高考英语易错题复习

阅读理解

总体概述

阅读理解是我们学习英语的主要目的之一，是我们获取外来信息的

重要途径。阅读理解是综合读者各方面知识的过程，通过阅读能看出

作者的主要意图和文章的基调；从有关资料中汲取有用的东西；对不

重要情节或信息一带而过；根据阅读目的和材料的难易程度调整阅读

速度和方法；根据作者的描述得出自己的结论；掌握并利用语境猜测

词的多种含义的；根据阅读材料快速读懂图表；根据短文的内容填空

等等。

一、命题趋向

L阅读材料更趋向于真实性、实用性和教育性

关注实际生活的选材特点在近年的NMET阅读理解试题中已经呈现

出明显的增强趋势。这种趋势与当前基础教育的改革要求是一致的。

中学生语言学习的根本目的应当与基础教育的根本目标一致，即：学

会求知、学会做事、学会合作、学会做人。真实性和适用性选材是适

应基础教育英语课程改革的目标而出现的；选材的教育性是基于阅读

的第二层面而设立的，即考生不仅要懂得文章的意思，还要进行思考。

2.问题的创设将会更加灵活多样，尤以整体理解和推理为主

阅读理解创设的问题大多不能按字面意思随手拈来，需要归纳、

概括中心，推测作者意图、挖掘深层含义。有些题目还要加以逻辑推

理才能选择出正确答案。

3.由猜测词义到对整个句子意义的理解将是一个新的命题热点

词义猜测题在近儿年的阅读命题中屡见不鲜。一般是利用上下

文，通过对应结构或平行结构中同义词或反义词来进行判断。近年来

考试突破了这个圈圈，命题者要求考生在对文章的整体理解上来理解

某个熟悉的词汇或短语在真实语境中新的含义。

4.所选材料的结构复杂化，生疏但能读懂的短语和表达方式将达

到一定的数量

英语新课程标准中，阅读理解的要求更高。在典型例题卷的阅读

理解中就出现了许多考生感到陌生的短语。如B篇中有tolookthe

otherway；E篇中的inthegreatmajorityof等。这些短语的出

现在一定的程度上加大了难度，但符合《考试说明》的要求，也体现

了语言学习的适用性和灵活性。

5.填空题

填空题则重在要求考生从文中获取信息，然后转述文章的内容，

这不是抄袭照搬，它对运用语言提出了较高的要求。可以说，填空题

的能力要求在阅读题之上。填空题是考查学生的阅读和书面表达的能

力，复习的关键还是要加强基本功。

二、提高阅读理解能力的途径

L平时多阅读。

如英文报纸、杂志、读物，这样可以培养良好的阅读习惯，克服

对生词的恐惧心理，从而达到提高阅读速度和阅读能力的目的。根据

不同情况调整阅读速度，要知道在什么时候快读，什么时候慢读。一

般说来，对我们有用或重要的信息我们就要放慢速度，对我们不重要

的信息可以一带而过，这样才可以在整体上提高阅读速度。

2.扩大知识面。

要对社会、科学、文学、史地、艺术等多个领域特别是有关英美

等国家的情况都要有所了解。

3.积累适合自己的阅读技巧和做题方法，在做题时做到有的放

矢。

4.扩大词汇量。

有限的词汇量必然影响你的阅读能力的提高。生词的含义只有在

上下文中才能完全展现出来，并易于被记住、理解、掌握；同时还可

以利用构词法记忆单词，这对于阅读是特别有用。

三、阅读理解试题的命题角度

历届高考阅读试题基本上可以分为五类：1.理解认定事实试题。

2.猜测词义或短语试题。3.推理判断试题。4.归纳概括试题。5.填空

题。一般来说，高考阅读理解试题的命题角度都是从这儿个方面来展

开的。下面我们以部分英语高考试题的阅读理解部分来认识一下这些

个命题角度。

1.（典型例题）

Chances

IreallylovemyjobbecauseIenjoyworkingwithsmall

childrenand1ikethechallengesandawardsfromthejob.Ialso

thinkmyworkisimportant.TherewasatimewhenIthoughtI

wouldneverhavethatsortofcareer（职业）.

