高考英语【思维导图背单词】词根法速记高中必背单词 Day 2新课标试卷

高中必背单词词根

Parti

高中必背词根Ispect=look看

及同源单词

1词根spect=look看

I________________

inspect[Inspekt]vt.检查；检验;审视

【助记】向里面(in)看spect是“检查”。

【真句】Theyshouldhavealltheircarrieditemsinspectedattheentrance.［2008江苏］他们本

应该将所带物品在出口处被检查。

【拓展】inspection［inspekjn］检查；

inspector［inspekta］检察员；检票员

respect[rispekt]vt.&n.尊敬,尊重

【助记】反复(re)看(spect)就是“尊重

［真句］Peopleshouldrespecteachother.［2008北京］人们应该互相尊重。

suspect[se'spekt]v.怀疑n.嫌疑犯

【真句】Manypeoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltusedeverywinterisharmingtheenvironment.

[2020浙江】许多人怀疑每年冬天使用的所有岩盐都在损害环境。

Iinspect检查Irepect尊敬I

I_____________J

expect口k'spekt]vt.预料；盼望；认为

【助记】向外面(ex)看(spect)是“期待

【真句】Youcan'texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittletime.[2012山东】你不能要求我

在这么短的时间内做完所有的工作。

【拓展】expectation[ekspek'telJ(a)n]n.预料；期望

aspect[aespekt]n.方面

【真句】Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife...[2015北京】科

技改变在所有的地方都有发生并且影响生活的每一方面..…

高中必背词根tend=ft

［真句］Hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge.［2012

山东】几百名动物爱好者参加了新桥的竣工仪式。

［真句】Bynowparamedics（救援人员）hadarrived,andwereattendingtheinjured

woman.【2014年福建】现在救援人员已经到了，正在照顾受伤的石豆一­

attend：去（某人处）

照料

ttention叵tenjn]n.注意力

[真句]Usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically.[2009北京】

利用自然来改善注意力的集中在学术上市可以获得回报的。

【拓展】

payattentionto注重=fix/fbcusone'sattentionon=draw/attractone'sattention吸弓I.......的注

意力

mduiUefromL.毕业/.」undergraduate

Cunder+大学体科性

graduatepost（-）graduate

+0+a,e-毕业;毕业生post>

之后研究生

cent佰）+centigrade♦ion-graduation毕业（典礼）

i+grad+e-掇氏（的）

up+upgrodc捱升.（使）升级

・y・qrade等拨,级别

down+.downgrade降级算口!

gradual

一.ual•逐渐的海步的.+ly-grduWl?逐渐电逐步地

/able*dcgradablr可降薪的

d<H*edegrade

向F.好低J使解笔

nation.degradation12H匕前愎

in里fj+grtd（变体）+itol-ingrcdieul（.2那川的成分龙泰

theactiveiRgredientljnulritionalingredient!”不成分

LetterGrade

Percentage

1.grade英［greid］美［greid］GradePoint

A4.094-100%

A-3.790-93%

n.（产品、材料的）等级，品级;（官衔的）级别；职别；成绩等级；评分等级；B+3.387-89%

B3.083-86%

B-2.780-83%

V.（按能力、质量、大小等将…）分级，分等，分类；给…评分；给…分数；C+2.377-79%

C2.073-76%

C-1.770-72%

［例句］DustmasksaregradedaccordingtotheprotectiontheyofferD+1.367-79%

D1.060-66%

防尘口罩根据它们的防护效果分等级。F0.00-59%

［其他］第三人称单数：grades复数：grades现在分词：grading过去式：graded过去

分词：graded英译英：Ifsomethingisgraded,itsqualityisjudged,anditisoftengivena

numberoranamethatindicateshowgoodorbaditis.

