanhourandahalf,whilerecyclinganaluminum(铝)bottlecansaveenoughenergytorunyourTVforthreehours!(你回收的每一个玻璃瓶节省的能量足以让电视运行一个半小时，而回收一个铝制瓶可以节省足够的能量让电视运行三个小时！)”可知，回收一个铝制瓶节省的能量可以让电视运行三小时。故选D项。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“HewenttoJohnF.Kennedy,thePresidentatthetime,withhisconcerns.ThePresidentagreedthattheplanet’senvironmentwasaseriousissue,soPresidentKennedywentaroundthecountryonafive­daytourtopromote(宣传)theideaofcleaninguptheplanet.(他向当时的总统约翰·肯尼迪表达了自己的担忧。总统同意地球的环境是一个严重的问题，所以肯尼迪总统在全国进行了为期五天的访问，以促进清洁地球的想法。)”可知，肯尼迪总统赞同纳尔逊清洁地球的想法，进行了全国访问以推进该想法，C项符合文意。故选C项。CincodeMayoisprobablytheholidaymostoftencelebratedthatnooneunderstands.Literally(根据字面意思)“FifthofMay”,CineodeMayoisaMexicanholidaycelebratingtheBattleofPuebla,whichtookplaceonMay5,1862.In1861,FrancesentabigarmytoinvadeMexico,astheywantedtocollectsomewardebts.TheFrencharmywasmuchlarger,bettertrainedandequippedthantheMexicansstrugglingtodefend(保卫)theroadtoMexicoCity.TheFrencharmyreachedPuebla,wheretheMexicanswonahugevictory.Thevictorywasshort­lived,astheFrencharmyregroupedandcontinued,andeventuallytookMexicoCity,butthejoyofanunlikelyvictoryagainstFranceisrememberedeveryMayfifth.MexicocelebratesitsindependenceonSeptember16,becauseitwasonthatdayin1810thatMiguelHidalgoinvitedhispeopletotakeuparmsandjoinhiminfightingagainstSpanishrulers.IndependenceDayisamuchmoreimportantholidayinMexico.Forsomereason,CincodeMayoiscelebratedmoreintheUnitedStatesofAmerica,byMexicansandAmericansalike,thanitisinMexico.OnetheoryforwhyitismorepopularintheUSAisthatatonetime,itwascelebratedinallofMexicoandbyMexicanslivinginformerMexicanareassuchasTexasandCalifornia.ItwasignoredinMexicoafterawhilebutstillcelebratedinthenorthoftheborder,whichnevergotoutofthehabitofrememberingthefamousbattle.InPueblaandinmanyAmericancitieswithlargeMexicanpopulations,thereareparades,dancingandfestivals.TraditionalMexicanfoodisoftenservedorsold.Mariachi(街头音乐)bandsfilltownsquares,andalotofbeersareserved.It’safunholiday,reallymoreaboutcelebratingtheMexicanwayoflifethanaboutrememberingthebattlewhichhappened157yearsago.IntheUSA,schoolchildrendecoratetheirclassroomsandtrytheirhandatcookingsomebasicMexicanfood.Allovertheworld,Mexicanrestaurantsbringinmariachibandsandofferspecialsforwhat’salmostcertaintobeapackedhouse.9．WhydomoreAmericanscelebrateCincodeMayo?A．SomeAmericanareasoncebelongedtoMexico.B．AmericansareinfluencedbyMexicanculture.C．Mexicansdon’tformthehabitofhavingaholiday.D．ManyMexicansvalueIndependenceDay.10．HowcanschoolchildrencelebrateCincodeMayo?A．Byperformingmusicatrestaurants.B．BytryingmakingsomeMexicanfood.C．Byturningtheclassroomintoabattlefield.D．Byofferingspecialgiftstotheirteachers.11．BycelebratingCincodeMayo,peoplemainlyshow________.A．wherethehistoryishonoredmostB．whatspecialcustomstheyhaveC．howMexicansgainedindependenceD．whoshouldberememberedforever12．Accordingtothepassage,peoplecelebrateCincodeMayobecauseMexicans________.A．paidofftheirwardebtsB．succeededindefendingMexicoCityC．