Ithenfoundmyselfajob,lookingaftertwolittlegirls.

Iwasn'tanexcellentstudentbecauseIdidn,tdomuch

schoolwork.InmyfinaltermIstartedthinkingwhatImight

doandfoundIdidn,thavemuchtooffer.Ijustacceptedthat

Iwasnztthetypetohaveacareer.

Itwasn，ttoobadatfirst.ButtheproblemsbeganwhenIagreed

tolivein,sothatIwouldbethereifmybosshadtogoout

forbusinessintheevening.WeagreedthatifIhadtowork

extrahoursoneweek,she'dgivemetimeoffthenext.But

unfortunately,itdidn'toftenworkout.Iwasgetting

extremelytiredandfedup,becauseIhadtoomanylatenights

andearlymorningswiththechildren.

OneSunday,Iwasintheparkwiththechildren,andmet

Meganwhousedtogotoschoolwihme.Itoldheraboutmy

situation.ShesuggestedthatIshoulddoacourseandgeta

qualification（资格证书）ifIwantedtoworkwithchildren.I

didn'tthinkIwouldbeacceptedbecauseIdidn,ttakemany

examsinschool.Shepersuadedmetophonethelocalcollege

andtheywerereallyhelpful.Myexperiencecountedforalot

andIgotonaparttimecourse.Ihadtoleavemyjobwith

thefamily,andgotworkhelpingoutatakindergarten.

NowIfvegotafull—timejobthere.Ishallalwaysbe

thankfultoMegan.IwishIhadknownearlierthatyoucould

haveacareer,evenifyouarenzttopoftheclassatschool.

1Whatistheauthor'spresentjob?

A.Workingpart一timeinacollege.

B.Takingcareofchildrenforafamily.

C.Helpingchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.

D.Lookingafterchildrenatakindergarten.

2Whenstayingwiththetwogirls，family,theauthor.

A.waspaidforextrawork

B.oftenworkedlonghours

C.gotmuchhelpfromherboss

D.tookadayoffeveryotherweek

3Whydidtheauthorleaveherfirstjob?

A.Shefoundafull一timejob.

B.Shewasfedupwithchildren.

C.Shedecidedtoattendapart一timecourse.

D.Sheneededarestafterworkingextrahours.

4Whathastheauthorlearnedfromherownexperiences?

A.Lesssuccessfulstudentscanstillhaveacareer.

B.Qualificationsarenecessaryforacareer.

C.Hardworkmakesanexcellentstudent.

D.Onemustchoosethejobshelike.

试题分析

第1题考查考生对所读短文细节理解的能力。文章最后一段说明

了"NowIzvegotafull一timejobthere.”故选D.

第2题考查考生对所读短文作出简单判断和推理的能力。文中第

三段说，尽管she，dgivemetimeoffthenext,但是itdidn，t

oftenworkout.因此，选B.

第3题考查考生阐述主旨事实和相关细节的能力。在朋友的劝说

下，最终作者还是听从了。

第4题考查考生对作者的意图和态度的理解能力。本文作者从读

书时的表现不优秀，从而认为自己后来不会有自己的事业，到后来有

了career,D项最能说明主题。

2.（典型例题）

1WhatdoesPassage①tellusabouttheboy?

A.Hewasinjuredintheheadwhenhewas14.

B.Hehaswaitedforthepayoutforalongtime.

C.Hehaslivedinthesameplacesincetheaccident.

D.Hewasrunoverbyataxiwhenridingonthepavement.

2WhatcanwelearnaboutLeeandColliercountiesfrom

Passage②？

A.Theybothbecamesafeplaces.

B.Theywonthesameplaceinarace.

C.Theyhadthesamenumberofaccidents.

D.Theyjoinedhandsinreducingaccidents.

3Whichpassagewouldgivemoreinformationontheprevention

ofroadaccidents?

A.①B.②C.③D.④

试题分析

第1题考查考生阐述主旨的事实和相关细节的能力。George出事

时是3岁，而现在是十四岁，等待这个判决的时间是够长的了。故选

B.

