高考英语一轮复习语言知识点扩展(22)清单

语言知识点扩展（21）可数名词前a、an、the的用法场景一乔说:Ihadasandwichandanappleforlunch.我午餐吃了一个三明治和一个苹果。乔说“asandwich”“anapple”，因为这是他第一次谈论它们。第一次提到某人或者某物时，使用a/an。场景二然后乔说：Thesandwichwasn'tverygood,buttheapplewasnice.三明治不太好吃，但苹果很好吃。他说“thesandwich”、“theapple因为大家知道他指的是他午餐吃的三明治和苹果。当表达前面提到过的人或者事物时，用the.对比下列a与the:Amanandawomanweresittingoppositeme.ThemanwasAmerican.butIthinkthewomanwasBritish.一男一女坐在我对面。那个男人是美国人，但我想那个女人是英国人。Whenwewereonholiday,westayedatahotel.Sometimesweateatthehotelandsometimeswewenttoarestaurant.当我们度假时，我们住在旅馆里。有时我们在旅馆吃饭，有时我们去餐馆。a/an泛指某类人或物the特指某个具体的人或物对比下列a/an与theTimsatdownonachair(也许是房间里众多椅子中的一把)蒂姆坐在椅子上。Timsatdownonthechairnearestthedoor.(一张特定的椅子)蒂姆在离门最近的椅子上坐了下来Doyouhaveacar?(不是特定的车)你有车吗?Iwashedthecaryesterday.(特指我的车)我昨天洗车了。注意:the的特指，指的是某一个人或物对比下列a/an与the:Westayedataverycheaphotel.(便宜的酒店有很多，所以这里仍然是一类酒店)我们住在一家很便宜的旅馆。Thehotelwherewestayedwasverycheap.(特指我们住的那家）我们住的旅馆很便宜。当描述的主体是大家都知道的人或物thelight这盏灯thedoor这扇门thefloor这块地板/这层楼Canyouturnoffthelight,please?你能把灯关了吗?Itookataxitothestation.我乘出租车去车站。在商店里I’dliketospeaktothemanager.我想和经理说话。*下列结构的the，并不是强调去的某个特定的地方，而强调的是去这个地方做特定的事情gotothebankgotothepostofficegotothedoctorgotothedentistIhavetogotothepostofficetoday.我今天得去趟邮局Clareisn'tverywell.She'sgonetothedoctor克莱尔身体不太好。她去看医生了。Ishouldgotoahospitaltotakethetest.我应该去医院做检查。对比下列the与a:Ihavetogotothebanktoday.我今天得去趟银行。lsthereabanknearhere?这附近有银行吗?Idon'tlikegoingtothedentist.我不喜欢去看牙医。Mysisterisadentist.我姐姐是一名牙医。*在表示时间或数量时，会使用a:onceaweekthreetimesadayIgotothecinemaaboutonceamonth.我大约一个月去看一次电影。Thesepotatoesare￡1.50akilo.这些土豆每公斤1.5英镑。Helenworkseighthoursaday,sixdaysaweek.海伦每天工作八小时，一周工作六天。练习题(1)用A、An、The、a、an与the填空1.ThismorningIbought_____newspaperand_magazine.______newspaperisinmybag,butIcan'trememberwhereIput______magazine.2.Isaw_______accidentthismorning.carcrashedinto______tree._____driverofcarwasn'thurt,but____carwasbadlydamaged.3.Therearetwocarsparkedoutsideblueoneand_____greyone.____blueonebelongstomyneighbours,butIdon'tknowwho____ownerof____greyoneis.4.Myfriendslivein_____oldhouseinsmallvillage.Thereisbeautiful_____gardenbehindhouse.Iwouldliketohave______gardenlikethat.练习题(2)从下列选项中分别为三个句子选出正确答案。1.Thishouseisverynice.Doesithave_garden?Benlivesinaverybighouse.gardenisbigtoo.Ilikelivinginthishouse,butit'sashamethat_gardenissosmall.(A、a、The、the)2.Canyouremend____goodrestaurant?Wehaddinnerinverynicerestaurant.Wehaddinnerinbestrestaurantintown.(a、the)3.Shehas_Frenchname,butinfactshe'sEnglish,notFrench.What's_nameofthatmanwemetyesterday?WestayedataverynicehotelIcan'tremember_____namenow.(a、the)4.____shopattheendofthestreetisexpensive.Don'tgothere.lsthere_____shopnearherewhereIcanbuysomeflowers?Where's_nearestshop?(A、a、The、the)5.It'snoteasytoget__jobatthemoment.DidPaulaget_jobsheappliedfor?Doyouenjoyyourwork?lsit_interestingjob?an、the)练习题(3)分别用a、an、the填空。