云南省三校联考备考2023-2024学年高三上学期实用性联考（五）英语试卷（解析版）

2024届云南三校高芳备考实用性联考卷（五）英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Flowers.B.Birthdaypresents.C.Clothes.2.HowmanycansofCokehasRowandrunk?A.Three.B.Nine.C.Twelve.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atabusstation.C.Inaschool.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Bossandemployee.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.5.WhohelpedthewomanpracticespeakingFrench?A.Theman.B.Hersister.C.Herneighbor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Tuesday.B.Friday.C.Sunday.7.Howdoestheboysound?A.Calm.B.Hopeful.C.Anxious.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Visitingafriend.B.Lookingforanapartment.C.Takingthesubway.9.Howlargeisthebalcony?A.15m2.B.10m2.C.5m2.10.Howdoesthemanprobablygotowork?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11.HowoldisJennienow?A.10yearsold.B.15yearsold.C.25yearsold.12.WhatledtothechangetoLondonaccordingtotheman?A.Therearefewercarsthanbefore.B.Morepeopleleavefromheavyindustries.C.People’sawarenesshasbeenraised.13.Whatdothespeakersmainlydiscuss?A.WhytheenvironmentinLondonbecomesbetter.B.Howwebringinnewregulations.C.Whetherwecanusecoalornot.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostessandguest.B.Coachandathlete.C.Hostessandaudience.15.Whichcityistheman’steambasedin?A.WashingtonD.C.B.Montreal.C.Beijing.16.Whatisthechiefpartoftheman’straining?A.Exercisingontheice.B.Workingoutinthegym.C.Doingweight-lifting.17.Atwhatagedidthemanstartspeedskating?A.Sevenyearsold.B.Sixyearsold.C.Fouryearsold.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.WhichcountrycontrolledtheSuezCanalin1869?A.Britain.B.India.C.France.19.Howlongdidittaketoconstructthecanal?A.10years.B.12years.C.15years.20.HowwideprobablywasthenarrowestpartoftheSuezCanalin2014?A.300meters.B.193meters.C.66meters.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AE-booksThatYouMayLikeTheScienceofDiet&ExerciseThisisthemostpopulare-bookwhichcentersaroundhowtokeepone’sfigureusingtraditionalweightlossmethods.Theneweditionincludestwocoverstories:WhyYourBrainNeedsExercise,whichlooksatthebenefitsofexerciseinanevolutionarycontext,andObesityontheBrain,whichexaminestheeffectsofunhealthyfoodsonthebrain.On-SaleDate:January1,2023Price:$7.66MysteriesoftheMindFormorethanacentury,scientistshaveinvestigatedtheworkingsofnature’smostcomplexorgan—thebrain.Findingsaremovingusclosertounderstandingprocessessuchashowwemakedecisions.Inthise-book,weexaminethelatestresearchonhowwecanimprovementalhealth.On-SaleDate:May3,2022Price:$8.99TheMysteryofSleepThereasonweneedsleephaslongpuzzledscientists,butit’sclearthatwedoneedit.Infact,themorewelearnaboutwhathappenswhilewesleep,themorewediscovernewbenefitsformultipleprocessesincludinghormonebalance,emotionalhealth,learningandmemory.Studiesshowthatevenonenightofdisturbedrestcanleadtomeasurableharm,andforthismini-collection,we’vegatheredthemostrecentresearchonsleep.On-SaleDate:January1,2023Price:$4.66