第2题考查考生了解用以阐述主旨的事实和相关细节的能力。虽

然事故次数是一样的低(21),但并没有说成为安全地方，所以选项C

是正确的。

第3题考查考生对所读短文作出简单判断和推理的能力。综合四

则报导，只有④有对于事故安全保护的介绍，所以D项是最佳答案。

3.(典型例题北)

MyteenagesonKarlbecamewithdrawnafterhisfatherdied.

Asasingleparent,Itriedtodomybesttotalktohim.But

themoreItried,themorehepulledaway.Whenhisreportcard

arrivedduringhisjunioryear,itsaidthathehadbeenabsent

95timesfromclassesandhadsixfallinggradesfortheyear.

Atthisratehewouldnevergraduate.Isenthimtotheschool

adviser,andIevenbeggedhim.Nothingworked.

OnenightIfeltsopowerlessthatIgotdownonmyknees

andpleadedforhelp.''PleaseGod,Ican,tdoanythingmore

formyson.Izmattheendofmyrope.Fmgivingthewhole

thinguptoyou."

IwasatworkwhenIgotaphonecall.Amanintroduced

himselfastheheadmaster.''IwanttotalktoyouaboutKarl's

absences."Beforehecouldsayanotherword,Ichokedupand

allmydisappointmentandsadnessoverKarlcamepouringout

intotheearsofthisstranger.''IlovemysonbutIjustdon，t

knowwhattodo.PvetriedeverythingtogetKarltogoback

toschoolandnothinghasworked.Itzsoutofmyhands."''For

amomenttherewassilenceontheotherendoftheline.The

headmasterseriouslysaid,“Thankyouforyourtime”,andhung

up.

Karl'snextreportcardshowedamarkedimprovementin

hisgrades.Finally,heevenmadethehonorroll.Inhisfourth

year,Iattendedaparent一teachermeetingwithKarl.I

noticedthathisteacherswereastonishedatthewayhehad

turnedhimselfaround.Onourwayhome,hesaid:''Mum,remember

thatcallfromtheheadmasterlastyear?Inodded.''Thatwas

me.IthoughtPdplayajokebutwhenIheardwhatyousaid,

itreallyhitmehowmuchIwashurtingyou.That，swhenIknew

Ihadtomakeyouproud.

1Bysaying''Karlbecamewithdrawnz,,theauthormeansthat

theboychangedentirelyand.

A.preferredtostayaloneathome

B.lostinterestinhisstudies

C.refusedtotalktoothers

D.begantodislikehismother

2Therewassilenceontheotherendofthelinebecause.

A.thespeakerwastoomovedtosayanythingtothemother

B.thespeakerwaitedforthemothertofinishspeaking

C.thespeakerdidn'twantthemothertorecognizehis

voice

D.thespeakerwasunabletointerruptthemother

3Thesentence''..,heevenmadethehonorroll“means

that',__________

A.hewasevenonthelisttobepraisedattheparenter

一teachermeeting

B.hewasevenonthelistofstudentswhomadeprogress

ingrades

C.hewasevenonthelistofstudentswhohadturned

themselvesaround

D.hewasevenonthelistofthebeststudentsatschool

4Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Childreninsingle一parentfamiliesoftenhave

mentalproblems.

B.Motherzsloveplaysanimportantroleinteenagersz

life.

C.Beingunderstoodbyparentsisveryimportantto

teenagers.

D.Schooleducationdoesn'tworkwithoutfullsupportfrom

parents.

试题分析

第1题考查考生在上下文中猜测词（组）意义的能力。短文开始就

讲述MyteenagesonKarlbecamewithdrawn,接着Itriedtodo

mybesttotalktohim.ButthemoreItried,themorehepulled

away.这就对becamewithdrawn作了解释，所以C项是最佳答案。

第2题考查考生对所读短文作出简单判断和推理的能力。根据文

章第三段接电话的情况以及文章最后一段中儿子对母亲说的话，就可

以推断出silence的原因是toomovedtosayanythingtothemother.

