2024届高考英语专题复习写作训练Writing In English 从写对句子到文章 学案

WritingInEnglishName目录第一部分从写对句子开始写一个语法正确的句子扩句练习写一个有逻辑的段落写一篇符合要求的作文应用文写作高考应用文作文评分标准普通信件/电子邮件道歉信推荐信邀请信建议信申请信求助信咨询信通知演讲稿记人叙事报道读后续写高考读后续写评分标准读后微技能训练2.2.1写一个正确的句子下面的句子正确吗？1.）Theboyisreadingabookisourmonitor.2.）ThebeautifulgirlhasbigeyesisWangMeimeifromXinhuaSchool.3.）Youusuallyeatweight-losspillisn'tgoodforyourhealth.认识句子中的有意义的单位(1)词汇:n,v,adj,adv,prep(介词):eg.word,work,entire,entirely(2)短语:v-ing短语：eg:theboysleepinginclassv-ed短语：eg:theboynamedTomtodo短语：eg:thefirstboytoleavethedormitory介词短语：eg:theboywithredhair(3)从句：名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句)宾语从句：Iknow(that)youaretired.定语从句：eg:theboywhohaslonghair.状语从句：eg:WhenTomwasyoung,hewasverynaughty.句子:：eg:Tomwasyoung.1.2认识基本句型结构和成分主谓Heleft.主谓宾Hemadeacake.主系表Thecakeisbig.主谓宾+宾Hegavethecaketohisdaughter./Hegavehisdaughterthecake.主谓宾+宾补Hewatchedhisdaughtereatingthecake.成分：Tom,mynephew,tookanEnglishtestthismorning.注意：定语：修饰名词（单个前置；多个后置adj+n;n+adj）状语：修饰动词（位置灵活，句中，句首，句末）1.3写句子的步骤Step1写出句子的主干Step2写出句子中的修饰成分例1：你刚说的话我没听懂。Step1Idon’tunderstandthewords.Step2Idon’tunderstandthewordsthatyoujustsaid.例2：读英文文章有益于你的英语学习。Step1:ReadingEnglishtextsisgoodforyourEnglishlearning.1.4下面的句子对吗军训了一天之后，我们都累成狗了。Afteraday'smilitarytraining,wearesotiredthatlikeatireddog.（）Afteraday'smilitarytraining,wearesotired,likeatireddog.（）Afteraday'smilitarytraining,wearedog-tired.（）1.5小试牛刀1.绕着学校跑可以让你保持健康。我们都知道下周考试。下周考试这一点大家都知道。学习是一门技术活。他像傻子一样站在那儿。1.6基于五大基本句型写句子1.6.1主系表该句型中的动词为系动词，表示人或事物的状态，属性等，表语常为名词或形容词。常见的系动词有：1.be，2.感官动词（look,feel,smell,taste,sound）,表示状态的词(seem,appear,keep,remain(仍是),stay(继续处于什么状态）)，4.标示转变或结果（get变得,become变得，turn变得，go变得，grow渐渐变成，fall变得，prove证明。系动词用法习惯搭配go朝坏的方面变化wrong,