词根grad=step,表示“等级”名词二年级；成绩；动词二评分；划等级

gradual英「graedjio1］

adj.逐渐的；逐步的；渐进的；平缓的；不陡的；

拆分：grad（=step步）+ual（形容词后缀）一步一步的，引申为逐渐的，平缓的。

英译英：Agradualchangeorprocessoccursinsmallstagesoveralongperiodoftime,rather

thansuddenly.

graduate英「graedjuat,'graedjuelt]

n.大学毕业生；学士学位获得者；毕业生;

v.获得学位（尤指学士）；大学毕业；毕业（尤指中学）；授予（某人）学位（或毕业文凭等）；

拆分：grad（=step步）+ate（动词后缀）一步步、一级级完成的，特指学生通过一级一级的

学习才能取得毕业，引申为毕业。

英译英：InBritain,agraduateisapersonwhohassuccessfullycompletedadegreeata

universityorcollegeandhasreceivedacertificatethatshowsthis.

graduation英LgnedjT回n]

n.（大学或美国高中的）毕业；毕业典礼；

拆分：graduate（毕业）+tion（名词后缀）毕业

英译英：Graduationisthesuccessfulcompletionofacourseofstudyatauniversity,college,

orschool,forwhichyoureceiveadegreeordiploma.

postgraduate英Lpaust'graedsuM]n.研究生；

拆分：post（=after,表示在…之后）+graduate（毕业）大学毕业之后还继续学习的，就是

研究生；英译英：Apost-graduateorapostgraduatestudentisastudentwithafirstdegree

fromauniversitywhoisstudyingordoingresearchatamoreadvancedlevel.

记忆重点：post=after,表示在…之后

undergraduate^5[.Ando'graed3uot]n.本科生；

degrade英[di'greid]

v.降低…身份；侮辱…的人格；使受屈辱;（使）退化，降解；分解；降低，削弱（尤指质量）；

拆分：de（=down向下）grade（=step等级）向下一个等级=降低身份，引申为降解；分解。

英译英：Somethingthatdegradessomeonecausespeopletohavelessrespectforthem.

biodegradable,baoudi'greidobl]

adj.可生物降解的；

拆分：bio（=生物）+degrade（分解）+able（能）生

物可降解的

英译英：Somethingthatisbiodegradablebreaksdownor

decaysnaturallywithoutanyspecialscientifictreatment,andcanthereforebethrownaway

withoutcausingpollution.

upgrade英[Ap'greid,Apgreld]

v.使（机器、计算机系统等）升级；提高；改进；提升；提拔；提高（飞机乘客、旅馆住客等的）

待遇；优待；n.向上的斜坡；

拆分：up（=向上）+grade（step等级）向上一个等级=升级；提高；改进

英译英：Ifequipmentorservicesareupgraded,theyareimprovedormademoreefficient.

retrograde英「retrogreid］

adj.倒退的；退化的；退步的；

vi.逆行；倒退；退步使倒退倒退地；向后地；

拆分：retro（=backward向后）+grade（step等级）向后一个等级=倒退

英译英：Aretrogradeactionisonethatyouthinkmakesasituationworseratherthanbetter.

centigrade英［'sentigreid］

adj.摄氏度的；百分度的；

拆分：centi（"hundred百）+grade（=step等级）分为100级的二摄氏度的。

英译英：Centigradeisascaleformeasuringtemperature,inwhichwaterfreezesat0degrees

andboilsat100degrees.Itisrepresentedbythesymbol

2.aggress英b'gres]

v.侵略;侵犯，挑衅，攻击;

［例句］Farmers'landandpropertyrightsandinterestsareoftenaggressedatpresent.

目前，农民土地财产权益在土地调整、土地流转、国家征用土地、农业企业化经营、城乡

建设用地等过程中，都不同程度地受到侵害。

［其他］第三人称单数：aggresses现在分词：aggressing过去式：

aggressed过去分词：aggressed拆分：ag（=to朝向）+gress（proceedYANKEEEMPIRE

走）走出去二侵略；侵犯AGGRESSIVEABROAD

英译英：taketheinitiativeandgoontheoffensive;

aggressive英［o'greslv］

adj.好斗的；挑衅的；侵略的；富于攻击性的；气势汹汹的；声势浩大

JAMESRONALDANDWALTERDONALD

KEIMIMEOY

的；志在必得的；

拆分：ag（=to朝向）+gress（proceed走）+ive（形容词后缀）走出去的=好斗的；挑衅的

英译英：Peoplewhoareaggressiveintheirworkorotheractivitiesbehaveinaforcefulway

becausetheyareveryeagertosucceed.

congress英「kDijgres]

n.代表大会;（美国及其他一些国家的）国会，议会;（用于某些国家的政党名称）国民大会;

vi.开会；集合；

拆分：con（二together一起）+gress（proceed走）共同走到一起交换意见=代表大会

英译英：Acongressisalargemeetingthatisheldtodiscussideasandpolicies.