TheScienceBehindtheDebatesPeoplesaythattheytrustscientists,yetevidenceoftentakesabackseattoemotions.Infact,forissuesthatcausethemostpublicanger—likevaccinesafety—thereisalmostnodebateinthescientificcommunity.Inthise-book,weexaminethesciencebehindtoday’smostarguabledebatesincludingGMOs(转基因生物)andevolution,aswellasstrategiesforunderstandingandcopingwithdenialism(否定主义).On-SaleDate:March4,2022Price:$7.991.WhatdoesTheScienceofDiet&Exercisefocuson?A.Thetraditionalwaysofstayingslim. B.Theharmofeatingjunkfood.C.Theadvantagesofdoingexercise. D.Theimportanceofbrainhealth.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheMysteryofSleep?A.Itwasonsalein2022. B.Itisthecheapestofall.C.Itcoversresearchonevolution. D.Itcanimprovepeople’smentalhealth.3.Inwhiche-bookcouldreaderslearnaboutevolution?A.ObesityontheBrain. B.MysteriesoftheMind.C.TheMysteryofSleep. D.TheScienceBehindtheDebates.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本电子书的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thisisthemostpopulare-bookwhichcentersaroundhowtokeepone’sfigureusingtraditionalweightlossmethods.(这是一本最受欢迎的电子书，主要讲述如何用传统的减肥方法保持身材)”可知，《饮食与运动科学》关注的是保持苗条的传统方法。故选A。2题详解】细节理解题。根据比较可知，TheScienceofDiet&Exercise售价是7.66美元；MysteriesoftheMind售价是8.99美元；TheMysteryofSleep售价是4.66美元；TheScienceBehindtheDebates售价是7.99美元。故《睡眠之谜》的特别之处在于是最便宜的。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Inthise-book,weexaminethesciencebehindtoday’smostarguabledebatesincludingGMOs(转基因生物)andevolution,aswellasstrategiesforunderstandingandcopingwithdenialism(否定主义).(在这本电子书中，我们研究了当今最具争议性的辩论背后的科学，包括转基因生物和进化，以及理解和应对否认主义的策略)”可知，读者可以从TheScienceBehindtheDebates了解到进化。故选D。BWhenIwasagirlofeight,livinginatown,IusedtoworkforMrs.White,anelderlylady.Shepaidmeverylittleformywork,becauseshedidn’thavemuchmoney.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmaspresent.ThegirlsIplayedwithhadbaseballgloves,bicyclesandiceskates,andIwassoeagertoacquireanyoneofthese.OnChristmasmorning,Mrs.Whitegavemealittlepackagewhichcouldhardlyholdanything.Iwaspainfullydisappointedbutshetoldmeitwasakindofmagic.Mydisappointmentturnedintocuriosity.WithgreatexcitementIopenedthepackage,onlytofindapileoftensheetsofblackpaperinside,eachlabeledincolorfulletters,CarbonPaperRegalPremium.Ididn’tknowwhatitwas.“Isitmagic?”Iasked.MyAuntKaren,whowasaschoolteacher,answered,“Itreallyis!”Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplacedbetweenthemoneoftheblacksheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheuppersheet.RemovingitandtheCarbonPaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhadinnowaytouched.Therewasmyname!Iwasenthralled.Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaperwasusedup.ItwasagameIdidn’twanttoend.Iwasveryhappywithmyspecialgift.Icanhonestlysaythat,inthatonemoment,Iunderstoodasmuchaboutprinting,copyingwordsandthemysteryofspreadingideasasIhavelearnedintheremaininghalf-centuryofmylife.Ihopethatthisyearsomeboysandgirlswillreceive,fromthoughtfuladultswhoreallylovethem,giftsthatwillshockthem.Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences—usuallycostinglittleornothing—thattransformalifeandlenditamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.4.WhydidMrs.WhitepromisetogivethegirlaChristmaspresent?A.Shewantedtomeetthechild’swish. B.Sherewardedthegirlforhergoodwork.C.Shegavegiftstoeverychildinthetown. D.Shewantedtomakeupforthelowsalary.5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium?A.Itisusedinschoolteaching. B.Itismadebyspecialmagicians.C.Itusuallyconsistsofcolorfulpaper. D.Itcancopysomethingwrittenonpaper.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Iwasenthralled.”inParagraph3mean?A.IwasaddictedtoCarbonPaperRegalPremium.B.IwascuriousaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.C.IwasconfusedaboutCarbonPaperRegalPremium.D.Iwasshockedtherewasanameonthesecondsheet.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldworkforotherstogetagift. B.Agiftwithlong-termeffectsisabetterchoice.C.Childrenneedtoreceiveagiftthattheywant. D.CarbonPaperRegalPremiumisaperfectgift.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者八岁时得到了怀特太太送的复写纸作为礼物，作者对这种东西非常着迷，并从中学到了印刷、复制文字和传播思想的奥秘。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Shepaidmeverylittleformywork,becauseshedidn’thavemuchmoney.Shedid,however,promisetogivemeaChristmaspresent.(她给我的工资很少，因为她没有多少钱。然而，她答应给我一份圣诞礼物)”可知，怀特太太答应给那个女孩一份圣诞礼物是因为她想弥补低工资。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Shetooktwopiecesofwhitepaperandplacedbetweenthemoneoftheblacksheetsfromthebox.Then,withahardpencil,shewrotemynameontheuppersheet.RemovingitandtheCarbonPaperRegalPremium,shehandedmethesecondsheet,whichherpencilhadinnowaytouched.Therewasmyname!(她拿起两张白纸，从盒子里拿出一张黑布放在它们中间。然后，她用一支硬铅笔把我的名字写在上面那张纸上。她取下那张纸和那张皇家高级复写纸，递给我第二张纸，她的铅笔根本没碰过那张纸。上面却有我的名字！)”可知，CarbonPaperRegalPremium可以复制写在纸上的东西。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Iwroteandwrote,usingupwholetabletsuntilthelastpieceofblackpaperwasusedup.ItwasagameIdidn’twanttoend.(我写啊写，把整张纸都用完了，直到最后一张黑纸都用完了)”可知，作者一直把CarbonPaperRegalPremium都写完了，说明作者对CarbonPaperRegalPremium着迷了。故划线句意思是“我对CarbonPaperRegalPremium着迷了”。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itissuchgiftsandsuchexperiences—usuallycostinglittleornothing—thattransformalifeandlenditamotivationthatmaycontinuefordecades.(正是这样的礼物和经历——通常花费很少或根本不花——改变了一个人的生活，并赋予它一种可能持续几十年的动力)”可推知，作者想要表达的信息是：有长期效果的礼物是更好的选择。故选B。CNightowlsmaybepronetoheartdiseaseanddiabetes(糖尿病)thanearlybirdsbecausetheirbodiesarelessabletoburnfatforenergy,U.S.researcherssay.Peoplewhoriseearlyrelymoreonfatasanenergysource.Theyareoftenmoreactiveinthedaythanthosewhostayuplater,meaningfatmaybuildupmoreeasilyinnightowls,thescientistsfound.