2023年高考英语真题题源解密（全国卷）专题06 完形填空（记叙文）（原卷版）

专题06完形填空（记叙文）(2023.全国乙卷完形填空)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe____21____best.Shehadto___22___herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay____23____tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto____24____wavesonherboard.Butitwas____25____totaketheleap(飞跃),however____26____itwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe____27____about1,200milesawayfromhome,to____28____withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever____29____andeverythingwasnewtoher.AsitturnedoutDouglasdid____30____whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe____31____twoRussians.TheChinesecoach____32____Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsinthe____33____,helpingherskyrocketfroman____34____memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By____35____theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She____36____thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt____37____allalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago,MarthaKarolythecoordinator(联络人)ofthewomen’snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit____38____tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethought____39____thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames-andwin.“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople,”shesaid.“I’mreadyto____40____.”Andshineshedid.21.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew22.A.takeup B.packup C.cleanup D.doup23.A.goodbye B.hello C.thanks D.no24.A.cause B.observe C.ride D.strike25.A.common B.time C.fun D.tough26.A.breathtaking B.heartbreaking C.eye-catching D.head-spinning27.A.droppedout B.movedon C.pulledover D.wentoff28.A.reason B.talk C.compete D.train29.A.met B.helped C.understood D.needed30.A.approximately B.gradually C.exactly D.possibly31.A.defeated B.pleased C.respected D.assisted32.A.forced B.transformed C.persuaded D.put33.A.world B.city C.team D.state34.A.amateur B.elected C.average D.enthusiastic35.A.clarifying B.defending C.winning D.demanding36.A.followed B.organized C.watched D.led37.A.confident B.nervous C.excited D.uneasy38.A.viewed B.appeared C.mattered D.took39.A.nowandthen B.moreandmore C.farandwide D.onandon40.A.shine B.fly C.dance D.score(2023.全国甲卷完形填空)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirsttimewe___21___there,weheardthechugchug-chugofamotorbike___22___itswaydownthehilltowardus.Itwas___23___calledMario,comingto___24___usaboxcontainingsometormatoesandabottleofwine.Itwasaverynice___25___forhimtomake.Butwhenwelookedatthetomatoes,wewere___26___becausetheyweresomisshapen:notatalllikethenice,round,___27___thingsyougetinasupermarket.Andthewinewascloudy,inafunnyoldbottlewithnolabel(标签)onit.Thesecan’tbeany___28___,wethought.Butwewere___29___hiskindness,sowe___30___them.Whatwediscoveredisthatit’s___31___tojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits___32___.Thosetomatoeshad___33___thatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.Nowadayssupermarkettomatoes___34___perfectbuttasteofwater.Nobody’sgoingtohavea___35___memoryofthose.It’sasurprisetheyhaven’tmanagedtogrowsquareonessothattheycan___36___themeasily.Mario’swinemayhavebeencloudyandcomeoutofanoldbottle,butitwas___37___.It’sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime,whenthey’re___38___,andascloseaspossibletowheretheywere___39___.WhatMariohad___40___uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana.21.A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed22.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling23.A.customer B.neighbor C.relative D.passenger24.A.lend B.send C.bring D.show25.A.choice B.comment C.promise D.gesture26.A.worried B.moved C.thrilled D.bored27.A.simple B.real C.shiny D.fun28.A.more B.good C.new D.easy29.A.sympatheticto B.thankfulfor C.cautiousabout D.interestedin30.A.tried B.sold C.returned D.mixed31.A.unnecessary B.uncertain C.unwise D.unusual32.A.appearance B.quality C.origin D.price33.A.size B.shape C.color D.taste34.A.smell B.look C.become D.work35A.happy B.vivid C.short D.vague36.A.clean B.check C.count D.pack37.A.perfect B.useful C.convenient D.familiar38.A.onview B.onsale C.inseason D.inneed39.A.finished B.stored C.found D.grown40.A.cooked B.given C.bought D.told【命题意图】今年高考英语试卷完形填空全国乙卷和甲卷都是记叙文围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境，命题人强调情境化设计，紧密联系学生日常生活实际，扩展素材选取范围，在问题情境中考查学生核心素养的发展水平，推动关键能力和核心素养在教学和考试中的落实。