bad,

mad,

hungry,

blind

etc.turn表颜色等red,

greengrow表成长中的变化strong,

tallfall由动态到静态转变ill,

sick,

asleepcome转向好的状态true,

aliveGetbecome常用来指人或物的状态的变化become

接名词时,名词前接冠词1.大声朗读英语很有益。听到这个消息，我感到很难过。保持活跃而友好，你就会变得更受欢迎。身材苗条，手里拿着一本书的女人是我们英语老师。正在一本英语小说的男孩是我们班长（monitor).1.6.2beadjtodoIamcarelessenoughtomakethesamemistakeagain.英语很容易学习。他很认真，把每个错题都改正了。（correct)战争中的勇士愿意为国捐躯。他年龄大了，应该去上学。他太生气了，一句话都不想说。1.6.3主谓基本句型1主+谓该句型中的谓语动词为不及物动词（vi），常见的不及物动词有go,come,stay,listen,goup上升,godown下降,happen,takeplace,rise,increase,decrease,leave,appear,disappear,die,blossom,run,jumpcrysitarriveapologize等。用主语加以上这些单词，就可以组成一个完成的句子，如，Tomruns.Lilycries.这些动词后面如果要接宾语的时，必须加一个介词，如,Sheleaves.他离开了。SheleavesforShanghai.他去了上海。1.师生们在新的环境中愉快地生活并努力地工作着。近两年来，我们的学校发生了巨大变化。他生气摔门而去。（slam(-mm-)v.使...砰地关上）新冠肺炎（COVID-19)于2019年爆发。利用这次机会，你终会成功。1.6.4主谓宾该句型中的谓语动词为及物动词（vt.），及物动词后如果不加宾语，则句意表达不完整，如make,do,love,say等，英语中大部分动词都是及物动词，该句型表达“某人做某事”。如：Myfatherreadsnewspaper.Shemakesacake.1.我们学校将举行一次运动会。我们盼望着你的到来。我很喜欢这个运动。我将介绍两种分享书的方法。我想知道你能否告知我更多情况。1.6.5主谓宾宾英语中有些动词可以带两个宾语，这些动词大多具有“给与”的含义。如： Give  tell  teach  write bring   hand  show  offer  send  pay  pass  allow  returnBuy  do  get  fetch  save  make sing  chooseask  answer  take  cost.例如：Helentmeabook.Helentabooktome.Hesentmeacard.Hesentacardtome.Hepassedmethesalt.Hepassedthesalttome.Sheboughtmeatie.Sheboughtatieforme.Shemademeacake.Shemadeacakeforme1.我给爸爸买了一个很好的礼物。我在恰当的时间向他们表明了我的态度。你在信中告诉我你要到北京玩。这个图画向我们展示了一个令人感动（touching）的时刻。我想把安排（arrangements）向你展示一下。1.6.6主谓宾宾补常见的宾语补足语结构有：感官动词（see,hear,feel,notice,watch,observe）+宾语（sb./sth.）+do/doingsth.（宾语补足语）。Eg.IseeMarydoingherhomework.我看见玛丽在做作业。IhearTomsingasong.我听见Tom在唱歌。使役动词（make，let，have）sb.dosth.让某人做某事Myteacherletsmegohome.我的老师让我回家。Theteacherhasherstudentscleantheclassroom.老师让她的学生把教室打扫了。其他动词（find，leave，keep,catch）sb.+adj/doing发现，让某人处于某种状态,抓住某人做某事。Leavethedooropen,please!让门开着。Theteacheraskedherstudentstokeeptheclassroomclean.Ifinditdifficulttolearnmath.介词with+sb/sth+v-ing/v-ed随着某人/某事Withtimegoingby,wewillgrowold.随着时间的流逝，我们将变老。Withtheproblemsettled,weallwenthome.问题解决了，我们都回家了。ask/tell/invite/want/allow/advise/teach/warnsbtodosth...某人做某事Theteacheraskedstudentstohandintheirhomeworkontime.老师让学生准时交作业。1.我发现试题很难。老师叫我帮他。我们看到小偷被逮住了。我们必须保持我们学校清洁。我认为充分利用现有的时间是一个好主意。1.6.7therebe...1.有很多学生在外面说话。空气污染将会很严重。看起来是缺乏沟通。下周将有一次英语演讲比赛。有很多人在争论这个问题。1.7选用恰当的修饰词/句例：在A楼和C楼之间的那栋楼是B楼。BuildingBisbetweenBuildingAandBuildingC.Thebuilding(betweenBuidingAandBuildingB)isBuildingC.Thebuilding(standingbetweenBuildingAandBuildingB)isBuildingC.1.7.1用单词修饰1.一群学生高高兴兴地走过了教室。英式英语和美式英语不一样。