故选A项。

第3题考查考生理解个别句子意义的能力。原文在heevenmade

thehonorroll下面划了横线，根据上下文，应该理解成“上了学

校优秀学生荣誉册”，所以选择D项。

第4题,考查考生对文章主旨要义的理解。答案是B项。从文章中

出现的

senthimtotheschooladviser,beggedhim,feltsopowerless,

gotdownonmyknees,pleadedforhelp,Pmattheendofmy

rope,I'mgivingthewholethinguptoyou,Ichokedupandall

mydisappoint-mentandsadnessoverKarlcamepouringoutinto

theearsofthisstranger,IlovemysonbutIjustdon，tknow

whattodo,Itzsoutofmyhands一连串的叙述中，我们看到的

是一位平凡母亲的无私伟大的母爱。

4.（典型例题）

8:30PM

Outlook

Outlookisbackwithanewseriesofreportstokeepyouup

datewithallthat,snewintheworldofentertainment.Stories

goallthewayfromthetechnicaltotheromantic,fromstage

toscreen.Therewillbereportsofthestarsofthemoment,

thestarsofthefutureandthestarsofthepast.Thedirector

withhisnewfilm,thedesignerwiththelatestfash-ion,and

themusicianwiththepopularsongarepartofthenewOutlook.

TheprogramisintroducedbyFranLevine.

9:00PM

Discovery

Whena10-year-oldboygetsafirstclassdegreein

mathematicsoran8-year-oldplayschesslikeafuturegrand

master,theyareconsideredasgeniuses.Wheredoesthequality

ofgeniuscomefrom?Isitallinthegenes（基因）orcanany

childbeturnedintoagenius?Andifparentsdohaveachild

whomightbecomeageniusinthefuture,whatshouldtheydo?

Inthis30-minutefilm,BarryJohnson,theprofessoratSchool

ofMedicine,NewYorkUniversitysitywillhelpyoudiscover

theanswer.

10:00PM

Science/Health

Isitpossibletobeathighbloodpressurewithoutdrugs?

Theansweris、'yes",accordingtotheresearchersatJohns

Hopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters.Afterastudyof800

personswithhighbloodpressure,theyfoundthatafter6months,

thosedevotedtoweightloss一exerciseandeatingalow一

salt,low一fatfood一lostabout13poundsandbecamefitter.

Plus,35%ofthemdroppedintothe''normalcategory（范畴）.

Thisweek,Dr.AlanDuckworthwilltel1youhowthesepeople

reducetheirbloodpressuretoalevelsimilartowhat's

achievedwithHypertensiondrugs.

1Themainpurposeofwritingthesethreetextsis

A.toinvitepeopletoseefilms

B.toinvitepeopletotopicdiscussions

C.toattractmorestudentstoattendlectures

D.toattractmorepeopletowatchTVprograms

2FromOutlook,youcangetagreatdealofinformationabout

A.storytellersB.famousstars

C.filmcompaniesD.musicfans

3WhowillbemostprobablyinterestedinDiscovery?

A.Parentswhowanttosendtheirchildrentoaschoolof

medicine.

B.Childrenwhoaregoodatmathematics.

C.ParentswhowanttheirchildtobecomeanotherAlbert

Einstein.

D.Childrenwhoareinterestedinplayingchess.

4InScience/Health,''JohnsHopkins"is.

A.afamousuniversityB.amedicalcenter

C.awellknowndoctorD.adrugcompany

5Accordingtothethirdtext,whichofthefollowinghas

almostthesameeffectasHypertensiondrug?

A.Exerciseplusahealthydiet.

B.Lossofthirteenpoundsinweight.

C.Sixmonthsofexercisewithoutdrugs.

D.Low—saltandlow——fatfood.

试题分析

第1题考查考生对作者的意图和态度的理解能力。作者将电视节

目预告单广而告之，就是为了toattractmorepeopletowatchTV

programs,所以D项是正确的。

第2题考查考生阐述主旨的事实和相关细节的能力。从Outlook

广告中，我们所得知的大量信息都与famousstars有关，所以B项是

正确的。

第3题考查考生能根据所读材料进行判断推理和引申的能力。希

望自己的孩子成为genius是每个为人父母者的心愿。因此选C.