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhynightowlsareatgreaterriskoftype2diabetesandcardiovasculardisease.Theymayalsohelpdoctorstoidentifypatientsearlyonwhoaremorelikelytodeveloptheconditions.Theresearchersdivided51fatmiddle-agedadultsintoearlybirdsandnightowls,dependingontheiranswerstoaquestionnaireonsleepingandactivityhabits.Theymonitoredthevolunteers’activitypatternforaweekandtestedtheirbodies’fuelpreferenceatrestandwhileperformingmoderateorhigh-intensityexerciseonatreadmill.InExperimentalPhysiology,theteamdescribedhowearlybirdsweremoresensitivetobloodlevelsofthehormoneinsulin(胰岛素)andburnedmorefatthannightowlswhileatrestandduringexercise.Thenightowlswerelesssensitivetoinsulinandtheirbodiesfavoredcarbohydratesoverfatasanenergysource.ProfStevenMalin,aseniorauthoronthestudyandanexpertinmetabolism,saiditwasunclearwhydifferencesinmetabolismwereseeninnightowlsandearlybirds.Butonepossibility,hebelieves,isamismatchbetweenthetimepeoplegotobedandwakethenextmorningandthecircadianrhythms(昼夜节奏)thatgoverntheirbodyclocks.Thefindingscouldaffectdiscussionsaroundthehealthrisksofnight-shiftworkandevenchangingtheclockstosuitdaylighthours.“Ifwepromoteatimingpatternthatisoutofsyncwithnature,itcouldworsenhealthrisks,”Malinsaid.“Whetherdietarypatternsoractivitycanhelpreducetheseisanareawehopebecomesclearintime.”8.Howdonightowlsdifferfromearlybirdsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theyaremoreabletoburnfat.B.Theyarelessactiveinthenight.C.Theyaremorelikelytohavesomeconditions.D.Theyarelesslikelytobuildupfatintheirbody.9.Howdidtheresearchersgroupthevolunteers?A.Byenquiringquestionsabouttheirlives. B.Byrecordingtheirexerciselevels.C.Bytestingtheirbodies’fuelpreference. D.Bymonitoringtheiractivitypattern.10.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Abriefintroductiontotheresearchmethod. B.Adetailedaccountoftheresearchfindings.C.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults. D.Reasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“outofsync”inParagraph6referto?A.Outoforder. B.Outofcontrol.C.Notinagreement. D.Notinconnection.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夜猫子可能更容易患心脏病和糖尿病的研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nightowlsmaybepronetoheartdiseaseanddiabetes(糖尿病)thanearlybirdsbecausetheirbodiesarelessabletoburnfatforenergy,U.S.researcherssay.(美国研究人员称，夜猫子比早起的鸟儿更容易患心脏病和糖尿病，因为他们的身体燃烧脂肪获取能量的能力较弱)”可知，“夜猫子”更有可能患有某些疾病。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theresearchersdivided51fatmiddle-agedadultsintoearlybirdsandnightowls,dependingontheiranswerstoaquestionnaireonsleepingandactivityhabits.(研究人员根据51名肥胖中年人对睡眠和活动习惯问卷的回答，将他们分为“早起鸟”和“夜猫子”两组)”可知，研究人员通过问卷询问志愿者的生活问题来对志愿者进行分组。故选A项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“InExperimentalPhysiology ,theteamdescribedhowearlybirdsweremoresensitivetobloodlevelsofthehormoneinsulin(胰岛素)andburnedmorefatthannightowlswhileatrestandduringexercise.Thenightowlswerelesssensitivetoinsulinandtheirbodiesfavoredcarbohydratesoverfatasanenergysource.(在《实验生理学》中，研究小组描述了“早起鸟”在休息和运动时对血液中胰岛素激素水平更敏感，燃烧的脂肪也比“夜猫子”多。“夜猫子”对胰岛素不太敏感，他们的身体更喜欢碳水化合物而不是脂肪作为能量来源)”可知，第四段详细介绍了研究结果，即研究发现“早起鸟”对血液中胰岛素激素水平更敏感，燃烧的脂肪也比“夜猫子”多，而“夜猫子”对胰岛素不太敏感，他们的身体更喜欢碳水化合物而不是脂肪作为能量来源。故选B项。