gainedindependencefromSpanishD．defeatedtheFrencharmyinPuebla【答案】9．A10．B11．B12．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了常常被庆祝的CineodeMayo（五月五日节）的历史由来，受到更多欢迎的原因，以及人们庆祝这个节日的方式。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“OnetheoryforwhyitismorepopularintheUSAisthatatonetime,itwascelebratedinallofMexicoandbyMexicanslivinginformerMexicanareassuchasTexasandCalifornia.(为什么它在美国更受欢迎的一个理论是，有一段时间，整个墨西哥以及生活在德克萨斯州和加利福尼亚州等前墨西哥地区的墨西哥人都会庆祝这个节日。)”可知，更多的美国人庆祝CineodeMayo是因为美国的德克萨斯州和加利福尼亚州等地区之前属于墨西哥，那里的墨西哥人会庆祝这个节日，即因为一些美国地区曾经属于墨西哥。故选A项。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“IntheUSA,schoolchildrendecoratetheirclassroomsandtrytheirhandatcookingsomebasicMexicanfood.(在美国，学生们装饰他们的教室，并尝试自己做一些基本的墨西哥食物。)”可知，学生们可以通过尝试做一些墨西哥食物来庆祝这个节日。故选B项。11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’safunholiday,reallymoreaboutcelebratingtheMexicanwayoflifethanaboutrememberingthebattlewhichhappened157yearsago.(这是一个有趣的节日，更多的是庆祝墨西哥人的生活方式，而不是纪念157年前发生的那场战争。)”可知，人们在这个节日更多的是庆祝墨西哥人的生活方式，也就是展示他们特殊的风俗习惯。故选B项。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Literally(根据字面意思)“FifthofMay”,CineodeMayoisaMexicanholidaycelebratingtheBattleofPuebla,whichtookplaceonMay5,1862.(字面意思是“五月五日”，CineodeMayo是墨西哥的节日，庆祝1862年5月5日发生的普埃布拉战役。)”和“TheFrencharmyreachedPuebla,wheretheMexicanswonahugevictory.Thevictorywasshort­lived,astheFrencharmyregroupedandcontinued,andeventuallytookMexicoCity,butthejoyofanunlikelyvictoryagainstFranceisrememberedeveryMayfifth.(法国军队到达了普埃布拉，墨西哥人在那里取得了巨大的胜利。这场胜利是短暂的，因为法国军队重新集结并继续前进，最终占领了墨西哥城，但每年的5月5日，人们都会记住这场对法国不太可能的胜利带来的喜悦。)”可知，人们庆祝这个节日是因为墨西哥人曾在历史上的这一天在普埃布拉击败了法国军队。故选D项。Everyyear,peopleallaroundtheworldetogethertocelebrateEarthDaywithlotsofdifferentactivities.EarthDayeventstypicallyhaveonethemeinmon:thedesiretoshowsupportforenvironmentalissuesandteachfuturegenerationsabouttheneedtoprotectourplanet.TheveryfirstEarthDaywascelebratedonApril22,1970.Theevent,whichsomeconsidertobethebirthoftheenvironmentalmovement,whenspringes,whileavoidingmostspringbreaksandfinalexams.Hehopedtocallforcollegeanduniversitystudentsforwhatheplannedasadayofenvironmentallearningandactivism.Participants(参与者)from2,000collegesanduniversities,primaryandsecondaryschools,andhundredsofmunitiesacrosstheUnitedStatesgottogetherintheirlocalmunitiestomarktheoccasionoftheveryfirstEarthDay.Almost20millionAmericansfilledthestreetsoftheirlocalmunitiesonthatfirstEarthDay.EarthDayisnowobservedin192countries,andcelebratedbybillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.EventscanbefoundeverywherefromtreeplantingactivitiesatyourlocalparktoonlineTwitterpartiesthatshareinformationaboutenvironmentalissues.In2011,28milliontreeswereplantedinAfghanistanbytheEarthDayNetwork.In2012,peoplerodebikesinBeijingtoraiseawarenessaboutclimatechangeandhelppeoplelearnwhattheycoulddotoprotecttheplanet.Howcanyougetinvolved?Thepossibilitiesareendless.Pickuptrashinyourneighborhood.Makeamitmenttoreduceyourfoodwasteorelectricityuse.Plantatree.Talktoyourfriendsandfamilyaboutenvironmentalissues.Thebestpart?MakeeverydayEarthDayandhelptomakethisplanetahealthyplaceforallofustoenjoy.13．