不仅注重知识及能力的考查，而且考查学生的文化意识及思维品质。2023.全国乙卷完形填空讲述了美国体操运动员GabbyDouglas为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训练下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。旨在培养学生的坚韧不拔的品质，同时促进学生的不屈不挠的精神和勇于挑战困难的精神。2023.全国甲卷完形填空讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。该语篇旨在引导学生要看问题的本质不要注重事物的外表，在实践中养成辨别是非习惯。以及培养培养学亲自动手实践活动的习惯,让学生通过体验生活，对学生的认知影响深远。【考查要点】2023.全国乙卷完形填空讲述主要考查学生的词义辨析的能力。其中动词词义辨析在完形填空中占有较大的比重，比如完形填空第21,22,24,27,28,29,31,32,36,40小题都是动词词义辨析，名词词义辨析有23,25,33小题，形容词词义辨析有26,34,37小题，短语词义辨析有39小题，副词词义辨析有30小题。2023.全国甲卷完形填空主要考查学生的词义辨析能力。比如动词词义辨析有21,22,24,30,34,36,39,40小题名词词义辨析有23,25,32,33小题，形容词词义辨析有26,27,28,29,31,35,37小题，介词短语辨析有38小题【课标链接】依据新课程标准阅读理解部分试题考查的就是对语篇重要细节信息和关键信息的理解和推断能力。深入考查基础语言知识旨在引导中学教学依据课程标准，帮助学生掌握语音、词汇、语法、语篇和语用等基础语言知识，了解基础文化知识；引导学生深入学习和理解语篇所表达的主题意义，养成一定的语言意识和英语语感。（2022·全国·高考真题）Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.Their1wasnearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbay.Nearly.Lastyear,Istarteddating,butwith2.WhenIfirstdatedSteve,I3hehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwas4thathewasananimallover,I5thatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack6,thecat.Thenextweekwe7ourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchour8,Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)?Ilikedhimtoo,butso9?Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.10,Ibegantofallforhim.We11todate,thoughneitherofusbroughtupthefuture.AndtheninlateNovember,Tillyhadanoperationonher12.Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,andIworriedthatTilly13climbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.ThenSteve14hishouse.Allworked15.Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching,16Flora’sspace;SteveandIformedagoodteam17forTilly.Wemadegoodhousemates.Ayearlater,muchtomy18,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down,nordidI19himto.That’sonlyforgiving20tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.1．A．ownership B．membership C．companionship D．leadership2．A．reservations B．expectations C．confidence D．prejudice3．A．feared B．doubted C．hoped D．learned4．A．unsatisfied B．amused C．terrified D．thrilled5．A．predicted B．worried C．regretted D．insisted6．A．Flora B．Chance C．Molly D．Tilly7．A．tied B．walked C．bathed D．fed8．A．breath B．balance C．attention D．imagination9．A．calm B．sure C．soon D．real10．A．Bytheway B．Inthatcase C．Byallmeans D．Inthatmoment11．A．continued B．decided C．intended D．pretended12．A．eye B．tail C．ear D．leg13．A．secretly B．constantly C．eventually D．unwillingly14．A．left B．sold C．suggested D．searched15．A．late B．hard C．fine D．free16．A．emptied B．respected C．occupied D．discovered17．A．looking B．caring C．waiting D．calling18．A．delight B．credit C．interest D．disadvantage19．A．beg B．trust C．need D．aid20．A．toys B．awards C．food D．water（2021·全国·高考真题）Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa21justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent22ofgratitude(感谢).Mythoughtsweresoon23.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas24fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while25togetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas26discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,27theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though28,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.Shewas29foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher30atherrecovery.Asshewas31shewaseagertosay32toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe33onenurse,shetriedtopressafive-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague34toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust35ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen36:“Ohthisisn’tforthe37Ihad.Itakethatasa38.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday.”

Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,39livesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisan40andshouldberewarded.21．A．cleaner B．chemist C．nurse D．doctor22．A．grades B．meanings C．needs D．expectations23．A．brushedaside B．puttothetest C．broughtunderdiscussion D．takenintoaccount24．A．departing B．escaping C．retiring D．recovering25．A．attempting B．choosing C．pausing D．promising26．A．eventually B．fortunately C．casually D．secretly27．A．assessing B．requiring C．forming D．proving28．A．slightly B．accidentally C．slowly D．happily29．A．grateful B．thoughtful C．sorrowful D．fearful30．A．surprise B．delight C．curiosity D．disappointment31．A．operating B．thinking C．hesitating D．leaving32．A．sorry B．hello C．goodbye D．yes33．A．reached B．consulted C．introduced D．persuaded34．A．wished B．pretended C．failed D．refused35．A．enjoying B．doing C．securing D．starting36．A．repeated B．recited C．replied D．reported37．A．courage B．patience C．duty D．care38．A．goal B．given C．push D．greeting39．A．risking B．changing C．saving D．building40．A．honour B．ability C．opening D．extra分析近三年的高考试题，可以发现完形填空都是考查记叙文，或夹叙夹议的文章，但是每年的话题侧重点不同，如：2022·全国·高考真题完形填空是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生爱意，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。2021·全国·高考真题完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人的故事，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。对于2024年高考完形填空的预测，很可能仍然会是记人与叙事相结合，话题可能涉及到户外探险、环境保护、志愿者活动、励志奋斗、亲情友谊和家庭关系等主题相关，需重点让学生关注这些方面内容信息。完形填空题除考查词汇、语法等语言知识和运用能力之外，在一定程度上也考查高三学生阅读、理解英语短文并用来进行逻辑推理、综合判断、分析归纳的能力。完形填空也是历届高考必有的题型之一，所占分值比例较大，并且由于在试卷中所处的位置较前，因此如何能在短时间内更好的完成这类试题对考生的影响较大：完形填空做得好，则考生对后面的试题就越有信心。根据近三年高考英语完形填空命题规律，我们总结了一下应试技巧。应试技巧一：语境信息解题法：近几年的完形填空题淡化了语法结构性的题，选项重在语意干扰，也就是说，对具体的语言知识应该融入具体的语境中去考虑，考生应具有通过上下文提示、暗示或铺垫，对篇章进行整体上的把握的能力。所以，快速浏览全文，迅速领悟篇章主旨，通过上下文语境选择答案选项乃解决完形填空的关键。应试技巧二：语法结构法：高考完形填空题基本都是在语境中考查考生对语法知识的掌握程度，单纯考查这类题很少。而在完形填空题中考察语法项目的主要是动词的各种时态、语态和语气、谓语和非谓语形式等。所以这类题需要考生有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句式的结构上辨别出须填相关的关联词、连词、副词、形容词或相应的动词，当然还要考虑到主谓一致的关系等语法知识要点。不过，切记解答这类题，必须是任何空格的语法正确的前提下，再考虑其他方面因素。应试技巧三：复现解题法：这类题多为同义词、近义词和反义词的复现或同义词、近义词和反义词异形复现的形式。这种测试手法主要是考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能力。应试技巧四：固定搭配解题法：这类题与语法结构题有点类似，但主要惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。应试技巧五：逻辑语气解题法：这类题主要是通过分了解全文的人物、时间、地点等信息之后，再分析句子与句子之间的关系，段落与段落之间的关系来解题。这种逻辑语气主要包含并列、递进、因果、转折和委婉语气等等。这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。应试技巧六：利用文化背景和生活常识解题法：高考完型填空题的命题形式均为独立的语篇形式，并交织和渗透着各类相关的常识与文化背景知识。这类题主要是考查考生应该把握的英美国家的文化背景知识和生活常识，但是一旦将这些知识放到具体的场合中进行考查时，有些考生可能就不会灵活地加以运用他们所学过的知识。因此在解题时，考生所学的语言知识和其他有关英美国家的文化背景知识在考试中都会发挥重要作用，唯有在无法准确把握语言知识时，可充分利用所学的社会知识和科普知识进行语境判断。四步骤解决完形填空完形填空做不好的原因主要包括文章理解不深刻;做题方法不正确;训练方法不得当。做高考完形填空的口决是：把握全文明主线;固定搭配记心间;原词再现莫错过;上下求索是关键。为了使同学们在完形填空上有重大的突破，本文建议大家用“练、核、填、读”这“四字诀”来进行高考完形填空的备考。1．征服高考英语完形填空步骤一：练练指“做题”。做高考完形填空题一定要使用正确的方法。