河南省顶级名校2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）VIP

PAGEPAGE1河南省顶级名校2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhereisprobablySuenow?A.Athome.B.AtBill’shome.C.Attheoffice.2.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thecoursewillbechallenging.B.Thepoetryclassisverypopular.C.Dr.Wilsoniseasytogetalongwith.3.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Heplayedbasketball.B.Hetookatrip.C.Hewatchedagame.4.Whenwasthefireputout?A.At5:00a.m.B.At3:00a.m.C.At2:00a.m.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Startafire.B.Lookoutofthewindow.C.Puthiscigaretteintheashtray.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6.7题。6.WhatdoesJackhavetodoat10:00a.m.?A.Attendalecture.B.Catchabus.C.Repairhisbike.7.Howdoestheboyusuallygotoschool?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whywillthewomangodowntown?A.Tohavelunch.B.Toseehersister.C.Togoshopping.9.Whatisthewoman’ssister?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Ashopassistant.10.Whatgiftdoesthemanrecommend?A.Somebooks.B.Someflowers.C.Someclothes.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Intheman’soffice.C.Inthewoman’shome.12.Whatdayisittoday?A.Tuesday.B.Thursday.C.Saturday.13.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.HandherjobovertoJoe.B.Lookforababysitter.C.Gohomeatonce.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Wheredidtherobberyhappen?A.Inastore.B.Outsideabank.C.Atthewoman’shouse.15.Whatdidthemanwhoaskedthetimelooklike?A.Hewastallandstrong.B.Hewasoldandfat.C.Hewasshortandthin.16.Whatcolorwasthejacketthemanwhoaskedthetimewore?A.Brown.B.Gray.C.Black.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhenwillAnswerThatbeonTV?A.OnMondays.B.OnThursdays.C.OnSaturdays.18.Howmanyteenagersarethereontheprogrameveryweek?A.6.B.8.C.48.19.Whatprizewillthewinnersgetthisweek?A.Acamera.B.Alaptop.C.ATV.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Answeringteenagers’questions.B.AdvertisinganewTVquizshow.C.Explainingtherulesofanewgame.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourFreeMobileAppstoHelpYouLearnEnglishFasterHaveyourealisedthatyoucanputyoursmartphonetoreallygooduseforlearningEnglish?Hereare4freemobileappsthatwillhelpyoudojustthat.HelloEnglishItcoversalltheaspectsoflanguagelearning,includingvocabulary,translation,grammar,spelling,speakingandreadingskills.ItusesinteractivegamestoteachdifferentEnglishlessonsandoffersnewaudiobooks,thelatestnews,andbooks.However,youshouldalreadyunderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandthealphabet,fortheappcan'thelpyoulearnEnglishfromscratch（从零开始）.DuolingoIfyouwanttolearnEnglishfromscratch,thenthisistheappyouarelookingfor,DuolingousesinteractivegamestohelpyoulearnEnglish.Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.LingbeIfyouarereadytopractiseyourspokenskillsinthereal-worldcommunication,you'llneedLingbe.It'sacommunity-basedappwherepeoplehelpeachotherandsharetheirnativelanguages.ItconnectsyouwithrealpeopleoncallwhoarenativeEnglishspeakers.HelloTalkHelloTalkissimilartoLingbeasitconnectsyouwithnativespeakerstohelpimproveyourlanguageskills.However,itaddsafewextrafunctionsthatmightinterestyou.Youcanviewtheinformationaboutuserstofindamatchthatinterestsyou.Additionally,youcanalsosendtextandaudiomessages,andevenmakevideocallswithotherpeople.Ifyouareabeginner,startfromDuolingoandthenuseHelloEnglishtohaveagoodcommandofthelanguage.ForfluentspokenEnglishlearners,youcantryoutLingbeorHelloTalk.1.WhatshouldyoualreadyunderstandtouseHelloEnglish?A.Goodreadingandwritingskills.B.Basiclisteningandspeakingtips.C.DifferentEnglishlessonsandbooks.D.Englishlettersandbasicstructures.2.WhichappisthebestchoiceforanEnglishbeginneratfirst?A.HelloEnglish. B.Duolingo.C.Lingbe. D.HelloTalk.3.WhatcanyoudoonLingbe?A.Readthelatestnews.B.Enjoytheinteractivegames.C.PractiseyourspokenEnglish.D.Talkwithnativespeakersface-to-face.〖答案〗1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款免费学习英语的手机应用程序。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据HelloEnglish标题下的“However,youshouldalreadyunderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandthealphabet,fortheappcan'thelpyoulearnEnglishfromscratch.(然而，你应该已经了解了基本的英语结构和字母表，因为该应用程序不能帮助你从头开始学习英语)”可知，使用HelloEnglish的人需要已理解基本的英语结构和英语字母，故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Duolingo标题下的“IfyouwanttolearnEnglishfromscratch,thenthisistheappyouarelookingfor.(如果你想从头开始学习英语，那么这就是你正在寻找的应用程序)”和“Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.(对于初学者，该应用程序重点帮助您学习动词、短语和句子)”和文章最后一段中的“Ifyouareabeginner,startfromDuolingo(如果你是初学者，从Duolingo开始)”可知，Duolingo最适合英语初学者在刚开始学习英语的时候使用，故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Lingbe标题下的“Ifyouarereadytopractiseyourspokenskillsinthereal-worldcommunication,you'llneedLingbe.(如果你已经准备好在现实世界中练习口语技能，你就需要Lingbe)”可知，你可以在Lingbe上练习英语口语，故选C项。BHollyCookewasn’tafanofweekends.WheneverFridayrolledaround,itwasareminderthatshehadnoonetospendhersparetimewith.“Iwaslonely,”saidCooke,whorelocatedfromStoke-on-Trent—acityincentralEngland—toLondonwhenshewas22.“Imovedhereknowingnoone.”Shehadhighhopesofgoingtorestaurants,barsandthetheaterasshehaddonebefore,butshedidn’twanttodothoseactivitiesalone.“Iwasdesiringcommunity:peoplewhowantedtohangoutandhavefun,”saidCooke,now26.Shegrewsoeagerforcompany,shesaidthatsheeventuallyfoundherselfGoogling:“HowtomakefriendsinLondon.”Thesearchprovedfutile,thoughshefoundafewotherwomenwhowerealsolonelyinLondononsomesocialmediaapps.CookedecidedtocreateaFacebookgroupcalled“TheLondonLonelyGirlsClub,”andinvitedthepeoplesheconnectedwithontheappstojoin.Shethenaskedeveryonetomeetforbrunch(早午餐).“Itwassodifficult,”shesaid,addingthatsheaskedafriendfromoutoftowntocomeinforthebrunch,incasenooneelseshowedup.“Sayingthatyou’relonelyandyoudon’thavepeoplearound,admittingtothatwasreallyscary.”Cookewaspleasantlysurprisedwhenfivewomenshowedupandtheyallgotalongwell.Thisprovedshewasnotaloneinherloneliness,andthatshecouldhelpothersinthesamesituation.Shedecidedtostartplanningmeetupseveryfewweeks,andwordslowlyspreadabouttheFacebookgroup.Now,fiveyearslater,theLondonLonelyGirlsClubhasmorethan35,000members.Cookesaidshelostcountofhowmanywomenhavemadelastingfriendshipsthroughhergroup.“It’sbeautifulandrewarding,andit’sthereasonI’vecarriedon,”shesaid.“Aslongasthereisaneed,wewillbehere.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutHollyCooke?A.Shewasalonebecauseofbeingaddictedtosocialmediaapps.B.Shegotusedtothelifestyleofbeingaloneonweekends.C.ShehadlittletimetomakefriendsaftermovingtoLondon.D.SheusedtomeetfriendsonweekendswheninStoke-on-Trent.