FromwhomdidNelsonhopetogetsupportforhisplan?A．Teachers. B．Officials. C．Students. D．Researchers.14．WhichwordbestdescribesthefirstEarthDay?A．Worldwide. B．Successful.C．Unique. D．Messy.15．WhichaspectofEarthDayisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Itschallenge. B．Itsinspiration.C．Itshistory. D．Itsinfluence.16．WhatdoestheauthorexpectpeopletodoaboutEarthDayinthelastparagraph?A．Takespecificaction. B．Reflectonourbehavior.C．Contributegoodideas. D．Answersomequestions.【答案】13．C14．B15．D16．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球日的庆祝活动和目的。13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theevent,whichsomeconsidertobethebirthoftheenvironmentalmovement,whenspringes,whileavoidingmostspringbreaksandfinalexams.Hehopedtocallforcollegeanduniversitystudentsforwhatheplannedasadayofenvironmentallearningandactivism.(这一事件被一些人认为是环保运动的诞生，在春天到来的时候，避免了大多数春假和期末考试。他希望号召大学生参加他计划的环境学习和行动日。)”可知，他号召大学生参加他计划的环境学习和行动日。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Almost20millionAmericansfilledthestreetsoftheirlocalmunitiesonthatfirstEarthDay.(在第一个地球日，近2000万美国人挤满了当地社区的街道。)”可知，第一个地球日是成功的。故选B。15．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“In2011,28milliontreeswereplantedinAfghanistanbytheEarthDayNetwork.In2012,peoplerodebikesinBeijingtoraiseawarenessaboutclimatechangeandhelppeoplelearnwhattheycoulddotoprotecttheplanet.(2011年，地球日网络在阿富汗种植了2800万棵树。2012年，人们在北京骑自行车，以提高对气候变化的认识，并帮助人们了解他们可以做些什么来保护地球。)”可知，本段通过数字介绍了地球日产生的影响。故选D。16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Howcanyougetinvolved?(如何参加呢？)”以及本段中“Pickuptrashinyourneighborhood.Makeamitmenttoreduceyourfoodwasteorelectricityuse.Plantatree.Talktoyourfriendsandfamilyaboutenvironmentalissues.(捡起你家附近的垃圾。承诺减少食物浪费和电力消耗。种一棵树。和你的朋友和家人谈谈环境问题。)”可知，本段是对如何参加地球日的问题进行回答，指出从日常生活中的具体行动入手。故最后一段作者希望人们采取具体行动参与世界地球日。故选A。NewYearisatimetocelebrateforalmosteveryonearoundtheworld.InBritain,peoplegotopubstodancetheoldyearawayandtowelethenewoneatmidnight.Inrecentyears,streetpartieshavebeemorepopular.Hundredsoreventhousandsofpeoplegatherinsquares,mainstreetsorontheriverbankstolistentobandsplayingandtoseefireworksdisplay.Forpeoplewhostayathome,mostofthemwatchspecialandliveNewYearshowsonTVwiththehosts.Asthelastsecondsoftheoldyeararetickedawayfrom10to1,thebellsoftheNewYeararerung.InScotland,onNewYear’sEve,peoplevisittheirneighbors,drink,danceandgenerallyhaveagoodtime.Ifyou’reinvitedtoaScottishhome,youshouldbringsomeimportantthingswithyou:somecoal,shortbreadandwhisky.Thecoalshowswarmth,soyou’rewishingthatthepeopleyouvisitwillhaveenoughheatintheingyear.Theshortbreadrepresentsfood,soyou’rehopingthatthepeoplewillhaveenoughtoeatinthenewyear.SomeScotscallwhisky“thewateroflife”,sowhenyouhandoveryourbottletoyourhosts,itmeansyouwantthemtohaveenoughtodrinkoverthenext12months.There’sonemorekeytaskyoustillneedtoperformifyoucan.Thefirstpersontoknockonaneighbor’sdoorissupposedtobeatallandhandsomeman.Ifyouare,you’llbringgoodlucktothehousehold.Whatifthat’snotyou?Well,don’tringthebell.Waitawhileandtherightpersonwillturnupsoon!17．