期末各单元重点知识梳理（知识清单）译林版英语六年级上册

20232024六年级上册期末复习Unit1longlongago过去时态用过去式：last~~agoin+过去时间段magicadj.magic+n.bemagicclever=smartadj.聪明的clever+n.beclever→foolishadj.愚蠢的/u:/foolish+n.befoolishthroughprep.穿过(空间上)walkthroughthebuildingacrossprep.横穿(表面)runacrossthestreetlaughv.笑laughat…嘲笑+n./pron(宾)wearv.穿(状态)sbwear(s)sthputonsth=putsthon（强调动作）dressupsb=dresssbup打扮代中结构dressthemupputitonturninto变成Aturn(s)intoBsentencen.[c]+smakesentenceswiththesewordseach每个each+单数名词（视为单数）every+单数名词（视为单数）quickadj.迅速的（动作敏捷）quick+n.bequickfastadj./adv.快（速度）→quicklyadj.迅速地Heputsonhisclothesquickly.thinkv.思考thinkof…想起…thinkabout…考虑Ithinkso.我也这么认为。another+单数可数名词anotherday另一天next+n./pron.下一个…turnn.机会[c]+sIt’sone’sturntodo…It’smyturntohavelunch.v.转向，变得turntosb转向某人/向…求助hardadv.努力地，费力地workhard努力工作，刻苦学习makesthforsb为某人做…showsbsth=showsthtosbtrysthon=tryonsth代中结构in+颜色/衣服穿着…(介短后置作定语修饰名词)thegirlinred穿红色衣服的女孩theboyinabluecoat穿蓝色外套的男孩because+句子解释原因fitsbwell合适某人否定：don’t/doesn’tfitsbwell【一般过去时】过去某一时刻发生过的动作或存在过的状态。常与标志性时间状语连用：last~~agoin+过去时间段yesterday~,oneday等动词过去式变化：be动词am/is→was实义动词1.一般情况下，+ed2.以不发音的e结尾，+d3.以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i+ed4.重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母+ed不规则动词(Part01)do→didgo→wentmake→madeget→gotwear→woreeat→atetell→toldsay→saidhave→hadgive→gavee→camesee→sawbee→becamelose→lostbring→broughtknow→knewbuy→boughthold→helddrink→drankfly→flewmake→madecan→couldmeet→metcatch→caughtgo→wentstand→stoodtake→tookfind→foundwrite→wrotedrive→drovecut→cutput→putread→readhold→heldspell→speltsmell→smeltUnit2sunny→sunwindy→windcloudy→cloudrainy→rainfoggy→fogsnowy→snow左边一列是形容词可构成“形名系表”结构【以rainy为例】It’srainytoday.arainyday而rain作为动词，直接做谓语：Itrainsoutside.外面下雨了。Itisrainingoutside.外面正在下雨。Itrainedlastnight.昨夜下雨了。show[过去式]showedshowsbsth=showsthtosbshowsbaroundsp带领某人参观某地showoff炫耀interestingadj.有趣的(令人觉得)interestedadj.有趣的(自己感到)aninterestingboy一个有趣的男孩be/feelinterestedin+n./pron./v.ing对…有兴趣He’sinterestedinthesebooks.He’sinterestedinthem.He’sinterestedinreading.weathern.天气[u]Whatbadweather!多么糟糕的天气啊！bee[过去式]becamebee+adj./n.短语highadj.高的adv.高地[海拔高]flykiteshighhighlyadv.高度地[程度深]speakhighlyofsb对某人高度评价honey[u]drink[u]/[c]+ssoftdrinksbee[c]+sant[c]+sanantmeetv.遇见，满足[过去式]metmeetsb遇见某人/满足某人Imetmyteacherinthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上遇见了我的老师。lose[过去式]lostlosesth/sb丢失…，失去…loseone’sway迷路know[过去式]knewknowsth/sb知道…（直接得知）knowaboutsb/sth了解…（体验或传授所知）Whathappened?sthhappentosb某人发生某事sbhappentodosth某人碰巧做某事climbup+sthb不发音holdonto+sthholdon等等，坚持住；别挂flyawayflyv.