第4题考查考生根据上下文猜测词（组）意义的能力。根据广告，

我们得知JohnHopkins是amedicalcentero所以选B.

第5题考查考生所读教材作出简单判断和推理的能力。广告中

thosedevotedtoweightloss一exerciseandeatingalow一salt,

low一fatfood一lostabout13poundsandbecamefitter一句可

推断出Hypertensiondrugs具有相同效力的应该是A项。

5.（典型例题）

Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗

星）isheadingtowardstheEarth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,

buttwopieceswillprobablyhitthesouthernhalfoftheEarth.

On17July,apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth7s

atmosphere（大气层）withamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthe

pieceisdestroyed,buttheremainingparthitstheSouth

Atlanticat200timesthespeedofsound.Theseaboilsanda

hugeholeismadeintheseabed.Hugewavesarecreatedand

spreadoutwardsfromthehole.Thewallofwater,akilometer

high,rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.

CitiesontheAfricancoastaretotallydestroyedandmillions

ofpeoplearedrowned.

BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpiece

ofthecometlandsinArgentina.Earthquakesandvolcanoesare

setoffintheAndesMountains.Theshockwavesmovenorthinto

CaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLos

Angeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelydestroyedby

earthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfofthe

eartharealreadydead,butthenorthwon，tescapeforlong.

Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,

temperaturesaroundtheworldfalltoahnostzero.Cropsare

ruined.Thesunwon，tbeseenagainformanyyears.Warsbreak

outascountriesfightforfood.Ayearlater,nomorethan10

millionpeopleremainalive.

Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappened

morethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurswere

ontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyears

agotheysuddenlydisappeared.Manyscientistsbelievethatthe

Earthwashitbyapieceofobjectinspace.Thedinosaurs

couldn'tlivethroughthecoldclimatethatfollowedandthey

diedout.Willwemeetthesameand?

1Whatismainlydescribedinthepassage?

A.Ahistoricdiscovery.

B.Aneventofimagination.

C.Aresearchonspace.

D.Ascientificadventure.

2WhenthefirstpiecehitstheSouthAtlantic,itcauses

A.anearthquakeB.damagestocities

C.anEarthexplosionD.hugewaves

3Whycan'tthenorthernhalfoftheearthescapeforlong?

A.Becausethelandiscoveredwithwater.

B.Becausethelightandheatfromthesuncannotreach

theearth.

C.Becausepeopletherecannotliveatthetemperatureof

zero.

D.Becausewarsbreakoutamongcountries.

4Bygivingtheexampleofdinosaurs,theauthortriesto

prove—.

A.animalscouldnotliveinthecoldclimate

B.whathappened65millionyears,agowas

aninventedstory

C.thehumanbeingswilldieoutin2094

D.theEarthcouldbehitbyotherobjectsinspace

试题分析

第1题考查考生理解文章主旨要义的能力。这是一篇科幻读物，

作者幻想了2049年所发生的彗星撞击南半球的事。连作者自己都发

出提问，Coulditreallyhappen?可以推断只是想像而已。所以选

B.

第2题考查考生阐述主旨事实和相关细节的能力。由文章第二段

可知，当theremainingparthitstheSouthAt1anticat200times

thespeedofsound时，Hugewavesarecreated.所以选项D是

正确的。

第3题考查考生能根据所读材料进行判断推理和引申的能力。由

原文第三段Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunishiddenbyclouds

ofdust,...Thesunwon'tbeseenagainformanyyears可以

推断出B项是正确的。

第4题考查考生领会作者的观点、态度以及文章字里行间的弦外

之音的能力。作者以恐龙在地球上消失这个例子来说明theEarth

couldbehitbyotherobjectsinspace。所以选D.

6.（典型例题）填空题

阅读短文，根据所读内容在文后1〜10的空格里填上适当的单词

或短语。注意：每空不超过3个单词。

ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisgrowingolderMdwill

continuetodoso.

Accordingtoareport,39millionAmericanswillbe65or

olderbytheyew2010,51millionby2020,and65millionby

2030.