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段“ProfStevenMalin,aseniorauthoronthestudyandanexpertinmetabolism,saiditwasunclearwhydifferencesinmetabolismwereseeninnightowlsandearlybirds.Butonepossibility,hebelieves,isamismatchbetweenthetimepeoplegotobedandwakethenextmorningandthecircadianrhythms(昼夜节奏)thatgoverntheirbodyclocks.(该研究的资深作者、新陈代谢专家史蒂文·马林教授说，目前还不清楚为什么“夜猫子”和“早起鸟”在新陈代谢方面存在差异。但他认为，一种可能是，人们睡觉和第二天早上醒来的时间与控制生物钟的昼夜节律不匹配)”可知，专家推测是人们睡觉和第二天早上醒来的时间与控制生物钟的昼夜节律不匹配导致了“夜猫子”和“早起鸟”在新陈代谢方面的差异，即我们与自然昼夜节律不致的时间模式导致差异。结合划线词所在句“Ifwepromoteatimingpatternthatisoutofsyncwithnature,itcouldworsenhealthrisks,(如果我们提倡一种与自然……的时间模式，可能会加剧健康风险)”中“withnature”可推知，这里说的也是时间模式与自然节律不一致，outofsync(with)与notinagreement(with)意思一致。故选C项。DInthesummerof2021,anunseasonaleventtookplace.Morethan100milesofFlorida’scoastaroundTampaBaybecameanoxygen-depleted(缺氧的)zonecontainingdeadfishalongthenearbyshoreline.Muchoftheconversationaroundourclimatecrisishighlightstheemissionofgreenhousegasesandtheireffectonwarming,sea-levelriseandoceanacidification(海洋酸化).Wehearlittleabouttheeffectofclimatechangeonoxygenlevels,particularlyinoceansandlakes.Butwaterwithoutadequateoxygencannotsupportlife.Forthethreebillionpeoplewhodependoncoastalfisheriesforincome,decliningoceanoxygenlevelsaredevastating.Asoceanandatmosphericscientistsfocusonclimate,webelievethatoceanicoxygenlevelsarethenextbigvictimofglobalwarming.Tostopthesituationfromworsening,weneedtoexpandourattentiontoincludethedangerousstateofoceanicoxygenlevels—thelife-supportsystemofourplanet.Weneedtoaccelerateocean-basedclimatesolutionsthatboostoxygen.Examplesincludenature-basedsolutionssuchasthosediscussedatthe2021UnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP26)heldinGlasgow.Enhancedmonitoringofoxygenandtheestablishmentofanoxygen-accountingsystemareamust.Puttingoxygenintotheclimatestorymotivatesustodotheworktounderstandthedeepsystemicchangeshappeninginourcomplexatmosphericandoceanicsystems.WecelebratedthereturnofhumpbackwhalesinrecentyearstoanincreasinglycleanNewYorkHarborandHudsonRiver.However,deadfishblockedtheHudsoninthesummeraswarmerwaterscarriedlessoxygen.Ecosystemchangesconnectedtophysicalandchemicalsystem-leveldatamaypointthewaytonewapproachestoclimatesolutions.Itincludesanenhancedunderstandingofthelife-supportsystemofourplanet.Roughly40percentoftheworld’speopledependontheoceanfortheirlivelihoods.Ifwedonotsavemarinelifefromoxygenstarvation,westarveourselves.12.Whatistheresultoflessoceanoxygenaccordingtothetext?A.Ariseinthecoastalfisheries. B.Thewarmingoftheatmosphere.C.Theemissionofgreenhousegases. D.Anincreaseindeathsofseaanimals.13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Attentiontooceansisnecessary. B.Globalwarmingeffectsareserious.C.Oceanicoxygenlevelsaredangerous. D.Waystoboostoceanicoxygenareurgent.14.WhydoestheauthormentionhumpbackwhalesinParagraph4?A.Tobringinanoxygen-accountingsysteminclimate.B.Toexplaintheurgencyofoxygenlevelsinatmosphere.C.Tocallformoreattentiontooxygenstarvationinwaters.D.Toshowtheachievementsinreducingairpollution.