飞[过去式]flewUnit3holiday[c]+sgofortheholiday去度假onone’sholiday在度假，假期中festival[c]+sonNationalDaynationalityn.国籍[c]去y+iescallcallsb给…打=givesbacall【n.】callonsb拜访某人callatsp参观某地callfor需求，呼吁，提倡gototheBundtheShanghaiMuseumtheGreatWallthePalaceMuseumtheSummerPalaceTian’anmenSquarePeiHaiPark由普通名词构成的专有名词前加the一些汉音构成的公园名/街名/广场名不需要fashionshow[c]+sfashionn.时尚beinfashion正流行beoutoffashion不流行，过时的shown.秀，展览v.展示showsbsth=showsthtosbshowsbaroundspshowoff炫耀bottle[c]+sabottleof…一瓶…gowell[三单]goeswellgowellwithsb/sth和…相处愉快/协调Igowellwithmyclassmates.Thiscolorgoeswellwithpink.atfirst=atthebeginningnextthenintheendatlastheavyrain→rainheavilyheavysnow→snowheavilyheavytrafficebacktosp.地点如果是副词，则省略介词toasksbaboutsth询问某人关于…asksbsth询问某人某物asksbforsth向某人索要某物asksb(not)todo要求某人(不)做givesbsth=givesthtosb跟在动词或介词后面的代词必用宾格beexcitedabout+n./pron./v.ingbeexcitedto+v.He’sexcitedaboutthisgame.对于这场比赛他很兴奋。They’reexcitedtomeetus.他们见到我们很兴奋。

Unit4thenandnowthen过去[一过]；然后now现在[现进]~ago[一过]yesterday~[一过]yesterdayevening/thedaybeforeyesterdaytelephonen.[c]+sv.mobilephonen.[c]+sphonev.office[c]+sofficern.官员radio[c]+slistentotheradionewspaper[c]+snews[u]paper[u]纸/[c]试卷ebook[c]+se网络的，电子的efriendedogemailTV[c]+s=televisionanywhereadv.v.+anywherewalkanywhere四处走走anywhereintheworld世界上任何地方makefriendsmakefriendswih和…交朋友(with后代宾)allovertheworld全世界=aroundtheworlddoshopping[有目标]goshopping[随意逛]lookoutof看…的外面lookoutfrom从…向外看lookout小心=becarefullookoutforsth/sb小心…lookfor寻找lookafter照顾=takecareofWhatdayistoday?问周几，问星期It’s+星期几.Whatdaywasyesterday?Itwas+星期几.goon继续goonwithsth继续某事(n./pron.)goondoing继续做(同一件事)goontodo继续做(另一件事)spell<spelt>spellsth拼读/写…makeasentencemakeasentencewith用…造句with和…一起v.+withHelikesplayingwithus.带有，戴着常构成介词短语放在n./pron.后作定语修饰There’sahousewithabluedoor.Thegirlwithglassesismycousin.Unit5sign[c]+sv.签名；打手势shoppingcentre购物中心goshoppingdoshoppingat/inthecentreof…在…的中心carefuladj.小心的，细心的careful+n.becareful(withsb/sth)→carefullyadv.仔细地v.+carefullycarelessadj.粗心的carelesslyadj.粗心地【形容词后缀】ful充满helpfulless缺乏hopelessWhatdoesitmean?=What’sthemeaningofit?meanv.意思是meaningn.含义[过去式]meant/ment/Itmeans+完整句子.litterv.乱扔垃圾[现在分词]littering[过去式]litteredDon’tlittereverywhere.不要乱扔垃圾。goin进入，走进→gooutof走出take[过去式]tooktakesthwithsb随身携带…takesth/sbtosp把…带去…【sp若为副词，则省略介词to】inarestaurant在饭馆/在餐馆gototherestaurant在餐馆ChineseRestaurant中式餐厅AmericanRestaurant美式餐厅smokev.吸烟n.烟[u][现在分词]smokingsomeone不定代词some视为单数There’ssomeoneatthewindow.窗边有人。【联想】somethingsomebodyeverythingeverybodyeveryonenothingnobodynoonesmellv.闻到[过去式]smeltsmellsth闻到…smell+adj.闻起来No+v.ing!禁止…!不要…!beindanger处于危险中beoutofdanger脱离危险→dangerousadj.