1.Ifyouhave_question,pleaseaskme.2.Canyouclosedoor,please?3.Howoftendoyougoto_dentist?4.Isthere__airportnearwhereyoulive?5.Ourflightwasdelayed.Wehadtowaitat_airportforthreehours6.imadethewrongdecision.Itwasmistake.7.Areyou_ownerofthiscar?8.I'mjustgoingto_postoffice.Lwon'tbelong.9.Therewerenochairs,sowesaton____floor.10.Tomhasgot____newjobinHongKong11.Haveyoufinished______bookIlentyou?12.Howfarisitfromhereto_____station?13.Excuseme,canyoutellmehowtogetto_____airport?14.Ifyoudon'tfeelwell,youshouldgoto______doctor.15.Benis_______excellenttennisplayer.16.Doyoulivenear__citycentre?17.Thespeedlimitonthisroadis80kilometres____hour.18.Ihave____problem.Ineedyourhelp.19.I'llhelpyouifIcan.Tellmeabout______problem20.I'mgoingawayfor_____weekinSeptember.21.I'mgoingaway_weekafternext.22.Garyhasaparttimejob.Heworksthreemornings_____week.答案用A、An、The、a、an与the填空1.ThismorningIboughtanewspaperandamagazine.Thenewspaperisinmybag,butIcan'trememberwhereIputthemagazine.今天早上我买了一份报纸和一本杂志报纸在我包里，但我记不起我把杂志放在哪里了。2.Isawanaccidentthismorning.Acarcrashedintoatree.Thedriverofthecarwasn'thurt,butthecarwasbadlydamaged今天早上我看到了一起事故。一辆汽车撞上了一棵树。汽车司机没有受伤，但汽车严重受损。3.Therearetwocarsparkedoutsideablueoneandagreyone.Theblueonebelongstomyneighbours,butldon'tknowwhotheownerofthegreyoneis.外面停着两辆车，一辆蓝色的，一辆灰色的。蓝色的是我邻居的，但我不知道灰色的主人是谁。4.Myfriendsliveinanoldhouseinasmallvillage.Thereisabeautifulgardenbehindthehouse.Iwouldliketohaveagardenlikethat我的朋友们住在一个小村庄的一所老房子里。房子后面有一个漂亮的花园。我也想有一个那样的花园。答案从下列选项中分别为三个句子选出正确答案。1.Thishouseisverynice.Doesithaveagarden?Benlivesinaverybighouse.Thegardenisbigtoolikelivinginthishouse,butit'sashamethatthegardenissosmall.这房子很漂亮。它有花园吗?本住在一个非常大的房子里。花园也很大。我喜欢住在这所房子里，但遗憾的是花园太小了。Canyouremendrestaurant?Wehaddinnerinaverynicerestaurant.Wehaddinnerinthebestrestaurantintown.你能推荐一家好的餐厅吗?我们在一家非常好的餐厅吃了晚饭。我们在城里最好的餐馆吃了晚饭。3.ShehasaFrenchname,butinfactshe'sEnglish,notFrench.What'sthenameofthatmanwemetyesterday?WestayedataverynicehotelIcan'trememberthenamenow.她有一个法国名字，但事实上她是英国人，不是法国人。XIFE我们住在一家非常好的酒店一一我现在记不起名字了。4.Theshopattheendofthestreetisexpensive.Don'tgothere.lsthereashopnearherewhereicanbuysomeflowers?Where'sthenearestshop?这条街尽头的那家商店很贵。不要去那里这附近有商店可以买到花吗?最近的商店在哪里?5.It'snoteasytogetajobatthemoment.DidPaulagetthejobsheappliedfor?Doyouenjoyyourwork?lsitaninterestingjob?目前找工作不容易保拉得到她申请的工作了吗?你喜欢你的工作吗?这份工作有趣吗?答案分别用a、an、the填空1.Ifyouhaveaquestion,pleaseaskme.如果你有问题，请问我2.Canyouclosethedoor,please?你能把门关上吗?3.Howoftendoyougotothedentist?你多久去看一次牙医?4.lsthereanairportnearwhereyoulive?你住的地方附近有机场吗?5.Ourflightwasdelayed.Wehadtowaitattheairportforthreehours我们的航班误点了。我们不得不在机场等了三个小时。6.Imadethewrongdecision.Itwasamistake.我做了一个错误的决定。这是个错误7.Areyoutheownerofthiscar?你是这辆车的主人吗?8.I'mjustgoingtothepostoffice.lwon'tbelong我正要去邮局。我不会待太久的。thefloor.没有椅子，所以我们坐在地板上10.TomhasgotanewjobinHo