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SaveMarineLife. B.MakeOceansSafe.C.LetOceansBreathe. D.KeepMarineSystem.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋氧气含量的不足会导致大量海洋生物的死亡，并呼吁人们采取措施拯救海洋生物。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ Inthesummerof2021,anunseasonaleventtookplace.Morethan100milesofFlorida’scoastaroundTampaBaybecameanoxygen-depleted(缺氧的)zonecontainingdeadfishalongthenearbyshoreline.(2021年夏天，发生了一件非季节性事件。佛罗里达州坦帕湾周围100多英里的海岸线变成了一个缺氧区，附近的海岸线上有死鱼。)”可知，海洋氧气减少会导致海洋生物死亡数量的增加。故选D项。13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Asoceanandatmosphericscientistsfocusonclimate,webelievethatoceanicoxygenlevelsarethenextbigvictimofglobalwarming.Tostopthesituationfromworsening,weneedtoexpandourattentiontoincludethedangerousstateofoceanicoxygenlevels—thelife-supportsystemofourplanet.Weneedtoaccelerateocean-basedclimatesolutionsthatboostoxygen.(随着海洋和大气科学家关注气候，我们相信海洋氧气水平是全球变暖的下一个大受害者。为了阻止情况恶化，我们需要扩大我们的注意力，包括海洋氧气水平的危险状态——我们星球的生命维持系统。我们需要加快以海洋为基础的增加氧气的气候解决方案)”可知，研究提高海洋氧气含量的解决方案迫在眉睫。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“WecelebratedthereturnofhumpbackwhalesinrecentyearstoanincreasinglycleanNewYorkHarborandHudsonRiver.However,deadfishblockedtheHudsoninthesummeraswarmerwaterscarriedlessoxygen.(近年来，我们庆祝座头鲸回归日益清洁的纽约港和哈德逊河。然而，在夏季，由于温暖的海水携带的氧气较少，死鱼阻塞了哈德逊河)”可知，文中先介绍哈德逊河座头鲸的回归，再指出由于水中氧气含量的减少，大量的死鱼阻塞了哈德逊河。作者暗示虽然座头鲸回归，但也可能因为中氧气含量的不足而死亡，作者借此呼吁人们更多关注水中缺氧问题。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Butwaterwithoutadequateoxygencannotsupportlife.Forthethreebillionpeoplewhodependoncoastalfisheriesforincome,decliningoceanoxygenlevelsaredevastating.(但是没有足够氧气的水是无法维持生命的。对于依靠沿海渔业获取收入的30亿人来说，海洋含氧量的下降是毁灭性的)”、第三段中“Weneedtoaccelerateocean-basedclimatesolutionsthatboostoxygen.Examplesincludenature-basedsolutionssuchasthosediscussedatthe2021UnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP26)heldinGlasgow.(我们需要加快以海洋为基础的增加氧气的气候解决方案。例如，在格拉斯哥举行的2021年联合国气候变化大会(COP26)上讨论的基于自然的解决方案)”和最后一段中“Ifwedonotsavemarinelifefromoxygenstarvation,westarveourselves.(如果我们不把海洋生物从缺氧中拯救出来，我们就会饿死自己)”可推知，文章介绍了海洋氧气含量的不足会导致大量海洋生物的死亡，并呼吁人们采取措施，故“LetOceansBreathe(让海洋呼吸)”是文章最佳标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Astudyrevealsit’sbeneficialtowriteaboutapainfulexperienceordifficultsituationinawaythatpsychologistsrefertoas“expressivewriting”.Expressivewritingisaspecificstrategydifferentfromkeepingajournal.Theideaistoreflecthonestlyandthoughtfullyonaparticularsufferingorchallenge.Hundredsofstudieshavefoundthatitcanstrengthentheimmunesystem,includingforpeoplewithillnessessuchasdepression,cancer,andPTSD.____16____AnditmayevenhelpreducesymptomsofdepressionandPTSD,andpreventcoldsandflu.____17____Translatingthatdisturbanceintolanguageforcesyoutoorganizeyourthoughts.Additionally,creatingastoryoffersyouasenseofcontrol.Expressivewritingworksbecauseitallowsyoutomakemeaningoutofapainfulexperience.Talkingaboutaneventcanleadtoreflection,whereyouarelostinemotionsandmaybecomeoverexcited.Butwritingforcesyoutoslowdown.Writingcanreducetheneuralactivityinthebrain,leadingtoapositivemoodandanenhancedappreciationforlife.