妈妈精心地给Mary做了一个大蛋糕。可怜的Tom这次数学考试考了30分。睿智的同学知道怎么高效地学习。1.7.2用动词短语修饰我喜欢鲁迅写的书。Eg.IlikethebookswrittenbyLuXun.你看电视上昨天报道的新闻了吗？这些我和妈妈两年前种的书已经长大了。戴眼镜的那个男孩是Porter.在课上睡觉的那个还学生被老师批评了。我特别喜欢那个奶奶讲的故事。1.7.3用介词短语修饰1.英式英语和美式英语不一样。我是来自新华中学的李华。全世界的人民都热爱和平。坐在教室的学生就像被困在笼子里的鸟一样。 笼子里的那只鸟想要飞上蓝天。1.7.4用动词短语修饰坐在教室看着钟表上的秒针，小明等着放学。Sittingintheclassroomwatchingthesecondhandcircling,Xiaomingiswaitingfortheschooltobeover.从山顶上看，这座城市非常漂亮。妈妈很努力地工作，从黎明工作到天黑。一群人又说又笑地走过教室，吵到了教室里的学生。我沉迷于玩手机游戏，不知道妈妈站在我后面。老师手里拿着一本书，走进了教室。1.7.5用从句修饰1.跟我妈妈说话的那个女人是我的语文老师。我最欢鲁迅写的书了。我奶奶给我看了她年轻时拍的照片。一旦你做了决定就不要轻易放弃。尽管学习很累，但是我有一种成就感。2扩句练习例：IlikeEnglish.Amongallthesubjects,IlikeEnglishmost,bylearningwhichIhavebeenbroughttoawholenewcultureandexperiencedifferentwaystoexpressmyself,mainlybecausesometimesIcanwatchEnglishmoviesinthethenameoflearning.Isawaflower.Theleavesturnedyellow.(主句)____________________________________________Iheardthebirdsinging.Iplantedatree写一个有逻辑的段落3.1下面是从某同学文章中摘取的段落，请诊断该段落中所存在的问题Iboughtamobilephoneon20thApr.2008.Itdidn’tringandsendshortmessages.Itookittotheseller.Iwastoldthatthemodelhadbeensoldout.Ihadtowaitatleastthreemonthsforanewone.Iwenttotherepairman.该段落中所存在的问题：3.2Readthefollowingpassageandunderlinethelinkers(连接词).Therearemanyreasonsforanimals’dyingout,butthemostimportantoneisthepartthatthehumanbeingshaveplayed.First,manyanimalshavebeenkilledforfood.Second,manyoftheplaceswheretheseanimalsusedtolivehavebeendestroyed.Drylandshavebeenwatered.Wetlandshavebeenturnedintofields.Forestshavebeencleanedintoagriculturallandorusedforbuilding.Pollutedriversandlakeshavealsobeenacauseofanimaldeath.3.3Fillintheblankswithlinkingwordsintheboxes.afterclass,butnow,forexample,insteadof,inaword,inthepastafterclass,butnow,forexample,insteadof,inaword,inthepastYouwanttoknowwhatisgoingoninourschool.Inshort,thingshavebeenimprovingsincetheschoolbegantocarryoutexploringstudy(探究性学习）.［1］___________,theteachersalwayskeptonexplainingthepointsinclass.Westudentsjustlistenedandtooknotes.［2］_______weoftendiscussandtrytosolvetheproblemsraisedbytheteachersorourselves.［3］__________,weenjoyeddifferentkindsofactivities［4］___________doingendlesshomework.［5］___________,wecanreadwhatweareinterestedin.WecangotothelibraryorsurftheInternetforvariousinformation.