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“futile”inparagraph3mean?A.Unsuccessful. B.Unstoppable.C.Unusual. D.Unclear.6.WhydidHollyCookeaskafriendfromoutoftowntocometothebrunch?A.Shewantedtohaveanoptionalplanincaseitdidn’twork.B.Shewantedtointroduceherfriendtotheotherwomen.C.Sheneededsomeonetohelphertoorganizethemeetup.D.Shewasafraidthatnooneelsewouldcomeasplanned.7.WhatdoweknowabouttheLondonLonelyGirlsClub?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Itisnotrewarding.C.Itislesscreative. D.Itisnotfruitful.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在伦敦定居的霍莉·库克（HollyCooke），由于没有朋友而感到孤单，于是她创立了“伦敦孤独女孩俱乐部”帮助自己和其他女性找朋友，并取得了成功。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的““Iwaslonely,”saidCooke,whorelocatedfromStoke-on-Trent—acityincentralEngland—toLondonwhenshewas22.“Imovedhereknowingnoone.”Shehadhighhopesofgoingtorestaurants,barsandthetheaterasshehaddonebefore,butshedidn’twanttodothoseactivitiesalone.(“我很孤独，”库克说，她22岁时从英格兰中部城市特伦特河畔斯托克搬到了伦敦。“我搬到这里时不认识任何人。”她对像以前一样去餐馆、酒吧和剧院寄予厚望，但她不想一个人做这些活动)”可推知，库克在英格兰中部城市特伦特河畔斯托克的时候经常和朋友们出去聚会。故选D。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Shegrewsoeagerforcompany,shesaidthatsheeventuallyfoundherselfGoogling:“HowtomakefriendsinLondon.”Thesearchprovedfutile,thoughshefoundafewotherwomenwhowerealsolonelyinLondononsomesocialmediaapps.(她说，她越来越渴望有人陪伴，最终发现自己在谷歌上搜索：“如何在伦敦交朋友。”事实证明，搜索大多是futile，尽管她在一些社交媒体应用程序上发现了其他一些在伦敦也很孤独的女性)”可知，库克想要通过网上搜索找朋友的结果并不成功，所以futile的意思应该是“不成功的，徒劳的”。A.Unsuccessful不成功的；B.Unstoppable不可阻挡的；C.Unusual不寻常的；D.Unclear不清楚的。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的““Itwassodifficult,”shesaid,addingthatsheaskedafriendfromoutoftowntocomeinforthebrunch,incasenooneelseshowedup.(“这太难了，”她说，并补充说，她请一位外地朋友来吃早午餐，以防没有其他人出现)”可知，库克请一位外地朋友来吃早午餐，以防没有其他人出现。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Now,fiveyearslater,theLondonLonelyGirlsClubhasmorethan35,000members.(如今，五年过去了，伦敦孤独女孩俱乐部拥有35000多名会员)”可推知，伦敦孤独女孩俱乐部很受大家的欢迎。故选A。CIt’softensaidthatwehumanbeingscandreaminaforeignlanguage.Coulddreaminginaforeignlanguageimproveourmemory?Doesdreaminginaforeignlanguagemeanwearemakingprogressinlearningthatlanguage?Beforewelookatmultilingual(多语言)dreams,firstweneedtolookatsleep.Theconnectionbetweensleepandlanguagecanbeappliedtohowwelearnanylanguage,includingournativelanguage.Evenadultsstilllearnaboutonenewwordeverytwodaysintheirfirstlanguage.But,ifwearegoingtorememberthatnewwordbetter,whatmattersisthatweneedtoconnectitwithwhatwehavelearned.Andinordertodothat,we“needtohavesomesleep”,saysGarethGaskell,aprofessorattheUniversityofYork.It’sduringsleepthattheintegration(整合)ofoldandnewknowledgehappens.Atmight,onepartofourbrain—thehippocampus—takeswhatevernewinformationitreceivesduringthedayandpassesitontootherpartsofthebraintobestored.Therolethatdreamsplayinthisnight-timelearningprocessisstillbeingstudied,but“it’sentirelypossiblethatduringmultilingualdreams,thebrainistryingtoconnectthetwolanguages”,saysMarc,aresearcheratauniversityinBern,Switzerland.Sohavingmultilingualdreamscouldmeanthatourbrainistryingtorememberanewwordorphrase.However,itcouldalsohaveanemotional(情感)significance.Danuta,aprofessorofpsycholinguisticsattheUniversityofSilesiainPoland,suggeststhatmultilingualdreamscanexpress“fearsorwishes”aroundlearningaforeignlanguage,includingthewishtobealocalspeakerortobeacceptedwithinacertaincommunity.Weclearlystillhavealottolearnaboutmultilingualdreams,butonethingseemscertain:ifyou’retryingtolearnanewlanguage,youcansleeponit.8.Whydoestheauthormentionquestionsinparagraph1?A.Tocomparedifferentideas. B.Tointroducethemaintopic.C.Topresentdifferenttypesofdreams. D.Todiscussthehumanlanguageability.9.Whatisthekeyelementinmemorizinganewwordaccordingtothetext?A.Theothernewwords. B.Thenativelanguage.C.Thegainedknowledge. D.Thespeakingpractice.