练习的过程也分四步：第一步是跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意。第一遍读文章时不要做题，而是跳过空格，通读试题所给的要填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。一定要在理解短文意思的基础上才能开始做题。读第一遍时要注意先读懂文章的首句和末句，因为这两句往往是没有被挖空的句子。第二步是结合选项，综合考虑，初选答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合所给备选项再次细读全文。注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示。以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构人手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项，初步选定答案。第三步是易后难，瞻前顾后，各个击破。对比较明显、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，提高选择的正确率。必须借助上下文的一些暗示才能正确解题。第四步是复读全文，逐空验证，弥补疏漏。做完所有的空格后，把所选的答案补入空格中，把文章通读一遍，逐空认真复查，看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法，发现误选的答案或有疑问的、不清楚的答案，再次推敲，作出修正。2．征服高考英语完形填空步骤二：核这里所说的“核”指的是“核对答案”。核对答案时要注意根据上下文的逻辑来做题这一精髓。核对答案后要特别注意做错的题目，分析做错的原因，这样可以避免今后再犯同样的错误。这一步相信大家都很清楚，这里就不再多作说明。3．征服高考英语完形填空步骤三：填这里所说的“填”，指的是“填空”，即不看答案，考生自己再读文章，利用上下文的逻辑关系，根据先易后难的原则，把空格补充完整。这种填空的训练有利于培养考生良好的思维习惯，有利于训练考生的逻辑思维能力，有利于提高考生的“断句恢复能力”，有利于加强考生的语篇理解和把握能力以及词语的应用能力。考生每周应坚持做2～3道高考真题的完形填空。经过几个月的训练后，考生完形填空的做题能力肯定会大大提高。4．征服高考英语完形填空步骤四：读这里所说的“读”指的是“熟读”。填好的短文要读5遍以上，达到熟练的程度。熟读的目的是培养语感，积累语言材料。语感形成了，头脑中积累的语言材料丰富了之后，完形填空的做题能力在无形中也就有效地提高了。总之，让学生掌握了这些方法和技能，对完形填空就能迎刃而解了。（2023·江西·江西师大附中校考三模）I’mabirdlover.I’ve1alotofphotographsofbirds,amongwhichisaphotographofahawk(鹰)thatIreallylike.Iknowwhenyou2aphotographofahawk,yourfirstthoughtsarenotof3.Butwithoutit,thisphotographwouldnot4.Earlyonemorning,IdrovetoDaculato5thebirdsatLittleMulberryPark.Iarrivedwellbeforesunrise,soIwaitedinmycaruntilfinallyitstartedtoget6.Igotoutofmycarandimmediatelyheardthegeesemakingallkindsofnoisefromthe7.AsI8aroundabend,Istoppedin9.Therebeforemewasabeautifulred-shoulderedhawksittingonapost.Istartedphotographinghim,andthenheardthe10ofjoggersbehindme.Iturnedandaskediftheywould11waitingorwalkingontheothersideoftheroadsotheywouldnot12thehawkoff.Iwasdeeply13whentheysaidtheycouldgointheotherdirection.Theroadis2.2milesaroundthelake,andthey14andranintheotherdirection!Another15cameup,andIsaidIwassorry.WhenIturnedtothankhimfor16,hehadalreadystartedtorunintheotherdirectiontoo.Becausethejoggerswerekindenoughto17thatforme,Iwasabletophotographthehawkfor20minutes.Thefirsttwojoggershadactuallyjoggedthewholeroadandwere18towhereIfirstmetthem.Ithankedthemagain.Iamthankfulthatthejoggersshowedkindnesstome.Itwassomethingso19,butitmeantgettingmyshot.Theywerewillingtoputmebefore20.1．A．bought B．found C．taken D．checked2．A．searchfor B．lookat C．sendout D．preparefor3．A．kindness B．weakness C．confidence D．wisdom4．A．develop B．exist C．help D．continue5．A．compare B．train C．protect D．photograph6．A．warmer B．colder C．lighter D．darker7．A．sea B．street C．outside D．lake8．A．walked B．drove C．stood D．rode9．A．amazement B．puzzlement C．trouble D．peace10．A．complaints B．footsteps C．suggestions D．departure11．A．avoid B．delay C．enjoy D．mind12．A．see B．keep C．scare D．fight13．A．