［6］__________,wearenowmastersofstudy,andwearehappy.3.4Fillintheblankswithlinkingwordstomakethepassagescoherent.1.Mykneestartedhurting,___Istoppedrunning.2.Wherehaveyoubeen_____Ilastsawyou.3.Youcaninvitehimtotheparty,___pleasedon’taskthatfriendofhis.4.HewasbornandbroughtupinAmerica,______hecanspeakEnglish.3.5Payattentiontothelinkingwordsusedinthefollowingsentencesorpassagesandcorrectthemifnecessary.1.Therentisreasonable;however,thelocationisperfect.2.Shewasverytired,soshekeptonworking.3.Hewasill,buthecouldn'tcome.4.Moreandmorepeoplerelyone-mailandmobilephonesforcommunication,thereforethenewtoolsseemfasterandmakeworkmoreefficient.3.6Rewritethefollowingpassagebyaddingsomelinkingwords.（提示：思考句与句之间的关系，然后添加适当的连接词）Inthemorning,Igotup.Iwalkedtoschool.Isawsmokerisingfromabuilding.Itmustbeonfire.Idialed119.Fireenginesarrived.Thefire-menputoutthefire.3.7Rewritethefollowingpassage.Iwilltellyouthechangeofmylife.Before,wehadmanyclasseseveryday.Ihadtodoalotofhomeworkafterschool.Iwenttobedat11:30intheevening.Ihadnotimetoplay.Iwasverytired.NowIcanvisitmuseums.Icanlearncomputeranddrawing.Intheevening,Icanreadbooksandnews-papersandwatchTV.Igotobedat10:00now.第二部分一、普通书信/电子邮件英文email和普通书信的写法和格式大体相同，其开头、结尾往往都会给出，正文可根据作文要求分段把内容表达清楚即可。(1)开头常用句式①Iamverygladtohavereceivedtheletteryousentmetwoweeksago.我很高兴收到你两星期前寄给我的信。②Howareyougettingalongwith...?你近来……进展如何？③I'mwritingtoaskifyoucancomenextmonth.我写信询问你下个月能不能来。④Sorrytoreplytoyourlettersolate.抱歉这么晚才给你回信。⑤Thereisnothinghappiertomethantoreceiveyourletter.再也没有比收到你的来信更让我开心的了。(2)主体部分常用句式①I'vebeenthinkingaboutthequestionyouwroteintheletter.Inmyopinion，youshould...我一直在思考你来信中提到的问题。在我看来，你应该……②Ifnecessary，wecanarrangeaface­to­facediscussionsometimethisweek.如果有必要，本周我们可以找个时间安排一次面谈。(3)结尾常用句式①Givemybestregards/wishestoyourmother.代我向你的母亲表示美好的祝愿。②Iamlookingforwardtoyourearliestreply.盼望着你早日回复。③Expectingtohearfromyouassoonaspossible.盼望尽快收到你的回信。④Wishyouapleasantjourney.祝你旅途愉快。假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Maria被哈佛大学商学院(HarvardBusinessSchool)录取，请你用英语给她写一封电子邮件，要点包括：1．表达祝贺；2．介绍你的学习情况；3．寻求建议。注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。DearMaria，_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua二、道歉信apologizev．道歉forgivev．原谅inconveniencen．不便appointmentn．约定oversightn．疏忽makeup弥补(1)开头常用句式①Iamwritingthislettertoapologizetoyoufor...我写这封信是因……向你道歉。②Iamwritingtoexpress/conveymydeepestapologytoyou.我写信向你表达我深深的歉意。(2)主体部分常用句式①IregrettoinformyouthatIcannot/amunableto...我遗憾地告知你我不能……②Iamsorryformynotbeingableto...duetothefactthat...我非常抱歉我不能……因为……③Muchtomyregret，Iwasunableto...andIwishthatmyapologycouldhelptosomeextent.很遗憾，我不能够……希望我的道歉在某种程度上能起到作用。④Irememberweplannedto...butnowbecause...Icannot...withyouasplanned.我记得我们原本计划……但是现在由于……我不能与你如期……⑤Imustapologizeforanyinconvenienceitmayhavecausedyou.为此事可能给你带来的任何不便，我深表歉意。(3)结尾常用句式①Onceagain，I'msorryforanyinconveniencecaused.