NPC（NationalPeople'sCongress）全国人民代表大会

digress英[dal'gres]

v.离题；偏离主题；

拆分：di（=away离开）+gress（proceed走）离开原来走的路二离题；偏离主题

英译英：Ifyoudigress,youmoveawayfromthesubjectyouaretalkingorwritingaboutand

talkorwriteaboutsomethingdifferentforawhile.

progress英[prougres,pra'gres]

n.进步；进展；进程；前进；行进；

v.进步；改进；进展；前进；行进;（时间上）推移，流逝;

拆分：pro（=fbrward向前）+gress（proceed走）向前走=前进；进步

英译英：Progressistheprocessofgraduallyimprovingorgettingnearertoachievingor

completingsomething.

progressive英[pro'gresiv]

adj.进步的；先进的；开明的；稳步的；逐步的；稳定发展的;（动词）进行时的；

n.进步人士；开明人士；改革派；

regress英[ri'gres]

v.倒退；回归；退化；

拆分：re（=back回）+gress（proceed走）往回走=倒退，退回

英译英：Whenpeopleorthingsregress,theyreturntoanearlierandlessadvancedstageof

development.

transgress英[traenz'gres]

越轨；违背（道德）；违犯（法律）;

拆分：trans（=across横越）+gress（proceed走）走的越过了某个点，可以这么理解，在人

和人的交往中，如果你越过了某个点，就会侵犯到别人，所以这个词可以引申为侵犯，违反。

英译英:Ifsomeonetransgresses,theybreakamorallaworaruleofbehaviour.

Part2高考单词综合演练

一、单词拼写请根据句意和汉语提示填入一个恰当的英语单词（注意形式）。共25小题,

每小题1分，满分25分。

1.Insteadofbeingspoiled,childrenshouldeatbitterfoodtolearntobefrugal（节俭的）,do

hardworktolearntocherish,andbesenttosomewheretoughtolearntobe（勇敢的）.

2.What'smore,withscientificandtechnological（突破），e-bookwillbemore

convenientandcomfortableforpeopletouse.

3.Whenpeople（呼吸）thepollutedairordrinkthepollutedwater,theymayget

ill.

4.Onbehalfofourgroup,I'dliketogivea（简洁的）summaryofourdiscussion

onthetopic“IsRecyclingTextbookaGoodsuggestion?^^

5.Withareasonable（预算）,Icansavemorethan20%ofmymoneyeverymonth,

whichusedtobespentonunnecessarythings.

6.AsfarasIamconcerned,theschoolsshouldtakemeasurestoreducetheheavy

schoolwork（负担）ofthestudents.

7.Uponhearingthefunnystory,everybody（爆发）intolaughter.

8.Ifthereisacrisis（危机），wearesupposedtoremain（镇定的），ensureweare

safeandthencallforhelp.

9.Somestudentsthinkthatlisteningtestshouldnotbe（取消）.

10.NowIamtheNo.1（选手）fortheEnglishSpeakingContestinourschool,

owingtomyexcellentperformanceinEnglish.

11.Atthebeginningoftheyear,aheavysnowstormhitHunan,Guizhouandseveralother

provinces,（造成）asevereeconomicloss.

12.Heisa（谨慎的）person,sowhateverhedoes,heisnotonlydiscreet（慎重的）

butcarefulaswell.

13.InChina,settingfireworksto（庆祝）thespringfestivalhasalonghistory.

14.Morethan6,000peoplefromallwalksoflifeinChaozhoutookpartinthe（仪

式）,includingstudentsfromprimary,highschoolsanduniversities.

15.Inaword,the90sgenerationarefacingmore（挑战）aswellasopportunities

thanothergenerations.

16.Recentlywehadadiscussionaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbe（收费）

forparks.

17.Itisknowntousallthatsomestudents（作弊）inexaminationsatschool.

18.Wastewaterfrompeople'sdailylifeandagricultural（化学制品）alsoleadto

thepollutionoftheriver.

19.Personally,thebest（选择）isagoodmajoratagooduniversity.Ifwecan't

obtainboth,thefirstthingtoconsiderisagoodmajor.

20.AheateddiscussionwasheldaboutwhetheritisnecessarytostartlearningEnglishfrom

（童年）inClass3.

21.Whenthetorchwentbyus,weallbecamesoexcitedthatweall（欢呼），

shouted,andwavedthenationalflags,havingtotallyforgottenthehotweather.

22.Familyplaysasignificantroleinshapingchildren's（性格）.