The、'graying"oftheUnitedStatesismainlyduetothefact

thatpeopleintheU.S.livinglonger.Asamatteroffact,

thenumberofU.S.citizens85yearsoldandolderisgrowing

sixtimesasfastastherestofthepopulation.Itisalso

largelyduetotheoldgrowingofthe''babyboomersthe

generationbornafterWorldWarII.In1957,over4.3million

babieswereborn.Morethan75millionAmericanswereborn

between1946and1964,thelargestgenerationinU.S.history.

Inlessthantwentypears,millionsoftheywillbecomeelderly

people.

The''graying"oftheU.S.willgreatlyaffectthenation's

familyandworkforce.Onelikelydevelopmentwillbeagradual

changeinthefamilyunit;itwillmoveawayfromthenuclear

familyandtowardsamultigenerationalfamily.Theotherlikely

developmentwillbeachangeintheproportion（比例）ofthe

nation,sworkforce.In1989therewere3.5workersforevery

person65andolder;bytheyear2030,themwillonlybe2

workersforeveryperson65andolder.

Title1.

Numberof2._______ByBy20302

citizens652020

Orolder39million5165

milliomillion

n

4._______

3.8.

6._______

multigeneratioma

1family

9._____________to

5._______7.______citizens65or

older

10.—By2030

3.5:12:1

试题分析

第1空填GrayingUSA.本文讲述了美国人口老龄化的问题，套

用文中graying一词最恰当。

第2空填By2010.与空格后by2020,by2030成对比应当是by

2010o

第3空填Causes/reasons.后者是老龄化的两个原因。一个是

民众长寿了（Citizenszlongerliving）,一个是二战后生育高峰期时

出生的人年龄大了（Babyboomersfoldgrowing）.

第4空填CitizensTongerliving.同上。

第5空填Effects/Results.文章以下谈论的是老龄化到来的两

个大的影响，——是Familyunitchange,——是Workforceproportion

change.前者导致了Nuclearfamily,后者导致了Workersto

citizens65orolder.

第6空填Familyunitchange.同上。

第7空填Workforceproportionchange.同上。

第8空填Nuclearfamily.同上。

第9空填Workers.同上。

第10空填In1989.同上。

7.（典型例题）

Equippedonlywithapairofbinoculars（双筒望远镜）and

readytospendlonghourswaitinginallethersforaprecious

glanceofararebullfinch（红腹灰雀）.Britainzsbrid-watchers

hadlongbeensupposedtobeloversofaminoritysport.But

newfiguresshowbirdwatchingisfastbecomingapopular

pastime,withalmostthreemillionofusabsorbedinour

flutteringfeatherfriends.

Devotedbirdwatchers,thosepreparedtotravelthousands

ofmilesforasightingofarareSibrianbirdarefastbeing

joinedbyanewbreedoffoolowerwhoseinterestissatiated

bywatchingafewfinches（雀科鸣鸟）onaSundaywalkor

puttingupabird-boxinthebackgarden.

AlmostthreemilionUKbirdwatchersiscertainly

possibleifyouincludeeveryonewithonlyacasualinterest,

“Ste-phenMosssaidinhisnewlypublishedbook一ABirdinthe

Bush:asocialHistoryofBirdwatching一whichrecordsthe

pursuitfromtherichVictorianEnglishman'sloveofshooting

rarebirdstothelessoffensiveobservationaltendenciesof

birdwatcherstoday.

Televisionwildlifeprogrammeshavehelpedtofuelthe

newtrend.Lastsummer,BBC2'sBritiainGoetWildwasa

surprisesuccess.Itpulledinthreemillionviewersandled

tobirdhousessellingoutacrosstheUKas45,OOOpeople

promisedtoputupabox.

Birdwatchersznetworkingsystemfirstcametothe

attentionofthenationin1989,whenabirdwatchercaughtsight

ofthefirstVermivorachrysoptera一agolden-wingedsongbird

romNorthAmerica-tobeseeninBritain.Heputamessageout

onthenetworkserviceBirdline.Andthenextday3,000

birdwatchersprovedthefullpullofatuffyrarebirdasthey

visitedtheTescocarparkinKent,whereithadsettle.Today,

birdwatcherscanlogontowww.birdline,co.ukorhavenews

ofthelatestsightingstextedtotheirphones.