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutmultilingualdreams?A.Theymayinfluencepeople’ssleepquality. B.Theycanreflectlanguage-learningfeelings.C.Theyarethebestoptiontolearnalanguage. D.Theyhelptoclearuptheuselessinformation.11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Anovel. B.Adiary. C.Aguidebook. D.Amagazine.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于如何学习任何语言，包括我们的母语。多语梦境中，大脑试图将两种语言联系起来，这有助于学习一门新的语言。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Coulddreaminginaforeignlanguageimproveourmemory?Doesdreaminginaforeignlanguagemeanwearemakingprogressinlearningthatlanguage?(用外语做梦能提高我们的记忆力吗？梦见一门外语是否意味着我们在学习这门语言方面取得了进步？)”和第二段“Theconnectionbetweensleepandlanguagecanbeappliedtohowwelearnanylanguage,includingournativelanguage.(睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于我们如何学习任何语言，包括我们的母语。)”以及下文的内容可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了介绍主题：睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于如何学习任何语言。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“But,ifwearegoingtorememberthatnewwordbetter,whatmattersisthatweneedtoconnectitwithwhatwehavelearned.(但是，如果我们要更好地记住新词，重要的是我们需要把它和我们学过的东西联系起来)”和第三段“Atmight,onepartofourbrain—thehippocampus—takeswhatevernewinformationitreceivesduringthedayandpassesitontootherpartsofthebraintobestored.(或许，我们大脑的一部分———海马体———接受白天接收到的任何新信息，并将其传递给大脑的其他部分进行存储。)”可知，根据文章记忆新单词的关键要素是已经获得的知识，把新单词和所学过的东西联系起来就能计得更好。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Danuta,aprofessorofpsycholinguisticsattheUniversityofSilesiainPoland,suggeststhatmultilingualdreamscanexpress“fearsorwishes”aroundlearningaforeignlanguage,includingthewishtobealocalspeakerortobeacceptedwithinacertaincommunity.(波兰西里西亚大学心理语言学教授达努塔认为，多语言梦可以表达围绕学习外语的‘恐惧或愿望’，包括希望成为本地人或被某个社区接受)”可知，关于多语梦，我们能了解到它们能反映语言学习的感受。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于如何学习任何语言，包括我们的母语。多语梦境中，大脑试图将两种语言联系起来，这有助于学习一门新的语言。根据倒数第二段讲到“Danuta,aprofessorofpsycholinguisticsattheUniversityofSilesiainPoland,suggeststhatmultilingualdreamscanexpress“fearsorwishes”aroundlearningaforeignlanguage,includingthewishtobealocalspeakerortobeacceptedwithinacertaincommunity.(波兰西里西亚大学心理语言学教授达努塔认为，多语言梦可以表达围绕学习外语的‘恐惧或愿望’，包括希望成为本地人或被某个社区接受)”可知，本文是一篇有关于多语种梦境和语言学习之间的关系的文章，因此这篇文章最有可能来自一本杂志。故选D。DScientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtoknowwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.Researchersreportthesystemisabletotellthatlightningstrikesupto30minutesbeforetheyhappenwithina30-kilometerarea.Lightningisastrongburstofelectricityintheatmosphere.Sinceitcarriesanextremelypowerfulelectricalcharge(电荷),itcanbedestructiveanddeadly.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusesacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm(算法),whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.Theresearcherstest-ranthesystemseveraltimes.Theyfoundthatthesystemmadepredictionsthatprovedcorrectalmost80percentofthetime.“Itcannowbeusedanywhere,”theSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologysaidinastatement.TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionprogram.TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodproject.Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,takinglightningchargesfromcloudstotheground.Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes.Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather.12.Whywasthesystemdeveloped?A.Toprotectpeoplefromlightning.B.Toshowthepoweroflightning.C.Tokeeptrackoflightningdeaths.D.Tomeetkids’curiosityaboutlightning.13.Whatisspecialaboutthesystem?A.Itwasbasedonanumberofsamplesworldwide.B.Itadoptedadifferentmachinelearningalgorithm.C.Itusedaneffectivemethodofcollectingdata.D.Itrequiredlowcostofpredictinglightning.14.Whatwilltheresearchersdonextwiththelasertechnology?A.Monitorlightningactivity. B.Preventtheoccurrenceoflightning.C.Produceelectricitywithlightning. D.Directenergyfromlightning.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASystemofControllingLightning.B.ATheoryofExplainingLightning.C.AMethodofPredictingLightning.D.AModelofCreatingLightning.〖答案〗12.A13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们开发的一种能预测闪电的系统。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.(欧洲研究人员估计，全球每年有6000到24000人死于雷击。由于这个原因，气候科学家一直在寻找预测闪电的方法。)”可知，研究人员一直在寻找预测闪电的方法是因为每年都有很多人死于雷击；结合文章最后一段的“Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes.Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather.(他们希望这样的技术有一天能被用于防止雷击。可能的用途可能是在车站、机场或大量人群聚集的地方。)”可推知，研究人员开发这一系统的目的在于保护人们免受雷击。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm(算法),whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.(这些数据与四种主要地表条件有关：气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速，这些数据被放入一个独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。)”可知，气压、空气温度、相对湿度和风速等数据会放入到一种独特的机器学习算法中，并与雷击记录进行比较。由此可知，系统特殊在采用了一种独特的机器学习算法。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,takinglightningchargesfromcloudstotheground.(从事该项目的科学家们正在试验一种激光技术，该技术有朝一日可以控制闪电活动，将闪电电荷从云层带到地面。)”可知，科学家们正在研究一种激光技术，这种技术能控制闪电活动，将云层的闪电电荷带到地面上。由此可推知，有了激光技术后，科学家们下一步可能会把目标放在闪电产生的能量上。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，文章首段首句“Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtoknowwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.(科学家们表示，他们已经开发出一种使用机器来了解闪电何时何地会发生的系统。)”提出科学家们已经开发出一种用机器来了解闪电会在何时何地发生的系统；第二段介绍了开发该系统的原因；第三、四、五段介绍了该系统的工作原理和研究过程；最后一段介绍了该系统的研究现状。由此可知，本文主要介绍了这种能预测闪电的系统。C项“AMethodofPredictingLightning.”最能概括本文主旨。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoSurviveaTsunamiAtsunamiisaseriesofdestructiveanddangerouswavesthataretypicallycausedbyearthquakes.Ifyouliveinatsunamihazardregion,makesureyouknowwhattodointheunfortunateeventofatsunami.____16____1.Evacuateonfootifpossible.Bridgesandroadsmightbedamagedorblockedafteranearthquake.Whetherthereisanofficialtsunamiwarningoryouliveinatsunamihazardzoneandanearthquakejusthappened,immediatelystartmovingonfoot.____17____Thishelpsyouavoidgettingstuckinacarinadangerouslocation.2.____18____Insomecases,youmightnothavetimetoevacuate.Ifyoudon’thavetimetogetaway,gouptoathirdfloororhigherinastrongbuilding.Evenbetter,trytogetontheroofofthetallest,strongestbuildingyoucanfind.Ifyou’rerightonthecoast,theremightbeatalltsunamievacuationtowernearby.Lookforevacuationroutesignsandfollowthemtothetower,thenclimbtothetop.3.Grabsomethingfloatingifyou’reinthewater.Thiscanhelpkeepyousafeifyougetcaughtbyatsunami’swaves.____19____Grabtheobjectandholdontightlywhileyougetcarriedbythewaves.4.