对于造成的任何不便我再次表示歉意。②Isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletothinkinmypositionandacceptmyapologies.我衷心地希望你能够站在我的角度考虑一下，并接受我的道歉。③Pleaseacceptmysincereapologyfor...oncemore.请为……再次接受我真诚的道歉。④Isincerelyhopethatyouwillkindlyacceptmyapologies.我衷心希望你能友好地接受我的道歉。假定你是李华，与在你校学习的美国交换生Tom是好朋友。你向他借了一本中学生英文小说OfMiceandMen，但不慎丢失，一时又买不到。请给他写封电子邮件，说明情况。要点包括：1．表示歉意；2．说明物品丢失的经过；3．提出可能的解决方案。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。DearTom，_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua三、推荐信capableadj.能干的talentedadj.有才能的outstandingadj.突出的competentadj.能胜任的ambitiousadj.有雄心的diligentadj.勤奋的hardworkingadj.努力工作的humorousadj.幽默的honestadj.诚实的faithfuladj.忠诚的kindheartedadj.善良的generousadj.慷慨的devotedadj.全心全意的persistentadj.坚持的creativeadj.有创意的potentialadj.有潜力的enthusiasticadj.热情的recommendationn．推荐meettherequirement符合要求(1)开头常用句式①I'mverypleasedtolearnthatyouaregoingto...I'mwritingthislettertooffermyrecommendation.得知你将……我很高兴，我写这封信向你提供我的建议。②Pleaseallowmetointroduceoneofmybestfriendstoyou.请允许我向你介绍我最好的朋友之一。③IamwritingtointroduceoneofmycollegeclassmatesinBeijing.我写信是要介绍一位我在北京时的大学同学。④Iamverygladtohavethischancetowritetoyouto...我很高兴能有这次机会给你写信……(2)主体部分常用句式①ThereasonwhyIrecommend...isthat...我推荐……的原因是……②SoIholdthebeliefthat...be(am/is/are)quitesuitableforthepost.所以我相信……很适合这个职位。(3)结尾常用句式①Thanksforyourattentionandhopetoreceiveyourreply.多谢你的关注，希望能收到你的回复。②Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemeacarefulconsideration.如果你能对我予以仔细考虑我将不胜感激。③Iwouldbemostgratefulifyoucouldlenddueattentiontothisletterandcontactmeby/through...如果你能给予此信一定的关注并通过……和我联系，我将非常感激。④I'llbemorethanhappyifyoucantakemysuggestions/ideasintoconsideration.如果你能考虑我的建议/想法，我将非常高兴。假定你是李华，你有一位英国网友Tom，他给你发来邮件，想了解故宫的一些情况。请根据下面要点给他回一封电子邮件：1．故宫(thePalaceMuseum)，又叫紫禁城(theForbiddenCity)。2．它于1406年开始修建，花了将近14年的时间，于1420年建成。3．现在，故宫每周二免费向中国的中学生开放。4．故宫存放着有上千年历史的文化珍宝(culturaltreasures)。请他亲自来看一看。注意：1．词数100左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．不得使用真实姓名或学校名称。DearTom，Itisnicetoreceiveyoure­mail.NowI'dliketotellyousomethingaboutthePalaceMuseum.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua四、邀请信invitationn．邀请appreciatev．感激debatev．讨论participatev．参与participantn．参与者declinev．谢绝beinterestedin对……感兴趣eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(haveagoodtime,enjoyoneself))玩得高兴(1)开头常用句式①We'rethrowingasurprisepartyfor...We'dliketoinviteyouto.../It'smyhonortoinviteyouto...我们将为……举办一个惊喜派对。我们想邀请你……/我非常荣幸地邀请你……②Wearehaving/planning...on...andwefeelitwouldbeagreatideaifyoucanjoinus.我们将于……举行……，如果你能加入我们就太好了。