危险的goonanouting去郊游beonanouting在郊游walkon继续走路driveon继续开车on在这里有“继续，持续”的意思v.+aroundlookaround四处看，东张西望walkaround四处转悠aroundtheworld全世界=allovertheworldfindsth+地点状语在某地发现…findsth/sb+n.(短语)/adj.发现某物/某人…[过去式]foundIknowwhyweshouldn’teatbananas!why引导的宾语从句作动词know的宾语(动宾)不规则动词(Part02)throw→threwfall→fellwake→wokeUnit6keepkeepsb/sth+adj.保持…的状态Weshouldkeepourcityclean.keepdoingsth持续做某事Shekeepsdoingherhomework.clean+n.beclean→dirtyadj.肮脏的makemakesb/sth+adj.使某人/物…状态Thatmakesmehappy.Smokefromcarsmakesourcitydirty.(fromcars是介短后置修饰名词，主语仍为smoke，为不可数。故谓语动词仍用makes三单形式。)makesbsth=makesthforsbmakesbdo让某人做…Teachersmakeushelpourparents.photo[c]+stakephotosof…air[u]n./v.给…通风airtheroomgotospbyair/plane=takeaplanetospsmoke[u]/v.抽烟toomuchsmokeThesmokefromcarsisdirty.rubbish[u]bin[c]+srubbishbinmuseum[c]+sgotothemuseumcinema[c]+sgotothecinemaskin[c]+sbananaskinmessy+n.bemessy→messn.脏乱Whatamess!dead+n.adeaddog废物bedeadThedogisdead.→diev.死亡dying濒死的move…awayfrom…movev.移动plantsthplantmoretrees→n.植物[c]+smore比较级【原形many/much】morewatermoreflowersmuchmore多得多moreandmore越来越多→【最高级】most最多的【对应词】least最少的throw[过去式]threwthrowsth…扔/抛…throwaway…丢弃/抛弃…pick…up【代中结构】pickupthebook√pickthebookup√pickthemup√pickupthem×延伸为“中途搭载，开始学习”的含义slip[过去式]slippedslipover滑倒Sliponthebananaskins.fall[过去式]fell【区分feel–felt】fallover摔跤falldown跌倒fallinto掉入Unit7protectsb/sth保护某人/物Mothersalwaysprotecttheirbabies.母亲总是护犊子。protectsb/sthfromsth保护某人不受…Iwanttoprotectthemfromharm.我想要保护他们免受伤害。onEarth在地球上There’snotmuchcleanwateronEarth.地球上没有太多净水了。TheEarthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。savesb/sth救助某人/节约某物savemoney省钱savetime省时savesbfromsth把…从…解救出来Hesavedmefromfire.他把我从火里救了出来。useful+n.beusefulausefulbook/j/不是元音音素→uselessadj.无用的【形容词后缀ful(充满)和less(缺少)】useAtodoB=doBwithA 用A去做BPeopleusedletterstocontactothersinoldtimes.=Peoplecontactedotherswithlettersinoldtimes.旧时代人们通过信件联系他人。reusesth(todosth)【re前缀：再次，又一次】retell复数replay重映，重放review复习wastev./n.wastesthwasteyourtime/moneyawasteofsthIt’sawasteoftimeforme.much+[u]n.many+[c]pltoomuch+[u]n.太多…【贬义】somuch+[u]n.如此多…【褒义】muchtoo+adj./adv.太…energy[u]coal[u]oil[u]There’slittleenergyonEarth.地球上能源所剩无几。Thereisn’tmuchcoaloroilonEarth.地球上没有太多煤炭和石油了。efrom来自…=befrom【+国名/地名】SheesfromChina.=She’sfromChina.drivetosp开车去某地drivesbtosp开车送某人去某地IdrovetoShanghailastweek.=IwenttoShanghaibycar.IdrovemysistertoShanghai.wood[u]木材，木料/ʊ/[c]+s小树林【木头脚，站站好，oo见老k，两点都不见，羊毛忘不了。】cutdownthetreestoomany+[c]pl太多…somany+[c]pl如此多…plastic[u]n.plasticbagsThere’stoomuchplasticinthewater.这片水域中有太多塑料。Therearetoomanyplasticbagsinthewater.这片水域中有太多塑料袋子。paper[u]