Whichdoesnotbelongtogatheringplaceswhenpeoplethrowstreetparties?A．Parks. B．Squares. C．Mainstreets. D．Riverbanks.18．WhatcanweinferabouttheNewYearinBritainaccordingtothefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Britishpeoplehatetheoldyear,sotheydanceitawayquickly.B．StreetconcertshavebeelesspopularonNewYear’sEve.C．BritishpeopleoftensetoffireworkstocelebratetheNewYear.D．PeopledonothingathomebutwaitforthebelloftheNewYear.19．WhydovisitorstakesomethingstoaScottishhomeonNewYear’sEve?A．Tooffersomefoodandwater. B．Tosendtheirloveywishes.C．Toshowrespectandrichness. D．Tohelpthosepoorfamilies.20．Whoistherightpersontoknockatthedoor?A．Amanwholistenstobandsplaying. B．Amanwhoistallandhandsome.C．Amanwhoperformsatstreetparties. D．Amanwhocarriesbreadandwhisky.【答案】17．A18．C19．B20．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国和苏格兰庆祝新年的一些方式和习俗。17．细节理解题。根据第二段“Inrecentyears,streetpartieshavebeemorepopular.Hundredsoreventhousandsofpeoplegatherinsquares,mainstreetsorontheriverbankstolistentobandsplayingandtoseefireworksdisplay.(近年来，街头派对变得越来越流行。数百甚至数千人聚集在广场、主要街道或河岸上，听乐队演奏，看烟花表演。)”可知，人们会在广场、主要街道或河岸聚集举行派对，不包括公园。故选A项。18．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hundredsoreventhousandsofpeoplegatherinsquares,mainstreetsorontheriverbankstolistentobandsplayingandtoseefireworksdisplay.(数百甚至数千人聚集在广场、主要街道或河岸上，听乐队演奏，看烟花表演。)”可知，英国人会在新年到来之际欣赏烟花表演。由此推知，英国人经常放烟花来庆祝新年。故选C项。19．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thecoalshowswarmth,soyou’rewishingthatthepeopleyouvisitwillhaveenoughheatintheingyear.Theshortbreadrepresentsfood,soyou’rehopingthatthepeoplewillhaveenoughtoeatinthenewyear.SomeScotscallwhisky“thewateroflife”,sowhenyouhandoveryourbottletoyourhosts,itmeansyouwantthemtohaveenoughtodrinkoverthenext12months.(煤炭表示温暖，所以你希望你拜访的人来年有足够的热量。黄油饼干代表食物，所以你希望人们在新的一年里有足够的食物。一些苏格兰人称威士忌为“生命之水”，所以当你把一瓶威士忌递给主人时，这意味着你希望他们在接下来的12个月里有足够的酒喝。)”可知，新年前夜拜访者去苏格兰家庭时带的东西都有美好的寓意。由此可知，带这些东西是为了送上美好的祝福。故选B项。20．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thefirstpersontoknockonaneighbor’sdoorissupposedtobeatallandhandsomeman.(第一个去敲邻居门的人应该是一个又高又帅的男人。)”可知，一个又高又帅的男人是敲门的合适人选。故选B项。ArborDaytracesitsoriginstoNebraskaCity,Nebraska,in1872.JuliusSterlingMorton,whoservedasSecretaryoftheNebraskaTerritory,recognizedtheimportanceoftrees,especiallyinaplacelikeNebraska,whichwasalmostfreeoftreesatthetime.OnJanuary4,1872,MortonproposedtheideaofatreeplantingholidaytotheStateBoardofAgriculture.Theboardagreed,andthefirstArborDaywascelebratedonApril10,1872.MorethanonemilliontreeswereplantedinNebraskaonthatday.ThesuccessofthefirstArborDayledtoitsyearlyobservanceinNebraska,andotherstatesintheU.S.soonfollowedsuit.In1885,ArborDaywasdeclaredalegalholidayinNebraska,andApril22,Morton’sbirthday,waschosenastheofficialdate.TheideaofArborDayspreadrapidlyacrossthecountry.Bythe1920s,eachstateintheUnitedStateshadestablisheditsownArborDay.Presently,theyhavedifferentcelebrationdatesdependingonthebesttreeplantingseasonforeachregion.ArborDayhasbeeaninternationalevent.Today,manycountriesaroundtheworldcelebratetheirownArborDayorasimilartreeplantingholiday.Whilethecelebrationsindifferentcountriesvaryincustoms,allshareamongoal:topromotetheimportanceoftreesandencouragetheirplantingandpreservation.Inpresentdays,ArborDaycontinuestobeapowerfulreminderofourresponsibilitytocarefortheplanetandappreciatetheinvaluablerolethattreesplayinourlives.ArborDayhelpstoensurethatfuturegenerationscanenjoyagreener,healthierworld.Whetheryou’readiehardtreeloverorjuststartingtoappreciatetheirbeautyandimportance,takeamomenttoplantatree,orsimplygiveyourlocalleafyfriendahug.Theydeserveit!21．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebirthofArborDay. B．ThedefinitionofArborDay.C．ThecelebrationofArborDay. D．ThesignificanceofArborDay.22．WhatcanbeknownaboutthecelebrationdateofArborDay?A．Itvariesbasedonlocalconditions.B．Itdidn’thaveanofficialdateuntil1920.C．Itwasfirstcelebratedonthecreator’sbirthday.D．ItwaschangedtoApril10byNebraskaStateBoard.23．WhatisthegoalofcelebratingArborDay?A．Tosharecustomsamongcountries. B．Tovaluetreesandplantmoretrees.C．Tofindoutexistedissuesontheplanet. D．Tohaveagoodknowledgeofplantdiversity.24．Whatdoesthewriterintendtodointhelastparagraph?A．Makeareminder. B．Callonanaction.C．Encourageadiscussion. D．Instructhowtomakechoices.【答案】21．A22．A23．B24．B【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国植树节的由来，美国各州的植树节的日子取决于该地区的最佳植树季节，如今，许多国家也有了植树节，大家的共同目标是：宣传树木的重要性，鼓励种植和保护树木。阐述植树节的意义之后，作者呼吁大家花点时间种棵树，或者给树一个拥抱。21．主旨大意题。根据第一段“ArborDaytracesitsoriginstoNebraskaCity,Nebraska,in1872.JuliusSterlingMorton,whoservedasSecretaryoftheNebraskaTerritory,recognizedtheimportanceoftrees,especiallyinaplacelikeNebraska,whichwasalmostfreeoftreesatthetime.OnJanuary4,1872,MortonproposedtheideaofatreeplantingholidaytotheStateBoardofAgriculture.Theboardagreed,andthefirstArborDaywascelebratedonApril10,1872.MorethanonemilliontreeswereplantedinNebraskaonthatday.(植树节起源于1872年内布拉斯加州的内布拉斯加市。朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿曾担任内布拉斯加领土部长，他认识到树木的重要性，尤其是在内布拉斯加这样一个当时几乎没有树木的地方。1872年1月4日，莫顿向国家农业委员会提出了植树节的想法。委员会同意了，第一个植树节于1872年4月10日庆祝。当天内布拉斯加州种植了100多万棵树)”可知，1872年，在朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿的提议下，在内布拉斯加州，植树节诞生了，因此第一段主要讲述美国植树节的诞生。故选A项。22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Bythe1920s,eachstateintheUnitedStateshadestablisheditsownArborDay.Presently,theyhavedifferentcelebrationdatesdependingonthebesttreeplantingseasonforeachregion.(到了20世纪20年代，美国的每个州都设立了自己的植树节。目前，他们有不同的庆祝日期，这取决于每个地区的最佳植树季节)”可知，每个州都根据自己的最佳植树季节，设定自己的植树节，即植树节的日期根据当地情况的不同而不同。故选A项。23．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whilethecelebrationsindifferentcountriesvaryincustoms,allshareamongoal:topromotetheimportanceoftreesandencouragetheirplantingandpreservation.