23.Inmyopinion,itiswrongofusstudentstoconsumeblindly,suchasfollowingthe

fashion,pursuingfamous（品牌/牌子）ofclothes.

24.Whenwemeetwithdifficultiesinlife,wenoticethatsomeofuschooseto（埋）

headsinthesand.

25.WeChinesearelaunchinga（运动）tobuildaharmonioussocietyaswell.

二、词义猜测请根据句意指出下列句子中划线单词的词性与汉语意思。共25小题，每

小题1分，满分25分。

1.Theriverbecomesanaturalboundarybetweenthetwocountries.（词性：意思：

2.Heshouldn,thavebrakedthecarabruptly（突然地）onsuchanicyroad.（词性:意

思:）

3.Forthepastfewyears,agreatnumberofbankshaveopenedbranchesinShanghai,the

biggestfinancialcentreinChina.（词性：意思：）

4.IwasreallysurprisedtohearthenewsthatsuchabrilliantstarasMichaelPhelpsshould

takedrugs!（词性:意思:）

5.ItshouldbebroadcastonSaturdayandSundayafternoonssothatwestudentscanhave

thechancetowatchit.（词性：意思：）

6.Computerscanhelppeopleindifferentways.Forexample,computershelpscientistsin

analyzingdataanddoingcomplexcalculations.（词性:意思:）

7.Doctorswarnthatangryfeelingscanleadtoheartdisease,stomachproblems,headaches,

emotionalproblemsandpossiblycancer.（词性:意思:）

8.Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsaboutwhetheritiswisetopaykidswithcashfor

doinghousework.（词性:意思:）

9.Thecurrentsituation,inacertaindegree,maycastashadowoverthefutureofthetalk.

（词性:意思:）

10.Don'tbetoocasualatworkbecauseworkissupposedtobetakenseriously.（词性:

意思:）

11.Pleasereadthecatalojuefromcovertocoverbeforeyoudecidewhichmodelto

purchase.（词性:意思:）

12.Itisgenerallythoughtthattheglobalwarmingmayonedaygiverisetoanenvironmental

catastrophe.（词性:意思:）

13.ThepresidentfromtheheadquartersofGuinnessWorldRecordsinBritainawardedthem

certificates.（词性:意思:）

14.Personally,Iprefertostudyalone.Ifindstudyingalonemorechallengingandexciting.

（词性:意思:_________）

15.LiuXiang,whowasalsoborninShanghaibutthreeyearsyoungerthanYaoMing,isa

worldchampioiiinthe110-metrehurdles.（词性：意思：）

16.InEngland,thechangeableweatherisatopicwhichismuchtalkedaboul.（词性:

意思:）

17.HereI'dliketointroducetoyoutheTVprogram"LearningChinese^^onCCTV9,which

isaninternationalchannel.（词性:意思:）

18.ThepeopleinthechurcharechantingaChristmascarol.（词性：意思：

）

19.Thelocalgovernmentwastakingemergencymeasurestorectify（整顿）thestateofchaos.

（词性:意思:）

20.Thelastchapterwasdeletedfromthebookforavarietyofreasons.（词性：意思：

）

21.Asisapparentlyshowninthechartabove,manymiddleschoolstudentshaveproblems

bothphysicallyandmentally.（词性:意思:）

22.InArabcountries,peopleusuallykisseachotheronthecheekwhentheymeet.（词性：

意思:）

23.Thelittlegirlwasalmostchokedtodeathafterbreathinginmuchsmoke.（词，性：

意思:）

24.WeChinesetakeitforgrantedthatchopsticksarethetoolsforeatingnoodles.（词性：

意思:）

25.ProfessorLialsopointedoutthatwemustchewourfoodwellbeforeswallowingit.（词

性:意思:）

三、单句填空请在下列句子中填入一个适当的词或用所给词的正确形式填空。共25

小题，每小题1分，满分25分。

1._c（onfront）withthesedifficulties,whatyouneedissomethinglikestrengthor

_________（brave）.

2.itwasmyturntoperform,Iwalkedtothepianoas（calm）as

possible,satdown,tookadeep（breathe）andplayedthefirstpart.

3.Tobebrief,nomatterwhoyouareandyouaredoing,youshouldhaveyour

dreamsandholdontobecausetheygiveyouchances（taste）success.