____18____Whatifyouthinkyou’renotexpertatwriting?____19____Dodigdeepintoyourthoughtsandfeelings.Thegoalofwritingistofindmeaninginanupsettingevent.Whenyouacknowledgethepain,youwillbeabletoseethecouragetofacefears.Butthereareafewwarnings.____20____Peoplecopingwithaseverepainordepressionmaynotfinditusefultodoalonewithouttherapy.Itshouldn’tbeusedasareplacementforothertreatments.Yetitcanbeapowerfulcopingtoolformany,becauseithelpspeoplefightthefeartofaceemotions.A.Itcanrelievepainandimprovemood.B.Don’tworryaboutspellingorgrammar.C.Expressivewritingisn’tamagicalcureforall.D.Expressivewritingisarecordingofwhathappens.E.Spendjustafewminutestakingdownyourfeelings.F.Realizingwhatisdisturbingyouisanimportantfirststep.G.Writingincreasesone’sacceptanceofexperiencesandacceptanceiscalming.【答案】16.A17.F18.G19.B20.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了用一种心理学家称之为“表达性写作”的方式来描述痛苦的经历或困难的情况是有益的，但是也有不足的地方，不能代替治疗手段。【16题详解】根据前文“Hundredsofstudieshavefoundthatitcanstrengthentheimmunesystem,includingforpeoplewithillnessessuchasdepression,cancer,andPTSD.(数百项研究发现，它可以增强免疫系统，包括患有抑郁症、癌症和创伤后应激障碍等疾病的人)”以及后文“AnditmayevenhelpreducesymptomsofdepressionandPTSD,andpreventcoldsandflu.(它甚至可以帮助减轻抑郁和创伤后应激障碍的症状，预防感冒和流感)”可知，此处在讲述表达性写作的好处，所以A项“Itcanrelievepainandimprovemood.(它可以缓解疼痛，改善情绪)”符合文意，讲述了表达性写作的好处，与上下文承接自然。故选A项。【17题详解】位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Translatingthatdisturbanceintolanguageforcesyoutoorganizeyourthoughts.Additionally,creatingastoryoffersyouasenseofcontrol.Expressivewritingworksbecauseitallowsyoutomakemeaningoutofapainfulexperience.(把这种困扰翻译成语言会迫使你组织你的思想。此外，创建一个故事给你一种控制感。表达性写作之所以有效，是因为它能让你从痛苦的经历中找到意义)”可知，后文提到“这种困扰”，所以空处应提出“困扰”这个概念，所以F项“Realizingwhatisdisturbingyouisanimportantfirststep.(意识到困扰你的是什么是重要的第一步)”符合文意，其中disturbing和disturbance是同构词。故选F项。【18题详解】位于段尾，应对前文的总结，根据前文“Talkingaboutaneventcanleadtoreflection,whereyouarelostinemotionsandmaybecomeoverexcited.Butwritingforcesyoutoslowdown.Writingcanreducetheneuralactivityinthebrain,leadingtoapositivemoodandanenhancedappreciationforlife.(谈论一件事可能会导致反思，你会迷失在情绪中，可能会变得过度兴奋。但是写作迫使你放慢速度。写作可以减少大脑中的神经活动，带来积极的情绪，增强对生活的欣赏)”可知，本段主要讲述了把不好的事情写下来可以带来积极的情绪，所以G项“Writingincreasesone’sacceptanceofexperiences,andacceptanceiscalming.(写作增加了一个人对经历的接受，并且接受是平静的)”符合本段主题，其中calming和首句的overexcited相对应，为本段总结句。故选G项。【19题详解】根据前文“Whatifyouthinkyou’renotexpertatwriting?(如果你认为自己不擅长写作呢?)”可知，空处应对问题进行回答，B项“Don’tworryaboutspellingorgrammar.(不要担心拼写或语法)”符合文意。故选B项。【20题详解】根据前文“Butthereareafewwarnings.(但也有一些警告)”以及后文“Peoplecopingwithaseverepainordepressionmaynotfinditusefultodoalonewithouttherapy.Itshouldn’tbeusedasareplacementforothertreatments.Yetitcanbeapowerfulcopingtoolformany,becauseithelpspeoplefightthefeartofaceemotions.(患有严重疼痛或抑郁的人可能会发现，没有治疗的单独行动是没有用的。它不应该被用来替代其他治疗方法。然而，对许多人来说，它可以是一个强大的应对工具，因为它可以帮助人们战胜面对情绪的恐惧)”可知，本段讲述表达性写作不足的地方，所以C项“Expressivewritingisn’tamagicalcureforall.(表达性写作并不是万能的)”符合本段主题，引出下文。