③Iamwritingtoinviteyouto.../I'mwritingtotellyouthattherewillbea．..我写信邀请你……/我写信告诉你有一个/场……④Iamverypleasedtoinviteyoutoparticipatein...tobeheldfrom...to...in...我很高兴邀请你参加从……到……在……举行的……(2)主体部分常用句式①Herearesomedetailsaboutthisactivity.＝Thefollowingaresomedetailsaboutthisactivity.＝Somedetailsaboutthisactivityareasfollows.活动的细节如下。②Iwouldliketomeetyouthereandpleaseletmeknowyourdecisionsoon.我想在那里见到你，请尽快告诉我你的决定。③Iamsureyouwillhaveagoodtimeat...我相信你在……将会玩得开心。(3)结尾常用句式①Iwouldfeelveryhonoredifyoucouldcome./Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldconfirmyourparticipationatyourearliestconvenience./Anearlyreplyisappreciated.如果你能来，我将倍感荣幸。/如果你能尽早在你方便时确定参加，我们将不胜感激。/如能早日回复，将不胜感激。②Myphonenumberis.../Lookingforwardto...我的电话号码是……/盼望……③Wouldyoupleasedropmealinetoletmeknowifyoucancometo...?如果你能来……请写信告诉我，好吗？假定你是班长李华，邀请外教Mike老师参加你班在本月举行的文明班级(acivilizedclass)活动，请根据以下要点，给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1．活动目的；2．活动内容；3．表示欢迎。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、建议信mentionv．提到situationn．情况；形势furthermoreadv.此外meanwhileadv.同时discussionn．讨论proposaln．建议advisev．建议suggestv．建议wiseadj.明智的inmyopinion在我看来(1)开头常用句式①Iknowyouhavetroublein...afterreadingyourletter.Iamwritingtogiveyousomesuggestions/ahand.在读了你的信后，我知道你在……上有困难。我写这封信的目的是给你一些建议/帮助。②You'veaskedmeforadvicewithregardto/regarding...andI'lltrytomakesomeusefulsuggestionshere.关于……你向我征求意见，在此，我将尽力提出一些有用的建议。③I'mverygladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhow...非常高兴收到你的来信，在信上你就如何……向我征求意见。(2)主体部分常用句式①Whenitcomesto/Asfor...Iwouldliketosuggest/recommend...涉及/关于……我想建议……②Thefollowingaremysuggestions.＝Mysuggestionsareasfollows.我的建议如下。③Inmyopinion/Personally/AsfarasI'mconcerned，itwouldbewisetotakethefollowingactions.在我看来，采取如下行动是明智的。④Youmay/mightaswelldo...你不妨做……⑤IfIwereyou，Iwould...如果我是你，我会……⑥Ithinkitwouldbemorebeneficialifyoucould...我想如果你能……可能会更有利。(3)结尾常用句式①Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful./Ihopemysuggestionswillbeofbenefittoyou.我希望你认为这些建议有帮助。/我希望我的建议将对你有益。②Ihopeyouwilltakemyadviceintoconsiderationseriously.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorrequirements，pleasedonothesitatetotellme./Ifyouhaveanyquestions，pleasefeelfreetoaskmeatanytime.我希望你会认真考虑我的建议。如果你有任何问题或要求，请毫不犹豫地告诉我。/如果你有任何问题，请随时问我。假定你是李明，昨天学校组织你班学生去某化工厂参观，你发现工厂附近的环境受到了严重污染，河水污浊不堪，于是决定给市长写一封信，要求政府加强对工厂的管理，要求工厂采取措施处理污染，保护环境。内容包括：1．描述你所看到的情况；2．发表自己的看法；3．提出具体的措施。注意：1．词数100左右。开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数；2．不得使用真实姓名和学校名称。DearMayor，I'msorrytowritetoyou，but_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!You