4.Beingabletostoreandprocesslargeamountofinformation,thecomputer

bringsgreatconvenienceandhighefficiencytopeople.

5.Besides,studyingabroadcannotonly（broad）theirhorizonsbutalso

(deep)theirunderstandingofthecultureandcustomsinthatcountry.

6.Myfingergotbadly(bum),nowitbecomes(swell).

7.Ialmostburiedmyselfbookseveryday,(go)overeveryrequired

subjectanddoingalotofexercises.

8.They(emphasis)thattheyhavebeenkeptbusytheirstudyandhave

notimetosparefortheoutdooractivities.

9.We(tell)thatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatweek,forthe

weekafter.

10.Atlast,hehadnochoicebut(admit)hismistake.

11.(base)onmypersonalexperience,weareabletoachievesuccess

meansofworkinghard.

12.IthinkofthewonderfultwoweeksIspentinAustralia,Ijustcan'thelp

(think)ofbothofyou.

13.Peopleterribleandmessed-uphandwritingwillbeeasilyconsideredas

(care)andirresponsibleguys.

14.isadvisabletokeepalittlefoodinreserveincaseemergency.

15.Howdoyouwishtopayyourbill,sir,cashorbycreditcard?

16.Nobodycan(casual)succeed,itcomesfromthethoroughself-controlandthe

will.

17.Itistruethatwemustredoubleefforts;otherwisewecannotcatchup

thedevelopedcountries.

18.Recentlysurveyhasbeendonetofindoutthecauseobesity

amonghighschoolstudents.

19.Doctorsareunderstandably(caution)aboutthisnewtreatment.

20.TheChinesecommunityhereareshootingofffireworkscelebrationofthe

ChineseNewYear.

21.__iscertainthatthecomputerhasdeeplychangedourlivesandour

_________(social).

22.Insomecases,whatcomeseasyforyouisperhaps(challenge)forothers.

23.1havebecome(cheer)nowandaboveallIhaveregainedself-confidence.

24.Andtheresttakenonoticeofit,（say）,toobeytheschoolruleistheonlybest

（choose）.

25.Inyourletter,Iknowthatyouboughtadictionaryalotofproblems,andour

workerschargeofthedepartmentweresorudetoyou,broughtyoulotsof

trouble.

四、词组句型请根据汉语提示完成下列英文句子。共25小题，每小题1分，满分25

分。

1.Iamgreatlyassuredthatthegrandlanternfestivalparadewill（一定）

impressyou.

2.Asastudent,youaresupposedto（摆脱/放弃）thebadhabitsofsmoking

anddrinking.

3.Theglobalfinancialcrisis（爆发）in2008,whichcausedserious

economicslideandincreasedjobloss.

4.Itisreportedthatscientists（已经取得了重大突破）inthetreatmentof

thedisease.

5.AsaSenior3student,thegreatpressurefromstudymademenearly（喘

不过气来）.

6.（简而言之），withwillingnesstoshareouropinions,wecanskillfully

handletherelationshipwithparents.

7.Theway（我们被抚养长大），andourculturalbackground,willvery

muchinfluencehowwefeelaboutexpressinganger.

8.Themoreshethought,theworseshefelt,untilfinallyshe（突然哭起来）.

9.Inordertocompletethetaskinadvance,she（一直忙于工作）ihework

thesedays.

10.Thesearemyprivateaffairs;theyare（不管你的事）.

11.Ithinksociety（需要）heroes.Fightingagainstcrimesisnotjustthejob

ofthepolice.Itisthedutyofeverycitizen.

12.Whenyouarenervousinanexamination,itisagoodchoiceto（深呼吸）

and（镇定下来），andthencarryonwiththepaper.

13.Withtheworkdone,thestudents（竖起）severalboardstoremindthe

visitorsto（照料）theflowersandtrees.

14.Recentlywehave（进行了）asurvey—“Towhomdoyougowhenin

trouble?^^Theresultsare（如下）.

15.Wemaycometoaconclusionthatmodestyisofgreatsignificanceinourlifeand

（决不）shoulditbeoutofdate.

16.Asaproverbgoes,（说话要谨慎）andbecarefulwithbehavior.

17.Youshouldnever（冒险）whendrivingacar.

18.Asweallknow,sheisastubborngirl,soIprobablywon'thaveanychanceto

（改变她的主意）.

19.IfIwas（主管/负责）aschool,Iwouldalsobeverystrictwithstudents

whodon'tbehave