(虽然不同国家的庆祝活动习俗各异，但都有一个共同的目标：宣传树木的重要性，鼓励种植和保护树木)”可知，庆祝植树节的目的是：珍惜树木，多种树。故选B项。24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whetheryou’readiehardtreeloverorjuststartingtoappreciatetheirbeautyandimportance,takeamomenttoplantatree,orsimplygiveyourlocalleafyfriendahug.Theydeserveit!(无论你是一个顽固的树木爱好者，还是刚刚开始欣赏它们的美丽和重要性，花点时间种一棵树，或者只是给你当地的绿叶朋友一个拥抱。它们值得！)”可知，作者呼吁大家行动起来，种上一棵树，或者拥抱一下这些树。故选B项。SantaClausissomeonewhowillremainintheheartsofchildrenforever.HeisthemakebelievepersonwhobringstoysandothergiftstochildrenatChristmas.Togrownups,heisaspecialsymbolofgoodwillandselflessgiving.SantaClausalsohasanothername—SaintNicholas.SaintNicholascamefromtheDutchwhosettledinNewYorklongago.TheDutchbelievedSaintNicholasgavegiftstochildren.TheyhonoredthiskindlySaintwithayearlyfestivalonDecembersixth.TheEnglishspeakingpeoplewholivednearbygreatlyenjoyedDutchfestivals.AndtheybroughttheSaintandthecustomofgivinggiftsintotheirowncelebrationatChristmastime.TheDutchspokethename“SaintNicholas”veryfast.Itsoundedlike“sinterklaas”.Andso,whentheEnglishsaidthisword,itsoundedlikeSantaClaus.ThepictureofSantaClauscamefromThomasNast.HewasanAmericanpainterborninBavaria.HepaintedpicturesforChristmaspoems.SomeoneaskedhimtopaintapictureofSantaClaus.NastrememberedwhenhewasalittleboyinsouthernGermany,everyChristmasafatoldmangavetoysandcakestothechildren.SowhenNastpaintedthepicture,hisSantaClauslookedlikethekindlyoldmanofhischildhood.Andthroughtheyears,Nast’spaintinghasremainedasthemostpopularpictureofSantaClaus.SantacanbeseenalmosteverywhereinlargeAmericancitiesduringtheChristmasseason.Somestandonstreetcornersaskingformoneytobuyfoodandgiftsfortheneedy.Othersarefoundinstoresandshoppingcenters.ItiseasytofindthembythelonglinesofchildrenwaitingtotellSantawhattheywantforChristmas.Ifonetookavoteamongchildrentolearnwhotheirfavoritepersonwas,thereisnoquestionwhowouldwin—SantaClaus.25．TheDutchhonoredSaintNicholasmainlyforhis.A．bravery B．kindnessC．honesty D．intelligence26．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A．ChristmaswasafestivalfirstcelebratedbytheDutchB．theEnglishwerethefirstpeopletosettleinNewYorkC．thestoryofSaintClauswasfirsttoldamongtheDutchD．theEnglishusedtoreceivegiftsfromtheDutchatChristmas27．WheredidThomasNastspendhischildhood?A．InNewYork. B．InGermany.C．InEngland. D．InBavaria.28．What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．ThetraditionofChristmas.B．ThepopularityofSantaClaus.C．Children’swishesforChristmas.D．BusinessactivitiesatChristmas.【答案】25．B26．C27．B28．B【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了圣诞老人的起源，以及圣诞老人很受人们欢迎。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheDutchbelievedSaintNicholasgavegiftstochildren.TheyhonoredthiskindlySaintwithayearlyfestivalonDecembersixth.(荷兰人相信圣尼古拉斯会给孩子们礼物。他们在12月6日举行了一年一度的节日来纪念这位善良的圣人。)”可知，荷兰人纪念SaintNicholas主要是因为他很善良，故选B。26．推理判断题。根据第二段“SaintNicholascamefromtheDutchwhosettledinNewYorklongago.TheDutch