''Multimi1lion-poundspendingonbinoculars,birdfood

andboxespointtotheincreasingnumbersofbirdwatchers."

saidDavidGromacktheeditorofBirdWatchingmagazine.''The

numberofpeopleinvolvedissobigthattheyhavegreat

potentialtoinfluencegovernmentdecisionsaffectingthe

environment."

1Theword''satiated“inparagraph2canbestbereplaced

by.

A.affectedB.shared

C.satisfiedD.narrowed

2WhathappenedafterthemessageofseeingaVermivora

chrysopterawasputonthenetwork?

A.BirdwatchershelpedtherarebirdsettleinKent.

B.Largenumbersofbirdwatcherswenttoviewthebird.

C.Manybirdwatcherslogedontothewebsitefordetails.

D.Birdwatchersshowedtheirdeterminationtoprotectthe

rarebird.

3WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbetrueaccordingtothe

passage?

A.Televisionwildlifeprogrammesstartedthe

popularpastimeofbirdwatching.

B.Thenetworkservicehascontributedtotherapid

developmentofbirdwatching.

C.BirdwatchinginBritainwaslongconsideredasport

withasmallgroupoffollowers.

D.Thecurrentsituationofbirdwatchingmaypromotethe

protectionoftheenvironment.

4Thepassagemainlytellsusabout_inUK.

A.thehistoryofbirdwatching

B.agrowingpassionforbirdwatching

C.theimpactofmediaonbirdwatching

D.birdwatchingasapopularexpensivesport

试题分析

l.C第二段中谈到人们跋涉数英里来看鸟，看到雀科鸣鸟或在

后花园安装个鸟箱使他们的兴趣得到了满足。

2.B文中第五段"thenextday-,whereitadsettled”一

句中看出有许多观鸟者去看这个鸟。

3.A从第7段可以看出电视有关野生动物的节目有助于观鸟活

动的流行。

4.B总揽全文可知观鸟已经引起越来越多人的关注。

8.（典型例题）

Directions:Readthefollowingtextandchoosethemost

suitableheadingfromA-Fforeachparagraph.Thereisone

extraheadingwhichyoudonotneed.

A.Goodsforauctionsales

B.Definitionofbidding

C.Waytosellmoregoodsby

auction

D.Auctionsalesinhistory

E.Briefintroductionto

autions

F.Makingalargerprofitas

anauctioneer

1.

Acutionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyan

officiallyaprovedauctioneer.Heaskethecrowdassembledin

theauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids",forthevarious

itemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhighterfiguresand

finallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.This

iscaled"knockingdown"thegoods,forthebiddingendswhen

theauctioneerstrikesasmallhammeronatableatwhichhe

stands.

2.

TheancientRomanprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,and

theEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinauction,meaning

“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythegoodstaken

inwar.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenth

centuries,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”,ashortcandle

waslitbyheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayed

alight.

3.

Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldby

auction.Amongthesearecoffee,skins,wool,tea,furs,silk

andwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,

furniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworks

ofart.

4.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfull

particularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhenthey

canbeviewedbypotentialbuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannot

givefulldetails,cataloguesareprintedandeachgroupof

goodstobesoldtogethercalleda〃lot”,isusuallygivena

number.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLotIandcontinue

intheorderofnumbers:hemaywaituntilhenotices

thefactthancertainbuyersareintheroomandthenproduce

thelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.

5.

Theauctioneer，sservicesarepaidforintheformofa

percentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneer

thereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingas

highaspossible.Hewillnotwastetimebystartingthebid­

dingtoolow.Hewillalsoplayontheopponentsamonghisbuyers

andsucceedingettingahighpricebyencouragingtwobusiness

competitorstobidagainsteachother.

试题分析

1.E.从第一句可以看出是对拍卖的简单介绍。

2.D.HeancientRoman提示在讲拍卖的历史。

3.A"goods,cof