____20____Tsunamiactivitycancontinueforupto8hoursorlonger.Stayawayfromthecoastandonhighgroundforthisperiodtoplayitsafe.Listentoannouncementsfromofficialsandonlymovewhentheysayit’ssafetodoso.Youmaybestressedoutandworriedaboutlovedones,butyoumuststaywhereyouareandtrytoremaincalm.Don’tputyourlifeatrisktotrytomeetupwithsomeoneinanotherarea.A.Lookforaboattostayon.B.Walkorruntowardssafetyquickly.C.Stayinyoursafespotforatleast8hours.D.Climbtothetopofabuildingifyouaretrapped.E.Herearesomewaystoreactandsurviveatsunami.F.Lookforsomethingstronglikeatree,adoororaliferaft.G.Jointherescueteaminordertosearchforyourlovedones.〖答案〗16.E17.B18.D19.F20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在海啸中生存的方法。【16题详析】上文“Ifyouliveinatsunamihazardregion,makesureyouknowwhattodointheunfortunateeventofatsunami.(如果你生活在海啸危险地区，一定要知道万一发生海啸该怎么办)”说明你应该知道应对海啸的方法，E项“以下是一些应对海啸并在海啸中幸存下来的方法。”承接上文，并引出下文各个段落的内容，符合题意。故选E。【17题详析】上文“Whetherthereisanofficialtsunamiwarningoryouliveinatsunamihazardzoneandanearthquakejusthappened,immediatelystartmovingonfoot.(无论是有官方海啸警报，还是你生活在海啸危险区，刚刚发生地震，都要立即开始步行移动)”说明当海啸来临时，你应该采用步行的方式，B项“快速走或跑向安全地带。”进一步介绍应该步行前往安全地带，引出下文“这有助于你避免在危险的地方被困在车里。”，B项承上启下，符合题意。故选B。【18题详析】下文“Ifyoudon’thavetimetogetaway,gouptoathirdfloororhigherinastrongbuilding.Evenbetter,trytogetontheroofofthetallest,strongestbuildingyoucanfind.Ifyou’rerightonthecoast,theremightbeatalltsunamievacuationtowernearby.Lookforevacuationroutesignsandfollowthemtothetower,thenclimbtothetop.(如果你没有时间离开，就去一栋坚固的建筑的三楼或更高的地方。更好的是，试着爬上你能找到的最高、最坚固的建筑的屋顶。如果你正好在海岸边，附近可能有一座很高的海啸疏散塔。寻找疏散路线标志，并跟随它们到达塔楼，然后爬到顶部)”说明被困时，要爬到高的地方或者建筑物的顶部，D项“如果你被困了，就爬到建筑物的顶部。”引出下文内容，可以作为段落标题句。故选D。【19题详析】上文“Grabsomethingfloatingifyou’reinthewater.(如果你在水里，抓一些漂浮的东西)”说明如果已经在水里，你应该抓着一些漂浮的东西，F项“寻找像树、门或救生筏这样坚固的东西。”举例说明可以抓住的漂浮的东西有什么，承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【20题详析】下文“Tsunamiactivitycancontinueforupto8hoursorlonger.Stayawayfromthecoastandonhighgroundforthisperiodtoplayitsafe.(海啸活动可能持续长达8小时或更长时间。在此期间，请远离海岸，待在高地以确保安全)”说明海啸持续的时长，你应该在此期间远离海岸，待在高地以确保安全，C项“在你的安全地点至少待8个小时。”引出下文内容，可以作为段落标题句，符合题意。故选C。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atage83,BarbaraHumbertdreamsoftakingpartinnextyear’s“MarathonforAll”raceattheParisOlympicGames.Itisthefirst___21___ofitskind,allowingamateur(业余)athletestorunthesameracepathastheOlympicmarathonathletes.Humberthasahistoryofsuccesssuggestingshecould___22___somerunnershalfherage.Unlikeyour___23___great-grandmother,theGerman-bornFrenchwomanruns50kilometersaweek.Shehas___24___inmanymarathonsandhasthemedalstoshowforit.“It's___25___tohavetheOlympicsinmyhomeland,”saidHumbert,“Itwouldbea___26___formy60thmarathon.”However,Humbertis___27___whethershewillreceivethepaperforadmissiontotherace,asthenumberfortheMarathonforAllwillbe___28___to20,024.Humbert'shusbandJacquesisabigsupporter,helpingwherehecan.Heiswaitingtohearfromthesportsministryaboutthe___29___toreserveapieceofadmissionpaperforhiswife.Many___30___hangintheentranceofBarbaraandJacques’shome.They___31___Barbaraofalltheracesshehastakenpartin,fromAthenstoBostonandmanyothercities.Shefiguresoutthatshehas___32___about8,000kilometersinthoseraces.Humbertwantsothersto___33___inherfootsteps.Shesaidofrunning,“Itgivesyoubalance.Yourun,youemptyyourhead,youfeel___34___relaxedafterwards.”Barbaraisplanningformoreraces___35___juststayingonwhathasbeenachieved.21.A.goal B.test C.event D.reward22.A.choose B.beat C.respect D.welcome23.A.usual B.kind C.special D.serious24.A.served