inspired B．touched C．embarrassed D．astonished14．A．steppedforward B．turnedleft C．steppedout D．turnedaround15．A．jogger B．driver C．birdlover D．photographer16．A．coming B．returning C．waiting D．running17．A．say B．do C．leave D．hold18．A．up B．inside C．away D．back19．A．small B．unique C．brilliant D．practical20．A．others B．everything C．themselves D．everybody（2023·河南·校联考模拟预测）KristinSchellisthefounderofTheTurquoiseTable(绿松石桌),amovementofordinarypeoplewhowanttocreatecommunityrightintheirownfrontyards.Tenyearsago,Kristinandherfamily21toanewhomeinTexas.Oneday.Kristinneededsomebackyardfurnitureforapartyand22afewpicnictablesfromagrocerystore.Onetablewaslaidinherfrontyard23.Aftertheparty,shepaintedthetableturquoise—her24color—andputitinthefrontyardgladly.25,thatturquoisetablebecametheplacewhereKristinandherkidshungout.Neighborsbegantostopbyto26themselvesandsitdownforachat.Kristin27peopletojoinheratthetableforcoffeeoricedtea.Constructionworkersonjobsinthe28tooktheirlunchbreaksatthetable.Atiredbabysitterwalkingbysatdownfor29.ThenneighborsaskedKristiniftheirfamilycouldputapicnictableintheirfrontyard,too.A(n)30wasborn.“Peopleoften31toinviteothersintotheirhomes.Theythinktheirhouseistoo32ortheydon’thaveenoughtime.”Kristinsays.Herpicnictabletakesawaythe33andthepressure.“Hospitality(好客)doesn’talwaysmean34peoplewithamealorabigparty.Atthepicnictable,allIhavetodois35,”shesays.Shelikeshowit36hertotakeasmallsteptowardeasing37andbuildingrelationshipsinhercommunity.AdecadeaftertheirTexasbeginnings,thousandsofTurquoiseTables38inallstatesandin13countriesaroundtheworld.Notallofthemare39turquoise.Nomatterwhatcoloritis,it’sa40table.21．A．cycled B．returned C．moved D．traveled22．A．exchanged B．accepted C．discovered D．purchased23．A．inadvance B．bymistake C．intime D．onpurpose24．A．favorite B．original C．strange D．new25．A．Hopefully B．Similarly C．Unexpectedly D．Fortunately26．A．defend B．prepare C．express D．introduce27．A．allowed B．invited C．advised D．encouraged28．A．company B．countryside C．city D．neighborhood29．A．shelter B．relaxation C．safety D．pleasure30．A．movement B．miracle C．organization D．business31．A．hesitate B．pretend C．prefer D．offer32．A．distant B．quiet C．messy D．beautiful33．A．doubts B．excuses C．results D．topics34．A．attracting B．cheating C．surprising D．entertaining35．A．showup B．dressup C．ringup D．cheerup36．A．trains B．instructs C．enables D．forces37．A．poverty B．loneliness C．disappointment D．failure38．A．change B．melt C．disappear D．exist39．A．actually B．probably C．specially D．obviously40．A．dream B．family C．friendship D．schoolwork（2023·四川成都·石室中学校考模拟预测）Withnothingbuthersmallboatforcompany,BritishlawyerVictoriaEvanssucceededincrossingtheAtlanticOcean.The35-year-old414,740kilometersin40daysand19hours,42againsthighwinds,bigwavesandlackofsleepto43thefastestfemalesolo(单人)rowacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Despiteexperienci