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bradyhasbeendiagnosedwithterminalcancer.Ithasbeen____21____forhisfamilyandhisstudents.Hewas____22____notonlybecausehewasarisingstar,butalsobecausehehadrecently____23____thehighesthonorsforyoungresearchersattheWhiteHouse.Wetruly____24____him—assomeoneputit,“Healwayshasasmileandakindwordforeveryone.”Itisvery____25____tofindsomeonewhoisextremelyintelligentshouldbesonice.Lastweek,Iboughtasimplecard,reading,“Healingthoughtsandwishesarecomingyourway.Weareall____26____foryourrecovery”.Imetandmadeallhisstudents,whohaveworkedprettycloselywithhim,signandadda____27____onit.Heisstillundergoingintensetreatment,tryinghisbesttostay____28____andhopeful.Hedidn’tshowanytraceofself-pityorsadnesswhenImethim.____29____,hepaidattentiontoeverywordofmypresentationandaskedmeseveralquestions_____30_____tomywork,thoughbeingingreat_____31_____.Isawanexpressionofjoyandhopeonhisfaceasheopenedthecard.Hesaidhewas_____32_____toseethemessagesfromthestudents.Thenhe_____33_____,“Iamtryingtofocusonstayingpositive,hopingtobebackthissummer.”Despitebeingtoosicktoteachclasses,myprofessorhasmanagedtocontinuebeingagreatteacher,introducinghislast_____34_____messagestous.Itissoimportanttotellpeoplehowmuchthey_____35_____tousbeforeitistoolate.21.A.disappointing B.challenging C.heartbreaking D.confusing22.A.normal B.responsible C.ordinary D.outstanding23.A.collected B.awarded C.delivered D.chosen24.A.admit B.admire C.inspire D.cure25.A.hard B.natural C.practical D.simple26.A.seeking B.searching C.praying D.competing27.A.text B.message C.comment D.wish28.A.anxious B.thoughtful C.curious D.optimistic29.A.Therefore B.Instead C.Particularly D.Besides30.A.related B.devoted C.committed D.applied31.A.relief B.power C.pain D.vain32.A.motivated B.frightened C.interested D.touched33.A.added B.considered C.wandered D.hesitated34.A.personal B.precious C.professional D.inaccurate35.A.offer B.convey C.sacrifice D.mean【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.C27.B28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Brady教授被诊断患有晚期癌症。他是一位备受尊敬的年轻研究者，曾获得白宫颁发的最高荣誉。他在面对绝症的困扰下，展现了坚强和乐观的态度，继续对学生进行启发和教育。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对他的家人和学生来说都是令人心碎的。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.challenging富于挑战性的；C.heartbreaking令人心碎的；D.confusing令人费解的。根据上文“Bradyhasbeendiagnosedwithterminalcancer.”可知，Brady教授被诊断为癌症晚期，所以他的家人和学生感到心碎。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他之所以杰出，不仅因为他是一颗冉冉升起的新星，还因为他最近在白宫获得了青年研究人员的最高荣誉。A.normal普通的；B.responsible负责任的；C.ordinary平凡的；D.outstanding杰出的。根据下文“hewasarisingstar”和“hehadrecently

3thehighesthonorsforyoungresearchersattheWhiteHouse”可推知，Brady教授非常杰出。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他之所以杰出，不仅因为他是一颗冉冉升起的新星，还因为他最近在白宫获得了青年研究人员的最高荣誉。A.collected赢得，获得；B.awarded授予；C.delivered传达；D.chosen选择。根据下文“thehighesthonorsforyoungresearchersattheWhiteHouse”可知，他获得了青年研究人员的最高荣誉。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们真的很佩服他，就像有人说的，“他总是面带微笑，对每个人都说好话。”。A.adm