B.competed C.volunteered D.travelled25.A.relaxing B.confusing C.worrying D.amazing26.A.gift B.win C.practice D.lesson27.A.confident B.happy C.unsure D.fortunate28.A.reached B.recognized C.increased D.limited29.A.honour B.complaint C.request D.command30.A.races B.medals C.flags D.T-shirts31.A.remind B.warn C.tell D.praise32.A.hiked B.tracked C.led D.covered33.A.getover B.standup C.runout D.comealong34.A.formally B.extremely C.hardly D.secretly35.A.butfor B.aheadof C.ratherthan D.otherthan〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.D34.B35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了83岁的BarbaraHumbert梦想着参加明年巴黎奥运会的“全民马拉松”比赛。她参加过许多马拉松比赛，并获得了奖牌，同时亨伯特也希望其他人跟随她的脚步。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是第一次允许业余运动员与奥运会马拉松运动员在同一条赛道上比赛。A.goal目标；B.test测验；C.event大事；D.reward奖励。根据后文“allowingamateurathletestorunthesameracepathastheOlympicmarathonathletes”可知允许业余运动员和奥运会马拉松运动员跑同一条赛道是这项比赛的一件大事。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨伯特有成功的历史，这表明她可以击败一些年龄只有她一半的运动员。A.choose选择；B.beat打；C.respect尊重；D.welcome欢迎。根据上文“Humberthasahistoryofsuccess”可知，亨伯特有成功的历史，这表明她可以击败一些年龄只有她一半的运动员。故选B。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不像你平常的曾祖母，这位德国出生的法国女人每周跑50公里。A.usual寻常的；B.kind善良的；C.special特别的；D.serious严肃的。根据后文“great-grandmother,theGerman-bornFrenchwomanruns50kilometersaweek”可知，亨伯特与寻常曾祖母相比，这位德国出生的法国女人每周跑50公里。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她参加过许多马拉松比赛，并获得了奖牌。A.served服务；B.competed比赛；C.volunteered志愿做；D.travelled旅行。根据后文“andhasthemedalstoshowforit”可知，她参加过许多马拉松比赛，故选B。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亨伯特说：“在我的祖国举办奥运会真是太棒了”A.relaxing令人放松的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.worrying令人担心的；D.amazing令人惊讶的，棒的。根据后文“havetheOlympicsinmyhomeland”以及常识，在自己祖国举办奥运会是很棒的事情。故选D。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这将是我第60次参加马拉松的礼物。”A.gift礼物；B.win获胜；C.practice实践；D.lesson课程。此处指亨伯特认为在自己祖国举办奥运会是自己参加马拉松的礼物，故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，亨伯特不确定她是否会收到参加比赛的证件，因为参加全民马拉松的人数将限制在20024人。A.confident自信的；B.happy快乐的；C.unsure不确定的；D.fortunate幸运的。后文“asthenumberfortheMarathonforAllwillbe”提到了有人数限制，所以她不确定是否会收到参加比赛的证件，故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，亨伯特不确定她是否会收到参加比赛的证件，因为参加全民马拉松的人数将限制在20024人。A.reached到达；B.recognized识别；C.increased增加；D.limited限制。根据后文“to20,024”指参加全民马拉松的人数将限制在20024人。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他正在等待体育部关于为他妻子保留一张入场券的请求。A.honour荣誉；B.complaint投诉；C.request请求；D.command命令。根据后文“toreserveapieceofadmissionpaperforhiswife”指请求体育部为他妻子保留一张入场券。故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多奖牌挂在芭芭拉和雅克家的门口。A.races比赛；B.medals奖章；C.flags旗帜；D.T-shirtsT恤。呼应上文“hasthemedalstoshowforit”此处指许多奖牌挂在芭芭拉和雅克家的门口。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们让芭芭拉想起了她参加过的所有比赛，从雅典到波士顿和许多其他城市。A.remind提醒；B.warn警告；C.tell告诉；D.praise赞美。根据后文“Barbaraofalltheracesshehastakenpartin”可知，这些奖牌提醒芭芭拉她参加过的所有比赛，remindsb.ofsth.表示“提醒某人某事”。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计算出她在这些比赛中已经跑了大约8000公里。A.hiked远足；B.tracked追踪；C.led带领；D.covered覆盖。根据后文“about8,000kilometers”指走过多长的距离，应用动词cover。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：亨伯特希望其他人跟随她的脚步。A.getover克服；B.standup站立；C.runout用完；D.comealong前往，跟随。根据后文她描述了跑步的好处，可知是希望其他人跟随她的脚步。故选D。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你跑步，清空大脑，之后你会感到极度放松。A.formally正式地；B.extremely非常；C.hardly几乎不；D.secretly秘密地。根据上文“Yourun,youemptyy